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Investigating the extent to which Heidegger's thought can be read as a crucial resource for practical philosophy and the articulation of an ethos for our time, leading scholars offer a sustained and intensive focus on Heidegger's thought of praxis.--(Source of description unspecified.)
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An examination of the lessons learned from William James’s oration on the dedication of the Civil War Monument memorialization Colonel Robert Shaw and the Fifty-Fourth Regiment Massachusetts Infantry, an all-Black unit. The role of monuments in making visible the values of a society is explored in the context of promoting a nation’s historical narrative, in particular in their propagation of the South’s Lost Cause narrative. The genocidal violence against Armenians in the Caucasus by the Azerbaijani regime serves as the second illustration of the abuse of historical narratives. © 2022 Central European Pragmatist Forum. All rights reserved.
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Several proposals for moral enhancement would use AI to augment (auxiliary enhancement) or even supplant (exhaustive enhancement) human moral reasoning or judgment. Exhaustive enhancement proposals conceive AI as some self-contained oracle whose superiority to our own moral abilities is manifest in its ability to reliably deliver the ‘right’ answers to all our moral problems. We think this is a mistaken way to frame the project, as it presumes that we already know many things that we are still in the process of working out, and reflecting on this fact reveals challenges even for auxiliary proposals that eschew the oracular approach. We argue there is nonetheless a substantial role that ‘AI mentors’ could play in our moral education and training. Expanding on the idea of an AI Socratic Interlocutor, we propose a modular system of multiple AI interlocutors with their own distinct points of view reflecting their training in a diversity of concrete wisdom traditions. This approach minimizes any risk of moral disengagement, while the existence of multiple modules from a diversity of traditions ensures pluralism is preserved. We conclude with reflections on how all this relates to the broader notion of moral transcendence implicated in the project of AI moral enhancement, contending it is precisely the whole concrete socio-technical system of moral engagement that we need to model if we are to pursue moral enhancement.
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In this paper the strategy for the eliminative reduction of the alethic modalities suggested by John Venn is outlined and it is shown to anticipate certain related contemporary empiricistic and nominalistic projects. Venn attempted to reduce the alethic modalities to probabilities, and thus suggested a promising solution to the nagging issue of the inclusion of modal statements in empiricistic philosophical systems. However, despite the promise that this suggestion held for laying the ‘ghost of modality’ to rest, this general approach, tempered modal eliminativism, is shown to be inadequate for that task. © 2004 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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To live effectively is to live with adequate information. Thus, communication and control belong to the essence of man's inner life, even as they belong to his life in society. Norbert Wiener SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ETHICS. Major scientific and technological innovations often have profound social and ethical effects. For example, in Europe during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Copernicus, Newton, and other scientists developed a powerful new model of the universe. This stunning scientific achievement led to increased respect for science and for the power of human reasoning. During that same era, recently invented printing-press technology made it possible to spread knowledge far and wide across Europe, instead of leaving it, as before, in the hands of a privileged minority of scholars. Inspired by these scientific and technological achievements, philosophers, such as Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, re-examined human nature and the idea of a good society. They viewed human beings asrational agentscapable of thinking for themselves and acquiring knowledge through science and books. In addition, they interpreted society as a creation of informed, rational citizens working together throughsocial contracts. These philosophical developments laid foundations for ethical theories such as those of Bentham and Kant, and for political changes such as the American Revolution and the French Revolution. Today, after far-reaching scientific achievements in physics, biology, and cybernetics – and after recent technological advances in digital computing and information networks – philosophers are again rethinking the nature of human beings and of society. © Cambridge University Press 2008 and 2009.
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It is an assumed view in Chinese philosophy that the grammatical differences between English or Indo-European languages and classical Chinese explain some of the differences between the Western and Chinese philosophical discourses. Although some philosophers have expressed doubts about the general link between classical Chinese philosophy and syntactic form of classical Chinese, I discuss a specific hypothesis, i. e., the mass-noun hypothesis, in this essay. The mass-noun hypothesis assumes that a linguistic distinction such as between the singular terms and the predicates is sufficient to justify or necessarily leads to a specific ontological distinction such as the distinction between the particular and the universal. I argue that one cannot read off semantic properties simply from syntactic ones and hence the syntactic differences do not automatically translate into the semantic differences between languages, that the syntactic features of Chinese nouns do not have explanatory significance in explaining why the particular-universal problem does not arise in the classical period of Chinese philosophy, and that the part-whole ontology allegedly informed by the mass-noun-like semantics does not provide a natural or intuitive picture of the language-world relation. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V.2011.
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This article traces shifts in Heidegger's stance toward metaphysics after fundamental ontology and argues that these shifts reflect changes in his conceptions of ontological difference and temporality that pave the way for his mature thought. Copyright © 2012 The Pennsylvania State University.
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An interview with Juan-David Nasio. In A Psychoanalyst on the Couch, we find the noted psychoanalyst and Lacan commentator Juan-David Nasio on the analyst's couch himself. In the interview that makes up this book, he provides insight into his forty-year career as a writer and practitioner, elaborating on Freudian and Lacanian concepts important to his work and reflecting on broad issues related to psychology and culture-as well as personal remembrances. The result is an intimate and wide-ranging look at the man and thinker, both an introduction to his work and a deeper look at his approach and outlook. © 2012 State University of New York. All rights reserved.
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