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A tutoring program for first grade inner city children, employing student teachers as tutors, was developed and evaluated. Tutoring had no discernible effects on performance on the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability. However, tutored children were placed in the highest reading group, and were rated by the regular classroom teacher as having completed the first grade reading series more often than controls. Tutors saw their children as becoming more responsive over time. Classroom teachers rated the tutored children as more competent in the classroom, more confident, and as viewing the classroom as more benevolent. In contrast to controls, student teachers maintained favorable attitudes toward teaching in the inner city, and they claimed to have benefited in practice teaching from their tutoring experience. However, relatively few actually took teaching positions in inner city schools after completing their training. © 1972 Behavioral Publications, Inc.
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Distinguishes between legal, ethical, and egalitarian principles involving hospitalization of persons alleged to be mentally ill. With regard to the question of legality, the need for compilation and distribution of relevant information and for informing patients of their rights is discussed. The boundaries of psychologists' professional and personal ethics are viewed as helping patients obtain services which they are personally unable to provide and insuring that the welfare of the patient is placed before the interests of the institution. Egalitarian issues are discussed with regard to: (a) judging whether a mental patient is responsible for his words and actions; (b) the patient's right to accept, reject, or select treatment; and (c) hospitalization of general medical patients and their rights to be informed about their condition, to be notified of test results, and to know the name, quantity, and expected reaction to drugs they are given. It is suggested that psychologists have too long been silent on these issues and in the face of abuses, and that more discussion and stands on them are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved). © 1970 American Psychological Association.
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We investigate the response of an atmosphere of argon to solar ultra-violet radiation. With the assumption that Mercury has an argon atmosphere that is optically thick to ionizing radiation the intensities of the ultra-violet dayglow lines resulting from photoelectron impact are calculated. For most of the model atmospheres, the predicted intensities are above the detection threshold of the 1973 Venus-Mercury ultra-violet spectrometer of Broadfoot, McElroy and Belton. © 1973.
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Consider a finite t + r − 1 dimensional projective space PG(t + r − 1, s) over a Galois field GF(s) of order s = ϱh, where ϱ and h are positive integers and ϱ is the prime characteristic of the field. A collection of k points in PG (t + r − 1, s) constitutes an L(t, k)-set if no t of them are linearly dependent. An L(t, k)-set is maximal if there exists no other L(t, k′)-set with k′ > k. The largest k for which an L(t, k)-set exists is denoted by Mt(t + r, s). K. A. Bush [3] established that Mt(t, s) = t + 1 for t ⩾ s. The purpose of this paper is to generalize this result and study Mt(t + r, s) for t, r, and s in certain relationships.
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Consider a finite (t + r - 1)-dimensional projective space PG(t + r - 1, s) based on the Galois field GF(s), where s is prime or power of a prime. A set of k distinct points in PG(t + r - 1, s), no t-linearly dependent, is called a (k, t)-set and such a set is said to be maximal if it is not contained in any other (k*, t)-set with k* > k. The number of points in a maximal (k, t)-set with the largest k is denoted by mt(t + r, s). Our purpose in the paper is to investigate the conditions under which two or more points can be adjoined to the basic set of Ei, i = 1, 2, ..., t + r, where Ei is a point with one in i-th position and zeros elsewhere. The problem has several applications in the theory of fractionally replicated designs and information theory. © 1973.
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Consider a finite r-dimensional projective space PG(r, s) based on the Galois field GF(s) where s is prime or power of a prime. A set of n distinct points in PG(r, s), no t linearly dependent, is said to be maximal or complete if it is not contained in any other set with n* points with n* > n. The number of points in a maximal set is denoted by mt(r + 1, s). The purpose of this paper is to improve the existing bounds for m5(r + 1, s) for r ≥ 5 and s ≥ 5 (odd). The investigation of maximal sets in certain relationships of t, r and s yields parity check matrices of (r + 1) rows and n columns with elements from GF(s) satisfying the condition that no t columns are linearly dependent. This problem has applications to coding theory and also in the theory of fractionally replicated designs. © 1972 Academic Press, Inc.
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This investigation was originally motivated by the problem of determining the maximum number of points in finite n-dimensional projective space PG(n, s) based on the Galois field GF(s) of order s=ph (where p and h are positive integers and p is the prime characteristic of the field), such that no t of these chosen points are linearly dependent. A set of k distinct points in PG(n, s), no t linearly dependent, is called a (k, t)-set for k1 >k. The maximum value of k is denoted by mt (n+1, s). The purpose of this paper is to find new upper bounds for some values of n, s and t. These bounds are of importance in the experimental design and information theory problems. © 1971 Institute of Statistical Mathematics.
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Cochran’s Q test for differences between related-sample percentages or proportions has generally been incorrectly presented in secondary sources. The most common mistake results from failure to recognize that rows containing only 1’s or only 0’s, i.e., only successes or only failures, do not affect the value of Q. The F test, however, is affected by such rows. The probabilities from the χ2 and F approximations are compared with the exact probabilities in three sets of data. A rule of thumb, based on extensive study of the distribution of 0 in small samples, is given as an aid in judging when the χ2 approximation is satisfactory for practical purposes. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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