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Abelisauridae were medium to large-bodied carnivorous dinosaurs with short, ornamented skulls, poorly recurved ziphodont teeth, and reduced forelimbs. They were the dominant terrestrial carnivores in many Gondwanan ecosystems during the Cretaceous. Their Jurassic origin, primarily based on the putative abelisaurid Eoabelisaurus from the Early Jurassic of Patagonia, remains debated, with many authors considering Abelisauridae as a strictly Cretaceous theropod radiation. Here, we describe several historically and stratigraphically important isolated theropod teeth from Gondwana, identified as belonging to abelisaurids using new cladistic and machine learning methods. Dental evolution in Abelisauridae was additionally explored using an updated version of a dentition-based data matrix focused on ceratosaurs. Results of this study show that the evolution of the dentition in abelisaurids was marked by a decrease in size of the mesialmost dentary teeth and the displacement of the tallest crowns towards the middle part of the maxilla. Two isolated abelisaurid teeth from the Late Cretaceous of India and Patagonia were also identified as the earliest published record of a non-avian theropod in Asia and an abelisaurid in Argentina, respectively. More importantly, isolated theropod teeth confidently referred to Abelisauridae from the Middle Jurassic of Madagascar provide additional support for the emergence of this clade in Gondwana before the Late Jurassic and reveal that the acquisition of abelisaurid dental traits occurred early in the evolutionary history of one of the most successful radiations of non-avian theropods from Europe and the Southern Hemisphere. © 2025 Asociación Paleontológica Argentina (APA)

We use SrTiO3/Si as a model system to elucidate the effect of the interface on ferroelectric behavior in epitaxial oxide films on silicon. Using both first-principles computations and synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements, we show that structurally imposed boundary conditions at the interface stabilize a fixed (pinned) polarization in the film but inhibit ferroelectric switching. We demonstrate that the interface chemistry responsible for these phenomena is general to epitaxial silicon-oxide interfaces, impacting on the design of silicon-based functional oxide devices. © 2026 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

NASA’s TESS mission has unveiled a plethora of eclipsing binaries (EBs), among them hundreds of triples and higher-order, hierarchical systems. These complex targets require follow-up observations to enable full characterization of system architectures and identify the most compact multiples expected to undergo the most dramatic dynamical evolution. We report first results from a long-term effort to perform such follow-up, focusing here on multiband speckle imaging of a majority (57) of the sample of 97 quadruple- and higher-order eclipsing binaries (Q+EBs) identified via TESS light curves by V. B. Kostov et al. Diffraction-limited imaging with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument on the Astrophysical Research Consortium 3.5 m telescope and HRCam on the Southern Astrophysical Research 4.1 m telescope reveals nearly 60% of the 57 to resolve into two sources separated by ≥0. ″03. For these partly resolved systems, we report derived characteristics (e.g., relative position angle, angular separation, and magnitude differences in multiple passbands) from the speckle imaging. We find those Q+EBs partly resolved with 4 m class telescopes to have significantly inflated Gaia parallax errors and large Gaia renormalized unit weight errors, particularly for systems with separations comparable to Gaia’s resolution limit (∼0. ″6). For unresolved systems we report upper limits on angular and linear projected separations. We find two partly resolved Q+EBs with wide linear separations having eclipse timing variations that are therefore candidates of higher-than-quadruple multiplicity. Finally, we demonstrate how speckle imaging of resolved Q+EBs during an eclipse can clarify which speckle-resolved Q+EB subsystem is associated with a particular set of TESS eclipses. © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

This timely compendium provides state-of-the-art articles covering research areas in Nanoelectronics, Nanophotonics and Quantum Technologies.Composed of contributions by renowned researchers from both the academia and industry, this useful reference text broadly illustrates relevant aspects of high-performance materials and emerging quantum and nanoscale devices for implementing high-speed electronic systems.

Let A be a Noetherian local ring with canonical module KA. We characterize A when KA is a torsionless, reflexive, or q-torsionfree module for an integer q ≥ 3. If A is a Cohen–Macaulay ring, H.-B. Foxby proved in 1974 that the A-module KA is q-torsionfree if and only if the ring A is q-Gorenstein. With mild assumptions, we provide a generalization of Foxby’s result to arbitrary Noetherian local rings admitting the canonical module. In particular, since the reflexivity of the canonical module is closely related to the ring being Gorenstein in low codimension, we also explore quasinormal rings, introduced by W. V. Vasconcelos. We provide several examples as well. ©2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH,Berlin/Boston.

This paper surveys and summarizes Wolmer Vasconcelos’ results surrounding multiplicities, Hilbert coefficients, and their extensions. We particularly focus on Vasconcelos’ results regarding multiplicities and Chern coefficients, and other invariants which they bound. The Sally module is an important instrument introduced by Vasconcelos for this study, which naturally relates Hilbert coefficients to reduction numbers. ©2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH,Berlin/Boston.

A degree of a module M is a numerical measure of information carried by M. We highlight some of Vasconcelos’ outstanding contributions to the theory of degrees, bridging commutative algebra and computational algebra. We present several degrees he introduced and developed, including arithmetic degree, jdeg, homological degree, cohomological degrees, canonical degree, and bicanonical degree. For the canonical and bicanonical degrees, we discuss recent developments motivated by our joint works [25, 19, 9]. ©2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH,Berlin/Boston.

Purpose – Studies are rare in operations management literature showcasing how leaders ethically influence their employees to perceive safety performance through motivating them to participate in the quality management (QM) program. To bridge this research gap, this study has been carried out (1) to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership and incentives for participating in QM program to predict perceived safety performance and (2) to examine the relationship between ethical leadership and incentives for QM implementation to predict job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Responses of 185 Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration employees who participated in the Office of Personnel Management's Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey 2019, taken from public release data file, were used to test the proposed hypotheses using structural equation modelling. Findings – Results show that ethical leaders motivate their employees to participate in the QM program. Such motivation for QM implementation supports public sector employees to perceive high safety performance and attain job satisfaction with their work agency. Further, employees attain high satisfaction with their job when they work under ethical leaders. Theoretical and practical implications were also offered in this study. Originality/value – This study is the first of its kind to contribute providing evidence that ethical leaders working in a hazardous environment motivate employees to get involved in QM implementation. Another contribution of this study, encouraging employees to participate in the QM initiatives leads employees to attain a high level of job satisfaction and safety performance, also adds value to the QM literature. © 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited

An Estonian saying holds that everyone has a unique song in their heart. This profound theme resonates throughout the pages of Song of my Soul. This work is not merely a memoir but a visceral journey through the heart of a besieged nation and a family’s unwavering struggle for survival. Rakfeldt’s narrative immerses the reader in the turbulent twentieth century, when Estonia became a pawn in Stalin and Hitler’s brutal power plays, marked by the devastating impact of three successive occupations. The author recounts his family’s harrowing escape to Sweden, their flight through Europe, and the process of building a new life in the West. He weaves together poignant episodes from his parents’ lives in Estonia, which were shattered by the Soviet invasion, forcing them to flee into forests and marshes and live as partisans hunted by Russian death squads. Beyond the historical account, Song of my Soul is a deeply personal journey. Rakfeldt begins to reclaim his ancestral heritage and fill the void left by displacement and loss. He grapples with questions of identity and belonging. This book serves as a testament to the resilience of refugee families and chronicles the suffering of the Baltic people. It resonates with anyone who has faced immigration challenges and with those seeking to understand the lasting strength of the human spirit.

We report on the measurements of directed flow v1 and elliptic flow v2 for hadrons (π±, K±, KS0, p, ϕ, Λ and Ξ−) from Au+Au collisions at sNN = 3 GeV and v2 for (π±, K±, p and p‾) at 27 and 54.4 GeV with the STAR experiment. While at the two higher energy midcentral collisions the number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling holds, at 3 GeV the v2 at midrapidity is negative for all hadrons and the NCQ scaling is absent. In addition, the v1 slopes at midrapidity for almost all observed hadrons are found to be positive, implying dominant repulsive baryonic interactions. The features of negative v2 and positive v1 slope at 3 GeV can be reproduced with a baryonic mean-field in transport model calculations. These results imply that the medium in such collisions is likely characterized by baryonic interactions. © 2025 The Authors.

Background: There is a need to develop comprehensive guidelines to encourage the promotion of oral hygiene care among older adults and to assist caregivers in this endeavor, taking into consideration the specific challenges that arise from aging, comorbidities and caregiving. Methods: This review was conducted by searching across relevant literature from meta-databases including Academic Google, PubMed, Scielo and Scopus for studies published from 2020 to 2024. PRISMA guidelines were followed. We included articles that described oral hygiene methods, caregiver education and mechanization status of older adults. Common themes, best practices, and gaps in current guidelines were tracked using extracted and analyzed data. Results: The review revealed multiple factors affecting the oral hygiene of older adults, with themes relating to physical impairment, cognitive dysfunction, and caregiver involvement. Highlighted between the approaches are individualized therapy for oral hygiene, caregiver education, and the use of technology to improve adherence to oral hygiene. Barriers like dental care access, underlying medical conditions complicating dental treatments, and cost considerations were identified. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the necessity of clear recommendations that can help caregivers and advance dental care for older adults. © 2025 by the authors.

Period poverty refers to the lack of access to or affordability of menstrual hygiene supplies such as sanitary products and the inaccessibility of washing facilities, waste disposal and educational materials. Period poverty can significantly affect menstruating individuals’ physical, mental, and reproductive health and emotional wellbeing; negatively impact educational outcomes; cause financial strain; result in absenteeism from work and school; create barriers to healthcare access; and perpetuate poor health outcomes for generations. Barriers to menstrual equity include lack of access to period support, cost, poor sanitary facilities, lack of education, social and cultural stigma, and legal restrictions. Therefore, it is crucial to actively advocate for initiatives to increase access to menstrual hygiene products, raise public awareness, and educate individuals on safe menstrual practices. Approximately 500 million girls and women worldwide and an estimated 16.9 million people in the United States experience period poverty, with the issue being particularly common among marginalized groups such as Black or Hispanic menstruating individuals and those who are homeless, living in poverty, of low income, or attending college. This article investigates the physical, psychological, educational and social impacts of inequitable access to menstrual products, menstrual education, and sanitation facilities among menstruating individuals who are Black, Hispanic or of low income within the United States. We examine the threat this poses to health equity and propose recommendations to address this pervasive issue. © 2025 by the authors.

Background: Mothers and pregnant women who use opioids are particularly vulnerable. Mothers often fear surveillance, stigma, and loss of custody of their children when seeking treatment. Although opioid agonist therapy (OAT) has been shown to be effective, access varies regionally, and not all mothers can cease using opioids. This study compares outcomes of mothers who use opioids in the UK with universal healthcare and OAT access, and mothers in the U.S. with restricted healthcare and OAT access, focusing on their interactions with services. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of two studies on mothers who use opioids. Data were collected from nine mothers in Scotland (UK) and 20 mothers in New Jersey (US) through ethnographic, longitudinal studies spanning one year. The UK study used a “Learning Alliance” engagement approach, a patient/public engagement model that involves stakeholders in developing objectives and the dissemination of findings. The US study engaged “community-based consultants,” who are paid individuals with lived experience from the study field communities to assist researchers in recruitment and ethnographic fieldwork. Ethical approval was received from review boards. Data were anonymized before analysis, and people with lived experience provided feedback on findings. Grounded theory methods were used for analysis. Results: Findings reveal both convergent and divergent experiences. Mothers in Scotland had more access to healthcare and social housing but faced increased surveillance, while New Jersey mothers often experienced housing insecurity and difficulty obtaining healthcare. Shared challenges included trust issues, stigmatization, inconsistent practitioner engagement, responsibilization, and unclear expectations from child protection services. While Scottish mothers had better access to OAT, both groups faced child custody loss due to unregulated drug use. Mothers in both studies were struggling to meet reunification requirements of abstinence (with or without OAT) within the required time frame. Conclusions: Differing governance structures create persistent challenges across national boundaries. While health practitioners generally support harm reduction strategies, it does not go beyond OAT for mothers. Our findings indicate the need for radical harm reduction approaches with social justice for mothers who use drugs, including safer parental drug use strategies. © The Author(s) 2025.