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In consideration of Richard Daniel’s alarmed discourse found in the text accompanying his map of the English empire in America (1679), one must investigate the supposedly offending French, English, and Dutch maps of the second half of the seventeenth century for North America and, in particular, the region of the Atlantic coastline and the rhetorical devices of possession found on or in these geographical works. In addition to looking at territorial boundaries, one should also make note of armorial bearings, ships with naval ensigns, toponyms and their placement on the territory, dedicatory cartouches, legends with geographical or historical information, native scenes, and symbols for settlement. In addition to attention to possible constraints on or from the map trade, one must consider the correspondence between colonial officials and their respective governments regarding boundaries, encroachment, sovereignty, or the need for maps with a particular focus on the North American coastline. This correspondence reflects the state’s point of view, which in turn was often manifested on maps and in geographical works. Interestingly intertwined with this outspoken sense of rightful possession were the contemporary claims from some quarters that the cartographic enterprise of the late seventeenth century now embraced an empirical approach, as well as the seemingly opposing thread of the economic realities of the print trade, which often used old copper plates with little to no cartographic revision, so that long after political, economic, or military actions resulted in an “adjustment” in possession, printed maps, atlases, and other geographical works still reflected earlier circumstances. © University of Toronto Press

Scholars have offered at least four distinct but interrelated conceptual frameworks for examining the relationship between militaries and the natural world.

Until recently, receiving a European or North American-style medical education in Southeast Asia was a profoundly transformative experience, as western conceptions of the body differed significantly from indigenous knowledge and explanations. Further, conceptions of the human body had to be translated into local languages and related to vernacular views of health, disease, and healing. Translating the Body is the first book to present the history of biomedical education across Southeast Asia. The contributors chart and analyze the organization of western medical education in Southeast Asia, public health education campaigns in the region, and the ways in which practitioners of what came to be conceived of as “traditional medicine” in many Southeast Asian countries organized themselves in response.

This textbook covers digital design, fundamentals of computer architecture, and assembly language. The book starts by introducing basic number systems, character coding, basic knowledge in digital design, and components of a computer. The book goes on to discuss information representation in computing; Boolean algebra and logic gates; sequential logic; input/output; and CPU performance. The author also covers ARM architecture, ARM instructions and ARM assembly language which is used in a variety of devices such as cell phones, digital TV, automobiles, routers, and switches. The book contains a set of laboratory experiments related to digital design using Logisim software; in addition, each chapter features objectives, summaries, key terms, review questions and problems. The book is targeted to students majoring Computer Science, Information System and IT and follows the ACM/IEEE 2013 guidelines. • Comprehensive textbook covering digital design, computer architecture, and ARM architecture and assembly • Covers basic number system and coding, basic knowledge in digital design, and components of a computer • Features laboratory exercises in addition to objectives, summaries, key terms, review questions, and problems in each chapter

This second volume of Lovecraftian Proceedings contains a wealth of cutting-edge scholarship on the dreamer from Providence, including substantial articles from both recipients of the S. T. Joshi Endowed Research Fellowship for H. P. Lovecraft at Brown University.  Lovecraftian Proceedings fosters exploration of Lovecraft as a rationalist who created an elaborate cosmic mythology, and how this mythology was influenced by, and has come to influence, numerous other authors and artists. The papers which comprise Lovecraftian Proceedings were presented during a key part of the NecronomiCon Providence convention, the Dr. Henry Armitage Memorial Symposium. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction             Dennis P. Quinn Dreams of Antiquity:  H. P. Lovecraft's Great Roman Dream of 1927Byron Nakamura The Poet’s Nightmare: The Nature of Things According to LovecraftSean Moreland Reordering the Universe: H. P. Lovecraft’s Subversion of the Biblical DivineRené J. Weise Resisting Cthulhu:  Milton and Lovecraft’s Errand in the Wilderness Marcello Ricciardi “The Discriminating Urban Landscapist": Tradition and Innovation in the Architectural Writings of H. P. LovecraftConnor Pitetti Tentacles in the Madhouse: The Role of the Asylum in the Fiction of H. P. LovecraftTroy Rondinone Unspeakable Languages: Lovecraft Editions in Spanish Juan L. Pérez-de-Luque Color out of Mind: Correlating the Cthulhu Mythos Universe to the Autism Disorder SpectrumLars G. Backstrom Darwin and the Deep Ones: Anthropological Anxiety in "The Shadow over Innsmouth" and Other StoriesJeffrey Shanks The “Inside” of H. P. Lovecraft’s Supernatural Horror in the Visual Arts Nathaniel R. Wallace H. P. Lovecraft’s OptimismMatthew Beach Insider, Outsider: From the Commonplace to the Uncanny in H. P. Lovecraft’s Narration and DescriptionsDaphnée Tasia Bourdages-Athanassiou H. P. Lovecraft, Georges Bataille, and the Fascination of the Formless: One Crawling Chaos Seen Emerging from Opposite ShoresChristian Roy  Ripples from Carcosa: H. P. Lovecraft, True Detective, and the Artist-InvestigatorHeather Poirier Lovecraft for the Little Ones: ParaNorman, Plushies, and MoreFaye Ringel and Jenna Randall Contributors AppendixAbstracts of Papers Presented at the Dr. Henry Armitage Memorial Scholarship Symposium,NecronomiCon Providence 20-23 August, 2015Chair: Dennis P. Quinn Index

Before 1944, countless Costa Rican travelers perished on the narrow rocky trail that traversed the 3,491 meter Cerro de la Muerte. Undaunted, between 1941 and 1944 U.S. engineers and Costa Rican workers built a 49-mile segment of the Inter-American Highway that conquered the Cerro. For many, both in the countryside and in the city, the roadway was a symbol of progress and modernization that inspired an image of the San José-centered state as a benevolent patriarch and the United States as a wealthy and generous Good Neighbor. The roadway, however, also had its detractors, namely communist labor organizers, who saw the project as a symbol of U.S. imperial exploitation that threatened Costa Rican sovereignty and harmed workers. The Communist press and labor organizers sought to mobilize highway workers and popular discontent against the roadway, but their efforts were largely ineffective. Indeed, ultimately, roadway workers, their families, and neighbors were grateful for the increased transportation and communication the roadway furnished their communities and the well-remunerated labor opportunities this transnational infrastructure provided. In sum, the roadway’s detractors failed to foster negative perceptions of the roadway as a symbol of the exploitative nature of the U.S. Empire on the ground.

In Vietnamese medicine, gia truyen ("family recipes") refers to a set of texts, primarily in chu nôm (demotic Vietnamese characters), that preserves local knowledge about how practitioners in a specific family-based medical circle could use various plants and other materia medica to cure disease. This article traces the history of the transmission of gia truyen in the 19th and 20th centuries. It suggests that prior to the 1920s, gia truyen were written anonymously to protect the author's identity in the face of the Nguyen dynasty's repression of ch? nom writing. In the 1920s, precisely at the time that hán-nôm writing was being eclipsed by education in French and quoc ngu (Romanized Vietnamese), Vietnamese medical practitioners experienced a renaissance in the writing of chu nôm gia truyen. Moreover, chu nôm writing in the gia truyen genre continued until at least the 1990s. ©SOAS University of London 2017.

Scientific communities as social groupings and the role that such communities play in scientific change and the production of scientific knowledge is currently under debate. I examine theory change as a complex social interaction among individual scientists and the scientific community, and argue that individuals will be motivated to adopt a more radical or innovative attitude when confronted with striking similarities between model systems and a more robust understanding of specialised vocabulary. Two case studies from the biological sciences, Barbara McClintock and Stanley Prusiner, help motivate the idea that sharing of models and specialised vocabulary fill the gap between discovery and scientific change by promoting the dispersal of important information throughout the scientific community. © 2017 Open Society Foundation.