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"This book is designed to assist pre-service and in-service classroom teachers in weaving music, visual arts, drama, and movement into the elementary school curriculum--thereby stimulating the learning process, enriching other subject areas, and providing opportunities for creative expression and self-fulfillment. Featuring content informed by the National Standards for the Arts, the book provides the basic tools and activities that teachers need to gain confidence in using the arts in their elementary classrooms. " -- Publisher description.
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Through a multi-country study, Comparative Perspectives on International School Leadership examines the current global spread of educational leadership, occurring rapidly and widely. Exploring five international case studies of leadership policy, preparation, and practice under the framework of policy borrowing and adaptation, Magno attempts to understand and account for commonalities and differences across country contexts. Rather than assuming a particular model or theory to leadership is best, Comparative Perspectives on International School Leadership takes a policy-oriented perspective and considers how and why certain approaches are being formulated and accepted, including an examination of motivations, influencers, actors, institutions, and implementation processes. Magno ultimately argues that efforts toward formalizing educational leadership reflect current global political objectives to improve schools by increasing accountability, transparency, and professionalism. This engaging book will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields of educational leadership and comparative education. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
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A successful Software maintenance process depends on three factors: the maintenance goals, the technical properties of the system and the people performing the software maintenance. Most of the current work to investigate software maintenance only considers the first two factors, ignoring the third factor, which limits the scope and accuracy of these approaches. In this paper, we use change theory to introduce a deeper understanding of the software maintenance process. We utilize three change theories: Lewin's, Prochaska and DiClemente's, and Lippit's theories to introduce three different software maintenance models. These models consider the three success factors and incorporate contextual information to help maintainers better understand the software maintenance task to bring about an effective change.
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In this study, we examine the relationship between contextual variables related to teachers and student performance in Advanced Algebra classrooms in the USA. The data were gathered from a cluster-randomized study on the effects of SimCalc MathWorlds®, a curricular and technological intervention as a replacement for Algebra 2 curriculum, on student learning of Algebra 2 content. Conditional measures (teacher background characteristics) and instructional measures (self-reported instructional preferences, stances, and classroom practices) were subjected to a variety of empirical analyses to discern their relationship to student learning. Researchers examined both the overall effect of teacher contextual variables on student learning and the specific effect of SimCalc on both teacher instructional measures and student performance. There is evidence to support that teachers who use the SimCalc curriculum value classroom communication, deep understanding of math concepts, and support for both routine and non-routine problems. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014.
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We report on two large studies conducted in advanced algebra classrooms in the US, which evaluated the effect of replacing traditional algebra 2 curriculum with an integrated suite of dynamic interactive software, wireless networks and technology-enhanced curriculum on student learning. The first study was a cluster randomized trial and the second was a quasi-experimental replication study using a subset of the original treatment teachers. Both studies demonstrated significant impact on student learning of core algebra concepts including both procedural and conceptual problems. Various variables were modeled to understand the impact of such an intervention including demographic factors and class level. We found that being in an honors class significantly predicts learning gains but being in a non-honors SimCalc class significantly predicts learning gains versus all other groups. We also found significant effects of treatment on difference scores for problems which demanded simple procedural approaches and those that demanded complex conceptual understanding.
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We investigated prospects for reported sustainable adoption and sharing of an educational innovation through survey research including online questionnaires and telephone interviews. This investigation is part of the Scaling-Up SimCalc experimental program, which combines dynamic representational algebra software (SimCalc MathWorlds) with integrated curriculum and small professional development workshops focused on how to use the software and how to integrate this intervention into the larger year-long curriculum. Teachers who (1) perceived the usefulness of the SimCalc professional development as being consistent with personal aims and (2) perceived specific affordances of the software/curriculum to be valuable were more likely to report continued use of the innovation after the research had ended and that they had shared it with colleagues over time.
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Revisions of a textbook problem enhance the underlying tasks and foster conceptual understanding.
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In this article we study the conceptions of an American and a French group of undergraduate pre-service teachers regarding the concept of independent events. Specifically, we study the role that intuition plays in their answers, ascertain the presence of probabilistic biases, and compare the findings with previous results collected on a different population. Participants were asked to provide essay-type answers to a three-part questionnaire that asked them to solve problems, react to hypothetical students’ answers, and answer direct questions. The concept of independent events was problematic for most participants as was the distinction between mutually exclusive and independent events. In addition, representativeness bias and the Falk Phenomenon were observed among several participants.
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