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This study sought to understand why college students are food insecure and what the impact is on their academics. A generic qualitative study design was utilized that consisted of written surveys and semi-structured interviews. Participants (n = 19) self-identified as food insecure based upon their answers to the 6-item Short Form Food Security Survey Module. Two researchers independently coded the data for themes and patterns. Risk factors for food insecurity included finances, time, and lack of resources/skills to provide for healthy eating. Time and money put commuter students at risk for food insecurity. While students within this convenience sample reported negative impacts on their academic achievement from food insecurity, their coping mechanisms prioritized cost and convenience over food quality, possibly exacerbating their situation.College food insecurity is a complex issue and raw measurements may not paint a complete picture. Conflicting priorities in addition to income and time pressures mean that interventions should be tailored from current approaches. Colleges may need to find unique ways to ensure food security for at risk students within financial aid packages and/or university programs to ensure student success.

Coastal ecosystems experience substantial natural fluctuations in pCO2 and dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions on diel, tidal, seasonal and interannual timescales. Rising carbon dioxide emissions and anthropogenic nutrient input are expected to increase these pCO2 and DO cycles in severity and duration of acidification and hypoxia. How coastal marine organisms respond to natural pCO2 × DO variability and future climate change remains largely unknown. Here, we assess the impact of static and cycling pCO2 × DO conditions of various magnitudes and frequencies on early life survival and growth of an important coastal forage fish, Menidia menidia. Static low DO conditions severely decreased embryo survival, larval survival, time to 50% hatch, size at hatch and post-larval growth rates. Static elevated pCO2 did not affect most response traits, however, a synergistic negative effect did occur on embryo survival under hypoxic conditions (3.0 mg L-1). Cycling pCO2 × DO, however, reduced these negative effects of static conditions on all response traits with the magnitude of fluctuations influencing the extent of this reduction. This indicates that fluctuations in pCO2 and DO may benefit coastal organisms by providing periodic physiological refuge from stressful conditions, which could promote species adaptability to climate change.

Purpose: Injury to the dominant left brain hemisphere can lead to specific language deficits such as aphasia, or to the cognitive processes that support language such as attention and working memory. Language is heavily supported through the auditory modality, which is a key area of deficit in acquired language disorders, and recovery of auditory processing is a prerequisite to recovery of other language modalities. A specific auditory processing deficit that has been identified following neurologic injury is dichotic listening. Some researchers have suggested that dichotic listening can be strengthened through the use of a dichotic listening training paradigm, although the impact of this training for adults with neurological injury is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dichotic listening training improved dichotic listening performance as well as auditory comprehension in individuals with neurological injuries.Method: Five individuals with a history of acquired language deficits who met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in the dichotic listening training for four to six weeks. Dichotic listening and language comprehension skills were evaluated pre- and post-training.Results: Results indicated all participants progressed through a range of dichotic listening tasks during training, and four of the five individuals improved on at least one of the dichotic listening tests post-treatment. All of the participants demonstrated some improvement in auditory processing/comprehension of complex commands.Conclusions: Dichotic listening training has the potential to positively influence dichotic listening and auditory comprehension skills in adults with neurological injury.

How can school psychologists effectively address and respond to the myriad needs of students in our nation’s schools? As these needs are ever-growing and diversifying, should the profession of school psychology consider mirroring this diversification through the promotion of specialized skill sets? Such efforts would echo the development of related disciplines of education, medicine, and psychology, disciplines that have long recognized the need for the division of skills and services in specified areas to meet the developing needs of their profession. We present and discuss questions related to specializations in school psychology under a broad subject of the potential for additional concentrated skill-based training to better impact service delivery and student outcomes. In exploring these questions, consideration is given to the ever-increasing needs of the schools coupled with the goal of school psychology: to empower school psychologists to promote the learning, behavior, and mental health of all children and youth. With very preliminary data in mind, the following areas are presented, with no particular order or emphasis, as potential topics and areas from which to build communities of discussion and exploration: bilingual–multilingual, behavior analytic, autism, and counseling, with introduction to other areas such as research, preschool/early childhood, neuropsychology, and leadership. Implications and recommendations for future directions are also discussed.

Quark interactions with topological gluon configurations can induce chirality imbalance and local parity violation in quantum chromodynamics. This can lead to electric charge separation along the strong magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions – the chiral magnetic effect (CME). We report measurements by the STAR collaboration of a CME-sensitive observable in p+Au and d+Au collisions at 200 GeV, where the CME is not expected, using charge-dependent pair correlations relative to a third particle. We observe strong charge-dependent correlations similar to those measured in heavy-ion collisions. This bears important implications for the interpretation of the heavy-ion data.

In the last 20 years, there has been an exponential increase in research about food in prison. Given this growing interest, it is appropriate to take stock of the field by mapping and synthesizing existing knowledge in order to identify gaps in knowledge and make recommendations for future research. Specifically, the purpose of this scoping review is to understand the experiences of incarcerated people with food in order to inform interventions that will promote positive outcomes for justice-involved individuals and correctional facilities. This review identified 38 peer-reviewed research articles about food in correctional facilities. This sample included qualitative (n = 28) and quantitative (n = 10) research that explored the both the pragmatic and symbolic dimensions of food in these settings. Taken together, this body of research provides a rich description of prison food practices and the implications of these practices on medical, psychological, and sociological outcomes. Moving forward, collaboration between academics, incarcerated people, and correctional practitioners is encouraged in order to develop programs that use this research to improve individual and intuitional outcomes. In addition, while emerging research has begun to develop knowledge about prison food in developing countries, the literature focuses primarily on the US, Canada and Western Europe and there is a need to expand the geographic scope of this inquiry.

Knowledge about women's socio-emotional experience of incarceration is sparse. To address this gap in the research, open-ended interviews were conducted with 9 incarcerated women in Denmark. The inquiry focused on their experiences with prison food and eating, including questions about hygge-related practices. Hygge is a cherished part of Danish culture that encourages people to create cozy environments by sharing food and fellowship. While this warm and comforting practice may seem incongruent with prison, contemporary theory about carceral geography suggests a wide range of emotional spaces within prisons and identifies the central role of incarcerated people and external norms on constructing these spaces. The participants’ narratives describe and explain the role of hygge in Danish prisons. Participants report using food and other props to construct hygge in their cells, in common areas, and with visitors, in order to build safety and manage the harshness of prison life. While these experiences are fleeting, findings suggest that the ability of these women to engage in hygge practices has a deeply positive impact on their lived experience of incarceration. The findings expand understanding about the role of food in prison and inform the practices of correctional facilities.

The demands of the 21st century require a systemic and collaborative perspective to promote the long-term development and success of all children. The purpose of this international comparative study is to investigate students’ mindsets and behaviors for school, college, and career success. The results revealed that there are key factors significantly impact on the students’ perceptions on academic, emotional, and career development. The author hopes this study will add to the limited existent research on educating the whole child. Also, this study should assist in future policies and practices by providing explorative analyses for students’ attitudes or beliefs for achieving their college and career goals.

Lunn, WR and Axtell, RS. Validity and reliability of the Lode Excalibur Sport cycle ergometer for the Wingate Anaerobic Test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2019—Although multiple testing devices advertise Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), capability, reliability, and validity data are sparse. The purpose was to determine whether the Lode Excalibur Sport cycle ergometer is a reliable and valid instrument to conduct the 30-second WAnT when compared with the Monark 894e Peak Bike ergometer. Recreationally active men (n = 49; 20.6 ± 2.5 years; 1.75 ± 0.07 m; and 79.1 ± 9.8 kg) completed four 30-second WAnTs: 2 each on the Lode and the Monark ergometers for peak power (PP), mean power (MP), minimum power (MinP), fatigue index (FI), and peak cadence (vmax) measurement. Interday and interunit correlation, multivariate analysis of variance, regression, and Bland-Altman analysis determined reliability and validity. Cohen's d was used to determine effect size. Relative reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) with 95% confidence interval for Monark and Lode was very high for PP, MP, MinP, and vmax and high for FI (r > 0.83; coefficient of variation ≤ 27.0%; p < 0.01). Interunit correlation was strong for PP, MP, MinP, and vmax (r > 0.75; p < 0.001) and moderate for FI (p = 0.001). Lode PP and FI values were significantly less (p < 0.001; d > 1.18) and MinP, MP, and vmax significantly greater (p ≤ 0.001; d > 0.51) than Monark. Proportional bias was demonstrated for all variables (p < 0.04; d > 2.68) except vmax. The Lode ergometer reliably provides WAnT outcomes and correlates well to the Monark ergometer. However, differences in power values and proportional bias between differently braked instruments prevent use of the Lode ergometer for comparison of WAnT data with normative data generated by the Monark ergometer.

We combine Galaxy Evolution Explorer and Gaia DR2 catalogs to track star formation in the outskirts of our Galaxy. Using photometry, proper motions, and parallaxes we identify a structure of ∼300 OB-type candidates located between 12 and 15 kpc from the Galactic center that are kinematically cold. The structure is located between l =120° and 200°, above the plane up to ∼700 pc and below the plane to ∼1 kpc. The bulk motion is disklike; however, we measure a mean upward vertical motion of 5.7 +0.4 km s-1, and a mean outward radial motion of between 8 and 16 km s-1. The velocity dispersion along the least dispersed of its proper-motion axes (perpendicular to the Galactic disk) is 6.0 +0.3 km s-1, confirming the young age of this structure. While spatially encompassing the outer spiral arm of the Galaxy, this structure is not a spiral arm. Its explanation as the Milky Way warp is equally unsatisfactory. The structure's vertical extent, mean kinematics, and asymmetry with respect to the plane indicate that its origin is more akin to a wobble generated by a massive satellite perturbing the Galaxy's disk. The mean stellar ages in this outer structure indicate the event took place some 200 Myr ago. © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..

We present the discovery of TYC9191-519-1b (TOI-150b, TIC 271893367) and HD271181b (TOI-163b, TIC 179317684), two hot Jupiters initially detected using 30-min cadence Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry from Sector 1 and thoroughly characterized through follow-up photometry (CHAT, Hazelwood, LCO/CTIO, El Sauce, TRAPPIST-S), high-resolution spectroscopy (FEROS, CORALIE), and speckle imaging (Gemini/DSSI), confirming the planetary nature of the two signals. A simultaneous joint fit of photometry and radial velocity using a new fitting package JULIET reveals that TOI-150b is a 1.254 ± 0.016 RJ, massive (2.61+−001912 MJ) hot Jupiter in a 5.857-d orbit, while TOI-163b is an inflated (RP = 1.478+−00022029 RJ, MP = 1.219 ± 0.11 MJ) hot Jupiter on a P = 4.231-d orbit; both planets orbit F-type stars. A particularly interesting result is that TOI-150b shows an eccentric orbit (e = 0.262+−00045037), which is quite uncommon among hot Jupiters. We estimate that this is consistent, however, with the circularization time-scale, which is slightly larger than the age of the system. These two hot Jupiters are both prime candidates for further characterization – in particular, both are excellent candidates for determining spin-orbit alignments via the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect and for characterizing atmospheric thermal structures using secondary eclipse observations considering they are both located closely to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Continuous Viewing Zone (CVZ). © 2018 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Screening for social determinants of health allows health care teams to assess and address social factors that influence one’s health, mental health, and access to care. These social factors include poverty, health literacy, social support, exposure to trauma, food insecurity, and housing instability. The objective of this study was to examine what screening tools for social determinants of health are being used, in what contexts, and with what populations. Findings suggest that health literacy is the most commonly screened for, followed by trauma history, social support, food insecurity and housing across diverse contexts and populations. Results from this study can be used to inform providers of available screening tools and resources that can be readily utilized in practice. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis.

This volume is the first handbook dedicated to language attrition, the study of how a speaker's language may be affected by crosslinguistic interference and non-use. The effects of language attrition can be felt in all aspects of language knowledge, processing, and production, and can offer unique insights into the mind of bilingual language users. In this book, international experts in the field explore a comprehensive range of topics in language attrition, examining its theoretical implications, psycho- and neurolinguistic approaches, linguistic and extralinguistic factors, L2 attrition, and heritage languages. The chapters summarize current research and draw on insights from related fields such as child language development, language contact, language change, pathological developments, and second language acquisition.

This paper examines the risks, accounting practices and disclosures of companies who accept cryptocurrency for the payment of products or services. We provide a brief history of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology that allows the reader to deepen their understanding of the subject before moving on to a discussion of how regulatory bodies such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) are treating the accounting for cryptocurrency transactions.

Privacy concerns have prompted many states to close off once-public information from release through the freedom of information process. This study looks at the personal privacy exemptions for home addresses in 50 states and Washington, D.C., in both 2011 and 2019. There were 16 instances of a change in state law during that time – only three toward more transparency. Voter registration records were the most open of the three categories reviewed, with more than half the states requiring disclosure of home addresses in 2019. This study can help guide journalists, policy makers and records holders as they navigate proposed changes to FOI laws.

Introduction: The number of institutions engaging in research with potentially biohazardous materials has increased, indicating a need for newly formed Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBCs) in the United States and for similar biorisk management committees located outside the United States. Our institution identified the need for an IBC due to the growth of pertinent activities on campus. Objectives: This article shares our experiences creating a new IBC at our institution from September 2017 to April 2019. Our lessons learned and approaches to the challenges faced may be helpful to others finding themselves with similar needs. Methods: In this case study, we outline IBC membership, documents, relationships with federal agencies and within the institution, creation of registration forms, and the review process. Along with our account, we have included links to helpful resources from federal agencies. Results: At the time of the submission of this article, we have established our IBC and reviewed two registrations. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates the successful creation of an IBC that works for our current institutional needs. © ABSA International 2019.

The Voices Should Be Heard community-based participatory research project provided a platform for individuals experiencing homelessness to share their life stories and experiences. Participants offered their reflections on the oppression of homelessness and how the service delivery system could be improved. This article synthesizes these reflections and offers recommendations for practice aimed at reducing the oppression of homelessness and promoting social change. Using a strengths-based perspective, we offer points of entry for working with individuals experiencing homelessness.

There is a lack of qualitative and strengths-based knowledge about the lived experience of transgender women of color in the US. To address this research gap, a Photovoice project was undertaken with five transgender women living in a small urban area. Thematic analysis of the participants' discussion of their photographs identified three major themes: Hope, courage, and resilience. Analysis suggests a framework for understanding these women's lived experiences and the psychosocial tools that they use to negotiate their daily lives and persevere in the face of interpersonal and structural oppression. © 2019 Nova Southeastern University. All rights reserved.