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Proposed that the cue of relative size may facilitate depth perception in accordance with a crossed or uncrossed disparity in stereograms in which both tendencies are equally represented. A concurrent concept was that the latency associated with the perception of depth in random-dot stereograms may be due, in part, to a cue conflict between binocular disparity and relative size. 4 male and 2 female graduate students were given 8 presentations of 5 stereographic stimuli, in which disparity was ambiguous but relative size was systematically altered. Ss were tested for direction of depth preferences and response latency. Both the relative-size effects and an uncrossed disparity bias were evidenced in the data. The latter effect was attributed to binocular rivalry between dissimilar elements in the stereoscopic half-fields. It is concluded that depth cue relationships are more complex than had been suggested by simple dominance theories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved). © 1971 American Psychological Association.

A tutoring program for first grade inner city children, employing student teachers as tutors, was developed and evaluated. Tutoring had no discernible effects on performance on the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability. However, tutored children were placed in the highest reading group, and were rated by the regular classroom teacher as having completed the first grade reading series more often than controls. Tutors saw their children as becoming more responsive over time. Classroom teachers rated the tutored children as more competent in the classroom, more confident, and as viewing the classroom as more benevolent. In contrast to controls, student teachers maintained favorable attitudes toward teaching in the inner city, and they claimed to have benefited in practice teaching from their tutoring experience. However, relatively few actually took teaching positions in inner city schools after completing their training. © 1972 Behavioral Publications, Inc.

Distinguishes between legal, ethical, and egalitarian principles involving hospitalization of persons alleged to be mentally ill. With regard to the question of legality, the need for compilation and distribution of relevant information and for informing patients of their rights is discussed. The boundaries of psychologists' professional and personal ethics are viewed as helping patients obtain services which they are personally unable to provide and insuring that the welfare of the patient is placed before the interests of the institution. Egalitarian issues are discussed with regard to: (a) judging whether a mental patient is responsible for his words and actions; (b) the patient's right to accept, reject, or select treatment; and (c) hospitalization of general medical patients and their rights to be informed about their condition, to be notified of test results, and to know the name, quantity, and expected reaction to drugs they are given. It is suggested that psychologists have too long been silent on these issues and in the face of abuses, and that more discussion and stands on them are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved). © 1970 American Psychological Association.

The theoretical basis for the Analysis of Means Technique is discussed. In addition, a simplified working procedure is outlined, step-by-step for an actual problem. The data for the problem are analyzed by the analysis of means techniques, which compares differences between means instead of population variances estimates. The data are also analyzed by the analysis of variance technique. The conclusions reached by both techniques are the same. The graphical representation of the ANOM is helpful in understanding data. The ANOM technique is usually used in conjunction with the analysis of variance, either as an initial analysis of data or to augment the analysis of variance. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

We investigate the response of an atmosphere of argon to solar ultra-violet radiation. With the assumption that Mercury has an argon atmosphere that is optically thick to ionizing radiation the intensities of the ultra-violet dayglow lines resulting from photoelectron impact are calculated. For most of the model atmospheres, the predicted intensities are above the detection threshold of the 1973 Venus-Mercury ultra-violet spectrometer of Broadfoot, McElroy and Belton. © 1973.

Consider a finite t + r − 1 dimensional projective space PG(t + r − 1, s) over a Galois field GF(s) of order s = ϱh, where ϱ and h are positive integers and ϱ is the prime characteristic of the field. A collection of k points in PG (t + r − 1, s) constitutes an L(t, k)-set if no t of them are linearly dependent. An L(t, k)-set is maximal if there exists no other L(t, k′)-set with k′ > k. The largest k for which an L(t, k)-set exists is denoted by Mt(t + r, s). K. A. Bush [3] established that Mt(t, s) = t + 1 for t ⩾ s. The purpose of this paper is to generalize this result and study Mt(t + r, s) for t, r, and s in certain relationships.

Consider a finite (t + r - 1)-dimensional projective space PG(t + r - 1, s) based on the Galois field GF(s), where s is prime or power of a prime. A set of k distinct points in PG(t + r - 1, s), no t-linearly dependent, is called a (k, t)-set and such a set is said to be maximal if it is not contained in any other (k*, t)-set with k* > k. The number of points in a maximal (k, t)-set with the largest k is denoted by mt(t + r, s). Our purpose in the paper is to investigate the conditions under which two or more points can be adjoined to the basic set of Ei, i = 1, 2, ..., t + r, where Ei is a point with one in i-th position and zeros elsewhere. The problem has several applications in the theory of fractionally replicated designs and information theory. © 1973.

Consider a finite r-dimensional projective space PG(r, s) based on the Galois field GF(s) where s is prime or power of a prime. A set of n distinct points in PG(r, s), no t linearly dependent, is said to be maximal or complete if it is not contained in any other set with n* points with n* > n. The number of points in a maximal set is denoted by mt(r + 1, s). The purpose of this paper is to improve the existing bounds for m5(r + 1, s) for r ≥ 5 and s ≥ 5 (odd). The investigation of maximal sets in certain relationships of t, r and s yields parity check matrices of (r + 1) rows and n columns with elements from GF(s) satisfying the condition that no t columns are linearly dependent. This problem has applications to coding theory and also in the theory of fractionally replicated designs. © 1972 Academic Press, Inc.

This investigation was originally motivated by the problem of determining the maximum number of points in finite n-dimensional projective space PG(n, s) based on the Galois field GF(s) of order s=ph (where p and h are positive integers and p is the prime characteristic of the field), such that no t of these chosen points are linearly dependent. A set of k distinct points in PG(n, s), no t linearly dependent, is called a (k, t)-set for k1 >k. The maximum value of k is denoted by mt (n+1, s). The purpose of this paper is to find new upper bounds for some values of n, s and t. These bounds are of importance in the experimental design and information theory problems. © 1971 Institute of Statistical Mathematics.

Cochran’s Q test for differences between related-sample percentages or proportions has generally been incorrectly presented in secondary sources. The most common mistake results from failure to recognize that rows containing only 1’s or only 0’s, i.e., only successes or only failures, do not affect the value of Q. The F test, however, is affected by such rows. The probabilities from the χ2 and F approximations are compared with the exact probabilities in three sets of data. A rule of thumb, based on extensive study of the distribution of 0 in small samples, is given as an aid in judging when the χ2 approximation is satisfactory for practical purposes. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

"E. J. Murphy, History of African Civilization. New York, Crowell, 1972, pp. 430, xxlv, maps, plates, $ 14.35" published on 01 Jan 1975 by Brill.

On the north side of Napatree Beach, short-term changes of the beach-face within the intertidal zone were studied to determine those processes most influential in causing change where nearshore processes are low in magnitude and beach changes are subtle. The data were subjected to multiple linear correlation and stepwise multiple-regression analyses. Tide level accounts for 41% of the explained variation for the relationship between the processes and beach height. Tide level is the only significant element effecting change in the beach profile. Wave height has no influence on changes in beach morphology. Significant results of beach energy associations have been obtained where low-amplitude nearshore processes are present even when beach changes are subtle. © 1975.

While land boundaries have occupied the attention of Israelis since 1948 and even earlier, they have been little concerned with the sea, and the legislation concerning their maritime boundaries is vague and incomplete. In addition, since the Six Day War Israel occupies territory with several different territorial seas, resulting in a quite complex ad hoc situation. The sea is becoming more important to Israel and she is gradually turning her attention more and more to maritime matters. It would be well if an orderly system of maritime boundaries and cooperation in utilizing the resources of the sea could be arranged with her neighbors, but that seems impossible for the forseeable future. It does seem likely, however, that in connection with or shortly after the forthcoming Law of the Sea Conference, Israel will as a minimum extend her territorial sea from six miles to twelve, while stoutly maintaining the right of free transit through international straits. © 1974 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

There existed clear demonstrations of nationalism in geography textbooks written by Americans during two significant epochs in the history of the United States. Geographies regarded the environment, people or institutions of the United States either with extreme adulation or subtle pride. They viewed the nation favorably when its strengths and weaknesses were compared to each other or to foreign elements, even when objective evidence did not support such an assessment. And, finally, they reached a host of young and impressionable Americans, and instilled in them a fervor for their country. © 1970 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Beersheba has changed from a small agricultural settlement in pre-Biblical times to a city of importance in modern Israel. The wells and fertile loess soils of the Beersheba Basin have been utilized by all who have occupied the area. From 3300 B.C. to the present, Beersheba has functioned as an oasis, market town, military center, transportation node, and as a traditional gathering place for the Bedouin tribes of the Negev, Israel's southern desert. In 1900, the Ottoman Turks initiated the modern development of Beersheba. After World War I, the British administered the area as part of the Palestine Mandate. With the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, the city began to grow rapidly. In the early 1960′s, Beersheba had a population of over 52,000. It functions as the capital of a region containing over two-thirds of the national area. © 1965, Taylor & Francis Group. All rights reserved.