Test accommodations for students with disabilities - Spear-Swerling, L (Contemporary Psychology-Apa Review of Books, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:000082849600026
Keywords: dept.sed

Social perceptions of people with disabilities in history - Spear-Swerling, L (Contemporary Psychology, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:000079439600011
Keywords: dept.sed

Curing our `epidemic' of learning disabilities - Spear-Swerling, L; Sternberg, RJ (Phi Delta Kappan, 1998)
tex.unique-id: ISI:000071403800015
Keywords: dept.sed; ⛔ No DOI found

The ethics of special-education - howe,kr, miramontes,ob - Levy, IS (American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1994)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1994NM64000011
Keywords: dept.sed; ⛔ No DOI found

The Study and Teaching of Ethics for Persons with Mental-Retardation - Dykeman, KJ; Levy, IS (Mental Retardation, 1991)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991GU77500001
Keywords: dept.sed; ⛔ No DOI found

Alternative spirituality and environmentalism - Bloch, JP (Review of Religious Research, 1998)
The relationship between religiosity and environmentalism has previously been examined by studying conservative versus liberal Christian affiliation. This study explores environmentalist attitudes amongst persons whose religiosity does not fit conventional patterns: the so-called “alternative” or “countercultural” spiritual community (e.g, New Age, Neo-Paganism). This network of individuals finds commonalty and solidarity not through organizational ties or a singular theology, but through an overriding ideology that challenges the alleged rigidity and dualistic dogma of mainstream society, and so suggests a new form of social movement. Central to this critique of the mainstream is the notion that the earth is just as sacred as the “heavens,” and so by preserving the earth, one is being “spiritual. “ Excerpts from in-depth interviews with 22 alternative spiritualists feature numerous key environmental/spiritual themes. These excerpts indicate that issues such as religiosity, “liberal” versus “conservative” affiliation, and environmental politics can take on different meanings when explored outside of mainline Christianity.
16 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:000075547900004
Keywords: dept.soc

Gauging the strength of evidence prior to plea bargaining: the interpretive procedures of court-appointed defense attorneys - Emmelman, Debra S (Law and Social Inquiry-journal of The American Bar Foundation, 1997)
An important debate among court observers is whether plea bargaining undermines the ideals of justice. This article presents findings that may reconcile some inconsistent research conclusions. It describes how, prior to plea bargaining, one group of court-appointed defense attorneys gauges the strength of evidence through a tacit, taken-for-granted process that emulates trial proceedings: based on their understanding of evidence in the legal community, defenders imagine a courtroom dialogue wherein the prosecution and defense take turns presenting their cases in front of a judge and jury. At issue throughout the dialogue is whether or to what extent information is sufficient, legal, and persuasive enough to convict the defendant. Because the process is part of the defenders' ongoing and unspoken daily routines, it may elude unsuspecting investigators. Ironically, this means not only that some analysts may inappropriately conclude that legal ideals play no role in plea bargaining but also that: others may ingenuously assume that such behavior is more ethical than it actually is.
10 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/004-264-159-069-208 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.soc

Trial by plea bargain: Case settlement as a product of recursive decisionmaking - Emmelman, DS (Law & Society Review, 1996)
Through presentation of ethnographic research findings on court-appointed defense attorneys, this article examines plea bargaining as a component of a recursive process for deciding whether a case should be settled immediately or proceed further. The decisionmaking process has three types of activities: assessing the offer for a guilty plea, negotiating the terms of a plea bargain, and counseling the defendant and deciding on a course of action. Until a criminal case is actually settled either through a final plea agreement or a jury trial, this decisionmaking process occurs over and over again. Viewed as a component of this recursive process, plea bargaining encompasses multiple episodes of negotiating behavior as well as a wide range of formal litigation proceedings. Perhaps more important, plea bargaining and trial procedures can actually be seen to converge. I conclude that this mode of plea bargaining is not merely an effective method for representing defendants but perhaps equally or more effective than trial. Some important limitations of the findings are also discussed.
31 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1996UX39800005
Keywords: dept.soc

Self-help for grandmothers parenting again - Winston, Carole A (Journal of Social Distress and The Homeless, 1999)
Increasingly, grandmothers are parenting grandchildren in homes where parental presence is sporadic or nonexistent. A disproportionate percentage of African American grandparents fall in this category. The author reviews the literature on the African American grandmother in the context of the African American family and describes a practice model for service provision to those women who seek support as they “parent again.”
2 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/109-228-197-953-570 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: African American; Empowerment model; Parenting grandparents; Support group; dept.swk

Outreach workers' experiences in a homeless outreach project: issues of boundaries, ethics and staff safety - Fisk, Deborah; Rakfeldt, Jaak; Heffernan, Katie; Rowe, Michael (Psychiatric Quarterly, 1999)
Mental health professionals and researchers have emphasized the importance of conducting outreach to locate homeless persons with mental illness, and of creatively engaging these persons into a therapeutic relationship. These outreach and engagement activities raise challenging issues in the areas of client-staff boundaries, professional ethics, and staff safety. While several issues in each of these three key areas have received attention in the growing literature on homelessness, certain issues within each area remain unexplored. The authors draw from the street experiences of outreach staff in a federally funded homeless outreach project to further explore each of these areas, and suggest that experiences of outreach workers are essential in shaping and redefining work activities in these, and other important areas.
21 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/013-568-232-725-910 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Alcohol Use Among Latino Males - Colon, Edgar (Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 1998)
This paper examines the factors surrounding the use of alcohol among Latino males. Prevention and treatment strategies for the provision of culturally competent treatment services are proposed, based on an analysis of the literature.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/168-066-382-277-325, pop00295 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: alcoholism; article; dept.swk; ethnic group; health care delivery; health care planning; human; incidence; preventive health service; united states

Distance learning in social work education - Siegel, Elbert; Jennings, Joanne G; Conklin, Jack; Flynn, Shelly A Napoletano (Journal of Social Work Education, 1998)
This article reports data collected from a national survey of all accredited social work programs conducted between December 1995 and February 1996. The purpose was to assess current usage of distance learning in social work education. The findings suggest that the use of distance learning has increased, and that the most prevalent issues reported by educators involve adapting instructional material for course presentation and faculty preparation. Implications of the study findings for social work education are also discussed.
75 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:000072567700007, lens.org/049-049-144-684-671 tex.organization: [object Object] tex.type: [object Object] tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Normalizing acute care: A day hospital/crisis residence alternative to inpatient hospitalization - Rakfeldt, J.; Tebes, J.K.; Steiner, J.; Walker, P.L.; Davidson, L.; Sledge, W.H. (Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1997)
Normalization is the use of culturally valued means to enable people with disabilities to live culturally valued lives. In this article, the authors describe an effort to bring normalization practices to acute psychiatric care. They describe a day hospital/crisis respite diversion program that serves as an alternative to acute inpatient hospitalization and sketch the research project that fostered it. The authors argue that a day hospital/crisis respite provides effective clinical care comparable to inpatient hospitalization but achieves greater potential for recovery through a normalizing philosophy and practice. An implication of this finding is that such programs based on the principle of normalization may be both cost effective as well as more empowering for patients.
4 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: Acute Disease; Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Community Mental Health Centers; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Crisis Intervention; Day Care; Female; Group Homes; Health Care Costs; Health Services Research; Hospitalization; Humans; Mental Disorders; Psychotic Disorders; adult; article; case report; crisis intervention; day hospital; dept.swk; female; human

Program design and planning strategies in the delivery of culturally competent health and mental health prevention and treatment services to latino communities - Colon, Edgar (Journal of Multicultural Social Work, 1997)
It is important that the delivery of health and mental health prevention and treatment services within Latino communities be culturally sensitive. This article outlines several ways in which agencies can develop programs that can meet the needs of Latino communities. The most important aspect of the provision of health prevention and treatment services is that the organization integrates itself into the community through outreach, recruitment, and inclusion in decision-making. In addition, the organization needs to be structured so communication and participation from the community and health professionals are open and mixed. Otherwise, the likelihood of success of the provision of services in the community will be diminished. © 1996 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
7 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/029-747-055-276-900 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

The development of self-love and managed care - Or, reflections on being a tutor - Weimer, SE (Smith College Studies in Social Work, 1996)
The numbers of children at risk who are referred to child treatment programs are on the rise. This article explores the therapeutic relationship as it develops with such a child, and questions the impact managed care will have on that treatment. Concepts of a holding environment, personalization (the development of self-love, a necessary precursor to object love), the good-enough mother and Else of the therapist as a real person. who furthers development, are highlighted via case material.
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1996UU23800010
Keywords: dept.swk

Working memory, attention, and communication disturbances in schizophrenia. - Docherty, Nancy M; Hawkins, Keith A; Hoffman, Ralph E; Quinlan, Donald M; Rakfeldt, Jaak; Sledge, William H (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1996)
The authors hypothesized that schizophrenic communication disturbances reflect specific cognitive deficits in the areas of working memory and attention. They examined the cognitive correlates of communication disturbances, as measured by linguistic reference performance, in schizophrenic (n = 48), bipolar (n = 24), and nonpsychiatric control (n = 23) individuals. Reference performance ratings in the schizophrenic patients were associated with scores on tests of working memory and attention and were not related to performance on concept formation or verbal fluency tests. In contrast, in the bipolar and nonpsychiatric individuals, reference performance was associated with concept formation and verbal fluency test scores but was not related to performance on tests of working memory. Implications with respect to the processes underlying schizophrenic communication disturbances are discussed.
77 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.type: Journal article
Keywords: adult; article; attention; bipolar depression; cognitive defect; controlled study; dept.swk; female; human; interpersonal communication; major clinical study; male; memory; rating scale; schizophrenia; task performance; verbal communication

Persistence by 2-Year college graduates to 4-Year colleges and universities. - Dworkin, Stephen L (Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 1996)
Most community college graduates do not continue on for study in 4-year colleges and universities. Fewer than 20% do so within the first few years after receiving their associate's degrees. Concerns have been expressed about the extent to which older students (e.g., students who received their degrees at age 25 and above) persist (go on) to 4-year colleges and universities and about the correlates of persistence for this group. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between a selected number of academic, social, and personal variables in the context of predicting persistence to a 4-year public university among older graduates of a New England state’s public 2-year institutions. Data were collected in 1988 and 1989 from a random sample of 3,762 older associate's degree students from the 12 community colleges in Connecticut. These data were then subjected to a two-group, single-function discriminant function analysis to determine the predictive power of the dependent measures used in the study. The results indicated that the higher the perceptions of social and institutional support in community colleges and the higher the age of the graduates, the more apt they were to persist to a 4-year institution. Further analysis, however, revealed that the average persister was 38 years old, whereas the average attritor was 34 years old, suggesting the need for further research among 2-year college populations among the over-30 age group as well as replication of the study in states with both similar and dissimilar demographic shifts in college populations. © 1996 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/009-723-617-763-486 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Chapter 1: AIDS and Homophobia/Heterosexism - Appleby, George Alan (Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 1995)
Homophobia and heterosexism are complementary social processes that shaped the social construction and the public health response to AIDS. Both concepts view gay and lesbian oppression from different vantage points. Homophobia is a weapon of sexism and is manifested in fear and hatred. Heterosexism is an ideological system that denigrates non-heterosexual behavior. Both processes are well served by the social institutions of family, religion, law, and the ideologies of sexuality and gender. The consequences have been societal and personal: inadequate HIV medical and social services; lack of a national AIDS policy; widespread discrimination and prejudice against gay men, lesbians, and persons living with AIDS; stress, violence, and suicide; substance abuse; and HIV risk behavior and relapse. Mental health and social services, social supports, education and prevention programs, community development, and social action to broaden civil rights and to challenge institutional oppression are required to counter the ravages of hate and discrimination. © 1995 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
5 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00186 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Training gerontological social workers for nursing home practice - Gesino, Jack Paul; Siegel, Elbert (Gerontology & Geriatrics Education, 1995)
An escalating elderly population has necessitated a corresponding need for social workers trained in gerontology and who can practice in nursing homes. In order to enhance professional knowledge and skills, the authors present a teaching model that uses an apprenticeship framework to help students develop social work skills in working with elderly residents in long term care facilities. Responses to student reaction worksheets were analyzed in order to assess student experiences, the progress of skill development and the amelioration of bias as a relationship develops develops between client and social worker. The authors propose the use of a "reflective practicum" enhanced by group processes as a way to enhance training. © 1995 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/104-387-152-013-223 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

No place like home: A study of two homeless shelters - Friedman, Bruce David (Journal of Social Distress and The Homeless, 1994)
Homelessness is one of the most pressing social problems today. Society has responded to the problem with the creation of homeless shelters. Yet, the nature of the operation of the shelter is not defined. This study explored the operations of two single adult homeless shelters to understand how they operate in addressing the problem of homelessness. The study identified two different types of services, one called `'house” and the other `'home”. House services provided basic food, shelter, and linkage to social services, which fulfilled the basic definition of the problem of homelessness as defined by the Institute of Medicine. Home services provided the basic services of house but also went one step beyond by providing these services within the context of a supportive environment, thus creating informal social supports. The study discusses the implications of each of these modalities in addressing the problems associated with people who are homeless as well as the differences in policies and structures which contribute to one shelter providing house and the other home services.
4 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/063-532-898-166-966 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

No easy answers and A delicate balance - Siegel, Elbert (Gerontologist, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/031-129-764-057-755 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Strengthening the “Bio” in the biopsychosocial paradigm - Johnson, Harriette C; Atkins, Susan P; Battle, Stanley F; Hernandezarata, Laurele; Hesselbrock, Michie N; Libassi, Mary Frances; Parish, Michael S (Journal of Social Work Education, 1990)
12 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/008-446-642-748-019 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.swk

Word Building - a Strategic Approach to the Teaching of Phonics - Gunning, TG (Reading Teacher, 1995)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1995QK74000004
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Cognitive profiles of reading-disabled children: comparison of language skills in phonology, morphology, and syntax: - Shankweiler, Donald; Crain, Stephen; Katz, Leonard; Fowler, Anne E; Liberman, Alvin M; Brady, Susan; Thornton, Rosalind; Lundquist, Eric; Dreyer, Lois G; Fletcher, Jack M; Stuebing, Karla K; Shaywitz, Sally E; et al. (Psychological Science, 1995)
A comprehensive cognitive appraisal of elementary school children with learning disabilities showed that within the language sphere, deficits associated with reading disability are selective: Phonological deficits consistently accompany reading problems whether they occur in relatively pure form or in the presence of coexisting attention deficit or arithmetic disability. Although reading-disabled children were also deficient in production of morphologically related forms, this difficulty stemmed in large part from the same weakness in the phonological component that underlies reading disability. In contrast, tests of syntactic knowledge did not distinguish reading-disabled children from those with other cognitive disabilities, nor from normal children after covarying for intelligence.
266 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/008-040-195-741-957 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.rdg

Postcards from america - mullin,p - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1993)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1993KU11700036
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

The Need to Know Library - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1993)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1993KU11700037
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

The learning-disabled child - farnhamdiggory,s - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1993)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1993KH66900025
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Why Does Baby Cry - Feagin,m, Feagin,c - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1991)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991ET96500028
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

More Incredible True Adventures - Wulffson,dl - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1990)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1990CZ75400034
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Readability of literature and popular titles - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AQ58500029
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Selected from one more time - burnett,c - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AQ58500028
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

The ghosts of blackpoint - mullin,p - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AQ58500027
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Big rigs - nentl,ja - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987G985500018
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Corvette, america supercar - hoffman,j - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987G985500017
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Kon-Tiki - Heyerdahl,t - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987G985500020
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

The rattlesnake - green,cr, sanford,wr - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987G985500019
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Panic 5 - Hallman,r - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987G332400017
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

High-Low Handbook - Libretto,ev - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1986)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1986E825100021
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Incredible True Adventures - Wulffson,dl - Gunning, TG (Journal of Reading, 1986)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1986E825100020
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Wrong level test - wrong information - Gunning, TG (Reading Teacher, 1982)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1982NM65600004
Keywords: dept.rdg; ⛔ No DOI found

Correlates of sexual satisfaction in marriage - Young, M; Denny, George; Luquis, Raffy; Young, Tamera (Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 1998)
Hypotheses concerning possible correlates of sexual satisfaction in marriage were tested using the replies of 797 married women and men of diverse ages to a 70-item mailed questionnaire that contained seven Likert-type sub-scales measuring different sexual and non-sexual variables. Multiple regression analysis, using sexual satisfaction as the dependent variable, yielded a five-variable model that accounted for a significant portion of the variation in sexual satisfaction (Adjusted R Squared = .602). The variable 'overall satisfaction with marriage' had the highest correlation with sexual satisfaction (r = .622), followed by 'satisfaction with non-sexual aspects of the relationship' (r = .609), frequency of spouse/partner orgasm per sexual encounter (r = .529), frequency of sexual activity (r = .370), and 'sexual uninhibitedness' (r = .230). None of three measures of religiosity made a significant contribution to explaining the variation on self reported sexual satisfaction. Men and women did not differ in level of sexual satisfaction, and adding gender to the regression model did not increase the level of explained variation. The results indicate that sexual satisfaction in these married respondents could not be compartmentalized to their sexual interactions, but was strongly associated with non-sexual aspects of the overall marital relationship as well.
Citation Key Alias: lens.org/095-547-782-487-373 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Marital satisfaction; Relationship satisfaction; Religiosity; Sexual satisfaction; Spouse-partner orgasm consistency; aged; article; dept.pch; female; human; male; marriage; multiple regression; normal human; orgasm; questionnaire; religion; satisfaction; sexual behavior; ⛔ No DOI found

Recruitment of minority students to U.S. epidemiology degree programs - George, Diane Marie M.St.; Schoenbach, Victor J.; Reynolds, Gladys H.; Nwangwu, John; Adams-Campbell, Lucile L. (Annals of Epidemiology, 1997)
PURPOSE: African-, Hispanic-, and Native Americans are underrepresented in the field of epidemiology including degree programs. As part of the assessment component of its mandate, the American College of Epidemiology Committee on Minority Affairs conducted a survey of minority recruitment activities of U.S. epidemiology degree programs. METHODS: The survey, containing questions related to marketing activities, institutional infrastructure, financial support, academic offerings, and receptive/supportive environment, was mailed to all programs identified in Episource as offering epidemiology degrees. Separate responses were requested concerning activities at the department and school levels. RESULTS: Fifty- two completed questionnaires were received (response rate of 79%). All but two institutions had at least one activity conducted by either the department or the school. However, all activities were more common at the school- than at the department-level. Indeed, some activities [a written minority student recruitment plan (6% of departments and 52% of schools), personnel with minority recruitment responsibilities (4% of departments and 73% of schools] were almost exclusively school-sponsored. Although marketing-type activities were the most common minority recruitment tool used by departments, only 21% made visits to minority schools, 17% visited other colleges specifically to recruit minorities, and 12% produced materials targeted to ethnic/racial minorities. Six percent of the departments and 19% of the schools offered financial support (grants, fellowships, scholarships) to almost all underrepresented minority students. CONCLUSIONS: Even though individual epidemiology degree programs may not see a need for general recruitment activities in order to maintain the size of their applicant pool, minority- specific recruitment activities should be undertaken to enhance and diversify that pool. We recommend that epidemiology departments develop, adopt, and implement comprehensive written plans for the recruitment of underrepresented minority students into their programs.
6 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00101 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Adult; Career Choice; Educational Measurement; Epidemiology; Fellowships and Scholarships; Female; Humans; Male; Minority Groups; Minority groups; Minority health; School Admission Criteria; Schools; Public Health; Schools- veterinary; Schools-public health; Student recruitment; United States; article; dept.pch; education program; epidemiology; human; minority group; priority journal; questionnaire; student; united states

The impact of the Yale faculty development program: Clinical alcohol and drug research and education (cadre) on medical student teaching about substance abuse - O'Connor, Patrick G.; Pearsall, H. Rowland; Ball, Samuel A.; Forsyth, Brian W. C.; Faraclas, William G.; Schottenfeld, Richard S. (Substance Abuse, 1997)
Increasing emphasis on the need for medical student education about substance abuse has led to the development of a variety of training efforts through faculty development. The Yale University School of Medicine Faculty Development Program or CADRE (Clinical Alcohol and Drug Research and Education) was instituted in 1992 for the purpose of enhancing substance abuse teaching in the Yale medical student curriculum. CADRE faculty were identify in internal medicine, pediatrics, and psychiatry. Prior to the program, there was limited formal teaching about substance abuse in the Yale curriculum and no coordinated effort across disciplines. The enhancement of teaching activities occurred primarily within four required “core”; clinical clerkships for third‐and fourth‐year medical students. Student evaluations of this new teaching activity were positive. The CADRE program was successful at developing a multidisciplinary core faculty group with expertise in substance abuse teaching and resulted in the development of a coordinated, multidisciplinary substance abuse curriculum for Yale medical students.
2 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/156-310-363-042-797, pop00179 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Faculty development; Medical education; Substance abuse; article; clinical research; curriculum; dept.pch; education program; faculty development; medical education; medical student; substance abuse; teaching

New admission measure needed - Williams, AL; Gallup, P (Academic Medicine, 1997)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1997WN84700001
Keywords: Humans; School Admission Criteria; Schools; Medical; United States; dept.pch; education; human; letter; medical school

Homeless mentally ill veterans: race, service use, and treatment outcomes. - Rosenheck, Robert A; Leda, Catherine; Frisman, Linda K; Gallup, Peggy (American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1997)
Comparisons of service use and treatment outcomes for 145 black and 236 white homeless veterans with mental disorders showed few differences. A greater improvement in psychiatric symptoms and alcohol problems among white than black veterans did not hold true when black veterans had participated in the residential treatment component of the program. The implications of the findings for the successful treatment of homeless black veterans are discussed.
16 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/043-248-001-349-482 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Adult; African Americans; European Continental Ancestry Group; Female; Hispanic Americans; Homeless Persons; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Mental Health Services; Middle Aged; Residential Treatment; Veterans; article; cost effectiveness analysis; dept.pch; homelessness; mental disease; mental health service; outcomes research; race difference; residential care; soldier; treatment outcome

Effectiveness and cost of specific treatment elements in a program for homeless mentally-ill veterans - Rosenheck, R; Frisman, L; Gallup, P (Psychiatric Services, 1995)
Objective: The study examined relationships between specific treatment elements and their costs and ten outcome measures using data from a longitudinal outcome study of a Veterans Affairs program for homeless mentally ill veterans. Methods: Baseline and outcome data over an eight-month period were analyzed for 406 homeless veterans with psychiatric and substance use disorders who were treated in VA's Homeless Chronically Mentally Ill Veterans Program. Multivariate techniques were used to examine the relationship between ten measures of outcome and six treatment elements: program entry via community outreach, the number of contacts with program clinicians, the number of referrals for other services, duration of program involvement, number of days of residential treatment, and increased public support payments. Results: Each of the six treatment elements was significantly related to improvement on at least one of the ten outcome measures. The number of clinical contacts with program staff and the number of days in residential treatment were associated with improvement in the greatest number of outcome domains. However, improvement associated with residential treatment was far more costly than improvement related to other treatment elements. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of a multimodal approach to the treatment of homeless mentally ill persons. However, results indicate that special attention should be paid to to differences in the cost of improvement associated with various treatment elements.
tex.orcid-numbers: Frisman, Linda/0000-0002-6724-2210 tex.unique-id: ISI:A1995TC91800006
Keywords: dept.pch; ⛔ No DOI found

Measurement of the proportion of free to total prostate-specific antigen improves diagnostic performance of prostate-specific antigen in the diagnostic gray zone of total prostate-specific antigen - Luderer, Albert A.; Chen, Ya-Ting; Soriano, Thomas F.; Kramp, William J.; Carlson, Grant D.; Cuny, Carol; Sharp, Thomas; Smith, William; Petteway, Jason; Brawer, Michael K.; Thiel, Robert (Urology, 1995)
Objectives: This study examined the clinical significance of non-complexed (free) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer with an emphasis on patients with total PSA values between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL (the diagnostic gray zone). Methods: Serum samples were obtained from three specimen banks. Patient samples consisted of 55 untreated historically confirmed primary cancer, 62 men with untreated benign prostatic disease histologically confirmed by 6 negative sextant biopsies, and 64 asymptomatic healthy male controls with normal digital rectal examinations and PSA values less than 4.0 ng/mL. All patients were between the ages of 50 and 75 years. Total PSA levels were determined using the PA immunoassay performed on the TOSOH AIA-1200 automated immunoassay instrument. Free PSA levels were determined using a monoclonal-polyclonal antibody sandwich radioimmunoassay. The proportion of free to total PSA was calculated by dividing the patient's free PSA value by the total PSA value. Results: When all subjects were included, both total PSA and the proportion of free to total PSA significantly differentiated between patients with prostate cancer and patients with benign histologic conditions (P< 0.0001). However, in men with total PSA values between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL, the proportion of free to total PSA significantly differentiated between patients with benign and malignant histologic conditions (P = 0.0004), whereas the total PSA did not (P = 0.13). Among this subgroup of patients, the analysis of sensitivity and specificity showed that the proportion of free to total PSA had a clearly higher specificity compared with that of the total PSA at the same level of sensitivity. Conclusions: Measurement of the free PSA level in a patient's serum and calculation of the proportion of free to total PSA enhances the ability to distinguish benign histologic conditions from cancer while retaining high sensitivity for detecting cancer in men who present with total PSA levels between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL. A large-scale population-based study is currently in progress to confirm this preliminary finding. © 1995.
207 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00002 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Aged; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography; High Pressure Liquid; Comparative Study; Diagnosis; Differential; Human; Immunoassay; Male; Middle Age; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; ROC Curve; Radioimmunoassay; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; adult; article; cancer diagnosis; controlled study; dept.pch; diagnostic accuracy; differential diagnosis; early diagnosis; human; immunoassay; major clinical study; male; monoclonal antibody; polyclonal antibody; priority journal; prostate cancer; prostate specific antigen; tumor marker

Health-care utilization and costs after entry into an outreach program for homeless mentally-ill veterans - Rosenheck, R; Gallup, P; Frisman, LK (Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 1993)
Objective: This study evaluated the impact of a Department of Veterans Affairs outreach and residential treatment program for homeless mentally ill veterans on utilization and cost of health care services provided by the VA. Methods: Veterans at nine program sites (N = 1,748) were assessed with a standard intake instrument. Services provided by the outreach program were documented in quarterly clinical reports and in residential treatment discharge summaries. Data on nonprogram VA health service utilization and health care costs were obtained from national VA data bases. Changes in use of services and cost of services from the year before initial contact with the program to the year after were analyzed by t test. Multivariate analyses were used to examine the relationship of these changes to indicators of Clinical need and to participation in the outreach program. Results: Although utilization of inpatient service did not increase after veterans' initial contact with the program, use of domiciliary and outpatient services increased substantially. Total annual costs to the VA also increased by 35 percent, from $6,414 to $8,699 per veteran per year. Both clinical need and participation in the program were associated with increased use of health services and increased cost. Veterans with concomitant psychiatric and substance abuse problems used fewer health care services than others. Conclusions: Specialized programs to improve the access of homeless mentally ill persons to health care services appear to be effective, but costly. Dually diagnosed persons seem especially difficult to engage in treatment.
tex.orcid-numbers: Frisman, Linda/0000-0002-6724-2210 tex.unique-id: ISI:A1993MK09100008
Keywords: dept.pch; ⛔ No DOI found

Preferences for and against stimuli paired with food - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1999)
Pigeons were presented with a concurrent-chains schedule in which terminal-link entries were assigned to two response keys on a percentage basis. The terminal links were fixed delays that sometimes ended with food and sometimes did not. In most conditions, 80% of the terminal links were assigned to one key, but a smaller percentage of the terminal links ended with food for this key, so the number of food reinforcers delivered by the two alternatives was equal. When the same terminal-link stimuli (orange houselights) were used for both alternatives, the pigeons showed a preference for whichever alternative delivered more frequent terminal links. When different terminal-link stimuli (green vs. red houselights) were used for the two alternatives, the pigeons showed a preference for whichever alternative delivered fewer terminal links when terminal-link durations were long, and no systematic preferences when terminal-link durations were short. This pattern of results was consistent with the predictions of Grace's (1994) contextual choice model. Preference for the alternative that delivered more frequent terminal links was usually stronger in the first few sessions of a condition than at the end of a condition, suggesting that the conditioned reinforcing effect of the additional terminal-link presentations was, in part, transitory.
9 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/006-990-830-192-667 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: *Choice Behavior/ph [Physiology]; *Feeding Behavior/px [Psychology]; *Food Preferences; Animals; Behavior; Animal; Behavior; Animal/ph [Physiology]; Choice; Choice Behavior; Columbidae; Concurrent chains; Conditioned reinforcement; Conditioning (Psychology); Conditioning; Psychological; Feeding Behavior; Food Preferences; Key peck; Pigeons; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reinforcement probability; Reinforcement; Psychology; animal; animal behavior; article; conditioning; decision making; dept.psy; feeding behavior; food preference; physiology; pigeons and doves; psychological aspect; reinforcement

Compliance, noncompliance strategies, and the correlates of compliance in 5-year-old japanese and american children - Abe, Jo Ann A; Izard, Carroll E (Social Development, 1999)
The present study compared compliance, noncompliance strategies, and the correlates in 5-year old Japanese and American children were observed during three standardized laboratory procedures. Compliance, noncompliance strategies, and negative affect were coded during Toy Pick Up procedure. Maternal directiveness and mother-directed behaviors were coded during Mother-Child play and Free-play procedures, respectively. A baseline level of play was also obtained during the Free Play procedures to ensure that the children's willingness to engage in the Toy Pick Up procedure would not be confounded with their level of involvement with the toys. Consistent with predictions derived from a review of cross-cultural research on socialization practices, Japanese children showed longer latencies to begin picking up toys in response to maternal requests and were also more likely to engage in the `less skilled' noncompliance strategies of direct defiance and passive noncompliance than American children. The two groups of children did not, however, differ in their level of negative affect during the Toy Pick Up procedure. Contrary to expectations, maternal directiveness was not associated with compliance in either group of children. However, approach behavior to mother during Free Play was inversely correlated with compliance in Japanese, but not American children.
12 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/066-397-543-896-492 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Compliance; Cross-cultural; Preschool children; Self-regulation; dept.psy

A comparative study of quiet sleep, active sleep, and waking on the first 2 days of life - Carroll, D.A.; Denenberg, V.H.; Thoman, E.B. (Developmental Psychobiology, 1999)
Direct behavioral observation and motility monitoring procedures provide reliable data, and both are appropriate for sleep/wake state measurements starting immediately after birth. Using these procedures, newborn rats, rabbits, and humans were found to have a greater amount of quiet sleep on the day of birth rather than 24 hr later. Changes in active sleep and wake were inconsistent across the 2 days. The quiet sleep findings are contrary to the developmental course which increases with age. The findings are interpreted as a temporary adaptive response to the stress of the birth process.
12 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: Animalia; Animals; Animals and human infants; Animals; Newborn; Cross-species sleep; Female; Humans; Infant; Newborn; Male; Motor Activity; Newborn sleep; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Pregnancy; Rabbits; Rats; Sleep Stages; Sleep in neonates; Sleep; REM; Sleep/wake states in neonates; Species Specificity; Wakefulness; adaptive behavior; animal behavior; animal experiment; article; breathing rate; child behavior; dept.psy; human; human experiment; infant; nonhuman; normal human; rabbit; rat; sleep pattern; sleep time; sleep waking cycle; stress

Choice with delayed and probabilistic reinforcers: Effects of prereinforcer and postreinforcer stimuli - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1998)
In Experiment 1, pigeons' pecks on a green key led to a 5-s delay with green houselights, and then food was delivered on 20% (or, in other conditions, 50%) of the trials. Pecks on a red key led to an adjusting delay with red houselights, and then food was delivered on every trial. The adjusting delay was used to estimate indifference points: delays at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. Varying the presence or absence of green houselights during the delays that preceded possible food deliveries had large effects on choice. In contrast, varying the presence of the gr een or red houselights in the intertrial intervals had no effects on choice. In Experiment 2, pecks on the green key led to delays of either 5 s or 30 s with green houselights, and then food was delivered on 20% of the trials. Varying the duration of the green houselights on nonreinforced trials had no effect on choice. The results suggest that the green houselights served as a conditioned reinforcer at some rimes but not at others, depending on whether or nor there was a possibility that a primary reinforcer might be delivered. Given this interpretation of what constitutes a conditioned reinforcer, most of the results were consistent with the view that the strength of a conditioned reinforcer is inversely related to its duration.
8 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/010-649-994-407-690 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: *Choice Behavior/ph [Physiology]; *Conditioning; Psychological/ph [Physiology]; *Reinforcement; Psychology; Animals; Behavior; Animal; Behavior; Animal/ph [Physiology]; Choice; Choice Behavior; Columbidae; Conditioned reinforcement; Conditioning (Psychology); Delay; Key peck; Pigeons; Probability; Reinforcement (Psychology); Time Factors; animal; animal behavior; article; comparative study; conditioning; decision making; dept.psy; physiology; pigeons and doves; reinforcement; time

A longitudinal study of AIDS conversations between mothers and adolescents - Lefkowitz, ES; Kahlbaugh, P; Au, TKF; Sigman, M (Aids Education and Prevention, 1998)
The current study examined the stability of mother-adolescent AIDS conversations. Twenty-four mother-adolescent dyads (9 boys, 15 girls) participated at Time 1 (adolescents aged 10-14 years), and again 2 years later. Mothers and adolescents engaged in a videotaped conversation about AIDS and completed AIDS questionnaires. Conversations were coded for content and the extent to which mothers dominated conversations. Conversational dominance remained stable over time. AIDS knowledge was greater for mothers than adolescents, but it improved over time for adolescents while remaining stable for mothers. Mothers who reported discussing AIDS-related topics with their adolescents had less discrepancy between their own and their children's AIDS knowledge. Conversational dominance at Time 1 predicted discrepancy in AIDS knowledge 2 years later, whereas discrepancy in AIDS knowledge at Time 1 did not predict conversational dominance two years later. These results suggest the importance of interactive conversations as a more effective way of teaching than didactic conversations.
tex.orcid-numbers: Au, Terry/0000-0001-5810-488X tex.researcherid-numbers: Au, Terry/P-6045-2019 Au, Terry/A-2285-2010 tex.unique-id: ISI:000075395900006
Keywords: dept.psy; ⛔ No DOI found

Procrastination by pigeons with fixed-interval response requirements - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1998)
Two experiments studied the phenomenon of procrastination, in which pigeons chose a larger, more delayed response requirement over a smaller, more immediate response requirement. The response requirements were fixed-interval schedules that did not lead to an immediate food reinforcer, but that interrupted a 55-s period in which food was delivered at random times. The experiments used an adjusting-delay procedure in which the delay to the start of one fixed-interval requirement was varied over trials to estimate an indifference point-a delay at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. Experiment 1 found that as the delay to a shorter fixed-interval requirement was increased, the adjusting delay to a longer fixed-interval requirement also increased, and the rate of increase depended on the duration of the longer fixed-interval requirement. Experiment 2 found a strong preference for a fixed delay of 10 s to the start of a fixed-interval requirement compared to a mixed delay of either 0 or 20 s. The results help to distinguish among different equations that might describe the decreasing effectiveness of a response requirement with increasing delay, and they suggest that delayed reinforcers and delayed response requirements have symmetrical but opposite effects on choice.
7 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Place: United States Mazur, J E. Psychology Department, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, USA. mazur@scsu.ctstateu.edu
Keywords: *Behavior; Animal/ph [Physiology]; *Choice Behavior; *Feeding Behavior/px [Psychology]; *Reinforcement Schedule; Animals; Behavior; Animal; Choice; Choice Behavior; Columbidae; Delay; Feeding Behavior; Fixed-interval schedules; Key peck; Models; Psychological; Pigeons; Procrastination; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reinforcement Schedule; Reinforcement; Psychology; Time Factors; animal; animal behavior; article; comparative study; decision making; dept.psy; feeding behavior; physiology; pigeons and doves; psychological aspect; psychological model; reinforcement; time

Effects of Rate of Reinforcement and Rate of Change on Choice Behaviour in Transition - Mazur, J.E. (Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 1997)
In two experiments with pigeons, a single variable-interval schedule assigned reinforcers to two response keys on a percentage basis. The percentage of reinforcers assigned to each key was changed every few sessions, and subjects' choice responses were recorded before and after each change. In Experiment 1, the overall rate of reinforcement was varied across conditions The pigeons' choice responses adapted more quickly to a change in the reinforcement percentages when the overall reinforcement rates were higher, but acquisition rates varied by only about a factor of 3, whereas reinforcement rates were varied by about a factor of 9. In Experiment 2, the reinforcement percentages changed about every 8 sessions in Phases 1 and 3, but every 1 or 2 sessions in Phase 2. Pigeons' choice responses adapted to a change in reinforcement percentages more quickly in Phase 2 than in Phases 1 and 3. The results from both experiments pose difficulties for several prominent models of transitional choice behaviour. The results suggest that each successive reinforcer has more impact on a subject's subsequent choice behaviour when the overall rate of reinforcement is lower and when the reinforcement contingencies have changed frequently in the recent past.
Keywords: *Choice Behavior; *Reinforcement; Psychology; Animals; Behavior; Animal; Choice Behavior; Columbidae; Reinforcement (Psychology); animal; animal behavior; article; comparative study; decision making; dept.psy; pigeons and doves; reinforcement; ⛔ No DOI found

Comparative affective reactivity of different types of communication disturbances in schizophrenia - Docherty, Nancy M; Hebert, Anthony S (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1997)
34 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/058-153-643-757-958 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Basic and applied research on choice responding - Fisher, Wayne W; Mazur, James E (Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1997)
Choice responding refers to the manner in which individuals allocate their time or responding among available response options. In this article, we first review basic investigations that have identified and examined variables that influence choice responding, such as response effort and reinforcement rate, immediacy, and quality. We then describe recent bridge and applied studies that illustrate how the results of basic research on choice responding can help to account for human behavior in natural environments and improve clinical assessments and interventions.
136 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/094-509-768-839-105 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

The affective nature of Mother–Adolescent communication concerning sexuality and conflict - Kahlbaugh, Patricia E; Lefkowitz, Eva S; Valdez, Patricia; Sigman, Marian (Journal of Research on Adolescence, 1997)
This 2-year longitudinal study examined the affective nature of communication between mothers and adolescents from early to mid-adolescence. Eleven-to 16-year-old adolescents and their mothers were videotaped while engaging in conversations about everyday topics, dating and sexuality, and conflicts. Nonverbal displays of affiliation, embarrassment, and contempt were found to be fairly stable across conversations, across members of the same dyad, and across time for the mothers. However, there were some effects of conversational topic in that adolescents displayed less affiliation in the conflict conversation than in the other conversations during the 1st session. In addition, boys displayed more contempt when talking about dating and sexuality than about conflicts. Over the 2-year period, the level of affiliation decreased for adolescents, and maternal conversational dominance increased. In all conversations and at both time periods, adolescents displayed more embarrassment and contempt and less affiliation than did mothers. Both maternal and adolescent levels of affiliation during the conversations in the 1st session predicted degree of satisfaction with certain family characteristics expressed in the 2nd session. Copyright © 1997, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
19 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/085-813-705-746-702 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Choice, delay, probability, and conditioned reinforcement - Mazur, James E (Animal Learning & Behavior, 1997)
The hyperbolic-decay model is a mathematical expression of the relation between delay and reinforcer value. The model has been used to predict choices in discrete-trial experiments on delay-amount tradeoffs, on preference for variable over fixed delays, and on probabilistic reinforcement. Experiments manipulating the presence or absence of conditioned reinforcers on trials that end without primary reinforcement have provided evidence that the hyperbolic-decay model actually predicts the strength of conditioned reinforcers rather than the strength of delayed primary reinforcers. The model states that the strength of a conditioned reinforcer is inversely related to the time spent in its presence before a primary reinforcer is delivered. A possible way to integrate the model with Grace's (1994) contextual-choice model for concurrent-chain schedules is presented. Also discussed are unresolved difficulties in determining exactly when a stimulus will or will not serve as a conditioned reinforcer.
95 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/068-690-976-083-37X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: article; behavior; conditioning; decision making; dept.psy; model; nonhuman; reinforcement; theory

Choice with certain and uncertain reinforcers in an adjusting-delay procedure - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1996)
A discrete-trials adjusting-delay procedure was used to investigate the conditions under which pigeons might show a preference for partial reinforcement over 100% reinforcement, an effect reported in a number of previous experiments. A peck on a red key always led to a delay with red houselights and then food. In each condition, the duration of the red-houselight delay was adjusted to estimate an indifference point. In 100% reinforcement conditions, a peck on a green key always led to a delay with green houselights and then food. In partial-reinforcement conditions, a peck on the green key led either to the green houselights and food or to white houselights and no food. In some phases of the experiment, statistically significant preference for partial reinforcement over 100% reinforcement was found, but this effect was observed in only about half of the pigeons. The effect was largely eliminated when variability in the delay stimulus colors was equated for 50% reinforcement conditions and 100% reinforcement conditions. Idiosyncratic preferences for certain colors or for stimulus variability may be at least partially responsible for the effect.
30 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Place: United States Mazur, J E. Psychology Department, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, USA.
Keywords: *Appetitive Behavior; *Choice Behavior; *Motivation; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Choice; Choice Behavior; Color Perception; Columbidae; Conditioned reinforcers; Key peck; Motivation; Pigeons; Reinforcement Schedule; Reinforcement delay; Reinforcement probability; animal; appetite; article; color vision; decision making; dept.psy; motivation; pigeons and doves; reinforcement; ❓ Multiple DOI

Turn-taking in mother-adolescent conversations about sexuality and conflict - Lefkowitz, Eva S; Kahlbaugh, Patricia E; Sigman, Marian (Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1996)
The current study examined the nature and style of mother-adolescent conversations, how these conversations differ by subject matter and dyadic and individual differences. Thirty-one mother-adolescent dyads (17 boys, 14 girls) with a child between the ages of 11 and 14 had a nonstructured conversation and conversations about conflict and sexuality They also completed questionnaires on beliefs about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Conversations were measured for turn taking, total number of words, and conversational dominance, as well as nonverbal measures of affiliation, shame, and contempt Conversations about sexuality involved less turn taking, fewer words, and more mother dominance than nonstructured conversations. Conversations about conflicts involved less turn taking but more words than nonstructured conversations Some gender and age differences were found. Move interactive conflict conversations contained higher levels of affiliation, and lower levels of child shame than conversations with fewer turns or higher mother dominance. In addition, children in move interactive dyads possessed a larger percentage of their mother's AIDS knowledge, and worried about AIDS a moderate amount.
39 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/024-871-870-266-289 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

To forget or not to forget: The effect of probability of test on directed forgetting - Golding, JM; Roper, KL; Hauselt, J (Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section a-Human Experimental Psychology, 1996)
Two experiments investigated how individuals use explicit memory cues that designate different probabilities of test. As in typical directed forgetting studies, subjects received words explicitly cued as having either a 0% or a 100% chance of being on a subsequent memory test (i.e. forget and remember cues, respectively). In addition, some words were explicitly cued as having the potential to be either forgotten or remembered (i.e. a 50% cue). Recall of 50% words was between that of 0% and 100% words. In addition, the presence of 50% words lowered recall of the 100% words compared to that of a control group that did not receive the 50% words, but received the same number of 100% words. A think-aloud task indicated that these results were due to the 50% words being treated like either 100% or 0% words at encoding. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of different probabilities of test on the strategic processing and representation of information.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.orcid-numbers: Roper, Karen/0000-0002-7281-1713 tex.unique-id: ISI:A1996UV09500004
Keywords: Adult; Attention; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Recall; Probability Learning; Verbal Learning; adult; article; attention; dept.psy; female; human; learning; male; recall

Past experience, recency, and spontaneous recovery in choice behavior - Mazur, James E (Learning & Behavior, 1996)
Pigeons' responses on two keys were recorded before and after the percentage of reinforcers delivered by each key was changed. In each condition of Experiment 1, the reinforcement percentage for one key was 50% for several sessions, then either 70% or 90% for one, two, or three sessions, and then 50% for another few sessions. At the start of the second and third sessions after a change in reinforcement percentages, choice percentages often exhibited spontaneous recovery-a reversion to the response percentages of earlier sessions. The spontaneous recovery consisted of a shift toward a more extreme response percentage in some cases and toward a less extreme response percentage in other cases, depending on what reinforcement percentages were previously in effect. In Experiment 2, some conditions included a 3-day rest period before a change in reinforcement percentages, and other conditions included no such rest days. Slightly less spontaneous recovery was observed in conditions with the rest periods, suggesting that the influence of prior sessions diminished with the passage of time. The results are consistent with the view that choice behavior at the start of a new session is based on a weighted average of the events of the past several sessions.
37 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/143-816-663-594-485 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animalia; Columba; animal behavior; animal experiment; article; computer simulation; conditioning; decision making; dept.psy; experience; feeding; model; nonhuman; pigeon; reinforcement; reliability

STIR Success Through Individual Recreation: Working with the low-functioning resident with dementia or Alzheimer's disease: - Russen-Rondinone, Tonya; DesRoberts, Anne-Marie M. (American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 1996)
STIR, Success Through Individual Recreation is examined to determine the benefits of individualized recreational activities geared towards the lower functioning...
5 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.psy

Procrastination by pigeons: Preference for larger, more delayed work requirements - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1996)
In three experiments, pigeons chose between alternatives that required the completion of a small ratio schedule early in the trial or a larger ratio schedule later in the trial. Completion of the ratio requirement did not lead to an immediate reinforcer, but simply allowed the events of the trial to continue. In Experiment 1, the ratio requirements interrupted periods in which food was delivered on a variable-time schedule. In Experiments 2 and 3, each ratio requirement was preceded and followed by a delay, and only one reinforcer was delivered, at the end of each trial. Two of the experiments used an adjusting-ratio procedure in which the ratio requirement was increased and decreased over trials so as to estimate an indifference point-a ratio size at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. These experiments found clear evidence for `'procrastination”-the choice of a larger but more delayed response requirement. In some cases, subjects chose the more delayed ratio schedule even when it was larger than the more immediate alternative by a factor of four or more. The results suggest that as the delay to the start of a ratio requirement is increased, it has progressively less effect on choice behavior, in much the same way that delaying a positive reinforcer reduces it effect on choice.
20 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/089-003-563-128-044 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: *Appetitive Behavior; *Conditioning; Operant; *Motivation; *Reinforcement Schedule; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Attention; Choice; Choice Behavior; Columbidae; Conditioning; Operant; Delay; Inhibition (Psychology); Inhibition; Psychological; Key peck; Motivation; Pigeons; Problem Solving; Procrastination; Ratio schedules; Reinforcement Schedule; animal; appetite; article; attention; decision making; dept.psy; inhibition (psychology); instrumental conditioning; motivation; pigeons and doves; problem solving; reinforcement

The process of answering direction‐giving questions when someone is lost on a university campus: The role of pragmatics - Golding, Jonathan M; Graesser, Arthur C; Hauselt, Jerry (Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1996)
Two experiments investigated how college students answered direction-giving questions when a confederate asked for directions to a destination on a university campus. The experiments applied the QUEST model (Graesser and Franklin, 1990) to direction giving, emphasizing the pragmatic component of the model that focuses on establishing common ground and dealing with the questioner's goals. The two experiments had different articulations of the direction-giving question (i.e.'How do you get to destination X?' versus `Where is destination X?'), and a different destination. The answers generated by subjects supported both aspects of the pragmatic component.
27 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/070-512-736-743-674 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Conditioned reinforcement and choice with delayed and uncertain primary reinforcers - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1995)
In an adjusting-delay choice procedure, pigeons could peck on either a red key or a green key. A peck on the red key always led to a delay associated with red houselights and then food. The delay was adjusted over trials to estimate an indifference point-a delay at which the two keys were chosen about equally often. In some conditions, a peck on the green key led to food on all trials after delays of either 10 a or 30 s, and green houselights were lit during the delays. In other conditions, food was presented on only half of the green-key trials. If the green houselights continued to occur on both reinforcement and nonreinforcement trials, preference for the green key always decreased. Preference for the green key also decreased if half of the trials had 30-s houselights followed by food and the other half had no green houselights and no food. However, preference for the green key actually increased if half of the trials had 10-s green houselights followed by food and the other half had no green houselights followed by no food. The latter condition therefore demonstrated a case in which preference for an alternative increased when food was removed from half of the trials. The results suggest that the red and green houselights served as conditioned reinforcers. A hyperbolic decay model (Mazur, 1989) provided good predictions for all conditions by assuming that the strength of a conditioned reinforcer is inversely related to the total time spent in its presence before food is delivered.
55 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/014-778-348-905-085 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Association Learning; Choice Behavior; Color Perception; Conditioning; Operant; Discrimination Learning; Mental Recall; Motivation; Pigeons; Reinforcement Schedule; Retention (Psychology); Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; animal; article; choice; color vision; conditioned reinforcement; decision making; delay of reinforcement; dept.psy; discrimination learning; instrumental conditioning; key peck; learning; long term memory; motivation; pigeon; pigeons; probability of reinforcement; recall; reinforcement

Development of preference and spontaneous recovery in choice behavior with concurrent variable-interval schedules - Mazur, James E (Animal Learning & Behavior, 1995)
Pigeons pecked on two response keys that delivered reinforcers on a variable-interval schedule. The proportion of reinforcers delivered by one key was constant for a few sessions and then changed, and subjects' choice responses were recorded during these periods of transition. In Experiment 1, response proportions approached a new asymptote slightly more slowly when the switch in reinforcement proportions was more extreme. In Experiment 2, slightly faster transitions were found with higher overall rates of reinforcement. The results from the first session, after a switch in the reinforcement proportions, were generally consistent with a mathematical model that assumes that the strength of each response is increased by reinforcement and decreased by nonreinforcement. However, neither this model nor other similar models; predicted the `'spontaneous recovery” observed in later sessions: At the start of these sessions, response proportions reverted toward their preswitch levels. Computer simulations could mimic the spontaneous recovery by assuming that subjects store separate representations of response strength for each session, which are averaged at the start of each new session.
23 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/157-089-996-996-706 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: animal behavior; article; decision making; dept.psy; mathematical model; nonhuman; pigeon; reinforcement

Developmental differences in the symptomatology of psychiatric-inpatients with and without mild mental-retardation - Glick, M; Zigler, E (American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1995)
The symptomatology of psychiatric inpatients with mild mental retardation was compared with that of a matched sample of inpatients without mental retardation. An integration of the developmental position on mental retardation with the developmental approach to adult psychopathology generated the hypotheses that, compared to patients without mental retardation, patients with mild mental retardation would display (a) more symptoms indicative of turning against others and fewer symptoms indicative of turning against the self, (b) more symptoms involving expression in action rather than thought, and (c) psychotic symptom pictures that more frequently involve hallucinations without delusions and infrequently involve delusions alone. All hypotheses were confirmed.
Place: United States Glick, M. Southern Connecticut State University, USA.
Keywords: *Intellectual Disability/co [Complications]; *Mental Disorders/co [Complications]; Adult; Delusions/et [Etiology]; Female; Hallucinations/et [Etiology]; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Psychiatric; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders/px [Psychology]; Mental Disorders/rh [Rehabilitation]; dept.psy; ⛔ No DOI found

Effects of intertrial reinforcers on self-control choice. - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1994)
In three experiments, pigeons chose between a small amount of food delivered after a short delay and a larger amount delivered after a longer delay. A discrete-trial adjusting-delay procedure was used to estimate indifference points-pairs of delay-amount combinations that were chosen about equally often. In Experiment 1, when additional reinforcers were available during intertrial intervals on a variable-interval schedule, preference for the smaller, more immediate reinforcer increased. Experiment 2 found that this shift in preference occurred partly because the variable-interval schedule started sooner after the smaller, more immediate reinforcer, but there was still a small shift in preference when the durations and temporal locations of the variable-interval schedules were identical for both alternatives. Experiment 3 found greater increases in preference for the smaller, more immediate reinforcer with a variable-interval 15-s schedule than with a variable-interval 90-s schedule. The results were generally consistent with a model that states that the impact of any event that follows a choice response declines according to a hyperbolic function with increasing time since the moment of choice.
44 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/070-746-941-813-91X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Appetitive Behavior; Choice Behavior; Color Perception; Conditioning; Operant; Mental Recall; Motivation; Pigeons; Reinforcement Schedule; Support; Non-U.S. Gov't; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; animal; appetite; article; color vision; decision making; dept.psy; instrumental conditioning; intertrial reinforcers; key peck; motivation; pigeon; pigeons; recall; reinforcement; reinforcer amount; reinforcer delay; self‐control

Anhedonia and premorbid competence in young, nonpsychotic psychiatric inpatients. - Garnet, Kathleen E; Glick, Marion; Edell, William S (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1993)
Earlier studies have demonstrated a significant relation between scores on the Physical Anhedonia Scale-but not on the Perceptual Aberration Scale-and premorbid social adjustment in schizophrenics (Chapman, Chapman, & Raulin, 1976, 1978; Schuck, Leventhal, Rothstein, & Irizarry, 1984). A similar relation between scores on these 2 scales and interpersonal competence in college students has also been noted (Beckfield, 1985; Haberman, Chapman, Numbers, & McFall, 1979; Numbers & Chapman, 1982). The present study extends this work by examining the relation of premorbid adjustment to scores on these 2 scales among young, nonpsychotic psychiatric inpatients. Consistent with the earlier findings, anhedonic Ss had poorer premorbid social competence when compared with nonanhedonic Ss, whereas no relation was found between scores on perceptual aberration and premorbid social competence.
6 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/064-972-234-241-121 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Affective Symptoms; Female; Hospitalization; Human; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Perceptual Distortion; Personality Inventory; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Adjustment; adolescent; adult; article; competence; dept.psy; female; human; major clinical study; male; mental patient; neurosis; perception disorder; schizophrenia; social adaptation

Predicting the strength of a conditioned reinforcer: effects of delay and uncertainty: - Mazur, James E (Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1993)
22 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/088-251-746-085-397 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Choice with delayed and probabilistic reinforcers: effects of variability, time between trials, and conditioned reinforcers - Mazur, James E; Romano, Angela (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1992)
In a discrete-trials procedure with pigeons, a response on a green key led to a 4-s delay (during which green houselights were lit) and then a reinforcer might or might not be delivered. A response on a red key led to a delay of adjustable duration (during which red houselights were lit) and then a certain reinforcer. The delay was adjusted so as to estimate an indifference point-a duration for which the two alternatives were equally preferred. Once the green key was chosen, a subject had to continue to respond on the green key until a reinforcer was delivered. Each response on the green key, plus the 4-s delay that followed every response, was called one “link” of the green-key schedule. Subjects showed much greater preference for the green key when the number of links before reinforcement was variable (averaging four) than when it was fixed (always exactly four). These findings are consistent with the view that probabilistic reinforcers are analogous to reinforcers delivered after variable delays. When successive links were separated by 4-s or 8-s “interlink intervals” with white houselights, preference for the probabilistic alternative decreased somewhat for 2 subjects but was unaffected for the other 2 subjects. When the interlink intervals had the same green houselights that were present during the 4-s delays, preference for the green key decreased substantially for all subjects. These results provided mixed support for the view that preference for a probabilistic reinforcer is inversely related to the duration of conditioned reinforcers that precede the delivery of food.
21 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/131-277-176-129-505 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Behavior; Animal; Choice Behavior; Competitive Behavior; Conditioning; Operant; Female; Instinct; Male; Models; Psychological; Pigeons; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reinforcement Schedule; Spatial Behavior; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; animal; animal behavior; article; behavior; choice; competitive behavior; conditioned reinforcement; decision making; delay of reinforcement; dept.psy; drive; female; instrumental conditioning; key peck; male; model; pigeon; pigeons; probability of reinforcement; reinforcement

Choice behavior in transition : development of preference with ratio and interval schedules - Mazur, James E (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 1992)
In Experiment 1, the choice responses of 8 pigeons were observed during 50 periods of transition. Each condition began with equal probabilities of reinforcement on 2 response keys and switched to unequal probabilities. With the ratio of the 2 probabilities held constant, preference for the higher probability developed more rapidly when the 2 probabilities were high than when they were low. In Experiment 2, each condition began with 2 equal variable-interval schedules, but later 1 key delivered 60%, 75%, or 90% of the reinforcers. The rate of approach to asymptotic performance was roughly the same with all 3 reinforcement percentages. These and previous results pose difficulties for some well-known models of acquisition, but the results are well described by a simple model that states that the strength of each response is independently increased by reinforcement and decreased by nonreinforcement.
30 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/033-292-029-733-246 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Personal privacy and access to information on a college campus - a preliminary-report - Tolchin, G (Psychology, 1992)
A survey of college students concerning their knowledge and attitudes towards informational privacy was conducted. Virtually all subjects surveyed considered their personal privacy to be important to them. However, the survey results suggest considerable misunderstanding and misinformation regarding informational privacy. In addition, students showed little faith that their personal information was being securely protected against unauthorized disclosure. Indeed, they seemed to expect a considerable measure of privacy violation with respect to their student records.
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1992HQ53800002
Keywords: dept.psy; ⛔ No DOI found

Choice behavior in transition: Development of preference in a free-operant procedure - Mazur, James E; Ratti, Theresa A (Learning & Behavior, 1991)
Twenty acquisition curves were obtained from each of 8 pigeons in a free-operant choice procedure. Every condition began with a phase in which two response keys had equal probabilities of reinforcement, and, as a result, subjects' responses were divided fairly evenly between the two keys. This was followed by a phase in which one key had a higher probability of reinforcement than the other, and the development of preference was observed. In all but a few cases, response proportions increased for the key with the higher probability of reinforcement. In most conditions, the two probabilities differed by .06, but the actual probabilities varied (from .16 and .10 in one condition to .07 and .01 in another). Development of preference for the key with the higher probability of reinforcement was slower when the ratio of the two reinforcement probabilities was small (.16/.10) than when it was large (.07/.01). This finding is inconsistent with the predictions of several different quantitative models of acquisition, including the kinetic model (Myerson & Miezin, 1980) and the ratio-invariance model (Horner & Staddon, 1987). However, the finding is consistent with a hypothesis based on Weber's law, which states that the two alternatives are more discriminable when the ratio of their reinforcement probabilities is larger, and, as a result, the acquisition of preference is faster.
23 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/178-202-728-762-640 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: animal experiment; article; behavior; conditioned reflex; dept.psy; discrimination learning; instrumental conditioning; kinetics; model; nonhuman; pigeon; probability; reinforcement

Straining the word “optimal” - Mazur, James E (Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1991)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/136-907-430-102-216 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Choice with probabilistic reinforcement: effects of delay and conditioned reinforcers. - Mazur, James E (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1991)
Two experiments measured pigeons' choices between probabilistic reinforcers and certain but delayed reinforcers. In Experiment 1, a peck on a red key led to a 5-s delay and then a possible reinforcer (with a probability of .2). A peck on a green key led to a certain reinforcer after an adjusting delay. This delay was adjusted over trials so as to estimate an indifference point, or a duration at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. In all conditions, red houselights were present during the 5-s delay on reinforced trials with the probabilistic alternative, but the houselight colors on nonreinforced trials differed across conditions. Subjects showed a stronger preference for the probabilistic alternative when the houselights were a different color (white or blue) during the delay on nonreinforced trials than when they were red on both reinforced and nonreinforced trials. These results supported the hypothesis that the value or effectiveness of a probabilistic reinforcer is inversely related to the cumulative time per reinforcer spent in the presence of stimuli associated with the probabilistic alternative. Experiment 2 tested some quantitative versions of this hypothesis by varying the delay for the probabilistic alternative (either 0 s or 2 s) and the probability of reinforcement (from .1 to 1.0). The results were best described by an equation that took into account both the cumulative durations of stimuli associated with the probabilistic reinforcer and the variability in these durations from one reinforcer to the next.
43 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/070-304-798-844-976 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Attention; Choice Behavior; Color Perception; Conditioning; Operant; Mental Recall; Pigeons; Probability Learning; Reinforcement Schedule; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; Time Perception; adjusting schedule; animal; article; attention; color vision; conditioned reinforcement; decision making; dept.psy; instrumental conditioning; key peck; learning; pigeon; pigeons; recall; reinforcement; reinforcer delay; reinforcer probability; time perception

Choice behavior in transition: development of preference for the higher probability of reinforcement - Bailey, John T.; Mazur, James E. (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1990)
Ten acquisition curves were obtained from each of 4 pigeons in a two‐choice discrete‐trial procedure. In each of these 10 conditions, the two response keys initially had equal probabilities of reinforcement, and subjects' choice responses were about equally divided between the two keys. Then the reinforcement probabilities were changed so that one key had a higher probability of reinforcement (the left key in half of the conditions and the right key in the other half), and in nearly every case the subjects developed a preference for this key. The rate of acquisition of preference for this key was faster when the ratio of the two reinforcement probabilities was higher. For instance, acquisition of preference was faster in conditions with reinforcement probabilities of .12 and .02 than in conditions with reinforcement probabilities of .40 and .30, even though the pairs of probabilities differed by .10 in both cases. These results were used to evaluate the predictions of some theories of transitional behavior in choice situations. A trial‐by‐trial analysis of individual responses and reinforcers suggested that reinforcement had both short‐term and long‐term effects on choice. The short‐term effect was an increased probability of returning to the same key on the one or two trials following a reinforcer. The long‐term effect was a gradual increase in the proportion of responses on the key with the higher probability of reinforcement, an increase that usually continued for several hundred trials. 1990 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
71 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00012 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Attention; Choice Behavior; Color Perception; Discrimination Learning; Motivation; Orientation; Pigeons; Probability Learning; Reinforcement Schedule; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; acquisition; animal; article; attention; choice; color vision; decision making; dept.psy; discrimination learning; key peck; learning; motivation; orientation; pigeon; pigeons; probability of reinforcement; reinforcement

Differences across gender, grade level, and academic track in the content of the ideal self-image - Bybee, Jane; Glick, Marion; Zigler, Edward (Sex Roles, 1990)
Students from the 5th, 8th, and 11th grades (55 male and 53 female) were asked to describe their ideal self-image. Analyses revealed a number of gender and developmental differences not found with other self-image measures. A greater proportion of females than males mentioned two of the categories related to family life: marriage and improving relations with their family of origin. Mentions of categories surrounding athletics were more prevalent among males. Grade level differences in the content of the ideal self-image reflected cognitive-developmental shifts away from concrete descriptors, changes in physical maturity and the heightened importance of peer relationships around adolescence, and the approach of developmental milestones. Fewer students mentioned physical appearance at higher grade levels. Mentions of athletic abilities and social acceptance peaked at the 8th grade, while mentions of college, marriage, and having children rose at higher grade levels. Differences in the content areas mentioned by average versus advanced track students appeared to reflect differences in both cognitive-developmental level and socialization experiences. © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation.
13 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/064-509-861-539-600 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psy

Choice between delayed reinforcers and fixed‐ratio schedules requiring forceful responding - Mazur, James E; Kralik, J D (Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1990)
This experiment measured pigeons' choices between delayed reinforcers and fixed‐ratio schedules in which a force of approximately 0.48 N was needed to operate the response key. In ratio‐delay conditions, subjects chose between a fixed‐ratio schedule and an adjusting delay. The delay was increased or decreased several times a session in order to estimate an indifference point—a delay duration at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. Each ratio‐delay condition was followed by a delay‐delay condition in which subjects chose between the adjusting delay and a variable‐time schedule, with the components of this schedule selected to match the ratio completion times of the preceding ratio‐delay condition. The adjusting delays at the indifference point were longer when the alternative was a fixed‐ratio schedule than when it was a matched variable‐time schedule, which indicated a preference for the matched variable‐time schedules over the fixed‐ratio schedules. This preference increased in a nonlinear manner with increasing ratio size. This nonlinearity was inconsistent with a theory that states that indifference points for both time and ratio schedules can be predicted by multiplying the choice response‐reinforcer intervals of the two types of schedules by different multiplicative constants. Two other theories, which predict nonlinear increases in preference for the matched variable‐time schedules, are discussed. 1990 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
7 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/053-703-899-104-872 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Animal; Choice Behavior; Conditioning; Classical; Exertion; Memory; Mental Recall; Motivation; Pigeons; Psychomotor Performance; Reinforcement Schedule; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; adjusting procedure; animal; article; conditioned reflex; decision making; dept.psy; exercise; fixed ratio; key peck; memory; motivation; pigeon; pigeons; psychomotor performance; recall; reinforcement; reinforcer delay; response effort; variable time

The affirmative action debate - Critzer, JW (Ethnic and Racial Studies, 1999)
tex.unique-id: ISI:000081559400021
Keywords: dept.psc; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: Party ideologies in america, 1828–1996. by gerring john. new york: cambridge university press, 1998. 337p. 64.95. - Weed, Clyde P (American Political Science Review, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/053-253-900-453-573 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.psc

Blacks and women in public higher education: Political and socioeconomic factors underlying diversity at the state level - Critzer, John W.; Rai, Kul B. (Women & Politics, 1998)
In this paper, we analyze the political and socioeconomic factors that may be associated with black and female employment in American public higher education. We develop representation ratios for black females, black males, white females, and white males who serve as full-time faculty members in public higher education institutions in the American states. Our analysis shows that region, in this case the South, provides the best indicator for black female and black male faculty employment in public higher education. The percentage of black state legislators is also associated with black faculty employment. For white women, we found that although they are well represented on faculties, their numbers do not reach their share of the population. None of the variables examined explained their employment as faculty members. Women as a group had a particularly weak presence in state legislatures and continue to have less political power than blacks and white males. We suggest a number of possible avenues for future research to clarify these findings.
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v19n01_02 tex.ids: ISI:000073528000002 tex.organization: Int Polit Sci Assoc tex.unique-id: ISI:000073528000002
Keywords: dept.psc; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Racial and gender income inequality in the American states - Critzer, John W (Race and Society, 1998)
The purpose of this article is to uncover the political factors associated with greater income parity for black men, black women, and white women relative to white men in the American states. Variables are constructed for federal, state, and local government employment, state electoral competition, federal procurement, black state legislators, and women state legislators along with a number of socioeconomic factors. It is discovered that the political variables carry less weight than the socioeconomic ones. These findings raise questions about the future prospects for increased earnings parity for minorities and women as previous federal efforts to eliminate racial and gender discrimination appear to have been weakened and state political factors have little relationship with greater income equality.
7 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/074-943-206-707-051 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psc

Book Review: Parties and politics in post-1989 poland . by hubert tworzecki. boulder, CO: westview press, 1996. 219p. 54.00. - Best, Paul J (American Political Science Review, 1997)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/169-906-379-339-236 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.psc

Building a democratic order: Reshaping American liberalism in the 1930s and 1940s - Plotke,D - Weed, Clyde P (American Political Science Review, 1997)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.type: Journal article
Keywords: dept.psc

Number and reason - the french revolution and the elections (french) - Gueniffey,P - Applewhite, HB (Journal of Modern History, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1995TP02700042
Keywords: dept.psc

Book Reviews - Critzer, John W. (The American Review of Public Administration, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1995RY11400008 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.psc

Poland's Journalists: Professionalism and Politics. By Jane Leftwich Curry. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 302p. $54.50. - Best, Paul J. (American Political Science Review, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1991HD02200081 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.psc

Intervention and underdevelopment - greece during the cold-war - kofas,jv - Iatrides, JO (American Historical Review, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991FK33500024
Keywords: dept.psc

Book Review: Sergei khrushchev. khrushchev on khrushchev: an inside account of the man and his era. edited and translated by william taubman. boston: little, brown and company, 1990. 423 pp.24.95. - Best, Paulj (Russian History-histoire Russe, 1990)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/017-251-197-152-167 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.psc

A technique for measuring the 3-dimensional to 2-dimensional conductivity change of YBCO superconductors at the normal-to-superconducting phase change - Hmurcik, Lawrence V; Bidarian, A; Ibarra, B; Matthews, L D (Journal of Materials Science, 1998)
It is well known that conduction in YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) is by means of copper "planes" and "chains," where planes and chains describe the degree of bonding between copper and oxygen. Changes of conductivity versus temperature have been used to show that conduction in YBCO in the normal state is 3-dimensional, while conduction approaching the onset of the superconducting state is first 2-dimensional and then 3-dimensional. We have found another method to monitor this 2-to-3 transition. Using square samples, and measuring the voltage at each corner caused by a current applied to the opposite corners, one can find the conductivities along the x-axis and the y-axis. The ratio of these conductivities is unity for homogeneous samples in the normal state. However, in transition to the superconducting state, the ratio of conductivities changes. We examine this change as a function of sample purity, sample history, and exposure to an external magnetic field. Our data are consistent with data reported in the literature, and they suggest the existence of another state change deep in the superconducting state, which is only observable with the application of a magnetic field., Measurements were also carried out to correlate the anisotropy with sample porosity. Measurements of normal state resistivity, critical temperature, and critical current characterize the sample's porosity, and these data affect the anisotropy in the superconducting state in a manner directly proportional to the porosity., (C)1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Place: (C)1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers Publisher: (1)Science and Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT 06601, USA APS #MHM741373; E-mail: hmurcik@cse.bridgeport.edu
Keywords: Anisotropy; Critical temperature; Electric conductivity measurement; Electric current measurement; High temperature superconductors; Magnetic field effects; Oxide superconductors; Phase transitions; Porosity; Temperature measurement; Voltage measurement; Yttrium barium copper oxides; dept.phy

Pressure-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy of a chromium doped chloride elpasolite crystal - Rinzler, A G; Kappers, L A; Bartram, R H; Dolan, J F (International Quantum Electronics Conference, 1990)
tex.type: Proceedings paper
Keywords: dept.phy; ⛔ No DOI found

Introduction - van der Hoven, J; Bynum, T; Gotterbarn, D; Rogerson, S (Journal of Business Ethics, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.eissn: 1573-0697 tex.orcid-numbers: Page, Edward/0000-0002-7117-3342 tex.unique-id: ISI:000081927400001
Keywords: dept.phi

Symposium on computer ethics - Bynum, Terrell Ward (Metaphilosophy, 1997)
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/100-483-080-711-229 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.phi

Book Review: The catholic church and antisemitism: poland, 1933–1939. by ronald modras. langhorne, penn.: harwood academic publisher, 1994. 429 pp. 48.00 - Gorniak-Kocikowska, Krystyna (Journal of Church and State, 1997)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/133-524-633-010-63X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.phi

The computer revolution and the problem of global ethics - Gorniak-Kocikowska, Krystyna (Science and Engineering Ethics, 1996)
The author agrees with James Moor that computer technology, because it is 'logically malleable', is bringing about a genuine social revolution. Moor compares the computer revolution to the 'industrial revolution' of the late 18th and the 19th centuries; but it is argued here that a better comparison is with the 'printing press revolution' that occurred two centuries before that. Just as the major ethical theories of Bentham and Kant were developed in response to the printing press revolution, so a new ethical theory is likely to emerge from computer ethics in response to the computer revolution. The newly emerging field of information ethics, therefore, is much more important than even its founders and advocates believe.
32 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00034 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Computer ethics; Computer revolution; Global ethics; Industrial revolution; Printing revolution; Professional ethics; dept.phi

Introduction and overview: Global information ethics - Bynum, Terrell Ward; Rogerson, Simon (Science and Engineering Ethics, 1996)
11 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/088-678-042-833-054 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.phi

Critical thinking skills of baccalaureate nursing students at program entry and exit - Thompson, C; Rebeschi, LM (Nursing and Health Care Perspectives, 1999)
Most nurse educators would agree that critical thinking is an essential competency for the professional nurse in today's ever-changing health care environment. In fact, critical thinking has been identified as an integral component of professional nursing practice and has been incorporated in accreditation guidelines (1-3). As a result of this imperative, professional programs of nursing must explicate a clear definition of critical thinking, identify specific learning outcomes reflective of critical thinking abilities, and select appropriate ways to measure the achievement of these outcomes in graduating students. Although much has been written about the need for critical thinking skills, the concept and measurement of critical thinking within the context of nursing education has not yet been clearly defined (4-6). As a result, nursing programs are developing their own conceptual definitions of critical thinking and using a variety of methods to measure outcomes (5). The authors caution that to ensure validity of findings, the instruments used must reflect the individual program's definition of the concept. In most cases, outcomes have been assessed using a cross-sectional design that compares students at different levels or types of programs or are measured as an end-of-program outcome. While such designs can provide educators with knowledge of students' critical thinking abilities at a particular point in the educational process, longitudinal data are needed to assess the effects of the educational program.
tex.unique-id: ISI:000085103900006
Keywords: *Clinical Competence/st [Standards]; *Education; Nursing; Baccalaureate/og [Organization & Administration]; *Educational Measurement/mt [Methods]; *Nursing Process; *Program Evaluation/mt [Methods]; *Students; Nursing/px [Psychology]; *Thinking; Accreditation; Clinical Competence; Education; Nursing; Baccalaureate; Educational Measurement; Humans; Nursing Education Research; Nursing Process; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Outcome Assessment; Health Care; Program Evaluation; Research Design; Students; Nursing; Thinking; accreditation; article; clinical competence; dept.nur; education; health care quality; human; methodology; nursing education; nursing process; nursing student; organization and management; outcome assessment; psychological aspect; standard; thinking; ⛔ No DOI found

Outcomes assessment: implications for nursing education. - Thompson, Cesarina; Bartels, Jean E (Journal of Professional Nursing, 1999)
In response to public criticisms about the outcomes of higher education, colleges and universities have implemented comprehensive assessment programs. In nursing education, outcomes assessment has become a criteria for accreditation. Yet, currently no guidelines exist describing “best practices” in nursing education outcomes assessment. Experts in educational assessment provide helpful guidelines for nurse educators as they establish comprehensive assessment plans. The authors provide a review of the literature in the field of assessment and offer strategies for developing successful assessment programs in nursing education.
10 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/151-849-929-326-658 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: *Benchmarking/og [Organization & Administration]; *Education; Nursing/st [Standards]; *Guidelines as Topic; *Outcome Assessment; Health Care/og [Organization & Administration]; *Program Evaluation/mt [Methods]; Accreditation; Accreditation/og [Organization & Administration]; Benchmarking; Curriculum; Education; Nursing; Guidelines; Humans; Nursing education; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Outcomes assessment; Program Evaluation; Program evaluation; accreditation; curriculum; dept.nur; health care quality; human; methodology; nursing education; organization and management; outcome assessment; practice guideline; quality control; review; standard

Focus on community: directions for nursing knowledge development - Kulbok, Pamela A; Gates, Marie F; Vicenzi, Angela E; Schultz, Phyllis R (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1999)
Nurses are challenged to advance the theoretical foundations of community practice. This paper offers ideas on what-has been done and what needs to be done to meet this challenge. Within a community health nursing perspective, the paper defines community, proposes an integrated knowledge development framework that focuses on community, analyses contemporary theoretical and philosophical foundations of community in nursing, considers three worldviews in which nursing can be framed, and examines parameters for knowledge development for the future.
9 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/005-438-110-171-942 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Community; Community Health Nursing; Community health nursing; Humans; Knowledge; Knowledge development; Nursing; Nursing Theory; Nursing theory; Philosophy; Post-modernism; Professional Practice; World-view; article; community health nursing; dept.nur; human; knowledge; nursing; nursing theory; professional practice

The application of nonlinear dynamics in nursing research - Hamilton, Patti; Pollock, Jane Englebright; Mitchell, null De Ann F.; Vicenzi, Angela E.; West, Bruce J. (Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences, 1997)
2 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00201 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.nur

Differences in Classroom Teaching Preferences between Traditional and Adult BSN Students - Thompson, C.; Sheckley, B.G. (Journal of Nursing Education, 1997)
The primary purposes of this study were to identify the best teaching practices for adult baccalaureate (BSN) nursing students and to examine if adult students' teaching preferences differed from those of traditional BSN students. The sample consisted of 206 adult and traditional students in four BSN programs. The adult nursing student sample was further subdivided into two groups: adults with no prior nursing education (adult non-nurses) and adults with prior nursing education (RN'S). Using a two-part, self-administered questionnaire, respondents were asked to rate the frequency with which 41 teaching strategies were used in their best and in their worst classroom learning experiences in nursing. In most cases, adult non-nurses' teaching preferences did not vary significantly from the preferences of traditional students. However, adults with no prior nursing education did show a preference for knowledgeable and organized instructors. In contrast RNs' preferred classroom situations were where time on task was emphasized, cooperative learning was encouraged, and expectations for learning were high. Results indicate that classroom teaching preferences vary as a function of prior experience with the subject matter and are not attributable to age itself. Findings suggest that prior experience with course content is a more important consideration in planning programs than generalized adult experience.
26 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: *Choice Behavior; *Education; Nursing; Associate; *Education; Nursing; Baccalaureate; *Education; Professional; Retraining; *Students; Nursing/px [Psychology]; *Teaching/st [Standards]; Adolescent; Adult; Choice Behavior; Education; Nursing; Associate; Education; Nursing; Baccalaureate; Education; Professional; Retraining; Factor Analysis; Statistical; Humans; Middle Aged; Nursing Education Research; Questionnaires; Students; Nursing; Surveys and Questionnaires; Teaching; adolescent; adult; article; comparative study; continuing education; decision making; dept.nur; factorial analysis; human; middle aged; nursing education; nursing student; psychological aspect; questionnaire; standard; teaching

Chaos theory and some nursing considerations - Vicenzi, Angela E (Nursing Science Quarterly, 1994)
The alleged synthesis of nursing and public health has not produced the expected community-as-client emphasis. Public health is characterized as disease-focused, with masculine domination, using a causal model. The explanatory model of chaos challenges nurses to reexamine nursing's theoretical base by questioning assumptions associated with linear thinking. The selected chaotic concepts of aperiodicity, attractors, sensitive dependence on initial conditions, phase space, and fractals are discussed here. Each concept's connection to physics and mathematics is cited and considerations for nursing science are outlined. Conclusions include redefining health, nursing, and community in chaotic terms and renaming nursing practice, which has this aperiodic and holistic paradigm, as ecologic health nursing.
14 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/119-144-108-349-30X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Chaos Theory; Community Health Nursing; Fractals; Human; Models; Nursing; Nonlinear Dynamics; Rogers; Thinking; article; dept.nur; fractal analysis; human; model; nonlinear system; nurse; thinking

Chaos Theory and Nursing Revisited: Commentary and Response - Zbilut, J.P.; Staffileno, B.; Vicenzi, A.E. (Nursing Science Quarterly, 1994)
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: Human; Nonlinear Dynamics; Nursing Theory; dept.nur; human; nonlinear system; note; nursing; ⛔ No DOI found

Social support systems in elder homebound clients - Zink, Margo R (Home Health Care Management & Practice, 1994)
An individual's social support system comprises multiple networks. A lack in one system may cause an increased need for support in another. Social support has been found to be of vital impor tance to the health of the older adult client and caregiver. It has been found to have a significant influence on health outcomes, acting as a buffer and altering recovery patterns. This article de scribes the concept of social support and relates how the home health care nurse can assess this dimension and use the findings to better plan patient care in the home setting. Key words: social support, home care, older adult. © 1994, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/003-578-813-060-298 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.nur

Case commentary: Bass v. Barksdale: implications for public health and home care nurses - Killion, Susan Westrick (Public Health Nursing, 1993)
A recent malpractice case involved public health nurses. Given the legal issues based on this case, recommendations can be made to help ensure legal accountability, improve practice, and minimize liability risk. Areas of concern include doctor's orders and communication relating to telephone orders, the nurse's accountability to the client, documentation and patient teaching, the physician's duty to supervise the nurse, and corporate negligence. The court's analysis of the facts in finding areas of liability can guide nurses in avoiding malpractice litigation.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/039-112-513-700-590 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Community Health Nursing; Ethambutol; Female; Human; Liability; Legal; Malpractice; Nursing Records; Patient Education; Public Health Nursing; Tennessee; United States; Vision Disorders; article; dept.nur; ethambutol; female; human; iatrogenic disease; legal aspect; legal liability; malpractice; medical record; nurse; patient education; public health service; visual disorder

AIDS education on the college campus: Roy's adaptation model directs inquiry - Vicenzi, Angela E; Thiel, Robert (Public Health Nursing, 1992)
We assessed the beliefs of 49 college students regarding the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), condom use, and sexual behaviors related to AIDS prevention. Roy's modes of self-concept, interdependence, and role function were used as a framework to find psychosocial determinants that influence safer sex practices. Interdependence was measured by a sexual regard scale. Beliefs regarding both AIDS beliefs and condom were very positive. Students were selectively using safer sex practices; most reported avoiding high-risk partners, but only 39% were using condoms. No significant associations were found among the four independent measures of AIDS beliefs, condom beliefs, self-esteem, and sexual regard or with the dependent measure, AIDS safer sex practices. A two-hour safer sex educational module did change several beliefs but did not increase safer sex practices. Most participating students stated they had a good understanding of how AIDS was spread, they knew how to use condoms correctly, and they discussed AIDS with friends and parents.
13 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/075-551-621-168-730 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.nur

Collaborative project to examine social support in elder homebound diabetics - Zink, Margo R; Gadomski, Mary; Oconnell, Patricia Buckley; Nizziherzog, Marie (Home Health Care Management & Practice, 1992)
Social support has a significant effect on the response to illness and treatment. The au thors present some of the findings and practical applications originating from a collaborative study, including a clinical indicator tool for the diabetic patient. This information gives the home health care professional an expanded knowledgebase to use in developing individualized care plans for the elder home care diabetic. © 1992, Sage Publications. All rights reserved.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/090-204-733-259-335 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.nur

Nurse Manners' Guide to Politically Correct Behavior - Vicenzi, Angela E (Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/063-975-520-464-024 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Human; Nurses; Social Behavior; Wit and Humor; article; dept.nur; human; humor; nurse; psychological aspect; social behavior

Statistics for special q, t-kostka polynomials - Fishel, Susanna (Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 1995)
Kirillov and Reshetikhin introduced rigged configurations as a new way to calculate the entries of the Kostka matrix. Macdonald defined the two-parameter Kostka matrix whose entries generalize. We use rigged configurations and a formula of Stembridge to provide a combinatorial interpretation of in the case where is a partition with no more than two columns. In particular, we show that in this case, has nonnegative coefficients. © 1995 American Mathematical Society.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/082-420-581-698-924
Keywords: dept.mat

Canonical bases for the Brauer centralizer algebra - Fishel, Susanna; Grojnowski, I (Mathematical Research Letters, 1995)
Citation Key Alias: lens.org/069-225-958-557-87X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mat

Applications über alles: mathematics for the liberal arts - Aboufadel, Edward F (Primus, 1994)
This paper presents a fresh approach to a general education mathematics course. The basic idea is to turn the customary mathematics class on its head by focusing on applications first, through a reading of articles from magazines and newspapers, and then turning to the technical mathematical details. A description of the topics that were covered in my course, along with references to various publications, is given. A course such as this one is important because it conveys how mathematics is serving the goals of society. © 1994 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/094-099-623-221-444 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Applied mathematics; Coding theory; Discrete mathematics; General education courses; Geometry; Mathematics in government; Mathematics in industry; Probability; Statistics; dept.mat

Color spreading algorithm for the retail industry - Pelosi, Marilyn K; Sandifer, Theresa M; Sandifer, C Edward (Annual Conference on Computers, 1992)
One of the problems which many companies face is the distribution of inventory from one or more centrally located distribution centers. The retail, industry, and in particular the women's clothing industry, faces the additional problem that not only does the merchandise have to be distributed but it must be distributed in such a way that every store gets a reasonable spread of colors and sizes. This research attempts to optimize the multi-criteria allocation objective by developing a computer algorithm. In order to be implemented any algorithm developed must be computationally efficient due to the size of the industry and other system related programming constraints. The algorithm which was developed not only provided a solution which was a marked improvement regarding the color spread of the merchandise but was also efficient enough to be immediately implemented on a national basis. © 1992.
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.type: Proceedings paper
Keywords: Algorithms; Garment manufacture; Multi-criteria allocation objective; Retail industry color spreading algorithm; Retail stores; Women's clothing industry; dept.mat

Catastrophic conditions in couple systems - Lynch, Barbara J (Journal of Couples Therapy, 1999)
A presentation of case studies forms the focus for an exploration of the discovery of an abortion or adoption used as the management of an unwelcome pregnancy which occurred in the context of the marital system. Managing an impasse in the middle phase of therapy in each case led to the emergence of information which then allowed the therapist to work with the couple system to alleviate the core situation out of which presenting problems emanated. In these cases the unwelcome pregnancy had the potential to be cataclysmic to the couple system. Therefore, the possibility that a couple is concealing an abortion or an adoption should be considered by couples' therapists when there is little or no response to usual strategies for change. The reason for concealment is immaterial. What is paramount is that the therapist bring the event to the fore of treatment and work with a couple to put closure on what is generally an unresolved issue. © 1999, by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/103-862-686-427-838 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Abortion; Adoption; Grief; Pregnancy; dept.mft

Current status of family-based outcome and process research - Diamond, GS; Serrano, AC; Dickey, M; Sonis, WA (Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1996)
Objective: To review family-based treatment research. A growing body of research and several meta-analytic reviews demonstrate that family-based treatments are effective for a variety of child and adolescent disorders. In addition, an emerging tradition of family-based process research has begun to identify important ingredients of effective family psychotherapy. This article reviews these advances and their implications for future research. Method: Selected studies on the treatment of schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, attention deficit, conduct disorder, and substance abuse are reviewed, as well as several process research and meta-analytic studies. Results: Family-based therapies have been shown to be effective for treating schizophrenia, conduct disorder, and substance abuse. Some data support their effectiveness in the treatment of eating disorders. Few studies have targeted internalizing disorders. A process research tradition is emerging, but it is in need of methodological advances, Meta-analytic studies suggest that family-based therapies are as effective as other models. Conclusions: More well-designed studies with diverse populations are needed to assess accurately the effectiveness of this increasingly popular treatment approach.
57 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.researcherid-numbers: diamond, Guy/X-8695-2019 tex.unique-id: ISI:A1996TL43200007
Keywords: anxiety; attention deficit disorder; child parent relation; depression; dept.mft; family therapy; feeding disorder; medical research; mental disease; outcome research; priority journal; process research; psychotherapy; review; risk factor; schizophrenia; substance abuse

Admissions criteria as predictors of performance in a family therapy doctoral program. - Piercy, Fred P; Dickey, Mitchell H; Case, Brian; Sprenkle, Douglas H; Beer, Jim; Nelson, Thorana S; Mccollum, Eric E (American Journal of Family Therapy, 1995)
This nine-year study examined the extent to which selected admissions criteria of 34 family therapy doctoral students predicted their future performance on clinical, academic, research, and other job-related criteria. Age and clinical background were positively related to clinical ratings after three years. Letters of recommendation and student autobiographies were positively related to qualify and quantity of publications. Graduate Record Examination scores and interview ratings were not predictive of any of the criterion variables at three or six years. Additional findings are presented and discussed.
7 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/047-918-490-573-981 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft

A structural family therapist responds to "A feminist critique of organizational humanism": - Lynch, Barbara J (The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1994)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/106-326-030-576-507 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft

The race relations competence workshop: theory and results - Alderfer, Clayton P; Alderfer, Charleen; Bell, Ella Louise; Jones, Jimmy (Human Relations, 1992)
This paper presents the theoretical basis and the associated perceptions of race relations that characterized a race relations competence workshop which served as the educational component of an overall program to improve race relations among managers within the fictitiously named XYZ Corporation. Workshop activities combined didactic and experiential methods and focused on group and individual levels of learning based on embedded intergroup relations theory. An assessment of the race relations competence workshop was carried out as part of an overall effort to evaluate the race relations improvement program in the company. Employing measures of both global evaluation and perceptions of race relations among managers, the study showed that Blacks evaluated the workshop more favorably than Whites, that reports of having information about the workshop were positively associated with favorable evaluations of the workshop, that workshop participants more than nonparticipants were likely to perceive Whites as hurting Blacks and less likely to perceive Blacks as hurting Whites. Additional analyses showed that, while the workshop generally had favorable effects for participants, the groups most likely to show unfavorable consequences were White male first level managers younger than 41 years and White female first level managers older than 40 years.
17 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/126-048-778-075-671 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft; race relations competence workshop

A biography of Edith Whitfield seashore - Alderfer, Charleen (The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1992)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/005-878-753-412-999 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft

Partnership and ego equality in the marital system - Lynch, Barbara J (Journal of Couples Therapy, 1992)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/106-851-019-612-912 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft

An anatomy of bonding in the dyadic system - Lynch, Barbara J. (Journal of Couples Therapy, 1991)
Bonding is an essential factor in the establishment and maintenance of an intimate committed relationship. Dissecting elements of bonding leads to an understanding of the internal structure of the marriage. Attraction and bonding are different and equally vital in turning initial romance into enduring intimacy. The process of attraction based on projections developing into an enduring bond between peers merges relationship purpose and a rationale for emotional involvement. This occurs when attention is accorded to each of the factors of bonding; ego-equality, respect, interdependence and reality grounding. In therapy, a couple’s bonding can be assessed through the isomorphic qualities actualized in the therapeutic joining process. Discussions includes over bonded and under bonded couples, their presenting problems, and a treatment focus for each condition. © 1991 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00118 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mft

Examining the longevity of new agency accounts: A comparative study of U.S. And U.K. Advertising experiences - Davies, M.; Prince, M. (Journal of Advertising, 1999)
Since the typical account longevity is short, agencies should anticipate their likelihood of loss, seek to forestall and invest in their client relationships. A model is proposed for examining account lifetimes, which can offer guidance on the likely retention of future accounts. The impact of agency structural characteristics on longevity is also examined, and compared for both U.S. and U.K. markets. Results for both markets indicate that cumulative account dissolution increases at a decreasing rate over time. Greater account longevity is associated with larger agency size (both in terms of agency billings and employees), and agency age but not with stability of billings growth. Evidence suggests that several structural characteristics of agencies reflect the motivation and/or ability to maintain accounts. © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
22 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.mkt

Expertise effects on prechoice decision processes and final outcomes - Kuusela, Hannu; Spence, Mark T.; Kanto, Antti J. (European Journal of Marketing, 1998)
30 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00066 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt

How consumers select life insurance policies: A protocol analysis - Kuusela, Hannu; Spence, Mark T (Journal of Professional Services Marketing, 1998)
To gain insight into how people select life insurance policies, we conducted a controlled experiment to see how consumers with varying levels of expertise make choices among life insurance policies when provided relevant information presented in an easy-to-use format. We found that those with greater product class knowledge engage in qualitatively and quantitatively different decision processes than those with less knowledge, and therefore are likely to reach different decisions. Specifically, experts are statistically more likely to engage in pairwise/multiple comparisons and to evoke a greater number of choice criteria. There is directional support that they search for more information as well. For all participants, the number of information searches far exceeded the number of elimination and choice criteria evoked. © 1998 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/037-970-390-696-525 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt

The moderating effects of problem characteristics on experts' and novices' judgments - Spence, Mark T; Brucks, Merrie (Journal of Marketing Research, 1997)
A growing body of literature suggests that experts are little if at all better than novices in terms of the quality of decision outputs, To explain this counter-intuitive finding, the authors propose a conceptual framework that focuses on initial problem structure as a key moderator of the effect of expertise on performance, Specifically, they argue that the expert-novice performance differential should be greatest at moderate levels of problem structure and weakest at both extremes. To examine this central hypothesis, the authors conduct a controlled experiment that compares experts with novices when solving a complex problem that had characteristics of a moderately ill-structured problem, Relative to novices, the authors find that experts select fewer, but more diagnostic, information inputs and are more consistent when evaluating nonquantified inputs, As a result, they make more accurate and tightly clustered judgments than do novices, and. also are more confident in their decisions. To examine the moderating influence of problem characteristics, certain task variables are manipulated to increase or decrease initial problem structure. As hypothesized, the benefits of expertise are less pronounced when solving a problem with increased initial structure.
75 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/057-872-892-944-791 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt

A test of the stability of the cetscale, A measure of consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies - Nielsen, James A; Spence, Mark T (The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 1997)
27 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/185-356-411-718-903 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt

Managerial intuition: A conceptual and operational framework - Shapiro, Stewart; Spence, Mark T (Business Horizons, 1997)
106 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/044-018-871-998-120 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Problem problem solver characteristics affecting the calibration of judgments - Spence, Mark T (Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1996)
The purpose df this paper is to examine factors that affect the calibration of judgments by systematically comparing experts' judgments to novices' when solving a complex, real-world problem that varies in its initial characteristics. Calibration in this context refers to the proportion of times decision makers provide a range about their best estimates that includes the actual outcome. We found that experts specify a narrower range and provide more accurate best estimates than novices. But their tighter ranges are not justified by their greater accuracy: they are less likely to encompass the actual outcome than are novices. However, this effect is attenuated when solving more complex problems. Novices apparently underestimate the complexity of difficult problems, hence the accuracy of their best estimates decreases as does the width of their ranges, resulting in worse calibration. The performance of experts was not significantly different across problem solving conditions. Both groups provided asymmetrical ranges about their best estimates, which suggests they account for the effect of subproblem dependencies. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.
20 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/107-911-933-957-216 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mkt

Organizational cynicism - Dean, James W.; Brandes, Pamela; Dharwadkar, Ravi (Academy of Management Review, 1998)
448 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.mgt

Give your work teams time and training - Cottrill, Melville (Academy of Management Perspectives, 1997)
2 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/081-609-007-389-847 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.mgt

Predicting corporate social responsiveness: A model drawn from three perspectives - Beliveau, Barbara; Cottrill, Melville; O'Neill, Hugh M. (Journal of Business Ethics, 1994)
Most studies of corporate social responsiveness (CSR) focus on the relationship between CSR and profit. Here, we use three perspectives (institutional theory, economic theory and agency theory) to explain CSR. Industry norms, market share and indicators of management reputation predict variance in CSR. The combined perspectives improve understanding of both CSR and the CSR-profit relationship in two ways. First, they suggest that CSR levels and their relationship with profit will vary by industry. Second, they suggest that stock market measures and accounting measures will respond differently to CSR measures. Stock market measures lead, while accounting measures lag, CSR.
59 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1994PE94100010 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: Agency Theory; Economic Growth; Economic Theory; Market Share; Stock Market; dept.mgt

Using simulations to investigate management decision making - Prohaska, Charles R; Frank, Ellen J (Simulation & Gaming, 1990)
Management researchers are always in search for new controlled environments from which they can gather data. This article proposes the use of total enterprise simulations as a research setting for studying management decision making. Using INTOP, the authors present examples of analyses that were conducted from a data base generated from the responses of executive MBA participants. Using a multiple regression, policy-capture approach, differences in the decision making strategies between groups are examined. Also discussed is an approach to developing a performance criterion that may be used when testing hypotheses regarding managerial decision-making effectiveness. The authorsconclude that total enterprise simulations represent a research setting that warrants further exploration. © 1990, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/037-367-418-569-979 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: decision making; dept.mgt; management performance; policy capture; research methodology; simulation

Mediating the individual: journalistic cultures and the mechanisms of innovation at two daily newspapers - Manzella, Joseph C (Culture and Organization, 1996)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/021-535-529-853-250 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.jrn

A longitudinal study of emotion expression and personality relations in early development - Abe, J.A.A.; Izard, C.E. (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999)
To investigate emotion expression and personality relations, the authors coded infants' full-face and component positive and negative expressions during Episodes 4 through 8 of the strange situation procedure at age 18 months and obtained maternal ratings of the 5-factor model of personality when children were 3.5 years old. Full-face negative expression was directly related to Neuroticism and inversely related to Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. By contrast, component positive expression showed the exact opposite pattern of relations. Full-face positive expression was positively correlated with Extraversion and Openness to Experience. These findings indicate that full-face and component expressions may index different intensities of emotions. Emotion expression and personality relations were not mediated by the security of attachment continuum or the emotional reactivity dichotomy derived from the attachment subclassifications.
58 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: *Emotions; *Personality; Age Factors; Child; Preschool; Emotions; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Personality; age; article; dept.ils; dept.psy; emotion; female; human; longitudinal study; male; personality; preschool child

The developmental functions of emotions: An analysis in terms of differential emotions theory - Abe, J.A.A.; Izard, C.E. (Cognition and Emotion, 1999)
A substantial body of theoretical literature testifies to the evolutionary functions of emotions. Relatively little has been written about their developmental functions. This article discusses the developmental functions of emotions from the perspective of differential emotions theory (DET; Izard, 1977, 1991). According to DET, although all the emotions retain their adaptive and motivational functions across the lifespan, different sets of emotions may become relatively more prominent in the different stages of life as they serve stage-related developmental processes. In the first section, we present a brief overview of relevant aspects of the theory. In the second section, we discuss how emotions play a central role in helping the individual achieve developmental milestones and tasks during four major periods of life: Infancy, toddler through preschool years, middle to late childhood, and adolescence. The underlying thesis of this article is that emotions play a central role in stimulating social cognitive attainments at each stage of development. © 1999 Psychology Press Ltd.
69 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.ils

Knowledge, concepts, and categories. - Brown, ME (Library & Information Science Research, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:000079397400012
Keywords: dept.ils

Book Review: Electronic publishing and libraries. Planning for the impact and growth to 2003 - Brown,DJ - Brown, Mary E (Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1997)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] OCLC: 4650537768 Citation Key Alias: lens.org/107-477-196-608-69X, pop00100
Keywords: book.review; dept.ils

By any other name: Accounting for failure in the naming of subject categories - Brown, Mary E (Library & Information Science Research, 1995)
Research shows 65-80% of subject search terms fail to match the appropriate subject heading and one-third to one-half of subject searches result in no references being retrieved. In a cross-sectional study, 82 students (3rd grade through college) were presented complex concepts in a naming task. Concreteness, complexity, and syndeticity contributed significantly in explaining match-failure and predicting match-success. The likelihood of match-success following an initial failure is improved by manipulating the values of these three properties. Developmental trends which worked against match-success were observed. It is suggested that match-failure is a consequence of developmental naming patterns and that these patterns can be overcome through the use of metacognitive naming skills.
9 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/058-254-372-457-138 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.ils

To see or not to see - A study of video collection censorship in american public-libraries - Vroman, Deborah L. (RQ, 1995)
Citation Key Alias: vanfleetCurrentIssues1995 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found

The information environment - a reader - walker,g - Kusack, J (Library Quarterly, 1993)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1993KX91900016
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found

A decision model for technical journal deselection with an experiment in biomedical communications - Triolo, Victor A; Bao, Dachun (Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1993)
This report proposes a paradigm for technical journal deselection based on the Bradford Law of distribution, with a demonstration in biomedical communications illustrating various statistical derivations. The model employs the following operational prescriptives: (1) identification of fractional productivities in journal collections; (2) probability predictions for making successful retrievals of relevant items in any given productive fraction; (3) utilization by journal source language and origin; and (4) estimates of cost-efficiencies of searches made in print and machine-readable versions of serial publications. The results suggest that in approximately two out of three trials successful searches ('hits') are likely to be made in a `critical' core of any technical subject collection. The highest probability for retention resides in this portion, about 20% of the publications. We infer that substantial amounts of the remaining publications are candidates for deselection since their information content, as needed, may be captured more cost-effectively through electronic retrieval and document delivery access.
5 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1993KR97500003, lens.org/020-062-823-091-476 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.ils

The light at the end of the carpal-tunnel - Kusack, JM (Library Journal, 1990)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1990DN77000020
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found

Micronutrient intake, menstrual history, and bone mineral density in female collegiate runners - Tartamella, L D; Axtell, R (Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1999)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/106-118-099-380-24X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.hms

Sport/leisure skill learning by adolescents with mild mental retardation: A four-step strategy - Yang, J.-J.; Porretta, D.L. (Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 1999)
Based on Singer's (1986) method, we investigated the effects of a four- step strategy (ready, look, do, score) on training, maintenance, and generalization of three closed skills (basketball free throw, overhand softball throw, and dart throw) by adolescents (M age = 17.2) with mild mental retardation (MR). A multiple baseline across skills design was used. Performances of 3 males and 3 females across these three skills were examined. Participants averaged a total of 46 sessions for the duration of the study. Results indicated that participants increased performance 18-56% across all three closed skills during the training phase. A total of 4 participants maintained performance on all three skills when reminders were present, and 2 decreased performance when the reminders were removed. All participants exhibited improved performance when a reinforcer was introduced. Moreover, 5 participants were able to generalize the four-step strategy to a different setting.
5 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: adolescent; article; clinical article; coping behavior; dept.hms; female; human; learning; leisure; male; mental deficiency; physical performance; skill; sport

Effects of isokinetic training, detraining, and retraining on knee strength measures among active elderly persons - Jett, RE; Axtell, RS; Finn, JA (Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 1997)
tex.eissn: 1543-267X tex.unique-id: ISI:A1997XY03300025
Keywords: dept.hms; ⛔ No DOI found

Principles of sports nutrition: does nutrition education enhance athletes’ knowledge? - Tartamella, L D; Kemler, D S (Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1996)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/039-513-726-123-034 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.hms

A study of breast cancer detection practices and beliefs in black women attending public health clinics - Duke, Suzanne S; Gordonsosby, Karen; Reynolds, Kim D; Gram, Inger T (Health Education Research, 1994)
In this study, breast cancer knowledge, beliefs and practices in low income black women were examined. First, focus groups were held with a total of 33 participants. Information gathered from the focus groups was used to develop a telephone survey which was partially based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and administered to 92 subjects. Utilization rates of mammography and breast self-examination (BSE) were quite high; 66.3% of survey participants reported having at least one mammogram and 72.5% performed BSE. Because low-cost mammograms were available to the survey participants, these results suggest that women in this target population will utilize accessible and affordable mammograms. Several knowledge deficiencies that need to be addressed were also identified. Most of the health beliefs were not significantly associated with mammography or BSE utilization. Because the HBM has never been extensively tested on this population, its appropriateness as a behavior model for low-income women is examined. Implications for future research and interventions are discussed.
34 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Place: England Duke, S S. Department of Public Health, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven 06515, USA.
Keywords: *African Americans/px [Psychology]; *Breast Neoplasms/pc [Prevention & Control]; *Health Knowledge; Attitudes; Practice; Adult; Aged; Alabama; Blacks; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms/eh [Ethnology]; Breast Neoplasms/px [Psychology]; Breast Self-Examination; Breast Self-Examination/px [Psychology]; Cohort Studies; Female; Human; Humans; Knowledge; Attitudes; Practice; Mammography; Mammography/px [Psychology]; Middle Age; Middle Aged; Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; adult; article; breast cancer; breast examination; cancer diagnosis; dept.hms; female; health survey; human; lowest income group; major clinical study; mammography; negro; outpatient department; priority journal; public health

Perceived exertion and affect at varying intensities of running - Acevedo, Edmund O; Rinehardt, Karl F; Kraemer, Robert R (Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 1994)
30 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/001-505-588-941-40X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.hms; peer-reviewed

Prognostic indicators for poor risk epithelial ovarian carcinoma - Rosman, Martin; Hayden, Cheryl L.; Thiel, Robert P.; Chambers, Joseph T.; Kohorn, Ernest I.; Chambers, Setsuko K.; Schwartz, Peter E. (Cancer, 1994)
Background. The objective of this study was to identify factors that categorize patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma into favorable and unfavorable prognostic groups at the time of initial treatment. Methods. Data were analyzed from 51 women who were treated at Yale University, had an evaluable CA 125 half-life (t 0.5), and were followed for disease recurrence for at least 2 years. Results. Grade, maximum level of CA 125, and histology did not provide useful prognostic information. Stage, residual disease, minimum CA 125, and CA 125 t 0.5 individually were predictive of persistent disease or recurrence within 3 years of diagnosis with sensitivities of 97, 70, 34, and 49%, respectively, and specificities of 33, 83, 100, and 83%, respectively. When these factors are combined, defining an unfavorable prognostic group as those patients having residual disease greater than 1 cm, CA 125 t 0.5 greater than 12 days, or minimum CA 125 never falling below 35 U/ml, sensitivity and specificity were 96 and 65%, respectively, at 1 year of follow-up and 91 and 75%, respectively, at 3 years of follow-up. Conclusions. In those patients in whom residual small volume disease after primary surgery indicates a good prognosis, minimum CA 125 and CA 125 t 0.5 during chemotherapy can further categorize patients into favorable and unfavorable prognostic groups.
23 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/109-722-398-694-900
Keywords: Antigens; Tumor-Associated; Carbohydrate; CA 125 half-life tumor markers; CA 125 half‐life tumor markers; Carcinoma; Carcinoma; Endometrioid; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forecasting; Half-Life; Human; Neoplasm Recurrence; Local; Neoplasm Staging; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Survival Rate; article; ca 125 antigen; cancer grading; cancer recurrence; cancer size; cancer staging; dept.hms; diagnostic accuracy; disease course; epithelial ovarian cancer; female; half life time; histopathology; human; human tissue; major clinical study; ovary carcinoma; priority journal; prognosis; prognostic indicators; retrospective study

The emergence and development of geographic thought in new england - Martin, Geoffrey J (Economic Geography, 1998)
Some of the early settlers of New England brought with them the works and thought of European geographers, notably Ptolemy, Munster, Cluver, Carpenter, and Varenius. Beginning in the 1600s the work of British geographers Gordon and Salmon and Guthrie and Pinkerton was acknowledged, preceding that of Jedidiah Morse, “Father of American Geography.” Morse led the way for a large number of geography texts written by Americans, emphasizing North America and characterized by Varenius's special geography. Early collegiate developments in New England geography were led by Harvard and Yale universities, the College of Rhode Island (later renamed Brown University), and Dartmouth College. The 20 or so normal schools throughout New England, introduced in the middle 1800s, constituted a nursery for geographic education. Also noted are more recent college and university geography departments established throughout the region, including notably Clark University. The founding of societies and associations in New England also furthered the cause of geography.
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/065-602-143-244-317 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Geography; Harvard; History; Morse; USA; New England; Varenius; Yale; dept.egm; geographical thought; geography education; history of geography

Disneyland paris: A permanent economic growth pole in the francilian landscape - d'Hauteserre, Anne-Marie (Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1997)
6 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/029-877-700-234-160 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

Resolving the problems of land‐lockedness - Glassner, Martin Ira (Geopolitics, 1997)
The professional literature on land-locked states has increased substantially in the past two decades. There is now a considerable body of writings by people in many countries around the world reporting on, inquiring into or carefully analysing most aspects of land-lockedness from various disciplinai and national viewpoints. In addition, there is a roughly equally large body of material related to land-lockedness produced by the United Nations and its organs and affiliates; by other intergovernmental organisations, including many regional and subregional groups; and by private consultants and consulting firms, chiefly in the fields of economics and engineering. © 1998 Frank Cass.
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/006-296-698-491-722 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

A response to dimitri ioannides, “Strengthening the ties between tourism and economic geography: A theoretical agenda.” - d'Hauteserre, Anne-Marie (The Professional Geographer, 1996)
1 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00154 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

The rich neighbor policy: rockefeller and kaiser in brazil - Cobbs,EA - Yacher, L (Journal of Developing Areas, 1996)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1996UF91000015
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Geography and national identity - hooson,d - Glassner, M (International Affairs, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1995RL04900030
Keywords: dept.egm

Book review: France's overseas frontier: Départements et territoires d'outre-mer: Robet Aldrich and John Connell, Cambridge University Press, 1992 - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: Nauru: Environmental damage under international trusteeship: Christopher Weeramantry, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1992 - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: The Dutch Caribbean: Prospects for democracy: Betty Sedoc-Dahlberg, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1990 - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography, 1995)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Hartshorne,richard, 1899-1992 - in-memoriam - Martin, GJ (Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1994)
8 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1994PH93800007
Keywords: dept.egm

Geography and the human spirit - buttimer,a - Martin, GJ (Professional Geographer, 1994)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1994NQ42000015
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Pioneers of modern geography - translations pertaining to german geographers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries - west,rc - Martin, GJ (Professional Geographer, 1994)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1994MW89600038
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Tagging and migration of the American lobster Homarus americanus - Haakonsen, H. O.; Anoruo, A. O. (Reviews in Fisheries Science, 1994)
Three types of tags, external, internal, and sonic, have been used to study migration of the American lobster Homarus americanus. Tag loss and interpretation of returned tag data are serious problems associated with internal and external tags. Lobster tracking using sonic tags is still in the pilot stage. Lobster migration is redefined to include horizontal and vertical displacements. Depth of displacement is a more reasonable measurement of lobster migration than horizontal distance traveled. Two distinct lobster populations are discernable based on their ecological habitation and migratory behavior. Evidence in this review suggests that the deep-sea lobster migrates, whereas the coastal lobster may move within a limited range. © 1994, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
20 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: pop00045 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Homarus americanus; coastal lobster; deep-sea lobster; dept.egm; migration

Recent contributions of the United Nations to political geography - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography, 1994)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/079-931-043-628-079 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

The tide flows on - Glassner, Martin Ira (Ocean Yearbook Online, 1994)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/045-497-077-820-496
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: Smith, H.D. and Vallega, A., editors, 1991: The development of integrated sea-use management. London: Routledge. xvi + 284 pp. £45.00 cloth. ISBN: 0 415 03816 2 - Glassner, Martin Ira (Progress in Human Geography, 1993)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1993LH35100033 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.egm

Book Review: Review essay: Recent books on marine affairs - Glassner, Martin Ira (Ocean Development and International Law, 1993)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/025-628-990-489-766 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.egm

Management of marine resources as a binding force in the Eastern Caribbean - Glassner, Martin Ira (Ocean & Coastal Management, 1993)
The history of the Commonwealth Caribbean is replete with failed attempts at various degrees of economic and political integration. The Caribbean Sea itself is rather poor in both living and non-living resources, and the entire region-land and water-is suffering from varying degrees of environmental degradation. This article suggests that regional co-operation in the management of marine resources, particularly in the Anglophone islands of the Eastern Caribbean, could serve as an 'engine of integration'-something previous attempts lacked. There is no assurance that such an effort would be successful, however, despite good intentions, co-operation in many areas at present and some real cultural affinities. The centrifugal forces at work here are still very powerful, including parochialism and the scarcity of resources other than sun, sand and sea. © 1993.
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/060-406-509-332-347 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: Anglophone islands; Caribbean; Caribbean; (East); Centrifugal forces; Coastal engineering; Commonwealth Caribbean; Eastern caribbean; Engine of integration; Environmental degradation; Environmental impact; Laws and legislation; Management; Management of marine resources; Scarcity of resources; dept.egm; developing country; economic and political integration; economic association; environmental degradation; environmental resource management; marine resource management; marine resources; regional cooperation; resources management

The political geography of the sea - Glassner, Martin Ira (Canadian Geographer, 1993)
3 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/017-048-621-388-635 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

Enhancing teaching excellence through a scientist-science teacher collaborative process. - Haakonsen, Harry O; Stone, A Harris; Tomala, Gail; Hageman, Susan (Journal of Science Teacher Education, 1993)
2 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/013-630-213-283-541 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

The times atlas and encyclopedia of the sea - couper,a - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1992)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1992HH67000013
Keywords: dept.egm

History of geography archives — A world directory - Martin, G J (GeoJournal, 1992)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/061-242-427-891-485 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

The geography of geographers - Martin, G J (GeoJournal, 1992)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/073-501-533-569-19X tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

Review: international law and organization: the fisheries regime of the exclusive economic zone, EEC fisheries LawTHE FISHERIES REGIME OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONEDordrechtMohamed dahmani, boston, lancaster: martinus nijhoff, 1987, xii, 188 pp, US71.50EEC FISHERIES LAWChurchillRobin R.Dordrecht, boston, lancaster: martinus nijhoff, 1987, xxviii, 299 pp, US80.00 - Glassner, Martin Ira (International Journal, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Annual-Review of Ocean Affairs - Law and Policy, Main Documents 1988, Vol 3 - Un-Off-Ocean-Affairs-Law-Sea - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991GQ16500007
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: The exclusive economic zone - regime and legal nature under international-law - vicuna,fo - Glassner, Martin Ira (Marine Policy, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

The Age of the Arctic: Hot Conflicts and Cold Realities. By Gail Osherenko and Oran R. Young. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 316p. $59.50. - Glassner, Martin Ira (American Political Science Review, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: ISI:A1991FE99500108, lens.org/119-981-059-692-619 tex.unique-id: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm

Development and Social-Change in the Pacific Islands - Couper,ad - Glassner, MI (Political Geography Quarterly, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.orcid-numbers: PATTANAYAK, MANORANJAN/0000-0002-5661-6563 tex.researcherid-numbers: PATTANAYAK, MANORANJAN/N-7858-2017 tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991EQ30700011
Keywords: dept.egm

International Space Policy - Legal, Economic and Strategic Options for the 20th-Century and Beyond - Papp,ds, Mcintyre,jr - Glassner, MI (Political Geography Quarterly, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991EQ30700010
Keywords: dept.egm

The law of the sea and international shipping: AngloSoviet post-UNCLOS. W.E. Butler (ed). New York, London and Rome: Oceana Publication, 1985 - Glassner, M.I. (Political Geography Quarterly, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: Die seerechtliche verteilung von nutzungsrechten; rechte der binnenstaaten in der ausshliesslichen wirtschaftszone: Gerhard Hafner, Vienna and New York: Springer Verlag, 1987 - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography Quarterly, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/035-830-542-556-808 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.egm

The frontiers of earth — and of political geography: The sea, Antarctica and outer space - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography Quarterly, 1991)
6 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/181-511-227-722-816 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

The Fisheries Regime of the Exclusive Economic Zone - Dahmani,m - Glassner, MI (International Journal, 1991)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1991HC51100012
Keywords: dept.egm

North-South Perspectives on Marine Policy - Morris,ma - Glassner, MI (Journal of Developing Areas, 1990)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1990CV37800023
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

The legal regime of enclosed or semi-enclosed seas - the particular case of the mediterranean - vukas,b - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1990)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1990CE16700015
Keywords: dept.egm

The theory and history of ocean boundary-making - johnston,dm - Glassner, MI (Political Geography Quarterly, 1990)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1990CJ06800010
Keywords: dept.egm

International-law for Antarctica - Francioni,f, Scovazzi,t - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AT86700015
Keywords: dept.egm

The strait of dover, vol 8 - cuyvers,l - Glassner, MI (Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989CD99200009
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

The un convention on the law of the sea - impact and implementation - proceedings of the 19th annual conference of the law-of-the-sea-institute, 1985 - brown,ed, churchill,rr - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AT86700009
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Review: The law of the sea and maritime boundary delimitation in South-East Asia: Kriangsak Kittichaisaree Oxford University Press, Singapore, 1987, xv + 209 pp - Glassner, Martin Ira (Marine Policy, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/044-415-980-646-043 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.egm

Marine affairs bibliography 1980-1985 - wiktor,cl, foster,la - Glassner, MI (Marine Policy, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AB91600012
Keywords: dept.egm

Book Reivew: Maritime boundaries and ocean resources: Gerald Blake (ed.), Croom Helm, Beckenham, Kent, 1987, xiii + 284 pp., £27.50 - Glassner, Martin I. (Political Geography Quarterly, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

Book review: International and United States documents on oceans law and policy: John Norton Moore (ed.), William S. Hein, Buffalo, NY, 1986, 5 vols., $195.00 - Glassner, Martin I. (Political Geography Quarterly, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

The exclusive economic zone in international-law - attard,dj - Glassner, MI (Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989U929600006
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: The refugee problem on universal, regional and national level: Thesaurus Acroasium, Vol. XIII, Institute of International Public Law and International Relations of Thessaloniki, 1987, xvi + 1022pp., $150.00 - Glassner, Martin I. (Political Geography Quarterly, 1989)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31]
Keywords: dept.egm

United-nations convention on the law of the sea, 1982 - a commentary, vol 1 - nordquist,mh - Glassner, MI (Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989T298200005
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Georges bank - backus,rh - Glassner, MI (Canadian Geographer-Geographe Canadien, 1989)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1989AU47200018
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

The atlas of Central-America and the Caribbean - diagram-group - Glassner, MI (Professional Geographer, 1987)
tex.unique-id: ISI:A1987J734400019
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: The USSR, Eastern Europe and the development of the law of the sea: Compiled, Translated and Edited by W.E. Butler, Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications, 1983 et seq. Two looseleaf binders, 100 each binder. - Glassner, Martin Ira (Political Geography Quarterly, 1987)
0 citations (Crossref) [2023-10-31] Citation Key Alias: lens.org/069-757-450-223-358 tex.type: [object Object]
Keywords: book.review; dept.egm