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China’s rapidly aging population makes retiree well-being an increasingly  urgent policy concern. Using data from the China Health and Retirement  Longitudinal Study (2013-2018), this study examines the determinants of  happiness among Chinese retirees, with particular attention to differences  across gender and age groups. The findings indicate that health status, geographic location, and marital status are significantly associated with retirement happiness. In addition, intergenerational caregiving significantly  increases happiness among male retirees but shows no comparable effect  among female retirees, suggesting that caregiving provides different  psychological benefits across genders. These findings deepen our understanding of the socioeconomic and demographic factors shaping  subjective well-being in later life.