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Communicated Stereotypes at Work highlights the pervasiveness and complexity of stereotypes in the workplace by analyzing the role they play in a variety of professional settings. Contributors exp...

Communicating User Experience illustrates how the use of Local Strategies Research (LSR) methodologies enables designers to understand the cultural implications for user actions and practices in a...

The social communication and interaction deficits associated with the autism phenotype can have serious emotional consequences for individuals on the autism spectrum. This can be particularly true during young-adulthood, a period of increased social demands and expectations. The current study investigated the specific role of social problem-solving deficits as a mediator in the relationship between autism phenotype severity and depressive symptomology in young-adults. A sample of 230 university students (48% male) ranging in age from 18 to 30 (M=21.30, SD=2.48) were assessed on autism phenotype expression (Autism-Spectrum Quotient), social problem-solving ability (Social Problem-Solving Inventory, Revised) and depressive symptomology (Beck’s Depression Inventory). Results indicated that deficient social problem-solving skills account for a significant portion of the depressive symptomology associated with increased autism phenotype expression. Path model analysis output suggested that increased expression of the social components of the autism phenotype are associated with both ineffective social problem-solving styles and attitudes, while increased detail orientation discourages the use of an impulsive problem-solving style. The findings of this investigation provide preliminary evidence suggesting that programs designed to improve social problem-solving skills could be beneficial in the reduction of depressive vulnerability for young-adults on the autism spectrum.

Universities and colleges are organizations that significantly impact students, their communities, and society. This forum explores how organizational communication scholars who are university leaders have applied their scholarly backgrounds to inform their roles. The forum participants engage in the work of being reflective practitioners to shed light on how organizational communication theory can help in negotiating the everyday lived experience of academic leadership. Three key issues are explored: (1) in what ways are organizational communication scholars uniquely positioned to assume a university leadership role? (2) how do communication concepts inform the communication practices of administrators? and (3) how do communication practices contribute to universities as multi-faceted institutions? The participants conclude by reflecting on current challenges in higher education and the potential of organizational communication scholars to play a vital role in navigating those challenges.

The purpose of this chapter is twofold; we first review our approach to cultural discourse analysis and then explicate the role of “discursive hubs” within it. The six discursive hubs we discuss are A Hub of Being: How is identity expressed? Acting: How do we express what we are doing? Relating: How do we express that we are related to each other? Feeling: How do we express what we feel? Dwelling: How do we express where we are (place) in our natural world (or material environment)? Timing: How do we express the understanding of process or sequencing over time? Our chapter brings to the fore several features of the general construct, discursive hub. Each feature of a hub adds an essential aspect to studies of cultural discourses. The set of features offers a systematic guideline for the design and execution of cultural discourse analytic studies into discursive hubs. Specifically, the set of features includes (a) The research question each hub raises; (b) the specific bits of discourse each concept of “discourse hub” makes relevant; (c) the socio-cultural functions of each hub within discourses or what that hub does within a discourse and (d) symbolic instantiations of that hub (in language, images, sounds and other signs) in actual cases of cultural discourse. Our discussion of the discourse hubs then turns to the heuristic role they play in the conduct of cultural discourse analyses. We emphasise that the hubs often work deeply together and thus their interrelationships breathe social life into cultural discourses. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Shi-xu; individual chapters, the contributors.

This chapter presents a case study from an American university’s partnership with a Polish university. The case involves an assignment to international students studying for their master’s degrees: translating “key concepts in intercultural dialogue” for publication on the Center for Intercultural Dialogue’s website. There were several problems of translation of the task assignment. One problem is the translation of expectations. Learning outcomes occur for professors, too, and the chapter offers reflection on what lessons were realized for future teaching in the international classroom.

The book is a handbook of cultural discourse analysis, a theory developed by Donal Carbaugh, and celebration of his work. The book features an explanation of the theory and sixteen chapters using ...

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) engage in less physical activity than typically-developing peers. This can result in serious negative consequences for individual well-being and may contribute to the physical, behavioral, and emotional challenges associated with ASD. This study explored the potential benefits of trainer-led, individualized, physical fitness sessions specialized for ASD. Eleven individuals (ages 7–24 years) with ASD were assessed at baseline and following 15 fitness sessions. Participants demonstrated improvements in core and lower-body strength and reductions in restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, along with non-significant but marked reductions in issues with daytime sleepiness. Results suggest the merit of specialized fitness programs and emphasize the need for larger and more rigorous research studies on this topic. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Episodic events which affect populations of marine invertebrate species are rarely documented. We report the catastrophic mass exhumation and deposition of a large aggregation of adult bivalves (Mulinia lateralis [Say, 1822]) to a suboptimal habitat on a sandy intertidal beach of St. Catherines Island, Georgia, USA. The displaced population impacted a large area (7000 m2) of the beach and consisted of similar-sized clams (∼ 13 mm mean shell length). We suggest that the exhumation could have been a result of storm-induced shear stress, an hypoxic event, or other environmental stress on the individuals. Events of this type could have important implications for population dynamics and cohort distribution, fisheries predictions and harvests, and interpretation of fossil assemblages.

Collections of 108 species of marine and estuarine mollusks from and around Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia, from 1991 to 1996, vary from and extend the known species lists generated by three previously published collections over the past 100 years. Extensive sampling, including benthic grabs, trawls, and hand collecting, has added 54 species of mollusks (20 bivalves, 31 gastropods, one polyplacophoran, and two cephalopods) to the 1914 list of Henderson & Bartsch and 46 (19 bivalves, 26 gastropods and one cephalopod) to that of Counts & Bashore from 1991. Homer et al. in 1997 provided a mollusk survey of Maryland coast bays and listed 73 molluscan species (including 10 species recorded as shells only and eight as taxonomic uncertainties). To the latter we have added 51 molluscan taxa they did not find (19 bivalves, 29 gastropods, one polyplacophoran, and two cephalopods). All collections represent a total described malacofauna of this region of 146 shallow-water species excluding undescribed or non-described taxa in earlier papers. Within the populations of some of the species collected were a few exceptionally large individuals, adding to previous records of unusually large specimens of mollusks from this region of the Atlantic coast. Additionally, some species of mollusks (Tectura testudinalis, Eupleura semisulcata [Gastropoda], Tridonta borealis [Bivalvia]) and some non-mollusks (the ascidian Ecteinascidia turbinata and a confirmation of an extension of the anthozoan Peachia parasitica) have been found in the waters surrounding Assateague, well outside of their previously reported geographic ranges. The results of the present study suggest the need for a re-evaluation of possible environmental shifts that could have taken place since the collections of the early 1900s and have elsewhere been implicated in the change of malacofauna of Assateague Island since that time. Additionally, range extensions reported could reflect a subtle geographic transition zone, newly introduced species, or, most likely, an understudied coastal area.

St. Catherines Island is one of several barrier islands lining the coast of Georgia, USA. This island is among the least recently anthropogenically impacted of the Georgia Sea Islands, but had not previously been examined in detail for coastal invertebrate macrofauna. From 1992 through late 1998 a coastal survey was conducted that examined the diverse marine invertebrate fauna of St. Catherines Island. Salt marshes, sand flats, mid- to low-energy sand beaches, beach wood debris, tidal creeks, shallow benthos, and artificial hard substrata (including docks) were qualitatively sampled for macroinvertebrates. Over 340 species were identified. Crustaceans composed close to 40% (14% amphipods; 15% decapods), polychaetes 17.5%, and molluscs about 25% of all species recovered. These results are compared to the few other relevant studies from the United States mid-Atlantic Coast.

Hardelams, Mercenaria mercenaria (Linne, 1758), tagged with brass washers attached to the outer shell surface and replanted into their natural habitat, were located remotely through the use of a commercially available, fully submersible, pulse technology metal detector. The ability to remotely locate tagged, replanted clams can increase the speed and efficiency of field operations associated with studies of clam population dynamics. Also, this methodology can reduce localized disturbances to the habitat that routinely accompany extensive hand probing to relocate experimental clams in traditional tag and recapture based studies.

Thirty-four species of molluscs have been found in the drainage systems of the United States Military Academy at West Point, NY. A few rare species were found as well as a single specimen of a presumed new gastropod taxon. Only two species of unionids, Pyganodon cataracta and Elliptio complanata, were found within the drainages. The largest drainage system, Popolopen Brook, contained the highest diversity of molluscs. Species redundancy between drainages aligned well as a function of the extent of lentic and lotic habitats with brooks and streams having a Bray-Curtis similarity index of ≈ 64.0 when compared to lakes and ponds. On the other hand, a number of species collected were found in only a single drainage. Total drainage area did not correspond well with diversity unless determined as total predicted usable habitat. Thus the drainages with the greatest number of discernible lakes, ponds, streams, and creeks, also had the highest molluscan diversity. On the whole, molluscan diversity of these drainages compared favorably to those of other regional New York sites, but relative abundance or population densities varied, with variations reflecting survey effort, time or season of collections, and incorporation of historic museum collections.