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Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) is a promising meta-heuristic method developed based on the intelligent conduct of crows in nature. This algorithm lacks a good representation of its individuals’ memory, and as with many other meta-heuristics it faces a problem in efficiently balancing exploration and exploitation. These defects may lead to early convergence to local optima. To cope with such issues, we proposed a Memory based Hybrid CSA (MHCSA) with the use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This hybridization approach was proposed to reinforce the diversity ability of CSA and balance its search abilities for promising solutions to achieve robust search performance. The memory element of MHCSA was initialized with the best solution (pbest) of PSO to exploit the most promising search areas. The best positions of the CSA’s individuals are improved using the best solution found so far (gbest) and (pbest) of PSO. Another flaw of CSA is the use of fixed flight length and awareness probability for crows to control exploration and exploitation features, respectively. This issue was circumvented here by replacing these constants with adaptive functions in order to provide a better balance between exploration and exploitation over the course of iterations. The competence of MHCSA was revealed by testing it on seventy-three standard and computationally complex benchmark functions. Its applicability was substantiated by solving seven engineering design problems. The results showed that the problem of early convergence was eliminated by MHCSA and that the balance of exploration and exploitation was further improved. Further, MHCSA ranked first among CSA, PSO, robust variants of CSA and other strong competing methods in terms of accuracy and stability. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

Modeling of nonlinear industrial systems embraces two key stages: selection of a model structure with a compact parameter list, and selection of an algorithm to estimate the parameter list values. Thus, there is a need to develop a sufficiently adequate model to characterize the behavior of industrial systems to represent experimental data sets. The data collected for many industrial systems may be subject to the existence of high non-linearity and multiple constraints. Meanwhile, creating a thoroughgoing model for an industrial process is essential for model-based control systems. In this work, we explore the use of a proposed Enhanced version of the Cuckoo Search (ECS) algorithm to address a parameter estimation problem for both linear and nonlinear model structures of a real winding process. The performance of the developed models was compared with other mainstream meta-heuristics when they were targeted to model the same process. Moreover, these models were compared with other models developed based on some conventional modeling methods. Several evaluation tests were performed to judge the efficiency of the developed models based on ECS, which showed superior performance in both training and testing cases over that achieved by other modeling methods. © 2022, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.

When our photovoice research intersected with the COVID-19 pandemic, we were thrust into a new world of adapting the method in the virtual environment. Between both authors, we had over two decades of experience implementing photovoice. However, that involved tried and true methods of working face to face and side by side with people in community-based settings. This article describes lessons learned from two virtual photovoice projects. One involved pivoting from a project already well underway in person to online and the other was designed for virtual implementation since that was the only option available. Key considerations discussed are navigating our institutional review boards, adapting project management, building community online, and sharing results and advocacy for social change. Dilemmas and key decisions in each of these areas are described for practitioners and community-based researchers who need or seek to transition their photovoice research to the virtual environment. Practical tips and strategies for implementation are described and offered to photovoice researchers.

We measure the absolute proper motion of Leo I using a WFPC2/HST data set that spans up to 10 yr to date the longest time baseline utilized for this satellite. The measurement relies on ∼2300 Leo I stars located near the center of light of the galaxy; the correction to absolute proper motion is based on 174 Gaia EDR3 stars and 10 galaxies. Having generated highly precise, relative proper motions for all Gaia EDR3 stars in our WFPC2 field of study, our correction to the absolute EDR3 system does not rely on these Gaia stars being Leo I members. This new determination also benefits from a recently improved astrometric calibration of WFPC2. The resulting proper-motion value, (μ α , μ δ ) = (-0.007 0.035, - 0.119 0.026) mas yr-1 is in agreement with recent, large-area, Gaia EDR3-based determinations. We discuss all the recent measurements of Leo I's proper motion and adopt a combined, multistudy average of (μ α 3 meas,μ δ 3 meas)=(-0.036±0.016,-0.130±0.010) mas yr-1. This value of absolute proper motion for Leo I indicates its orbital pole is well aligned with that of the vast polar structure, defined by the majority of the brightest dwarf spheroidal satellites of the Milky Way. © 2021. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

This study explores how individuals react to COVID-19 prevention measures in relation to their national cultural values and health belief factors. Specifically, guided by the most relevant Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and the health belief model (HBM), this study tested a conceptual framework through conducting a survey of the U.S. adult population. The study results did not support Hofstede’s classification of the U.S. to be among the most individualistic culture with the lowest level of uncertainty avoidance in the world. Demographic factors such as ethnicity, gender, age, and education were found to be significantly related to collectivistic tendency and/or uncertainty avoidance. Findings also demonstrated that the tendency for collectivism and uncertainty avoidance were both relevant to people’s intention to adopt COVID-19 prevention measures. Results of testing the HBM variables revealed that perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action were significantly related to preventive behavioral intentions. This study highlights the importance of considering subculture factors when promoting COVID-19 preventive measures in a multicultural society. © 2022 Atlantic Journal of Communication.

Relationship strain or dissolution between new parents can affect the co-parenting relationship and parenting engagement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a relationship-strengthening intervention on parenting behaviors among adolescent couples. Data from a pilot randomized control trial conducted with predominantly Black and Latino couples were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Observed intervention * time effects and intervention * time * gender effects were not statistically significant, but had small to moderate effect sizes. Intervention couples demonstrated increased parenting sense of competence compared to control couples. Gender differences in intervention effects were observed for both parenting experiences and parenting engagement. Given the pilot nature of the study, these findings provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of this couple-based intervention for improving parenting outcomes. Future research should assess the intervention in a larger sample and leverage technology-based approaches as methods for content delivery. © The Author(s) 2022.

The James Webb Space Telescope will be able to probe the atmospheres and surface properties of hot, terrestrial planets via emission spectroscopy. We identify 18 potentially terrestrial planet candidates detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) that would make ideal targets for these observations. These planet candidates cover a broad range of planet radii (R p ∼0.6-2.0R ) and orbit stars of various magnitudes (K s = 5.78-10.78, V = 8.4-15.69) and effective temperatures (T eff ∼3000-6000 K). We use ground-based observations collected through the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) and two vetting tools - DAVE and TRICERATOPS - to assess the reliabilities of these candidates as planets. We validate 13 planets: TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-544 b, TOI-833 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1411 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-1693 b, TOI-1860 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, TOI-2427 b, and TOI-2445 b. Seven of these planets (TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, and TOI-2445 b) are ultra-short-period planets. TOI-1860 is the youngest (133 ± 26 Myr) solar twin with a known planet to date. TOI-2260 is a young (321 ± 96 Myr) G dwarf that is among the most metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.22 ± 0.06 dex) stars to host an ultra-short-period planet. With an estimated equilibrium temperature of 1/42600 K, TOI-2260 b is also the fourth hottest known planet with R p ¡ 2 R . © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

BACKGROUND: Despite the positive impact of social and emotional learning (SEL) on the emotional well-being of children, literature on physical activity engagement and SEL among this population has been limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether school students' SEL would improve after participation in a before-school physical activity program. METHODS: A total of 138 fourth and sixth grade students from 1 elementary school and 1 middle school participated in this study. Seventy-five students participated in the before-school physical activity program, while 63 students were in the control group. The physical education teachers implemented the program 3 days per week, for 3 weeks. The participants completed a 10-question adapted Devereux Student Strengths Assessment-Mini before and after the program. Repeated measures ANOVA was run to determine the effects of the program on SEL competence. RESULTS: The fourth and sixth grade students who participated in the program reported a 7 and 10% improvement in pre- versus post-intervention SEL competence, respectively. Students in the control group reported no change in their SEL competence. CONCLUSION: Considering the benefits of a before-school physical activity program on students' SEL, stakeholders should consider including more physical activity programming within school policies. © 2022 American School Health Association.

The evolution of life is that one day after we are born, we must say good night, and fall asleep and breath no more. The trepidation of death is more than the ceasing of lung, cardiac, and brain function; for the nurse who loses a nurse colleague, it is a farewell of a collegial relationship that developed in the process of healing others. The death of a nurse colleague is sacred. © 2022

ABSTRACT: Professional nurses, by virtue of their training, pledge to care for individuals who are sick or infirm. This commitment is confirmed via the Nightingale Pledge, which focuses on public health and equity and deems the nurse to be a missioner of health. Health disparities exist in direct conflict with the nursing responsibility of caritas, or love. Accordingly, it is imperative that nurse educators create learning environments that are conducive to comfortably discussing differences in physical assessments performed on diverse populations as part of their work to eliminate health disparities and in accordance with the Nightingale Pledge. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

The course-based research experience (CRE) with its documented educational benefits is increasingly being implemented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education. This article reports on a study that was done over a period of 3 years to explicate the instructional processes involved in teaching an undergraduate CRE. One hundred and two instructors from the established and large multi-institutional SEA-PHAGES program were surveyed for their understanding of the aims and practices of CRE teaching. This was followed by large-scale feedback sessions with the cohort of instructors at the annual SEA Faculty Meeting and subsequently with a small focus group of expert CRE instructors. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, the survey data were analyzed for the aims of inquiry instruction and pedagogical practices used to achieve these goals. The results characterize CRE inquiry teaching as involving three instructional models: 1) being a scientist and generating data; 2) teaching procedural knowledge; and 3) fostering project ownership. Each of these models is explicated and visualized in terms of the specific pedagogical practices and their relationships. The models present a complex picture of the ways in which CRE instruction is conducted on a daily basis and can inform instructors and institutions new to CRE teaching.

We discuss the design, construction, and operation of a new intensity interferometer, based on the campus of Southern Connecticut State University in New Haven, Connecticut. While this paper will focus on observations taken with an original two-telescope configuration, the current instrumentation consists of three portable 0.6 m Dobsonian telescopes with single-photon avalanche diode detectors located at the Newtonian focus of each telescope. Photons detected at each station are time stamped and read out with timing correlators that can give cross-correlations in timing to a precision of 48 ps. We detail our observations to date with the system, which has now been successfully used at our university in 16 nights of observing. Components of the instrument were also deployed on one occasion at Lowell Observatory, where the Perkins and Hall telescopes were made to function as an intensity interferometer. We characterize the performance of the instrument in detail. In total, the observations indicate the detection of a correlation peak at the level of 6.76σ when observing unresolved stars, and consistency with partial or no detection when observing at a baseline sufficient to resolve the star. Using these measurements, we conclude that the angular diameter of Arcturus is larger than 15 mas and that of Vega is between 0.8 and 17 mas. While the uncertainties are large at this point, both results are consistent with measures from amplitude-based long baseline optical interferometers. © 2022. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Purpose: Measuring heart rate recovery (HRR) holds valuable cardiovascular information and requires minimal technical skill and cost. Understanding the associations between HRR and more robust cardiovascular indicators, such as central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), can provide valuable cardiovascular information with less involvement. CSBP is a strong predictor of certain cardiovascular diseases. The study aims to examine the association between measures of HRR and CSBP and the augmentation index (AIx) in a group of young, healthy individuals and based on sex. Participants and Methods: One-hundred and seven participants (men – 55, women – 52) were measured for HRR at one minute (HRR1) and two minutes (HRR2) after maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) testing, CSBP, and the AIx at a heart rate of 75 beats∙min−1 (AIx@75). Results: The Pearson correlation indicated no association between HRR1, HRR2, and CSBP in men and women combined: r = 0.06, P = 0.53; r = 0.05, P = 0.59, respectively, or based on sex: men = r = 0.01, P = 0.95; r = 0.04, P = 0.79, respectively, and women = r = −0.05, P = 0.75; r = −0.09, P = 0.52, respectively. However, there were associations between HRR1 and AIx@75 in men and women combined: r = −0.37, P < 0.001, and based on sex: men = r = −0.31, P = 0.02, and women = r = −0.38, P < 0.01. Conclusion: Measures of HRR were not associated with CSBP in a combined group of young men and women or based on sex. Most measures of HRR, especially those established by parasympathetic nervous activity, were associated with lower AIx@75. Though measures of HRR might be good indicators of cardiovascular disease, they might not be good indicators of CSBP in young, healthy individuals. © 2022 Latchman et al.

This article presents an approach to economic value based on the paradigm of multimodal analysis. I argue that economic value is constituted within its own interactional mode, that economic laws are constituted as semiotic resources, and that markets can ultimately be understood as the “habituation in mode” (Kress) of these resources. The article is organized as a set of problems and possible solutions for the multimodal analysis of language and value. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a life-threatening type of cancer wherein mortality rate is unquestionably high. Early detection of ALL can reduce both the rate of fatality as well as improve the diagnosis plan for patients. In this study, we developed the ALL Detector (ALLD), which is a deep learning-based network to distinguish ALL patients from healthy individuals based on blast cell microscopic images. We evaluated multiple DL-based models and the ResNet-based model performed the best with 98% accuracy in the classification task. We also compared the performance of ALLD against state-of-the-art tools utilized for the same purpose, and ALLD outperformed them all. We believe that ALLD will support pathologists to explicitly diagnose ALL in the early stages and reduce the burden on clinical practice overall. © 2022 The authors and IOS Press.

Black women faculty and administrators in the United States are tackling a force of socioeconomic and racial disparities, emotional tolls and invisible burdens within academia, political turmoil, social unrest, and public health crises. COVID-19 has added an additional layer related to work responsibilities, the overall well-being of Black women faculty and administrators and the diverse students they encounter, and management of work and home responsibilities. This paper discusses perspectives and evidence-based strategies regarding Black women faculty and administrators who navigate academia and teach during times of COVID-19 and social unrest. We also outline strategies for university leaders to mitigate cultural and racial gaps in the classroom or workplace and foster diversity and inclusion in academia. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

E-commerce giants like Amazon rely on consumer reviews to allow buyers to inform other potential buyers about a product’s pros and cons. While these reviews can be useful, they are less so when the number of reviews is large; no consumer can be expected to read hundreds or thousands of reviews in order to gain better understanding about a product. In an effort to provide an aggregate representation of reviews, Amazon offers an average user rating represented by a 1- to 5-star score. This score only represents how reviewers feel about a product without providing insight into why they feel that way. In this work, we propose an AI technique that generates an easy-to-read, concise summary of a product based on its reviews. It provides an overview of the different aspects reviewers emphasize in their reviews and, crucially, how they feel about those aspects. Our methodology generates a list of the topics most-mentioned by reviewers, conveys reviewer sentiment for each topic and calculates an overall summary score that reflects reviewers’ overall sentiment about the product. These sentiment scores adapt the same 1- to 5-star scoring scale in order to remain familiar to Amazon users. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Josiassen (2011) in a single cross-sectional survey investigated causal relations between consumer disidentification and domestic product judgments. The primary purpose of this replication paper is to evaluate the reliabilities of construct levels, as well as the significance, direction and magnitude of causal effects advanced in the original published structural model. The study measures relations between consumer disidentification (CDI) and domestic product judgments of American products over an extended 16 months period among second generation immigrants. In the present research the original CDI model fit was found to be longitudinally consistent and stable. Serendipitously, findings of the present study disclosed that over time baseline levels of consumer disidentification vary and actually declined significantly. Additionally, the negative effect of consumer disidentification on American product judgments significantly weakened over the course of the study. As an additional test of consumer predisposition reliability over time, the model in this study incorporated consumer xenocentrism (XEN) as a second predictor variable of domestic product judgments. Findings of this analysis were consistent with those found for CDI. These new phenomena have important theoretical and managerial implications. © 2022, University of South Australia. All rights reserved.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been traditionally used to assess body composition covering bone, fat and muscle content. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has deleterious effects on bone health and fat composition. Therefore, early detection of bone health, fat and muscle composition would help to anticipate a proper diagnosis and treatment plan for CVD patients. In this study, we leveraged machine learning (ML)-based models to predict CVD using DXA, demonstrating that it can be considered an innovative approach for early detection of CVD. We leveraged state-of-the-art ML models to classify the CVD group from non-CVD group. The proposed logistic regression-based model achieved nearly 80% accuracy. Overall, the bone mineral density, fat content, muscle mass and bone surface area measurements were elevated in the CVD group compared to non-CVD group. Ablation study revealed a more successful discriminatory power of fat content and bone mineral density than muscle mass and bone areas. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first ML model to reveal the association between DXA measurements and CVD in the Qatari population. We believe this study will open new avenues of introducing DXA in creating the diagnosis and treatment plan of cardiovascular diseases. © 2022 The authors and IOS Press.

We report on the measurements of directed flow v1 and elliptic flow v2 for hadrons (π±, K±, KS0, p, ϕ, Λ and Ξ−) from Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV and v2 for (π±, K±, p and p‾) at 27 and 54.4 GeV with the STAR experiment. While at the two higher energy midcentral collisions the number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling holds, at 3 GeV the v2 at midrapidity is negative for all hadrons and the NCQ scaling is absent. In addition, the v1 slopes at midrapidity for almost all observed hadrons are found to be positive, implying dominant repulsive baryonic interactions. The features of negative v2 and positive v1 slope at 3 GeV can be reproduced with a baryonic mean-field in transport model calculations. These results imply that the medium in such collisions is likely characterized by baryonic interactions. © 2022 The Author(s)