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With observations from data sets available to the REsearch Consortium On Nearby Stars (RECONS, http://www.recons.org), we seek to define the orbits of several K dwarf multiple star systems. When compared to their more massive and less massive counterparts in G and M dwarfs, respectively, K dwarfs remain chiefly overlooked, merely due to the scarcity of data obtained on this stellar type. We address the sizes and shapes of the orbits, as established by their periods and eccentricities. The use of system separation, position angle, and magnitude, obtained from both our program measurements and the literature, will allow orbital construction, from which we ultimately derive the fundamental parameter, the mass. This work has been supported by NSF grants AST-1909560 and AST-1910130.

The Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) was built in 2008 and in its first 14 years saw substantial use in diffraction-limited imaging projects at the WIYN Telescope, Gemini-N and Gemini-S, and the Lowell Discovery Telescope. However, the completion and commissioning of the QWSSI speckle camera at Lowell Observatory has recently created the opportunity to move DSSI to the ARC 3.5-m Telescope at Apache Point Observatory (APO) in New Mexico. We report here on the commissioning of DSSI at APO and discuss some of the early science results, which represent the first diffraction-limited images in the visible range ever obtained at the ARC Telescope. Our initial observations appear to be comparable to DSSI's earlier use at WIYN in that we can obtain 0.05-arcsecond resolution at 692 nm for stars as faint as 12th magnitude in five minutes of observing or less, and we can detect companions with magnitude differences of 4 to 5 relative to their primary stars. In the near term, the instrument will be used (1) to supplement observations for the RECONS K Stars project to survey nearby K dwarfs for companions and (2) to obtain follow-up observations of binaries identified by Kepler, TESS, APOGEE, and other sources. It will also provide a testbed for simultaneous visible and infrared speckle imaging and speckle imaging through coherent fiber bundles. The potential advantages of these two innovations include better photometry in the diffraction-limited regime and higher-quality image reconstructions overall. We gratefully acknowledge support from National Science Foundation grants AST-1909560 and AST-1910130, as well as a SEED grant from the Research Corporation for Science Advancement, in the completion of this work.

The Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) has been successfully operating at the ARC 3.5-m telescope at Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico for over a year, providing diffraction-limited imaging in the optical. We report on commissioning efforts for two new upgrades to DSSI: 1) an internal slit mask for astrometric calibration, and 2) a near-infrared channel configuration for the instrument operating at ~1.5µm. The near-infrared channel takes the place of one of the original optical channels, while the second channel of the instrument remains configured for optical observations. However, a two-position stage has been added to this optical channel, allowing for both of the original 692nm and 880nm filters. This represents the first near-infrared diffraction-limited imaging ever performed with DSSI, and the first for the ARC 3.5-m telescope, and a major step toward routine optical+NIR simultaneous speckle imaging for a range of science projects. The benefits of the internal slit mask and near-infrared channel configuration include improved astrometric precision, reduced time on-sky for calibrations, improved detection of lower luminosity companions including brown dwarfs, and a greater wavelength span for more robust source color determinations and H-R diagram positioning of system components.

A program of speckle observations at Lowell Observatory's Discovery Channel Telescope (DCT) and the Gemini North and South Telescopes will be described. It has featured the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI), built at Southern Connecticut State University in 2008. DSSI is a dual-port system that records speckle images in two colors simultaneously and produces diffraction limited images to V∼ 16.5 mag at Gemini and V∼ 14.5 mag at the DCT. Of the several science projects that are being pursued at these telescopes, three will be highlighted here. The first is high-resolution follow-up observations for Kepler and K2 exoplanet missions, the second is a study of metal-poor spectroscopic binaries in an attempt to resolve these systems and determine their visual orbits en route to making mass determinations, and the third is a systematic survey of nearby late-type dwarfs, where the multiplicity fraction will be directly measured and compared to that of G dwarfs. The current status of these projects is discussed and some representative results are given.

The Southern Connecticut Stellar Interferometer is an astronomical intensity interferometer consisting of two telescopes. Each is currently equipped with a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector, and an ultra-fast timing module correlates counts between both photon detectors. The interferometer has previously demonstrated intensity correlations using the 1-pixel SPADs and extremely narrow band pass filters but was limited in the amount of light that could be collected, and therefore the signal-to-noise ratio that could be achieved. SCSU's recent acquisition of an 8-pixel SPAD detector has allowed for a new possibility: a different wavelength of light could be directed towards each of the 8 pixels of the detector, thus conducting 8 independent intensity interferometry experiments at the same time, if this could be implemented at both telescopes. Using materials and resources available in the Astronomical Instrumentation Laboratory at Southern Connecticut State University, an optical system has been developed to work toward this goal but outfitting the first telescope in this way. The light from the telescope is collimated and directed toward a reflective diffraction grating. This is then re-imaged using a second lens and directed onto the pixels of the photon detector. These optical components have been placed inside an aluminum housing and can be mounted to the telescope for test observations. A status report will be given on the observations so far. If this can be replicated at the other telescope, the signal-to-noise ratio achievable with the instrument could be improved by a factor of 2.8.

This article explores the narrative of parliamentary history in fifteenth-century England, specifically as found in the texts William Caxton printed. It investigates Caxton's approach to history and motivation for choosing texts, his translations and vocabulary, his editorial oversight and his audience. As his confidence in his own skill grew, and as he moved from a continental to an English context, his reading of parliaments changed. Initially it corresponded to his French texts, but by the early 1480s he understood the term ‘parliament’ to mean some variation of the contemporary English Parliament. Caxton's later understanding is reflected in the histories he published. This article emphasises the importance of Caxton's historical narratives to Parliament's legitimacy and to political discourse in a time when few parliaments were held.

Individuals seek information for informed decision-making, and they consult a variety of information sources nowadays. However, studies show that information from multiple sources can lead to information overload, which then creates negative psychological and behavioral responses. Drawing on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework, we propose a model to understand the effect of information seeking, information sources, and information overload (Stimuli) on information anxiety (psychological organism), and consequent behavioral response, information avoidance during the global health crisis (COVID-19). The proposed model was tested using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for which data were collected from 321 Finnish adults using an online survey. People found to seek information from traditional sources such as mass media, print media, and online sources such as official websites and websites of newspapers and forums. Social media and personal networks were not the preferred sources. On the other hand, among different information sources, social media exposure has a significant relationship with information overload as well as information anxiety. Besides, information overload also predicted information anxiety, which further resulted in information avoidance.

Scholars have identified Physical Education (PE) as a marginalized subject within schools. This may lead to feelings of isolation, marginalization and reality shock and may end in washing out of best practice or exiting from the profession altogether. Some Physical Educators choose to leave the K-12 classroom and pursue a career in teacher education. The authors have conceptualized the upward movement into Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) as “washing up”. This phenomenon is examined through the lens of Occupational Socialization Theory (OST) to better understand PETE doctoral students and PETE faculty members’ career paths. Two types of trajectories for DPETE students and PETE faculty are discussed. Type 1 have had no K12 teaching experience, whereas Type 2 have had at least 1 year of K-12 teaching experience. This manuscript is the beginning of a conversation to better understand career paths in PETE with numerous implications for research.

The ability to change direction rapidly is a key fitness quality especially in invasive sports where young players perform approximately 300 changes of direction in a game. There is currently limited understanding of how anthropometric characteristics and maturation status influence change of direction ability in adolescent. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to assess the influence of anthropometrics and maturation status on change of direction ability in young people. The study involved 706 adolescents (367 girls) aged 14-19-year-old attending the same high school in Northern Italy. Stature, body mass, seated height and leg length were measured to determine the anthropometrics and maturation status of the participants. Repeated change of direction ability (10 × 5 m shuttle run test), lower limb power and muscle strength were evaluated using field tests from the Eurofit test battery. Maturity offset was calculated separately for boys and girls, in accord with the equation proposed by Mirwald. Preliminary analysis with 10 × 5 m as a dependent variable and sex and PHV as a fixed factor, suggests a significant difference between sex (p < 0.001; d = 0.35) but not with PHV (p = 0.986; d = 0.000) and interaction PHV × sex (p = 0.836; d = 0.000). Our results suggested that repeated change of direction performance was influenced by anthropometrics, maturation and muscle qualities in adolescent boys and girls. © 2023 Institute of Sport. All rights reserved.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes in people’s lifestyles across the United States, but the extent to which the pandemic affected health behaviors of children and adolescents (i.e., physical activity, screen-time, and sleep) is not well understood. These behaviors hold particular significance because of their association with health outcomes. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether engagement in health behaviors changed from pre-pandemic (2019) to during the pandemic (2020). Methods: The combined 2019-2020 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) was used to inform this study. The NSCH is an annual survey designed to provide national estimates of key indicators of childhood health and well-being. Physical activity (number of days/week with >60 min of activity), screen-time (hours/day of TV viewing and computer use), and sleep (hours/day) were assessed by parental report. Adjusted binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were used to determine the association between survey year and health behaviors. Results: Children and adolescents were 36% more likely to be physically inactive in 2020 compared to 2019. Additionally, children and adolescents were 14% more likely to meet sleep guidelines and 39% less likely to meet screen-time guidelines in 2020 compared to 2019, independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and poverty level. Children (6-13 year) and adolescents (14-17 years) were 10% and 15% less likely to get below the recommended amount of sleep in 2020 compared to 2019, respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of meeting sleep guidelines increased among children and adolescents in 2020 but decreased for physical activity and screen-time. Initiatives targeting activity and screen-time may be urgently needed. Whether rates of these health behaviors return to pre-pandemic levels over the next few years should be closely assessed. © The Author(s) 2023.

We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons (eHF) in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero v2 in the transverse momentum (pT) region of pT< 2 GeV/c with the magnitude comparable to that at sNN=200 GeV. The measured eHF v2 at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron v2 following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at sNN=54.4 GeV. The measured eHF v2 in Au+Au collisions at sNN= 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of v2 for different flavor particles (π,ϕ,D0/eHF) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions.

Background:Mothers having difficulty breastfeeding their infants may use alternative supportive feeding methods. Although a supplemental feeding tube device is commonly used, efficacy for supporting sustained breastfeeding remains unknown.Purpose:To describe supplemental feeding tube device use by breastfeeding mothers as an alternative feeding method through exploration of associations between supplemental feeding tube device use and continued breastfeeding at 4 weeks of infant's age.Method:Forty mothers participated. They were interviewed during the birth hospitalization and at 4 weeks postpartum. Questions addressed use of supplemental feeding tube devices, breastfeeding issues, and continued breastfeeding relationships. We examined the relationship between LATCH scores at 2 to 3 days of life.Results:Breastfeeding mothers who chose to supplement with bottle-feeding instead of use of a supplemental feeding tube device were 30% less likely to continue breastfeeding at a medium/high/exclusive level.Conclusion:Use of the supplemental feeding tube device may help avoid the potentially detrimental effect of bottle-feeding on continued breastfeeding. © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.

Remediation in postsecondary education continues to be an issue that is hotly debated by institutional leaders and state policymakers. The National Center for Education Statistics [The National Center for Education Statistics. (2003). Remedial education at higher education institutions in fall 2000. PEQIS. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education.] estimates that 98% of public 2-year and 80% of public 4-year institutions offered at least one remedial course. The need for remedial courses is also demonstrated by the growing number of students who enroll each year. Studies that examine students and placement are found in the literature, but few examine the faculty who teach in remedial programs [Boylan, H., Bonham, B. S., Jackson, J., & Saxon, D. P. (1995). Research in Developmental Education, 12(1), 42–52.]. The purpose of this study was to examine faculty who teach remedial courses. In particular, we were interested in faculty workload and the assessment techniques employed by faculty based upon type and level of institution. More specifically, data was analyzed using the NSOPF: 99 database on faculty at 2-year and 4-year institutions as well as faculty at private and public institutions. Some comparisons between faculty teaching remedial courses and nonremedial courses are presented.

Event Planning & Management At Colleges & Universities: An Emerging Hospitality Profession, the first book of its kind, focuses on the event planning at a college or university and provides broad insights on what this line of work can offer both personally and professionally. This digital text also introduces students to the professional opportunities in the meeting, incentive, conference, and exposition industry (M.I.C.E.). Features of Event Planning & Management At Colleges & Universities include: Chapter Discussion Boards Chapter Assignments External Links Grade Book

Purpose: Changes in voice quality after consuming food or drink have been used as a clinical indicator of dysphagia during the clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE); however, there is conflicting evidence of its efficacy. This study investigated if dysphonia and/or voice change after swallowing are valid predictors of penetration, aspiration, or pharyngeal residue. Our approach aimed to improve current methodologies by collecting voice samples in the fluoroscopy suite, implementing rater training to improve interrater reliability and utilizing continuous measurement scales, allowing for regression analyses. Method: In this prospective study, 30 adults (aged 49–97 years) referred for a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were audio-recorded completing a sustained /i/ prior to VFSS and again after swallowing each bolus during the VFSS. Swallowing function was measured using the reorganized Penetration–Aspiration Scale and the Normalized Residue Ratio Scale. Following listener training, 84 voice samples were perceptually rated using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V). Ordinal and logistic regression were used to determine whether voice quality and voice quality change after swallowing were predictors of airway invasion and pharyngeal clearance. Results: Results indicated that the presence of dysphonia at baseline during a sustained /i/ task as measured by the CAPE-V predicted airway invasion but not pharyngeal residue. Voice change after swallowing associated with vowel /i/ production as measured by the CAPE-V did not predict either dysphagia measure. Conclusion: These results indicate that voice change during a sustained /i/ after swallowing appears unrelated to airway invasion or pharyngeal residue; however, in the absence of known laryngeal pathology, dysphonia prior to a CSE should alert speech-language pathologists of a possible comorbid dysphagia.

In Black Women Speaking From Within: Essays and Experiences in Higher Education, contributors use intersectional and interdisciplinary lenses to share the ways in which they understand, navigate, resist, and transform student services, learning, teaching, and existing in the academy. This book explores and discusses the following question: How do Black women experience and perceive place and agency in higher education? Black Women Speaking From Within draws upon the influence organizational culture, sense-making, and sisterhood has on praxis and pedagogy and places the Black woman’s stories and experiences at the center of the conversation.

Communication is an integral part of our everyday life. Every day, everybody creates and receives communication, and content, and receives communication, or content. Being able to do both things well is advantageous to you, professionally and personally, those you interact with, and those you work for. Part of the difficulty in communicating has to do with the various channels of communication to which you have access. Traditional channels of communication, including in-person communication and presentations, printed communication, such as letters and memos, and remote communication, by telephone or radio, have been expanded to include online, internet-based communication. Newer communication channels include e-mail, blogs, vlogs, wikis, texting, and social media: YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and others. Business and Technical Writing for the Real World: Skills You Can Use Now presents a view of the components of modern business and technical communication. Aspects of writing using templates and styles, tools, and technology are presented in way that relates to your needs. Armed with this information, you can make decisions about communication and content that affect your personal and professional communication immediately.