Your search

A knowledge of normal articulation is needed before the prosthodontist can assess the compensatory articulation used by glossectomy patients. The amount and portion of tongue resected is directly correlated with speech intelligibility. The loss of the tip of the tongue is more critical to intelligibility than a hemiglossectomy. Partial glossectomy speakers can often use the residual tongue stump to perform adaptive movements that approximate normal movements and should be treated as an articulation problem. The compensatory articulation used by the total glossectomy patient was reviewed. The prosthodontic management of patients with partial tongue resection often includes lowering the palatal vault, while the management of the total glossectomy patient usually requires a mandibular tongue prosthesis. These prostheses can be refined with the use of multiview videofluoroscopy, videotaping, and spectrographic analysis. © 1985.

In order to avoid obtaining variable measurement data it is critical to control pressure applied to the tongue by positioning clamps used in lingual vibrotactile research. A pressure sensing plate, associated electronics, and procedures are described which, when employed with positioning clamps in current use, will permit monitoring lingual pressure during vibrotactile investigations.

The effect of different levels of a multiple-talker background noise on the intelligibility of normal, esophageal, and electrolaryngeal speech was investigated. A superior laryngectomized male speaker and a normal-age matched male speaker produced the speech stimuli used in the study. Audiotape recordings of the speakers were presented to panels of naive listeners. The data from the listeners' responses revealed significant differences in the intelligibility of normal, esophageal, and electrolaryngeal speech as a function of the background noise level. The data did not indicate a superiority of one form of alaryngeal speech over the other in adverse noise conditions. © 1983.

A procedure and method is described to determine the frequency or pitch of tape-recorded voice samples, while keeping the cost of measurement within the reach of practicing clinicians. The method described reduces the uncertainty of pitch determination by comparison techniques and improves the accuracy of clinical estimation of fundamental vocal frequency and pitch. The accuracy, reliability, cost, and ease with which the method can be used makes it a viable tool to be used by the clinician. © 1981.

The concept "discounting health" is proposed as a heuristic model for analysis of differing perceptions concerning "cost-benefit", as these relate to systems of health care. This procedure became necessary during analysis of data gathered in rural Ethiopia to measure the effectiveness of new Health Centers. Ethnological research accompanying the quantitative study of health attitudes found that "subsistence anxiety" dominated all other concerns of the majority in the rural areas. The landless peasant sharecropper and his divorced wife represent the most prevalent social problem in Ethiopia. Holistic solutions should include some form of social security and safe wells, so that the population can stop "discounting health". © 1973.

Special education in the United States services a diverse population, including those students whose academic performance falls at the ends of the normal distribution. This article challenges the assumption that a continuum of learning opportunities appropriate for exceptional persons is possible when the concept of the normal distribution is used. An alternate model, a bull's-eye, is suggested to accommodate the openended potential for the gifted population. © 1990 A B Academic Publishers Printed in Great Britain.

The research reported in this paper is an exploration of children's understandings of the concept and experience of interpersonal conflict. Data were gathered at focus group discussions with 7- to 16-year-old children. The analysis which is presented focuses on the children's metaphors of conflict as a place, conflict as an explosion and conflict as betrayal. Children's own descriptions of their experiences and understandings are emphasized. Thus, to the extent possible, what is presented is an examination of children's perspectives/voices as opposed to adult-centered analyses of children's experiences.

This case is about a family-owned discount store chain that was unable to survive much beyond its founder. It tells the story of a first-generation American family and its struggle to grow and prosper in a family business during the early 1900s. The case takes the reader through the business' growth, maturity, decline, and, ultimately, its demise in 1991, which was brought about by issues such as organizational structure, the role of family in the family business, lack of succession planning, and myopic strategic planning. The author uses fictitious names, dates, and places to protect the surviving family members' privacy, and to ensure confidentiality.

Max M. Mintz; Battles of the Revolutionary War, 1775–1781. By W. J. Wood. (Chapel Hill: Algonquin, 1990. xxxii + 315 pp. $24.95.), Journal of American History,

Nehama Aschkenasy Eves Journey: Feminine Images in Hebraic Literary Tradition Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986. ISBN 0‐8122‐8033‐4. Hardcover, $36.95. Pp. xv+269. Copyright © 1991, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

Autorías: Louise Spear-Swerling, Robert J. Sternberg. Año de publicación: 1996. Libro en Dialnet.

The relationship between religiosity and environmentalism has previously been examined by studying conservative versus liberal Christian affiliation. This study explores environmentalist attitudes amongst persons whose religiosity does not fit conventional patterns: the so-called “alternative” or “countercultural” spiritual community (e.g, New Age, Neo-Paganism). This network of individuals finds commonalty and solidarity not through organizational ties or a singular theology, but through an overriding ideology that challenges the alleged rigidity and dualistic dogma of mainstream society, and so suggests a new form of social movement. Central to this critique of the mainstream is the notion that the earth is just as sacred as the “heavens,” and so by preserving the earth, one is being “spiritual. “ Excerpts from in-depth interviews with 22 alternative spiritualists feature numerous key environmental/spiritual themes. These excerpts indicate that issues such as religiosity, “liberal” versus “conservative” affiliation, and environmental politics can take on different meanings when explored outside of mainline Christianity.

An important debate among court observers is whether plea bargaining undermines the ideals of justice. This article presents findings that may reconcile some inconsistent research conclusions. It describes how, prior to plea bargaining, one group of court-appointed defense attorneys gauges the strength of evidence through a tacit, taken-for-granted process that emulates trial proceedings: based on their understanding of evidence in the legal community, defenders imagine a courtroom dialogue wherein the prosecution and defense take turns presenting their cases in front of a judge and jury. At issue throughout the dialogue is whether or to what extent information is sufficient, legal, and persuasive enough to convict the defendant. Because the process is part of the defenders' ongoing and unspoken daily routines, it may elude unsuspecting investigators. Ironically, this means not only that some analysts may inappropriately conclude that legal ideals play no role in plea bargaining but also that: others may ingenuously assume that such behavior is more ethical than it actually is.

Through presentation of ethnographic research findings on court-appointed defense attorneys, this article examines plea bargaining as a component of a recursive process for deciding whether a case should be settled immediately or proceed further. The decisionmaking process has three types of activities: assessing the offer for a guilty plea, negotiating the terms of a plea bargain, and counseling the defendant and deciding on a course of action. Until a criminal case is actually settled either through a final plea agreement or a jury trial, this decisionmaking process occurs over and over again. Viewed as a component of this recursive process, plea bargaining encompasses multiple episodes of negotiating behavior as well as a wide range of formal litigation proceedings. Perhaps more important, plea bargaining and trial procedures can actually be seen to converge. I conclude that this mode of plea bargaining is not merely an effective method for representing defendants but perhaps equally or more effective than trial. Some important limitations of the findings are also discussed.

Increasingly, grandmothers are parenting grandchildren in homes where parental presence is sporadic or nonexistent. A disproportionate percentage of African American grandparents fall in this category. The author reviews the literature on the African American grandmother in the context of the African American family and describes a practice model for service provision to those women who seek support as they “parent again.”