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This paper examines the feasibility of environmentally sustainable growth in a competitive market economy assuming various types of technological changes affecting pollution emissions and ultimately climate change. We consider two final outputs and two factors of production, accounting for both pollution flow and stock effects. If the initial level of pollution emissions satisfies certain boundary conditions, a Pigouvian pollution tax may assure sustainable growth without any further government intervention. This is true even if exogenous technological change is assumed to benefit exclusively the pollution-intensive industries (the “dirty” sector). A consumers’ composition effect (often neglected in the literature), driven by an endogenous change in the relative prices between clean and dirty final goods under an optimal pollution tax, plays a critical role in the structural transformation process to achieve long-run sustainable economic growth.

Sexual identity development has traditionally been theorized about from within heteronormative societies founded on patriarchal notions with links to misogyny, racism, and classism, among others. These forms of domination have constrained the way sexual identity has been conceived of, researched and written about within the mental health fields and limited the efficacy of clinical work with all people but especially sexual minorities and those who are gender non-binary. In this chapter the authors will deconstruct heteronormativity, examine the deleterious effect of it on mental health, and locate the influence of intersections of oppression on the field of SFT theory and in clinical work. An LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex) affirmative clinical framework developed from systems theory and queer theory will be outlined, and then a case study using the framework will be described.

Drawing on research conducted in Cuzco, Peru, The Wari Civilization and Their Descendants: Imperial Transformation in Pre-Inca Cuzco, Peru analyzes the political and social transformations that led to the downfall of the Wari civilization in the Andean Middle Horizon period (AD 500–1000) and resulted in the rise of the Inca state. The contributors to this collection present evidence of the Wari civilization’s robust, imperialistic occupation of Cuzco, and argue that this presence laid the groundwork for later regional polities that can be traced to the Late Horizon Inca period (AD 1476–1532). This collection fills a gap in scholarly literature on Cuzco prehistory, the provincial southern highlands of the Wari civilization, and early imperialism in the Andes.

This paper provides an empirical framework to assess the nonlinear complementary linkage effects that arise from the interaction between motorway capital and information and communications technology (ICT) capital in developed economies. Using panel data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries and controlling for endogeneity, the paper finds that there exists a critical mass for ICT capital such that if the capital grows beyond the critical mass, the marginal contribution of motorway capital to productivity growth increases as the motorway is extended. This empirical result explains variations in the productivity contributions of transport infrastructure across countries that differ in their ICT infrastructure and has implications for setting the investment priorities of key components of infrastructure. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

The Second Edition of this major reference work expands its coverage and continues to break new ground as an electronic resource for students, educators, researchers, and professionals. Comprehensive in breath and textbook in depth, the Second Edition of the Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders serves as a reference repository of knowledge in the field as well as a regularly updated conduit of new knowledge long before such information trickles down from research to standard textbooks. The Second Edition of the Encyclopedia digests and presents new and updated information for readers who need to stay current with the latest research and clinical practices, including advances in neurobiology and genetics, diagnostic instruments and assessment tests, pharmaceutical treatments, and behavioral, speech and language, and other rehabilitative therapies. The Second Edition of the Encyclopedia covers topics across the following major conceptual areas of ASD and PDDs, including: Research trends and findings Behavior/speech Communication TreatmentsEducation Taking advantage of the techniques offered by the electronic medium, the Second Edition of the Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders offers an extensive cross-referencing system facilitating search and retrieval of information. This unique, comprehensive Second Edition of the Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders is an essential reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers, professors, clinicians, and other practitioners across such related disciplines as developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, child and school psychology, behavioral therapy, and sociology of education.

The lack of women in leadership roles is a systemic problem in the United States and is not unique to the field of education; however, it is important to continue to challenge the status quo and provide a path for women to achieve equality and equity in the workplace. The following chapter will identify and discuss the importance of mentoring and sponsorship so that women pursuing education careers, novice women teachers, and women college, and university faculty and staff can actively and better position themselves to move into leadership positions and/or ensure a “seat at the table” in situations where decisions are made that affect their personal and professional lives.

We introduce a variant of the Kronecker product, called the regional Kronecker product, that can be used to build new, larger multiple-pair latin squares from existing multiple-pair latin squares. We present applications to the existence and orthogonality of multiple-pair latin squares. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Surprisingly scant research has adequately examined directional influences between different perceptions of managerial leadership behaviors and different types of work motivation, and even fewer studies have examined contextual moderators of these influences. The present study investigated longitudinal and multilevel autoregressive cross-lagged relations between perceptions of transformational, transactional, and passive-avoidant leadership with autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation. Multilevel longitudinal models were estimated on data from 788 employees, nested under 108 distinct supervisors, from six Canadian organizations. Results revealed that perceptions of leadership behaviors predicted changes in motivation mostly at the collective level and that some of these relations changed as a function of whether organizations had recently faced a crisis. Collective perceptions of transformational leadership were related to increased collective autonomous and controlled motivation, while individual controlled motivation was related to increased individual perceptions of transactional leadership. In organizations facing a crisis, individual perceptions of transactional leadership were related to decreased individual controlled motivation, while collective perceptions of transactional leadership were related to increased collective autonomous motivation and decreased collective amotivation. In organizations not facing a crisis, collective perceptions of transactional leadership were related to decreased collective autonomous motivation. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

This work proposes a new approach in addressing Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) optimization problem in power unit systems using nature-inspired metaheuristics search algorithms. Solving such a problem requires a degree of maximization of the economic pact of a power network system, where this is possible with some existing population-based metaheuristic search algorithms. The key issue to be handled here is how to maximize the economic benevolence of a power network under a variety of operational constraints, taking into account the reduction in the generated fuel cost as well as the aggregate power loss in the transmission power network system. Some nature-inspired metaheuristics will be explored. Meanwhile, we shall focus our attention on a newly developed nature-inspired search algorithm, referred to as the Crow Search Algorithm or CSA for short, as well as the Differential Evolution (DE) that is commonly known as a metaheuristic. The CSA emerged to light by simulating the intelligent flocking behavior of crows. The practicability of the proposed approach-based CSA was conducted to common types of power generators, including three and six buses (nodes) in addition to the IEEE 30-bus standard system. The results of the presented approaches were compared to other results developed using existing nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms like particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms and also compared to traditional approaches such as quadratic programming method. The results reported here support that CSA has achieved an outstanding performance in solving the problem of ELD in power systems, demonstrating their good optimization capabilities through arriving at a combination of power loads that consummate the constraints of the ELD problem while simultaneously lessening the entire fuel cost. The experimental results also showed that the CSA solutions were capable of maximizing the reliability of the power supplied to the customers, and also reducing both the generated power cost and the loss of power in the transmission power systems.

Regrettably, a large proportion of likely patients with sleep apnea are underdiagnosed. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the main causes of hypertension, type II diabetes, stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. OSA affects not only adults but also children where it forms one of the sources of learning disabilities for children. This study aims to provide a classification model for one of the well-known sleep disorders known as OSA, which causes a serious malady that affects both men and women. OSA affects both genders with different scope. Men versus women diagnosed with OSA are about 8:1. In this research, logistic regression (LR) and artificial neural networks were applied successfully in several classification applications with promising results, particularly in the bio-statistics area. LR was used to derive a membership probability for a potential OSA system from a range of anthropometric features including weight, height, body mass index (BMI), hip, waist, age, neck circumference, modified Friedman, snoring, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), sex, and daytime sleepiness. We developed two models to predict OSA, one for men and one for women. The proposed sleep apnea diagnosis model has yielded accurate classification results and possibly a prototype software module that can be used at home. These findings shall reduce the patient’s need to spend a night at a laboratory and make the study of sleep apnea to implement at home.

The Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program is an experiential learning program that involves teaching college courses inside correctional facilitates to classes that include incarcerated and nonincarcerated students. This teaching note describes the program and argues that its congruence with social work values makes it a valuable tool for preparing students to take on social justice work. The impact of the program’s pedagogy and structure on students’ and faculty’s capacity for critical thinking and self-reflection is described. Logistical issues to consider in developing programs are discussed.