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This chapter describes and analyzes an ongoing project of memorialization of the Armenian Genocide in Turkey. It explores the importance of memorialization for collective historical memory, especially in situations where historical memory has been subverted by genocide denial. Among many aspects of memorialization, its role in bearing witness is explored and highlighted. Three components of the memory project are described: (1) the photography exhibitions, (2) the publications, and (3) the creation of memory sites. The project centers on the story of the Dildilian family in Ottoman Turkey before, during, and after the genocide, covering the years 1872–1923. A microhistory of the life of the Armenian minority is chronicled by means of the personal memories and stories of members of the family. The history is richly illustrated with photographs and drawings that serve as the basis of the photography exhibitions and books. Exhibitions and associated talks and panels have taken place in Istanbul, Merzifon, Diyarbakir, and Ankara. The chapter describes and analyzes the reaction of the Turkish public to the project.

This book explores the memory and representation of genocide as they affect individuals, communities and families, and artistic representations. It brings together a variety of disciplines from public health to philosophy, anthropology to architecture, offering readers interdisciplinary and international insights into one of the most important challenges in the 21st century. The book begins by describing the definitions and concepts of genocide from historical and philosophical perspectives. Next, it reviews memories of genocide in bodies and in societies as well as genocide in memory through lives, mental health and transgenerational effects. The book also examines the ways genocide has affected artistic works. From poetry to film, photography to theatre, it explores a range of artistic approaches to help demonstrate the heterogeneity of representations. This book provides a comprehensive and wide-ranging assessment of the many ways genocide has been remembered and represented. It presents an ideal foundation for understanding genocide and possibly preventing it from occurring again

IntroductionIntrapartum emergencies occur infrequently but require a prompt and competent response from the midwife to prevent morbidity and mortality of the woman, fetus, and newborn. Simulation provides the opportunity for student midwives to develop competence in a safe environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-rater reliability of the McMahon Competence Assessment Instrument (MCAI) for use with student midwives during a simulated shoulder dystocia scenario. MethodsA pilot study using a nonprobability convenience sample was used to evaluate the MCAI. Content validity indices were calculated for the individual items and the overall instrument using data from a panel of expert reviewers. Fourteen student midwives consented to be video recorded while participating in a simulated shoulder dystocia scenario. Three faculty raters used the MCAI to evaluate the student performance. These quantitative data were used to determine the inter-rater reliability of the MCAI. ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the inter-rater reliability of MCAI scores between 2 or more raters. The ICC was 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.96). Fleiss's kappa was calculated to determine the inter-rater reliability for individual items. Twenty-three of the 42 items corresponded to excellent strength of agreement. DiscussionThis study demonstrates a method to determine the inter-rater reliability of a competence assessment instrument to be used with student midwives. Data produced by this study were used to revise and improve the instrument. Additional research will further document the inter-rater reliability and can be used to determine changes in student competence. Valid and reliable methods of assessment will encourage the use of simulation to efficiently develop the competence of student midwives.

This chapter presents a review of the multi-scalar complexities of coastal sustainability challenges. It focuses on three discrete vignettes of innovation, which range from a novel and emerging innovation, a maturing innovation and an innovation which has become mainstream and part of the prevailing socio-technical regime. The first vignette focuses on 3D ocean farming off the coast of Connecticut in Long Island Sound, USA, as an example of an emerging niche-level innovation. The second vignette discusses the development of offshore wind energy capacity in Liverpool Bay, UK as an example of a socio-technical innovation that is more mature. The final vignette discusses containerisation as an example of a fully matured socio-technological change. The chapter argues that a spatial perspective on transition is critical to adequately account for uneven development processes and to recognise the heterogeneity of different places in terms of potential for low-carbon transition. © 2019 selection and editorial matter, C. Patrick Heidkamp and John Morrissey.

This case study features a class of sixth-grade students and their science teacher enacting a curriculum designed to teach the particulate nature of matter and phase changes. The class used a mobile device with several applications that supported reading, writing, viewing, and modeling. We examine the role of the teacher, the device, the peers, and the curriculum itself in scaffolding student learning.

In nonfiction, poetry, short fiction, artwork, and detailed interviews, States of the Union collects reflections from everyday Americans on the 2016 presidential election. -Publisher Web Site.

This paper examines the literature to try to explain the concept of inflation targeting. There are at present two competing monetary policy rules: (1) targeting rules and (2) instrument rules. The objective of this paper is to review the relative merits of these two monetary policy rules. The debate between using either an inflation targeting rule or an instrument rule debate displays the lack of consensus among economists concerning the proper specification and underlying assumptions of the inflation-targeting model which is suited for the analysis of key monetary policy issues. The paper also examines what recent studies have found about the effect of inflation targeting on emerging markets. These studies have shown that inflation targeting has been largely beneficial to emerging markets.

This chapter identifies an orchestrated effort in “Republika Srpska”—an entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina that was recognized by the 1995 Dayton Peace Agreement − that is designed to prevent survivors of the genocide from erecting memorials to the victims in such locations as Višegrad, Prijedor, and Foča. While memorials for victims have been prohibited, and survivors have been prevented from using the term “genocide,” memorials to the perpetrators have been installed in the center of Višegrad, and near the Trnopolje concentration camp in Prijedor Municipality. In the hills above Sarajevo, in a location from which the city’s residents were attacked during the siege, a plaque honoring indicted war criminal Ratko Mladić has been installed. Accordingly, this chapter considers the extent to which the discriminatory practices regarding memorials in Republika Srpska constitute a violation of human rights. Further, the chapter argues that, following Raphael Lemkin’s definition of genocide, the prohibitive policies in Republika Srpska with respect to memorials and commemorative practices constitute nothing less than a continuation of the genocide, a second phase of the genocide designed to ensure the permanent erasure of a world that was destroyed. These human rights violations and the continuation of the genocide are a troubling testament to the failure of the international community in Bosnia, and to the problematic legacy of the Dayton Peace Agreement.

The American Film Institute (AFI) presently does relatively little in terms of film preservation, but its founding in 1967 led to the growth of many of the mechanisms that define the motion picture preservation community today. As this article reveals, the AFI's success in promoting ongoing federal government support for motion picture preservation cannot be separated from the political context of the Cold War. The AFI's first director, George Stevens Jr., had previously been the head of the Motion Picture Service of the United States Information Agency (USIA). This work with a public diplomacy agency was essential to his vision for the design and structure of the AFI. Likewise, the AFI was founded as an independent nonprofit, but with the promise of significant ongoing funding support from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). While this arrangement worked well at first, a change in presidential administrations and design flaws in the AFI's support mechanisms led to it being unable to meet the expectations of the very film preservation community it helped to foster.

Introduction The purpose of the study is to evaluate delivery method and breastfeeding initiation in women enrolled in group prenatal care (CenteringPregnancy) and in traditional prenatal care. Methods Data were obtained from medical records of a hospital-based midwifery practice in south central Connecticut that offered both types of prenatal care programs. Medical information from 307 women enrolled in this practice was included in the analysis. Out of the 307, 80 were enrolled in group prenatal care. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, and previous and current obstetrical information from medical records formed the basis of comparison. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were carried out. Results Women in Centering had fewer planned cesarean sections (1.3 vs. 12.8%) and had a higher breastfeeding initiation (88.7 vs. 80.0%). However, Centering women were found to have a higher portion of unplanned cesarean sections (27.5 vs. 11.0%). Both the unadjusted and the adjusted odds ratios of having a cesarean planned delivery were lower in the group care. Women in Centering had 2.44 (95% CI 1.05, 5.66) times the odds of breastfeeding initiation compared to the odds for women in traditional prenatal care after adjusting for maternal age, smoking status, gestation and race. Discussion CenteringPregnancy can have positive impact for the woman and baby. This program implementation saw lower rates of elective cesarean sections and increased breastfeeding compared to women in traditional care.