Your search

We report a new measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetries for dijet production in collisions of polarized protons at s = 200     GeV . Correlations between the proton spin and the transverse momenta of its partons, each perpendicular to the proton momentum direction, are probed at high Q 2 ≈ 160     GeV 2 . Evidence for nonzero Sivers effects is measured for the first time in dijets from proton-proton collisions, but only when the jets are sorted by their net charge, which enhances the otherwise canceling opposite-sign u - or d -quark contributions to separate data samples. The resulting asymmetries are compared to recent theoretical calculations. Separately, the associated Sivers observable ⟨ k T ⟩ , the average parton transverse momentum, is extracted using a simple kinematics approach which further enables a determination of the individual partonic contributions to the observed asymmetries.

What ethical values and principles should guide and govern AI entities? This is just one of many AI-related questions facing the world today. Another question—perhaps even more important—is Can ethical values and principles be instilled into AI entities to guide and govern them? The present essay addresses the question of whether Flourishing Ethics is potentially a global ethical framework that prioritizes human flourishing while, at the same time, accommodating cultural diversity. It focuses upon possible use of LLMs to create moral advisers; and it is intended to support current worldwide efforts to keep AI developments within the bounds of universal ethical principles.

Public health outcomes can be heavily influenced by the landscape of public opinion; hence, it is important to understand how that landscape changes over time. For one, opinions on public health issues are responsive to official pronouncements, whether from the governmental or professional medical establishments. Additionally, in today’s world of high speed communication, opinion can also be highly responsive to the broadcast opinions of “influencers” whose large numbers of followers assure them of a broad reach. To understand the opinion landscape in a general sense, we develop an ordinary differential equation model for opinion change that is based primarily on attraction to prominent sources whose opinions are independent of the opinions of others. The individual opinion change model is then used to develop a Fokker–Planck-type partial differential equation model for the overall opinion landscape. This model is shown to have a stable equilibrium solution, and the dependence of the equilibrium solution on key model parameters is illustrated with examples based on opinion regarding vaccination. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the associated Sturm–Liouville problem are determined numerically by two methods, one by using numerical solutions of the partial differential equation and the other by applying a shooting method directly to the eigenvalue problem.

The global ocean is an invaluable resource, upon which many communities rely, yet little is understood about the complexity of human-ocean relationships, and why we maintain the relationships with the ocean that we do. Ocean identity (OI) is an emerging construct which can be used to understand these relationships and can serve as a mechanism for improved human–ocean interactions. In order to explore OI, three focus groups were held with ocean outreach, engagement, and education experts (n = 12×) from several organizations in Connecticut, USA. The 40–60 min online focus groups were balanced between two areas of inquiry. © 2026 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

We report the first measurement of one- and two-point energy correlators within jets in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at s = 200     GeV , using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These observables quantify the energy-weighted angular distribution of single hadrons and hadron pairs within jets, respectively. Sizable spin-dependent asymmetries are observed for π + , π − , and π + π − pairs, revealing the onset of nonperturbative dynamics at specific angular scales. By projecting the fragmentation dynamics onto Mellin moments, these measurements provide sensitivity to the nucleon’s transversity while minimizing uncertainties from nonperturbative fragmentation functions. These results establish energy correlators as a novel and precise probe of nucleon structure and open a promising avenue for three-dimensional nucleon tomography at the future Electron-Ion Collider.

Click to launch & play an online audio visual presentation by Dr. Bogdan Zamfir on Technology for individuals with autism spectrum disorders, part of a collection of multimedia lectures.

When elementary-aged children read unknown polysyllabic words, they must parse the orthographic input in order to decode it. Prior studies have not shown clearly whether syllables—as opposed to letters or morphemes—are perceptual units, particularly in children. Children in second, third, and fourth grade (N = 123) with and without reading difficulty (RD) were asked to read polysyllabic pseudowords (N = 98), and their accuracy, response time (onset latency), and response length (fluency) were recorded. In explanatory item-response analyses, the number of syllables in a word was negatively associated with pronunciation accuracy, latency, and fluency, even when accounting for the number of letters and morphemes. A syllable-by-grade interaction for onset latency showed that the syllable effect was smaller in higher grades, suggesting ongoing development of automaticity with syllabic features. A syllable-by-RD interaction for onset latency and fluency showed a smaller syllable effect for students with RD, suggesting that polysyllabic word processing is challenging for these students at all syllable lengths. The presence of negative syllable effects when accounting for the number of letters and presence of morphemes suggests that syllables are unique sublexical units that require reader attention when pronouncing unfamiliar written words. The mechanisms posited to explain these large negative effects include the need to parse printed words into orthographic syllables, inconsistency in the pronunciation of vowels in polysyllabic words, and the need to assign lexical stress. Overall, the results provide strong evidence that words’ syllabic features require processing that makes words with more syllables harder for elementary-age readers, regardless of the number of letters in the words, and that the degree to which syllabic features impact student performance depends on their age and reading ability.

Background Hispanic adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have suboptimal access to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Widening access to and increasing uptake of CGM for Hispanic adults with T1D are warranted. Objective This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate the feasibility of a federally qualified health center (FQHC) CGM intervention and assess for an intervention signal in patient outcomes. Methods A mixed methods, pragmatic pilot RCT will be used. A total of 30 adult Hispanic patients with T1D will be recruited from 4 FQHC sites allocated to provide the intervention (n=2) or control (n=2) conditions. At intervention sites, participants must be willing to use CGM for 3 months and have a willing adult family member participate in the study. Guided by the socioecological model, our intervention has three levels: (1) individual (culturally sensitive CGM information, motivation, and skills acquisition), (2) family or social networks (integration of the core Hispanic values of familismo and collectivismo to leverage family and peer support for CGM uptake), and (3) health care provider levels with CGM training using Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes). Intervention participants (n=15) will receive a culturally sensitive CGM intervention with 4 weekly intervention sessions (coattended by a family member), followed by 7 peer support group sessions over 6 months. Control participants will receive a self-monitoring of blood glucose control condition over a 6-month period. Study feasibility will be assessed in terms of recruitment, enrollment, retention, adherence, study procedures and implementation, and acceptability with mixed methods. We will collect physiological (eg, glycated hemoglobin and CGM metrics) and psychosocial (eg, depression, quality of life, social support, and interpersonal processes of care) outcome data. Feasibility data will be analyzed using content analysis and univariate or bivariate statistics. Linear and generalized linear mixed modeling will assess intervention signals and clinically meaningful differences from baseline to 3 and 6 months. Results Funding for this project was secured in September 2022. As of May 2024, recruitment commenced following formative qualitative data collection on the social determinants of health and CGM uptake in Hispanic adults with T1D (N=32). Our community advisory board informed protocol modifications by reviewing qualitative findings, collaborating on related intervention refinement, and advising on cultural sensitivity methods. Conclusions Guided by the socioecological model, our novel FQHC CGM intervention will provide feasibility and outcome data to guide a full-scale RCT. Our intervention model has unique potential to widen CGM access and increase CGM uptake in low-income Hispanic adults with T1D while improving outcomes for this vulnerable population. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06487962; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06487962 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/60583

An investigation of the issues affecting the teaching of Shakespeare in non-elite public universities and private liberal arts colleges in the US, combined with a set of imaginative responses to those problems.Shakespeare in Tempestuous Times investigates the place of Shakespeare where almost all US students encounter his work-at non–elite public universities and small liberal arts colleges. Increasingly, these students are taught by contingent or overstretched tenured professors. Growth in higher education has been constant over the past fifty years, fueled by democratization. But lately, democratization has lost its allure: higher education is too expensive, too politicized, and students and families think hard about the investment. And now higher education faces another daunting challenge, a demographic cliff, beginning in 2026: a reduction of approximately 15% in the college-age cohort in the decade following. Already over the past ten years, for-profit institutions have failed, small non-profit four-year colleges have closed, and many public state systems have consolidated. More will follow. How do professors cope aboard what feels like a sinking ship? This volume offers answers to that question, while assessing the limits of those answers by highlighting the structural constraints we face. Colleagues are becoming generalists, or even do not teach literature at all; Shakespeare, long considered untouchable, now struggles to survive; Shakespeareans, too. This is the hand we are dealt, which we must play whether we acknowledge it, see it as a double bind, or choose to ignore it altogether. On the Titanic, the orchestra played familiar, upbeat pieces as the ship went down, trying to prevent panic. Heroic, true, but what this volume explores is whether preventing panic by reciting what's familiar is the answer we need.

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is ...