Siyar: An Ephemeral Genre of Islamic Legal Literature? - Judd, Steven (Islam on the Margins, 2022)
Keywords: History & Culture; Middle East and Islamic Studies; Religion in Asia; Religious Studies; dept.his

The role of power in community participation: Relocation as climate change adaptation in Fiji - Bertana, Amanda (Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 2020)
As the impacts of climate change intensify, potential relocation is becoming more of a reality for coastal communities throughout the world. This is furthering the demand for the implementation of governance relocation frameworks. In order to stay true to the principles of environmental justice while at the same time ensuring an effective policy that meets the needs and wants of affected communities, an adaptive relocation framework requires collaboration between state and non-state actors. It is thus important to pay attention to how non-state actors are incorporated into public participatory climate change adaptation efforts. In order to affectively address previous limitations of public participation, stakeholders must pay attention to already existing power systems. Through a case study approach of a village relocation project in Fiji, I examine the role of power in a climate change adaptation plan that involved the community of Vunidogoloa, local government, and national government stakeholders. I employ Steven Lukes’s three-dimensional framework of power to the case of Vunidogoloa, a Fijian village that relocated inland due to coastal erosion and shoreline flooding, to illustrate how the political arrangement of participation reinforced existing hierarchies between the village and the government.
Keywords: dept.soc; peer-reviewed

Religious Explanations for Environmental Degradation in Narikoso, Fiji - Bertana, Amanda (Understanding Climate Change through Religious Lifeworlds, 2021)
How can religion help to understand and contend with the challenges of climate change?Understanding Climate Change through Religious Lifeworld,edited by David Haberman, presents a unique collection of essays that detail how the effects of human-related climate change are actively reshaping religious ideas and practices, even as religious groups and communities endeavor to bring their traditions to bear on mounting climate challenges.People of faith from the low-lying islands of the South Pacific to the glacial regions of the Himalayas are influencing how their communities understand earthly problems and develop meaningful responses to them. This collection focuses on a variety of different aspects of this critical interaction, including the role of religion in ongoing debates about climate change, religious sources of environmental knowledge and how this knowledge informs community responses to climate change, and the ways that climate change is in turn driving religious change.Understanding Climate Change through Religious Lifeworlds offers a transnational view of how religion reconciles the concepts of the global and the local and influences the challenges of climate change.
Keywords: dept.soc

Stabilization approaches that empower clients through mental health crises - Logan, Isabel; Green, Cheryl A. (IGI Global, 2023)
Mental health practitioners often overlook initial stabilization strategies and interventions when providing evidence-informed approaches in order to get to the so-called “important” or “interesting” part of treatment. For many mental health practitioners, the “important” or “interesting” component...
Keywords: dept.nur; dept.swk

Bilingual Court Professionals’ Perceptions of Their Language Skills: Asset or Liability? - Logan, Isabel; Negroni, Lirio K. (Advances in Social Work, 2021)
Bilingual professionals are considered an asset in the workplace. However, bilingual professionals at times perceive their language skills as a liability. This paper examined bilingual professionals’ perceptions of their language skills and the factors that influence their views. Focus groups were used to capture the perspectives of 15 bilingual professionals who speak English and Spanish and work in a court system in the eastern region of the United States. Findings reveal challenges rooted in discrimination that convert bilingual professionals’ perceptions of their language skills from an asset to a liability. Participants highlight unfair practices affecting Limited English Proficiency (LEP) clients. These practices force bilingual professionals to become protectors and gatekeepers to prevent adverse outcomes and provide access to services in the court and across social service systems. Ultimately, bilingual professionals’ perceptions of their language skills depended on how others used their language skills in the workplace. To support bilingual professionals and provide quality services to LEP clients, social work administrators must evaluate structural supports and provide training specific to the cultural aspect of language for all employees.
Keywords: Bilingual Professionals; Court system; Discrimination; Language; Social Work; dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Oh So Yum! Inspiring Others to Explore the Many Flavors of Plant-Based Nutrition with Everyday Favorites and Weekend Fun Food: Volume 1: Non-Dairy Edition - Gibson, Lori Angelica (White Dove Cottage Industries, LLC, 2023)
Oh So Yum! Volume 1 is a little bit gourmet and a little bit every day. With recipes for non-dairy cheeses, savory entrees, sweet treats and so much more, there is something to satisfy every craving and the most discriminating palates.Whether you're new to plant-based nutrition or a seasoned veteran, you can continue to enjoy your favorite flavors while benefitting animals, the planet and your health. This book will show you how and will quickly become your most reached for resource for quick and easy, tasty and satisfying, crowd-pleasing meals.Praise for Oh So Yum!“Oh So Yum is not just the title of this wonderful book. It is exactly what this book is about—creating delicious and surprisingly easy foods that have all the taste and none of the regrets that often accompany tasty meals. The instructions are simple, and the results are spectacular.” - Neal D. Barnard, MD, FACCAdjunct Professor, George Washington University School of MedicinePresident, Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine“Anyone who thinks plant-based eating means sacrificing foods you love, this book will quickly change your mind! Written from a clear place of passion—Lori has created the ultimate introduction and delicious guide full of many classic dishes and favorite desserts, plus lots of staple recipes to keep stocked in your fridge and use a thousand different ways!”- Natalie ThomasRecipe and Video Creator, Feasting on Fruit“Lori’s Feta cheese is FANTASTIC!!! She could start up a business selling vegan cheeses. I bet there are a lot of people looking for good alternatives – this one is the best!- Dawn Duval, Area Supervisor“Wow! Lori’s aged blue cheese is delicious. I was going to let it sit in the cellar to age a bit longer but couldn’t resist trying it with some marinated eggplant!!! Thank you again!!!!!!”- Cindy Schrank Kane, Maven of Moderation“The ricotta recipe turned out great! Very easy. I usually make a cashew ricotta but will be replacing it with this recipe because this tastes a lot more like real ricotta to me. I bet I could swap this for dairy ricotta in any stuffed/layered pasta recipe without my non-veg friends and family noticing. I made the red pepper-fennel pasta with it too and liked how easy it was to transform the ricotta into a creamy pasta sauce.”- Melissa McBerkowitz, Recipe Testing Team, USA“The gelato is absolutely delicious! I took a portion to my mother who is vegetarian and trying to reduce her dairy intake and she said if she could buy vegan ice cream like this in the shops she would be very happy!”- Caroline Christian, Recipe Testing Team, UKWhat’s inside: 50+ whole food plant-based recipes including…Fresh, cultured and aged cheeses including feta, ricotta, mozzarella and cream cheese, plus REAL aged cheeses such as Camembert and Blue cheese.Veganized versions of popular dishes including stuffed shells, spanakopita (Greek Spinach Pie) and zucchini pad Thai.Dressings, sauces, appetizers and sides such as gourmet blue cheese dressing, marinated feta, mushroom antipasto, marinated eggplant and even potato salad.Weekend fun foods including smoked portobello CrunchWrap, jackfruit caritas and pizzeria style pizza.Fabulous desserts such as cheesecake, cashew cream parfaits, chocolate peanut butter pie and gelato.
Keywords: dept.eng

Predicting speech-in-speech recognition: Short-term audibility and spatial separation - Wasiuk, P.A.; Calandruccio, L.; Oleson, J.J.; Buss, E. (Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2023)
Quantifying the factors that predict variability in speech-in-speech recognition represents a fundamental challenge in auditory science. Stimulus factors associated with energetic and informational masking (IM) modulate variability in speech-in-speech recognition, but energetic effects can be difficult to estimate in spectro-temporally dynamic speech maskers. The current experiment characterized the effects of short-term audibility and differences in target and masker location (or perceived location) on the horizontal plane for sentence recognition in two-talker speech. Thirty young adults with normal hearing (NH) participated. Speech reception thresholds and keyword recognition at a fixed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were measured in each spatial condition. Short-term audibility for each keyword was quantified using a glimpsing model. Results revealed that speech-in-speech recognition depended on the proportion of audible glimpses available in the target + masker keyword stimulus in each spatial condition, even across stimuli presented at a fixed global SNR. Short-term audibility requirements were greater for colocated than spatially separated speech-in-speech recognition, and keyword recognition improved more rapidly as a function of increases in target audibility with spatial separation. Results indicate that spatial cues enhance glimpsing efficiency in competing speech for young adults with NH and provide a quantitative framework for estimating IM for speech-in-speech recognition in different spatial configurations. © 2023 Acoustical Society of America.
Keywords: dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Cold Reality: Revisions of War in John Knowles’ “Phineas” and A Separate Peace – Irish Journal of American Studies - Schriefer, Natalie (Irish Journal of American Studies, 2022)
Keywords: dept.hhs; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

With Death, an Orange Segment Between Our Teeth, poems by Marie-Claire Bancquart - Bancquart, Marie-Claire (Orison Books, 2023)
With Death, an Orange Segment Between Our TeethMarie-Claire BancquartTranslated from the French by Wendeline A. Hardenberg *Available for pre-order.* Orison Bookspaper / 178 pp. / $18.00bilingualISBN: 978-1-949039-42-9Distributed to the trade by Itasca Books952-223-8373 / orders@itascabooks.comPublication Date: November 7, 2023 ABOUT THE BOOK Marie-Claire Bancquart (1932–2019) was a prolific and prize-winning French poet, novelist, essayist, and critic. In her poetry, she combines an erudite vocabulary and references to classical literature with an earthy sensibility and a fascination with experiencing the smallest moments of everyday life fully. The deceptive simplicity of her poems lays bare the mysteries underlying the world we inhabit and our very existence. Wendeline A. Hardenberg’s careful and skillful translations are sure to broaden the audience for this significant poet as yet too little known outside of France. PRAISE Deeply philosophical, these poems, originally published in French when the author was in her seventies, focus on the meaning of existence. The poet reminds us that our lives—“seven liters of water wrapped in skin”—are “small,” but “the universe [is] in us / us in the universe.” From our “ephemeral perch on the earth,” writing achieves a kind of immortality, producing “a few words warmed by the journey, / that scatter outside, vouching / that you gave them a little extra life.” Readers will be grateful to Hardenberg for carefully shepherding these provocative poems into English. —Nancy Naomi Carlson, recipient of The Oxford-Weidenfeld Translation Prize Strange and wonderful translations of strange and wonderful poems... Marie-Claire Bancquart’s voice is utterly unique; her poems—by turns lyrical and jarring, mystical and forthright, tender and brutal—sing and clamor in your head long after you’ve read them. Like their French originals, Hardenberg’s excellent translations glitter and dart and unsettle; they dodge like wrestlers, then they grab you by the throat and won’t let go. This is rich writing to come back to again and again; each time you’re ambushed by some startling image or phrase or notion that you hadn’t noticed before. A vital book, both in the sense of its aliveness and its urgency.—Bill Johnston, recipient of The PEN Translation Prize ABOUT THE AUTHOR & TRANSLATOR Marie-Claire Bancquart (1932–2019) was a prolific and prize-winning French poet, novelist, essayist, and critic, as well as a Professor Emerita of French literature at the Sorbonne. Her final book, De l'improbable, précédé de Mo(r)t, was published by Éditions Arfuyen in 2020. Wendeline A. Hardenberg studied at Smith College and Indiana University, where she earned master’s degrees in Comparative Literature with a focus on translation and Library Science. She is the translator of numerous books, including The Bookshop of Forgotten Dreams by Emily Blaine, Will You Ever Change? by Aurélie Valognes, and Project Anastasis by Jacques Vandroux. Hardenberg’s translations have been published in Asymptote, Columbia Journal, Metamorphoses, Tupelo Quarterly, Two Lines, and other places. She lives in New Haven, Connecticut. SAMPLE POEM Close The blackberriesare clotted profusely in the bushes we are so close to the secret of this worldthat it seems to be awaitingjusta small steplike onto a balcony, to smell a flower. We don’t move that would be to wound the beingalmost managing to bein view of the fruits’ black boiling.
Keywords: dept.lib; literary-poetry

A case study on the role of project-based learning in improving university students’ speaking skills: From theory to practice - Trihn, Nguyen Thi Tu; Schmitt, Elena (Konińskie Studia Językowe, 2020)
The aims of this paper are twofold: (1) to study the application of project-based learning ten-step process framework suggested by Alan and Stoller (2005) to boost English speaking ability of undergraduate students at the University of Da Nang, and (2) to investigate the levels of undergraduate students’ satisfaction. The subjects were 24 final year undergraduate engineering students at the university of Da Nang during the first semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. The instruments used in this experiment included lesson plans, a project evaluation form, a student’s self-assessment form, a satisfaction questionnaire and interviews
Keywords: English speaking skills; dept.wll; peer-reviewed; project-based learning; self-assessment

The knowledge framework for building teacher awareness of language in content instruction - Schmitt, Elena; Gleason, Jesse (Social Practices in Higher Education; A Knowledge Framework Approach to Linguistic Research and Teaching; Slater, 2023)
Keywords: dept.wll

Bilingualism - Schmitt, Elena G. (Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online, 2023)
Keywords: dept.wll

Imprisoned: Interlocking Oppression in Law Enforcement, Housing, and Public Education - Meyerhoffer, Cassi A.; Rodriguez, Brittany Leigh (University of Georgia Press, 2023)
Over the last several years, the United States has experienced a surge in bystander videos that have captured incidents of police brutality and prejudice directed largely at Black people. Public outrage surrounding police brutality persists as these incidents continue to reach the public eye. As public discourse around police brutality and racial inequality largely centers on specific events, there is a dearth of information about systemic racism and how race and racism pervade every single aspect of American life. How Black people are often treated by law enforcement is reflective of larger historical racial inequities and injustices that extend far beyond the criminal justice system and intersect with how Black people access housing, occupy public spaces, and are treated in American public schools.Imprisoned: Interlocking Oppression in Law Enforcement, Housing, and Public Educationfocuses on contemporary systemic racism as it relates to how the U.S. criminal justice system, housing system, and education system intersect to create a matrix of inequality for Black people. To illustrate the systemic nature of racism in American policing and communities, this book highlights contemporary policies and practices that intersect with residential segregation and public schooling that continue to affect Black people on a large-scale, structural level―demonstrating the extent to which the United States criminal justice system is tied to where people live and how they are treated and educated in public schools.
Keywords: dept.soc

Introduction: Schelling and the Environment - Harry, Chelsea C. (Environment, Space, Place, 2022)
Keywords: dept.phi

Brill's Companion to the Reception of Presocratic Natural Philosophy in Later Classical Thought - Harry, Chelsea C; Habash, Justin (Brill, 2021)
Keywords: Ancient Philosophy; Classical Studies; Classical Tradition & Reception Studies; History; History of Science; Philosophy; Philosophy of Science; dept.phi

Exploring the Contributions of Women in the History of Philosophy, Science, and Literature, Throughout Time - Harry, Chelsea C.; Vlahakis, George N. (Springer, 2023)
This book explores contributions by some of the most influential women in the history of philosophy, science, and literature
Keywords: dept.phi

A Study of the Deployment of Institutional Repositories in Colleges and Universities in Connecticut - Clarke, Christopher D.; Kim, Hak Joon (Practical Academic Librarianship: The International Journal of the SLA Academic Division, 2023)
In the past several years, many colleges and universities have developed institutional repositories as a means of highlighting the research and scholarship conducted at their institution as well as a means of combating the current publication model. Past studies have concentrated on growth in the total number of repositories, but none has looked at how the number of repositories in a particular region compares to those institutions without a repository. The primary purposes of this study were to find out how many colleges and universities in Connecticut have developed institutional repositories and how they have used these institutional repositories. Overall, this study revealed that less than a third of the academic institutions in Connecticut have institutional repositories. These repositories are most frequently found in the state sponsored universities and the independent, nonprofit schools. On the other hand, none of the community colleges, which constitute one of the largest proportion of schools in the state behind independent, nonprofits, has a repository. A vast majority of the repositories are registered with OpenDOAR, and nearly all of them use Digital Commons as their platform. The two most popular types of content found in Connecticut institutional repositories are journal articles and theses & dissertations.
Keywords: dept.ils; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Finding Mary: A Journey of Reclamation - Rumrill, Julie (BookBaby, 2021)
Julie Rumrill was only four when her 16-year-old sister Louise was murdered. Three years later, her 13-year-old sister Mary died as well. Her broken family did what was necessary to survive, and mostly, that meant silence―silence about death, about grief, and about them. For nearly four decades, Julie abided by the family script, burying the memories of her sisters deep within her subconscious. Then, after her dad revealed that he had never been to Mary's grave, she decided they should go together. But there's one major complication: no one actually knows where Mary is buried.Her quest to find Mary leads Julie on a spiritual journey to an Abode in the Appalachians, an Ashram in the Himalayas, and into the darkness of a 250-page police report that recounts her sister Louise's murder. But when a close friend of Julie's is suddenly murdered too, a derailing mix of anger, fear, and guilt surfaces. Desperate to find peace, she's forced to draw on the wisdom of several generations to see this journey to its fruition.
Keywords: dept.esc

"A Charnel House of Uncertainty, Doubt, and Error": Medical and Narrative Authority in Some Fin-de-Siècle Fictions - Fluhr, Nicole (Literature and Medicine, 2021)
Keywords: dept.eng; peer-reviewed

Islam on the Margins: Studies in Memory of Michael Bonner - Judd, Steven; Haug, Robert (BRILL, 2023)
Islam on the Margins commemorates the contributions Michael Bonner made to Near Eastern Studies. It consists of fourteen contributions by his students and colleagues that focus on various aspects of his work. The contributions coalesce around four major themes of Bonner’s endeavours: Holy War and the Frontier, Qurʾan and Law, Geography and Ethnography, and Books, Coins and Titles. Collectively, the contributions underscore the breadth of Michael Bonner’s erudition and impact on the field.
Keywords: History / Asia / General; History / Middle East / General; Religion / Islam / General; dept.his

“Maybe There’s Nobody to Shoot”: The Disappearing Landlord in 20th-Century U.S. Fiction - Stretch, Cynthia (American Houses: Literary Spaces of Resistance and Desire, 2022)
Keywords: American Studies; General; History; North America; Social Sciences; dept.eng

At Home on the Stage: Toward an Affective Geography of Gentrification and Eviction in U.S. Cities - Stretch, Cynthia (Literary Representations of Precarious Work, 1840 to the Present, 2021)
Spoken word performance addressing gentrification and eviction encodes and embodies increasingly abstract and bureaucratically obfuscated processes of racialized dispossession in U.S. cities. Developing tropes across three works about housing precarity are read as poets’ attempts to identify the antagonists behind the digital wall of finance capital. Whereas the interactions of housing-insecure people with and within the housing market generate socially devalued identities, spoken word’s emphasis on “authenticity” requires poets to stand up as and for themselves as they wish to be (seen). In so doing, poets attempt to connect with audiences in real time to locate or reconstitute a stance as agents, however provisionally.
Keywords: A Scribe Called Quess?; Eviction; Gentrification; Nick Petrie; Roya Marsh; Spoken word poetry; dept.eng

War in Travel Literature - Dubino, Jeanne; Kocabıyık, Orkun; Marino, Elisabetta; Smyth, Andrew J. (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2023)
These twelve chapters show how war functions as a subject, theme, impetus--willing and not--and backdrop in travel writing. Literature about travel and war in tandem enables readers to rethink both categories. The forms of travel writing about war addressed in this collection, including cookbooks and military magazines along with nonfiction narrative and memoir, reveal how heterogenous travel writing can be. To study travel in connection with war expands readers' understanding of the multiple motivations instigating travellers' journeys. War is about more than fighting on a battlefield; its reach is extensive, encompassing the spheres surrounding its battlefields and fronts. The many actors involved in any conflict attests to the ways war is absorbed into their worlds, permeates their thoughts and spurs their actions. Readers interested in travel literature from the beginning of the nineteenth century through the present day will find this volume to be of especial interest.
Keywords: dept.eng

DMEgrader: Android Mobile Application for Diabetic Macular Edema Grading Prediction - Al-Absi, Hamada R.H.; Muchori, Gilbert Njihia; Musleh, Saleh a; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Pai, Anant; Alam, Tanvir (2023 International Conference on Information Technology: Cybersecurity Challenges for Sustainable Cities, ICIT 2023 - Proceeding, 2023)
More than half a billion people worldwide are affected by diabetes, which is a prevalent non-communicable disease that can lead to critical health conditions, including vision loss. Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) is a primary cause of vision impairment and can eventually lead to blindness in diabetic patients. Early detection of DME and proper health management are crucial to controlling the disease. Retinal image-based AI-enabled diabetes diagnosis has gained significant attention as a non-invasive, fast, and reasonably accurate method for diagnosing DME. To make this technology accessible to underserved communities or areas lacking proper clinical facilities, a mobile application-based solution could have a significant impact. In this article, we describe how we transformed our previously published AI-enabled model into an Android-based mobile application, which is part of a two-phase research study. In the first phase, we developed a deep learning-based model that predicts DME grading using retinal images. In the second phase, we built a mobile application DMEgrader to make our model accessible via a mobile device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article to demonstrate necessary steps and code snippets to support developers in transforming deep learning models into Android based mobile applications for DME grading prediction. © 2023 IEEE.
Keywords: Deep Learning; Diabetes; Diabetic Macular Edema; Qatar Biobank; dept.csc

Chronic: A Memoir - Dimyan, Rebecca (Woodhall Press, 2023)
In this powerful debut, Rebecca Dimyan details her experience with endometriosis, a chronic disease which effects one in ten women worldwide. This painful condition takes an average of seven years to be diagnosed and has no proven cure. Most women will undergo multiple surgeries, take countless painkillers and other drugs, and will still endure regular pain and other complications. With honesty, vulnerability, and sometimes humor, Dimyan explores the ways the condition has impacted her experiences, her body, her pain, and her joy. She takes her audience on an emotional journey through her teenage years, early twenties, and into her thirties as she becomes a professional woman, wife, and mother. Dimyan blends research, anecdotes, and advice as she shares the relief she’s found through alternative treatments and holistic medicine. Chronic isn’t just a story about one woman’s illness—it is a memoir about all the pain, pleasure, heartbreak, friendship, love, and hope she experiences on her path to healing.
Keywords: dept.eng

Spaces to heal: providing the table and seats - Njoku, Anuli; Evans, Marian (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) women faculty and administrators are breaking barriers, maintaining excellence, becoming award-winning scholars, and flourishing as experts in their fields. Still, they must survive while they thrive, grappling with insecurity, writer’s block, and imposter syndrome. Further examination prompts the realization that imposter syndrome may be a scapegoat for structural racism. Moreover, COVID-19 has created substantial health and financial tolls, fueled mental and emotional fatigue, and disrupted workplace productivity. These barriers caused by COVID-19 and structural racism inspire the courage to reassure, uplift, mentor, invite, and make collaborative spaces for BIPOC women to express feelings of vulnerability, unease, and, ultimately, hope. When seats are missing at the table, one can bring their own table and seats. In a field of often unforgiving critics, the authors provided underrepresented scholars the opportunity to promote authenticity and illuminate their voices. This chapter shares the authors’ reflections on being able to share the diverse and resilient perspectives of BIPOC women in academia.
Keywords: BIPOC women faculty; COVID-19; Imposter syndrome; Self-preservation; Sisterhood in the academy; dept.pch

Coping resources and self-care during COVID-19, police brutality, and social unrest - Njoku, Anuli (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
U.S. society has been gripped with dueling pandemics of racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, highly publicized instances of police brutality against Black persons, and ensuing unrest to challenges these atrocities. In higher education, the rapid pivot response to COVID-19 with remote and virtual learning has also highlighted multiple levels of mental health trauma and disparities. There has also been vicarious trauma for Black women in academia who may have seen their family, friends, or loved ones reflected during increased media coverage of police brutality. This implores the need for effective strategies to mitigate these issues. This chapter discusses evidence-based strategies for Black women who navigate academia and teach during times of COVID-19 and social unrest. This chapter also proposes strategies for university leaders to consider alleviating cultural and racial gaps in the classroom or workplace and foster diversity and inclusion in academia.
Keywords: Academia; Black women; COVID-19; Higher education; Police brutality; Trauma; dept.pch

ACEing the Black Trauma of the COVID-19 Pandemic - Evans, Marian (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
When I first took the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) quiz, I was overcome with the enormity of Black trauma contained in those ten questions. The quiz reflected my own story, as well as those of Black students, women, and families—traumas that were magnified by the impact of three pandemics: COVID-19, economic inequities, and systemic racism. The definition of trauma as “emotional responses to disastrous life events” like COVID-19 can have both short- and long-term health consequences throughout one’s lifespan. The impact of COVID-19 as Black trauma in my family will reverberate long after society heals from the last three years and moves toward living with COVID-19 symbiotically. It is imperative to recognize ACEs and their perpetual trauma to implement successful trauma-informed practices to counteract and undo the damaging effects of COVID-19 on our collective lives.
Keywords: ACEs quiz; Adverse childhood experiences; COVID-19; Trauma-informed practices; dept.pch

It’s a win-win: faculty-mentored research with students of color - Njoku, Anuli; Felix, Rochelle (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
In addition to fueling health disparities, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequities among faculty of color. COVID-19 has also taken a dramatic toll on college students’ mental health, with evident racial disparities. Gender inequality in research productivity has also been revealed, with women submitting fewer papers compared to men. This pandemic has created an opportunity, of sorts, to promote academic and career success among women and students of color in academia. Research has shown that mentorship and research opportunities improve chances for success among students of color in higher education. Faculty members can also progress personally and professionally from such collaborations. Still, students of color are not equally given opportunities to collaborate with faculty on research. This chapter shares perspectives and strategies from Black women faculty and graduate students regarding faculty-student research to promote academic and career success among faculty and students of color in academia.
Keywords: COVID-19; Faculty-mentored research; Mentoring; Student research; Students of color; dept.pch

Giving Up Is Never an Option: Personal and Professional Development During COVID-19 - Felix, Rochelle (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
COVID-19 brought me challenges and opportunities. I lost important people in this pandemic but also accomplished a lot. COVID-19 gave me a chance to soul search, grow, and develop. I blossomed into the woman I have always wanted to be but could not find. During it all, I was awarded my undergraduate degree, got accepted to a graduate program, received a new job, and bought my first car. With every blessing came a challenge, including health problems. Still, I persevered. Opportunities continue to present themselves and I seize them. Professional successes included publishing an article, presenting at a state public health conference, being featured in my university’s annual newsletter, and nailing my dream job! I got to “See Me!”, a woman of color coming from another country, accomplishing so much in a short span of time. This chapter details a true testimony and how giving up is not an option.
Keywords: COVID-19; Graduate students; Mental health; Resilience; dept.pch

Leading in color in academia: a latinx chair’s experience of resiliency and hope - Reyes, Loida (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
On Wednesday, January 20, 2021, Kamala Harris broke through the gender and racial barrier that has kept men at the top ranks of American politics for over two centuries. This moment singlehandedly challenged the definition of leadership and who “fits” in that traditional model. Reyes examines the challenges and highlights three lessons of leading in color in academia today, being the first Latina to chair her department. Her journey reflects similar experiences of women of color who are burdened by the emotional toll that comes with being a part of systemic change, by virtue of leading while of color. To begin dismantling systemic racism and sexism, organizations must commit to addressing the issues head-on by reexamining policies, practices, and work environments that have perpetuated systemic inequalities. Greater supports are needed for women of color to be effective as their contributions are invaluable in achieving true systemic change.
Keywords: Academia; Hope; Latinx experiences; Resiliency; dept.swk

Grow through what you go through - Ortiz, Chelsea L. (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
Being a millennial person-of-color in the twenty-first century is exhaustive in itself—adding the vulnerabilities of a global pandemic magnified that undertaking. As women, we bear the responsibilities of balancing our professional life with our family life; our role as a partner or friend with our role as an individual being; and our mental health with our social health. “Grow Through What You Go Through” explores the value of saying “Yes, I can do this too” when COVID-19 gave many a reason to say, “I’ve had enough.” Between being a supportive partner and family member to many who experienced financial and educational setbacks and being an important part of preparing the next set of future nurses to lead and excel during a global pandemic, COVID-19 enlightened my perspective on who I was at the start of COVID-19 and the person I would turn out to be by the end of it.
Keywords: COVID-19; Coping; Resilience; dept.nur

Lessons for My Daughters (Taught to Me by bell) - Hutchinson, Brandon L. A. (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
As a tenured professor at a predominantly white institution (PWI), I am aware of the hardships we face in the academy; as a mother of three Black girls, a wife to a Black man, I am full. And yet, I must make space to see my own self clearly. Each day as a Black woman, I must set the intention to save my own life.
Keywords: Identity; Introspection; Self-care; dept.eng

Self-Identification in Black, Red, Brown, and White: A clarion call to address medical racism in Native American communities - Boudreaux, Mary (Navigating Academia During COVID-19: Perspectives and Strategies from BIPOC Women, 2023)
This chapter provides a brief autobiographical account of her multiethnic and racial background as a Louisiana Creole in south Louisiana. The author points out that among all racial and ethnic groups in the United States, Indigenous people are the only ones that require some form of lineal Native American descent or blood quantum. The chapter provides an ancestry account of two American Indian tribes along the bayous of south Louisiana, the Chitimacha, and the United Houma Nation. While one federally recognized tribe has attempted to remove all relations to individuals of Black, Negro, or African American descent, the other has closed enrollment to new members (despite lineal descent), with the unifying factor among these communities being establishing progenitors. Finally, the author articulates how lack of access to resources related to issues such as COVID-19 has perpetuated the historical legacy of medical racism in tribal and underserved communities in the United States.
Keywords: COVID-19; Medical racism; Native American; Tribal communities; dept.edl

Navigating academia during COVID-19: perspectives and strategies from BIPOC women - Njoku, Anuli; Evans, Marian (Springer International Publishing, 2023)
Keywords: BIPOC faculty; Covid-19; Gender and Education; dept.pch; narrative inquiry; professional development; trauma

My Face-Eating Octopus - Furey, Rachel (Harpur Palate, 2023)
Keywords: dept.eng; literary-nonfiction

Improved versions of crow search algorithm for solving global numerical optimization problems - Sheta, Alaa; Braik, Malik; Al-Hiary, Heba; Mirjalili, Seyedali (Applied Intelligence, 2023)
Over recent decades, research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has developed a broad range of approaches and methods that can be utilized or adapted to address complex optimization problems. As real-world problems get increasingly complicated, this requires an effective optimization method. Various meta-heuristic algorithms have been developed and applied in the optimization domain. This paper used and ameliorated a promising meta-heuristic approach named Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) to address numerical optimization problems. Although CSA can efficiently optimize many problems, it needs more searchability and early convergence. Its positioning updating process was improved by supporting two adaptive parameters: flight length (fl) and awareness probability (AP) to tackle these curbs. This is to manage the exploration and exploitation conducts of CSA in the search space. This process takes advantage of the randomization of crows in CSA and the adoption of well-known growth functions. These functions were recognized as exponential, power, and S-shaped functions to develop three different improved versions of CSA, referred to as Exponential CSA (ECSA), Power CSA (PCSA), and S-shaped CSA (SCSA). In each of these variants, two different functions were used to amend the values of fl and AP. A new dominant parameter was added to the positioning updating process of these algorithms to enhance exploration and exploitation behaviors further. The reliability of the proposed algorithms was evaluated on 67 benchmark functions, and their performance was quantified using relevant assessment criteria. The functionality of these algorithms was illustrated by tackling four engineering design problems. A comparative study was made to explore the efficacy of the proposed algorithms over the standard one and other methods. Overall results showed that ECSA, PCSA, and SCSA have convincing merits with superior performance compared to the others.
Keywords: Crow search algorithm; Engineering problems; Meta-heuristics; Optimization; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Introduction - Morrissey, John; Heidkamp, C. Patrick; Garland, Michaela; Krak, Louie (Demanding Sustainability: Pillars to (Re-)Build a Shared Prosperity, 2022)
This chapter introduces the 5 ‘pillars’ through which to (re-)build a shared sustainable prosperity. The five pillars aim to provide a framework through which policymakers, decision-makers, politicians, community groups and the corporate sphere might begin to consider, map out and plan for just transitions in their domains. The theoretical framing combines socio-technical transitions, social justice and just transitions perspectives; the novelty of our proposed approach here is the further inclusion of resilience perspectives, to account for the shifting relations between sustainability and resilience. Our understanding of sustainability aligns with a ‘strong sustainability’ perspective, whereby ecological limits represent ‘hard’ limits to development, limits which need to be acknowledged and respected.
Keywords: Just transitions; Pillars; Social justice; Socio-technical transitions; Strong sustainability; Sustainable prosperity; dept.egm

Aphasia, alexia, and agraphia - Purdy, Mary H. (Encyclopedia of Mental Health, Third Edition: Volume 1-3, 2023)
Aphasia is a language disorder that occurs as a result of brain damage. It affects auditory comprehension, verbal expression, reading, and writing due to the disruption of specific language components such as phonology, semantics, and/or syntax. A hallmark characteristic of aphasia is anomia, or impaired word retrieval. This may occur in the context of fluent speech (normal rate, rhythm and prosody) or nonfluent speech (hesitant and agrammatic verbal output). Other characteristics of aphasia vary depending on the specific location and extent of brain damage. Alexia and agraphia are acquired impairments in reading and writing, respectively. These deficits may occur in isolation but more commonly co-occur with aphasia. Assessment and treatment of aphasia, alexia, and agraphia focuses on identifying and restoring impaired function as well as determining the impact of the impairment of quality of life and developing compensatory strategies to manage persisting deficits. This article describes the symptoms associated with aphasia, alexia, and agraphia, the subtypes and neurological correlates of each impairment, the general trajectory of recovery, and assessment and treatment approaches. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Acquired language disorders; Agraphia; Alexia; Aphasia; Communication disorder; Dysgraphia; Dyslexia; Dysphasia; dept.cmd

Modeling predictors of medication waste reduction intention in Algeria: extending the theory of planned behavior - Mouloudj, Kamel; Njoku, Anuli; Asanza, Dachel Martínez; Bouarar, Ahmed Chemseddine; Evans, Marian A.; Mouloudj, Smail; Bouarar, Achouak (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023)
COVID-19 caused an increase in the demand for medications, which led to an increase in pharmaceutical waste and there is no doubt that this contributes to environmental pollution. Hence, it became necessary to search for how to protect and improve the environment by encouraging the behavior of medication waste reduction. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the factors affecting intentions to reduce medication waste. Considering this, we develop an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework by incorporating the constructs of moral obligation, environmental awareness, and medication waste risk perception. Using the convenience sampling method and based on a self-administered questionnaire, a total of 225 usable responses were collected in five Algerian cities. The results showed that positive attitudes (β = 0.316, p < 0.001), moral obligation (β = 0.291, p < 0.001), environmental awareness (β = 0.227, p < 0.001), perceived behavior control (PBC) (β = 0.151, p = 0.001), greater perceived risks (β = 0.127, p < 0.001), and subjective norm (β = 0.096, p < 0.05) significantly and positively influence the medication waste minimization intention. Furthermore, our analyses revealed that the extended TPB model explained 73.40% of the intention variance. In conclusion, we have explored the intentions, and there may be a gap between intent and actual behavior. Therefore, we recommend future studies to examine the factors affecting the actual behavior of medication waste reduction and to investigate environmental ethics and religious commitment as predictors of waste reduction intentions.
Keywords: Africa; dept.pch; environmental health; environmental pollution; medication ecotoxicity; medication waste; moral obligation; peer-reviewed; perceived risk; pharmaceutical waste; theory of planned behavior; unused medications

The Cassock Does Not a Monk Make. Or Does It? Fake and Real Monks from the Orthodox East in the Russian Empire (19th — Early 20th Сentury) - Chrissidis, Nikolaos (Istoriya, 2023)
Monastic tonsure of citizens of the Russian Empire abroad became a particularly complex issue during the latter half of the nineteenth century, when Mt. Athos became a favorite destination of those interested in assuming the monastic habit outside the empire. The Russian authorities sought to control and regulate such tonsures by establishing procedures for checking their validity, and by ruling out automatic recognition of them in the empire. Individuals who were tonsured as monks abroad manipulated or tried to manipulate such regulations in order to facilitate travel back and forth from the Russian Empire for their own purposes. The result was that the real and apparent ambiguities that such rules allowed for were exploited by both state authorities and by real or fake monks themselves. The essay seeks to offer some perspectives on this phenomenon by focusing on four cases preserved in archival records. © 2023 Ltd "Integration: Education and Science". All rights reserved.
Keywords: Mount Athos; St. Panteleimon Monastery; dept.his; fake monks; monasticism; peer-reviewed; tonsures abroad

Extending Student (R)esponse to (E)ngagement in a Bilingual Classroom: An Analysis of Identity-Infused Classroom Discourse - Ferraro, Marisa (Empowering Students Through Multilingual and Content Discourse, 2023)
The growing diversity of students in schools has raised important questions regarding how students learning English and discipline-content simultaneously succeed academically. This challenge has been exacerbated by disparities in resources among multilingual communities throughout the COVID-19 pande...
Keywords: dept.cur

Influence of performance feedback and academic performance on parent–family involvement and parent satisfaction in US schools - Venugopal Prabhakar, G.; Swapna Bhargavi, G.; Ramesh Reddy, P.; Shehab, M. (Journal of Community Psychology, 2023)
Parental and family involvement in schools has been a concern for educators and administrators. The authors set out to assess the path directions and significance of the interrelationships between Performance Feedback (PF), Academic Performance (AP) on Parent–Family Involvement (PFI), and Parent Satisfaction (PS) in schools. This study utilizes data from the PFI in Education Survey 2019 under the National Household Education Surveys program done by the US Department of Education. The sample for this research is 954 parents. Structural equation modeling was employed using AMOS. Results establish the three research propositions: influence of PFI on PS with the mediation of AP and PF, influence of AP on PS is moderated by PF, influence of AP on PFI is moderated by PF. The findings are important for school administrators and all stakeholders for ensuring greater PFI, improved PF and AP of students, and higher PS. This study is unique in assessing the interactional effects of the variables considered. The study also establishes mediating and moderating influences and offers new insights in understanding the influences on PFI and PS and some bidirectional effects. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Keywords: academic performance; dept.bus; parent satisfaction; parent–family involvement; peer-reviewed; performance feedback

Preface - Jain, F.; Broadbridge, C.; Gherasimova, M.; Tang, H. (Nanostructures For Electronics, Photonics, Biosensors, And Emerging Systems Applications, 2022)
Keywords: dept.phy

Acculturation Processes of International Labour in Switzerland in the Hospitality Organisations - Ermolaeva, P.; Sisson, A.D. (African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2023)
The following research examines the acculturation processes of migrants, working in Switzerland, particularly in the hospitality industry. Due to rapid globalisation and lack of investigation on worker’s adaptation, there remains a gap in the research based on the employees’ cultural clash occurrence. The study explores potential tools which might simplify cultural adaptation and provide a better understanding of international communication for any future employees coming to live and work in Switzerland. Semi-structured interviews with participants from different nationalities were conducted to identify the importance of effective acculturation, the adaptation issues, and the influence of those on work and life in Switzerland. The results demonstrate that the most efficient way to acculturate in Switzerland is integration to the culture and traditions of the country and its history through understanding their values, norms, practices. Moreover, Switzerland was viewed as a very conservative and strict country where one must work hard to be accepted. Those participants who tried to separate, assimilate, or marginalise tend to experience tougher acculturation. Language, namely Swiss German or German, was highlighted as the most essential to learn or to be provided by the workplace. Lastly, current research identified a link between successful acculturation with job opportunities and development. Since salaries and job opportunities are not the same for the foreign workers in comparison to Swiss employees on the same position there might be a potential recommendation for improvement. Little to no link has been found between acculturation and psychological well-being, financial status, and health conditions. © 2023 AJHTL /Author(s)
Keywords: Hofstede’s framework; acculturation; adaptation; dept.rec; international labour; migrant workers; peer-reviewed; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

SoccerNet: A Gated Recurrent Unit-based model to predict soccer match winners - AlMulla, Jassim; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Al-Absi, Hamada R. H.; Alam, Tanvir (PLOS ONE, 2023)
Winning football matches is the major goal of all football clubs in the world. Football being the most popular game in the world, many studies have been conducted to analyze and predict match winners based on players’ physical and technical performance. In this study, we analyzed the matches from the professional football league of Qatar Stars League (QSL) covering the matches held in the last ten seasons. We incorporated the highest number of professional matches from the last ten seasons covering from 2011 up to 2022 and proposed SoccerNet, a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)-based deep learning-based model to predict match winners with over 80% accuracy. We considered match- and player-related information captured by STATS platform in a time slot of 15 minutes. Then we analyzed players’ performance at different positions on the field at different stages of the match. Our results indicated that in QSL, the defenders’ role in matches is more dominant than midfielders and forwarders. Moreover, our analysis suggests that the last 15–30 minutes of match segments of the matches from QSL have a more significant impact on the match result than other match segments. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed model is the first DL-based model in predicting match winners from any professional football leagues in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. We believe the results will support the coaching staff and team management for QSL in designing game strategies and improve the overall quality of performance of the players.
Keywords: Decision tree learning; Forecasting; Machine learning; Machine learning algorithms; Neural networks; Neurons; Qatar; Sports; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Erratum to: Evidence of mass ordering of charm and bottom quark energy loss in Au+Au collisions at RHIC - STAR Collaboration (The European Physical Journal C, 2023)
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Event-Related Potentials in Assessing Visual Speech Cues in the Broader Autism Phenotype: Evidence from a Phonemic Restoration Paradigm - Harwood, Vanessa; Baron, Alisa; Kleinman, Daniel; Campanelli, Luca; Irwin, Julia; Landi, Nicole (Brain Sciences, 2023)
Audiovisual speech perception includes the simultaneous processing of auditory and visual speech. Deficits in audiovisual speech perception are reported in autistic individuals; however, less is known regarding audiovisual speech perception within the broader autism phenotype (BAP), which includes individuals with elevated, yet subclinical, levels of autistic traits. We investigate the neural indices of audiovisual speech perception in adults exhibiting a range of autism-like traits using event-related potentials (ERPs) in a phonemic restoration paradigm. In this paradigm, we consider conditions where speech articulators (mouth and jaw) are present (AV condition) and obscured by a pixelated mask (PX condition). These two face conditions were included in both passive (simply viewing a speaking face) and active (participants were required to press a button for a specific consonant–vowel stimulus) experiments. The results revealed an N100 ERP component which was present for all listening contexts and conditions; however, it was attenuated in the active AV condition where participants were able to view the speaker’s face, including the mouth and jaw. The P300 ERP component was present within the active experiment only, and significantly greater within the AV condition compared to the PX condition. This suggests increased neural effort for detecting deviant stimuli when visible articulation was present and visual influence on perception. Finally, the P300 response was negatively correlated with autism-like traits, suggesting that higher autistic traits were associated with generally smaller P300 responses in the active AV and PX conditions. The conclusions support the finding that atypical audiovisual processing may be characteristic of the BAP in adults.
Keywords: audiovisual; dept.psy; event-related potentials; peer-reviewed; phonemic restoration; speech perception

Utilization of instrumentation in swallowing assessment of surgical patients during COVID-19 - Warner, Heather; Coutinho, Jennifer M.; Young, Nwanmegha (Life, 2023)
The aim of this study is to describe a measured return to instrumental dysphagia assessments for our vulnerable surgical patient population, such that best practice patterns could be resumed and our staff kept safe from transmission of COVID-19. A retrospective medical record review provided data on clinical practice patterns of swallowing assessment in an at-risk surgical patient population. Outcomes of this study support protocols that allow clinicians to safely resume the use of instrumental assessment and return to best practice in dysphagia assessment for our surgical patient population.
Keywords: COVID-19; Fiberoptic Endoscopic evaluation of swallowing; deglutition; dept.cmd; dysphagia; peer-reviewed; surgical; swallowing assessment

Genetic Algorithm Based Service Broker Policy to find Optimal Datacenters in Cloud Services - Chowdhury, S.; Katangur, A.; Sheta, A.; Psayadala, N.R.; Liu, S. (2023 8th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics, ICCCBDA 2023, 2023)
In modern-day computing, cloud services are widely used in every aspect of life. So, user satisfaction depends on the effectiveness and efficiency of cloud services. Service broker policy of the cloud maintains the effectiveness and efficiency of cloud services. Service broker policy provides the rules and norms based on which a data center is selected for a userbase request. This paper proposes a genetic algorithm-based service broker policy that provides the optimal sequence of data centers for different userbases based on their requirements. This research aims to find an optimal data center for userbases that can achieve user satisfaction by minimizing the cloud service's response time and data processing time. We have experimented with our proposed genetic algorithm-based service broker policy in the CloudAnalyst platform based on different real-world scenarios. Simulation results indicate that our proposed genetic algorithm outperforms existing traditional algorithms. © 2023 IEEE.
Keywords: cloud computing; dept.csc; genetic algorithm; service broker policy

Autonomic modulation, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and fatigue in young men after COVID-19 - Latchman, Peter L; Yang, Qin; Morgenthaler, Diane; Kong, Lingsong; Sebagisha, J.; Melendez, Luke; Green, Cheryl A.; Bernard, Stanley; Mugno, Raymond; De Meersman, Ronald (Physiological research, 2023)
Impaired autonomic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) have been reported during and after COVID-19. Both impairments are associated with negative cardiovascular outcomes. If these impairments were to exist undetected in young men after COVID-19, they could lead to negative cardiovascular outcomes. Fatigue is associated with autonomic dysfunction during and after COVID-19. It is unclear if fatigue can be used as an indicator of impaired autonomic modulation and BRS after COVID-19. This study aims to compare parasympathetic modulation, sympathetic modulation, and BRS between young men who had COVID-19 versus controls and to determine if fatigue is associated with impaired autonomic modulation and BRS. Parasympathetic modulation as the high-frequency power of R-R intervals (lnHFR-R), sympathetic modulation as the low-frequency power of systolic blood pressure variability (LFSBP), and BRS as the -index were measured by power spectral density analysis. These variables were compared between 20 young men who had COVID-19 and 24 controls. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests indicated no significant difference between the COVID-19 and the control group in: lnHFR-R, P=0.20; LFSBP, P=0.11, and -index, P=0.20. Fatigue was not associated with impaired autonomic modulation or BRS. There is no difference in autonomic modulations or BRS between young men who had COVID-19 compared to controls. Fatigue did not seem to be associated with impaired autonomic modulation or impaired BRS in young men after COVID-19. Findings suggest that young men might not be at increased cardiovascular risk from COVID-19-related dysautonomia and impaired BRS.
Keywords: Autonomic Nervous System; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; COVID-19; Cardiovascular System; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; dept.hms; dept.mat; dept.nur; dept.pch; dept.ss; peer-reviewed

Shifting Sustainable Lifestyle Practices and Behaviour During Times of Pandemic Disruptive Change: Implications for on-Going Socio-Technical Transitions - Axon, Stephen; Lent, Talia; Njoku, Anuli (Energy Research & Social Science, 2023)
COVID-19 has extensively reshaped lifestyle practices, supply chain dynamics, and climate mitigation efforts. The resulting crises from the pandemic in relation to local and community sustainability practices have not yet been investigated in depth. There is a need to explore the individual characteristics and responses from rapid transitions of lifestyles at various scales. Analysing how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped and altered sustainable living practices, and the motivations supporting them, has yet to be determined but is crucial to gain further insight to improve management responses to large-scale disruptive change. Presenting empirical findings from semi-structured interviews in New Haven County, Connecticut, this study elucidates the ways in which the lifestyles have been altered and how they responded while specifically highlighting the consequences for behavioural routines and sustainable lifestyle practices. As a result of lockdowns and pandemic mitigation responses, individual sustainability engagement fluctuated with participants shifting dietary, mobility, and energy and food consumption patterns. Specifically, participants emphasised substantial decrease in daily travel during initial phases of the pandemic alongside increased online shopping and energy use at home. Though changes to consumption practices were replaced former habits with unsustainable ones, individuals also noted how they co-opted the pandemic over time to pursue sustainable actions at home. As a macro-level ‘window of opportunity’ and disruptive change, this study illustrates how sustainable lifestyle practices were reshaped; some by choice, some by force, and some reflecting a forced choice. These findings have clear implications for the stability of maintaining sustainable practices influenced by landscape-level shocks.
Keywords: Behaviour change; COVID-19; Energy use; Food consumption; Social practices; Transport; dept.egm; dept.pch; peer-reviewed

Electron-density-based analysis and electron density functional theory (DFT) methods - Wang, Emily Z.; Wang, Yi-Gui (Chemical Reactivity: Volume 1: Theories and Principles, 2023)
The HF method uses single determinant to solve Schrödinger equation and obtain molecular orbitals. A variety of post-HF methods such as MP2 and CCSD are needed to treat molecular systems in ground states accurately, while the CIS and EOM-CCSD methods are developed to study excited states. All these methods can write out wavefunction files in single determinant so that the unique electron density distributions of the system at all these calculation levels are available. The quantum theory of atoms in a molecule (QT-AIM) performs density topological analyses and rigorously obtain properties such as net atomic charges and delocalization and localization indices for ground states at HF/CIS and post-HF levels and for excited states at CIS, EOM-CCSD levels. The density functional theory (DFT) develops a larger number of functionals to account for the electron–electron correlation via exchange-correlation potentials, and TD-DFT methods study properties of electronically excited states. The DFT and TD-DFT methods rely on electron density to solve Schrödinger equations and write out final wavefunctions in single determinant format. Therefore, density-based analyses can be also done for a variety of DFT and TD-DFT methods. Along with molecular orbitals, density-based analyses are applied to explain ambident reactivity, to identify bonding characteristics in organic transition metal compounds, and to evaluate the performance of current DFT and TD-DFT methods. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Ambident reactivity; Atom and molecule hardness; Conceptual DFT; Delocalization index; Dispersion energy; Electron affinity; Hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle; Ionization potential; Localization index; Marcus theory; Maximum hardness principle (MHP); dept.che

“Enquiring Minds Want to Know”: President Bill Clinton and the Blurring of News and Gossip - Hopper, Jennifer (A Gossip Politic: Rhetoric, Politics and Society, 2023)
This chapter explores the case of President Bill Clinton and the Lewinsky scandal as a pivotal moment in the convergence of political, technological, and cultural changes that elevated the presence of gossip and rumor in mainstream news sources, with major, lasting consequences. Throughout the unfolding of the scandal, unconfirmed and often salacious information about what had happened was transmitted among individuals and amplified through the media. The chapter takes a close look at some key elements contributing to such trends, including use of anonymous sourcing, heightened competition between media outlets, and the emergence of new media actors covering American politics and the presidency. An analysis of two specific incidents, involving coverage of allegations there were eyewitnesses to the president’s affair with Monica Lewinsky and that Lewinsky had a dress stained with the president’s DNA in her possession, demonstrates how prominent national news outlets publicized information reflecting weaker reporting standards and conveyed unsubstantiated rumors as news. As the news media devalued itself in cases such as this one, abandoning professional conventions and prioritizing sensational, entertaining content, the public began to no longer trust or rely on such sources to help it interpret events. We continue to see the ramifications of those developments in the present, with widespread belief in fake news, little consensus on what constitute facts or reality, and stark partisan divides about who can be relied upon to transmit the truth of political events. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Keywords: New media; President Bill Clinton; Scandal politics; The Lewinsky Scandal; dept.psc

The Khārijites in Early Islamic Historical Tradition: Heroes and Villains. By HANNAH-LENA HAGEMANN. Edinburgh: EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2021. Pp. xii + 316. $110, £85 - Judd, Steven C. (Journal of the American Oriental Society, 2023)
Keywords: book.review; dept.his

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Chronic Stress among Male Caregivers - Unson, Christine; Njoku, Anuli; Bernard, Stanley; Agbalenyo, Martin (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023)
Whereas research on caregiving is well documented, less is known about gender inequalities in caregiver stress, coping mechanisms, and health outcomes, all of which may vary by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This scoping review investigated racial and ethnic disparities using the Stress Process Model among male caregivers. Several databases were searched including Academic Search Premier, Medline Complete, APA PsycInfo, CINHAL, Google, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Included were peer-reviewed articles in English, published from 1990 to 2022. A total of nine articles fulfilled inclusion criteria. Most of the articles indicated that compared to White male caregivers, African American male caregivers provided more hours of care, assisted with more activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and experienced more financial stress. In terms of coping style, one study found African American male caregivers, compared to White male caregivers, held negative religious beliefs. Another study showed that they were at a higher risk for stroke than their White counterparts. The search revealed a dearth of studies on racial disparities in stress, coping, and health outcomes among male caregivers. Further research is needed on the experiences and perspectives of male minority caregivers. © 2023 by the authors.
Keywords: African American males; aging; caregiver burden; caregiving; coping; dept.pch; health and aging; health disparities; intersectionality; male caregiver; masculinity; older adults; peer-reviewed

Interactions between two adjacent convection rolls in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection - Brown, Eric; Ji, Dandan (Physical Review Fluids, 2023)
We seek to develop a low-dimensional model for the interactions between horizontally adjacent turbulent convection rolls. This was tested in Rayleigh-Bénard convection experiments with two adjacent cubic cells with a partial wall in between. Observed stable states include both counterrotating and corotating states for Rayleigh number 7.6×107< Ra <3.5×109 and Prandtl number 6.41. The stability of each of these states and their dynamics can be modeled low-dimensionally by stochastic ordinary differential equations of motion in terms of the orientation, amplitude, and mean temperature of each convection roll. The form of the interaction terms is predicted based on an effective turbulent diffusion of temperature between the adjacent rolls, which is projected onto the neighboring rolls with sinusoidal temperature profiles. With measurements of a constant coefficient for effective thermal turbulent diffusion, quantitative predictions are made for the nine forcing terms which affect stable fixed points of the corotating and counterrotating states for 5.5×108< Ra <3.5×109. Predictions are found to be accurate within a factor of 3 of experiments. This suggests that the same turbulent thermal diffusivity that describes macroscopically averaged heat transport also controls the interactions between neighboring convection rolls. The surprising stability of corotating states is due to the temperature difference between the neighboring rolls becoming large enough that the heat flux between the rolls stabilizes the temperature profile of aligned corotating states. This temperature difference can be driven with an asymmetry, for example, by heating the plates of the two cells to different mean temperatures. When such an asymmetry is introduced, it also shifts the orientations of the rolls of counterrotating states in opposite directions away from their preferred orientation, which is otherwise due to the geometry of the cell. As the temperature difference between the plates of the different cells is increased, the shift in orientation increases until the counterrotating states become unstable and only corotating states are stable. At very large temperature differences between cells, both the counterrotating and predicted corotating states become unstable; instead we observe a corotating state with much larger temperature difference between the rolls that cannot be explained by turbulent thermal diffusion. Spontaneous switching between corotating and counterrotating states is also observed, including in nominally symmetric systems. Switching to counterrotating states occurs mainly due to cessation (a significant weakening of a convection roll), which reduces damping on changes in orientation, allowing the orientation to change rapidly due to diffusive fluctuations. Switching to corotating states is mainly driven by smaller diffusive fluctuations in the orientation, amplitude, and mean temperature of rolls, which have a positive feedback that destabilizes the counterrotating state. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central He 3 +Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sNN =200 GeV - STAR Collaboration (Physical Review Letters, 2023)
The elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central He3+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (pT) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v2(pT) values depend on the colliding systems, the v3(pT) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Assessing the impact of measurement artifacts on energy loss calculation in electrical distribution grids - Antonios, Imad; Schwefel, Hans-Peter (e-Energy 2023 - Proceedings of the 2023 14th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems, 2023)
Monitoring of electrical distribution grids requires the joint processing of electrical measurements from different grid locations. Such type of processing is influenced by inaccuracies in measurement data originating from measurement errors, non-ideal clocks in measurement devices, and from time averaging of measurands as part of the data collection process. This paper introduces an approach to assess the impact of these three different measurement artifacts in realistic measurement scenarios of electrical distribution grids. A case study of power loss calculation in a real-life medium-voltage grid is presented, covering both technical loss obtained from current measurement and total loss obtained from power measurements. The results show that total loss in general is more robust to aggregation of power measurements over longer measurement intervals, while it is more sensitive to measurement errors and clock offsets. The results of the study are important for quantifying the trustworthiness of the obtained loss values and for the future enhancement of the measurement data collection process. © 2023 ACM.
Keywords: Energy loss; aggregation errors; dept.csc; electricity distribution grids; measurement errors; time alignment errors

Optical Disc Segmentation from Retinal Fundus Images Using Deep Learning - Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Ahmed, Ferdaus; Househ, Mowafa; Alam, Tanvir (Studies in health technology and informatics, 2023)
The optical disc in the human retina can reveal important information about a person's health and well-being. We propose a deep learning-based approach to automatically identify the region in human retinal images that corresponds to the optical disc. We formulated the task as an image segmentation problem that leverages multiple public-domain datasets of human retinal fundus images. Using an attention-based residual U-Net, we showed that the optical disc in a human retina image can be detected with more than 99% pixel-level accuracy and around 95% in Matthew's Correlation Coefficient. A comparison with variants of UNet with different encoder CNN architectures ascertains the superiority of the proposed approach across multiple metrics.
Keywords: CNN; Qatar Biobank; Retina; Segmentation; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

A Deep Learning-Based Approach Towards Simultaneous Localization of Optic Disc and Fovea from Retinal Fundus Images - Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Ahmed, Ferdaus; Househ, Mowafa; Alam, Tanvir (Studies in health technology and informatics, 2023)
In this work, we propose a multi-task learning-based approach towards the localization of optic disc and fovea from human retinal fundus images using a deep learning-based approach. Formulating the task as an image-based regression problem, we propose a Densenet121-based architecture through an extensive set of experiments with a variety of CNN architectures. Our proposed approach achieved an average mean absolute error of only 13pixels (0.04%), mean squared error of 11 pixels (0.005%), and a root mean square error of only 0.02 (13%) on the IDRiD dataset.
Keywords: Fovea; Optic Disc; Qatar Biobank; Retina; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Measurement of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV with the STAR detector - STAR Collaboration (Journal of High Energy Physics, 2023)
We report a new measurement of the production of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays (HFEs) at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.7) in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV. Invariant yields of HFEs are measured for the transverse momentum range of 3.5 < p T < 9 GeV/c in various configurations of the collision geometry. The HFE yields in head-on Au+Au collisions are suppressed by approximately a factor of 2 compared to that in p + p collisions scaled by the average number of binary collisions, indicating strong interactions between heavy quarks and the hot and dense medium created in heavy-ion collisions. Comparison of these results with models provides additional tests of theoretical calculations of heavy quark energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s).
Keywords: Heavy Ion Experiments; Heavy Quark Production; Heavy-Ion Collision; dept.phy; peer-reviewed

"Go with the flow": a qualitative description of infant feeding experiences among women with hiv in the united states - Pagano-Therrien, J.; Griswold, M.K.; Amoah, R.K. (The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC, 2023)
ABSTRACT: Breastfeeding affords numerous health benefits to mothers and children, but for women with HIV in the United States, avoidance of breastfeeding is recommended. Evidence from low-income countries demonstrates low risk of HIV transmission during breastfeeding with antiretroviral therapy, and the World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding and shared decision making about infant feeding options in low-income and middle-income countries. In the United States, gaps in knowledge exist surrounding the experiences, beliefs, and feelings of women with HIV surrounding infant feeding decisions. Undergirded by a framework of person-centered care, this study describes the experiences, beliefs, and feelings of women with HIV in the United States surrounding recommendations for breastfeeding avoidance. Although no participants reported consideration of breastfeeding, multiple gaps were identified with implications for the clinical care and counseling of the mother-infant dyad. Copyright © 2023 Association of Nurses in AIDS Care.
Keywords: dept.pch; peer-reviewed

Ecocritical Reflections on Fiction Written by Nobel Laureate Mario Vargas Llosa - Flores, W. (Humanidades, 2023)
This article examines anthropocentric and ecocentric tendencies in two major works written by Mario Vargas Llosa, The Storyteller and The Dream of the Celt, to identify the value of those novels in ecocritical terms. I provide this analysis in the context of recent academic dialogue which notes an apparent contradictory relationship between the presentation of abuses of Amazonian people and their environment, and the portrayal of Westernized protagonists as their saviors in fiction written by Vargas Llosa. This essay provides a solution to this paradox and other apparent contradictions in his narratives and posits that even though the anthropocentric literary discourse concerning the environment has declined throughout the latter part of the twentieth century, in part, due to the rise of the environmental movement, this type of discourse has changed in Vargas Llosa’s literature, rejecting early twentieth century misconceptions of the natural world but holding onto technocentric neoliberal beliefs. © 2023, University of Montevideo. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Mario Vargas Llosa; Peruvian literature; The Dream of the Celt; The Storyteller; dept.wll; ecocriticism; environment; peer-reviewed

Race: Readings on Identity, Ideology, and Inequality - Meyerhoffer, Cassi (Cognella anthology series for teaching, 2021)
Keywords: Race awareness; Race relations; United States; Racism; United States; United States; dept.soc; faculty_collection

Nanotechnology for Electronics, Photonics, Biosensors, and Emerging Technologies - Jain, F.; Broadbridge, C. C.; Gherasimova, M.; Tang, H.; Connecticut Microelectronics and Optoelectronics Consortium New Haven, Conn) (Selected topics in electronics and systems, 64, 2021)
Keywords: Congresses; Congresses; Biosensors; Congresses; Nanoelectronics; Congresses; Nanophotonics; Congresses; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; dept.phy; faculty_collection

Computer Systems: Digital Design, Fundamentals of Computer Architecture and Assembly Language - Elahi, Ata (Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2022)
Keywords: Assembly languages (Electronic computers); Computer engineering; Computer architecture; dept.csc; faculty_collection

The Wari Civilization and Their Descendants: Imperial Transformation in Pre-Inca Cuzco - Glowacki, Mary; McEwan, Gordon Francis (Lexington Books, 2021)
"Drawing on research conducted in Cuzco, Peru, The Wari Civilization and Their Descendants: Imperial Transformation in Pre-Inca Cuzco analyzes the political and social transformations that led to the downfall of the Wari civilization in the Andean Middle Horizon period (AD 500-1000) and resulted in the rise of the Inca state."--
Keywords: Antiquities; Antiquities; Excavations (Archaeology); Cusco (Region); Indians of South America; Cusco (Region); Pikillacta Site (Peru); Cusco (Peru : Region); Cuzco; History; Huari pottery; Huari Indians; Peru; Politics and government; Huari Indians; dept.ant; faculty_collection

Contesting the Origins of the First World War: An Historiographical Argument - Paddock, Troy R. E. (Routledge studies in modern history, 2020)
Keywords: Causes; Historiography; Historiography; World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918; dept.his; faculty_collection

The Life and Times of Chinua Achebe - Ogbaa, Kalu (Global Africa, 2022)
"The Life and Times of Chinua Achebe introduces readers to the life, literary works, and times of arguably the most widely-read African novelist of recent times, an icon, both in continental Africa and abroad. The book weaves together the story of Chinua Achebe, a young Igboman whose novel Things Fall Apart opened the eyes of the world to a more realistic image of Africa, a continent warped by generations of European travelers, colonists, and writers. Whilst continuing to write further influential novels and essays, Achebe also taught other African writers to use their skills to help their national leaders to fight for their freedoms in the post-colonial era, as internal warfare compounded the damage caused by European powers during the colonial era. In this book Kalu Ogbaa, an esteemed expert on Achebe and his works, draws on extensive research and personal interviews with the great man and his colleagues and friends, to tell the story of Achebe and his work. This intimate and powerful new biography will be essential reading for students and scholars of Chinua Achebe, and to anyone with an interest in the literature and post-colonial politics of Africa"--
Keywords: 20th century; Achebe, Chinua; Achebe, Chinua; Biography; Political and social views; Authors, Nigerian; dept.eng; faculty_collection

Poisoning the Wells: Antisemitism in Contemporary America - Pessin, Andrew; Blackmer, Corinne E. (ISGAP, 2021)
Keywords: Antisemitism; United States; dept.eng; faculty_collection

Factors influencing the adoption of digital health apps: an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) - Mouloudj, Kamel; Bouarar, Ahmed Chemseddine; Asanza, Dachel Martínez; Saadaoui, Linda; Mouloudj, Smail; Njoku, Anuli U.; Evans, Marian A.; Bouarar, Achouak (Integrating Digital Health Strategies for Effective Administration, 2023)
Mobile health apps have been widely considered in the healthcare sector as innovative channels to reach patients and their families. Accordingly, the aim of the chapter was to investigate factors that influence the customers' adoption of digital health apps in Algeria. The authors adopted an extende...
Keywords: dept.pch

Increasing outcomes: principles of practice to increase writing outcomes for deaf/hard of hearing students with additional disabilities - Weir, Joan; Dostal, Hannah M. (Strategies for Promoting Independence and Literacy for Deaf Learners With Disabilities, 2023)
The ability to write clearly and effectively is an important communication skill that is necessary for school and employment, as it is often the best way to disseminate information and ideas. Both unrecorded sign and speech are ephemeral, but writing allows the author to share an experience or idea...
Keywords: dept.sed

Understanding health behaviors, weight perceptions, and body appreciation of young adult women engaged in the body positivity movement - Rupp, Kristie; McCoy, Stephanie M. (Women's Health Issues, 2023)
Background The body positivity movement on social media is thought to foster body appreciation, but pervasive societal concern persists about the body positivity movement and the body image, health behaviors, and “normalization of obesity” of young adult women. Purpose This study explored the relationship between engagement in the body positivity movement on social media and weight status, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and the health behaviors of intuitive eating and physical activity in young adult women (18–35 years). Methods Participants (N = 521; ∼64% engaged in body positivity content on social media) were recruited using Qualtrics online panels for this cross-sectional survey during February 2021. Outcomes included weight status, weight consideration, weight perception, body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, physical activity, and intuitive eating. Logistic and linear regression models adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education level, and household income were used to assess the association between engagement in the body positivity movement and specified outcomes. Results Engagement in body positivity content was associated with greater body dissatisfaction (β = 2.33, t(519) = 2.90 p = .017), body appreciation (β = 0.26, t(519) = 2.90 p = .004), and greater likelihood of reporting high amounts of physical activity (odds ratio = 2.28; p < .05) relative to nonengaged peers; these associations remained significant after further adjustment for weight status. Body positivity was not associated with weight status, weight perception, or intuitive eating. Conclusions Engagement in the body positivity movement is associated with higher body dissatisfaction and body appreciation in young adult women, which suggests they may be drawn to and engage in the body positivity movement as a protective or coping mechanism for body dissatisfaction.
Keywords: dept.hms; peer-reviewed

A cross-sectional investigation of disfluencies in typically developing Spanish-English bilingual children - Rojas, Raúl; Irani, Farzan; Gusewski, Svenja; Camacho, Natalia (Journal of Fluency Disorders, 2023)
Purpose This study examined the language skills and the type and frequency of disfluencies in the spoken narrative production of typically developing Spanish-English bilingual children. Method A cross-sectional sample of 106 bilingual children (50 boys; 56 girls) enrolled in kindergarten through Grade 4, produced a total of 212 narrative retell language samples in English and Spanish. A specialized fluency coding system was implemented to index the percentage of total (%TD) and stuttering-like disfluencies (%SLD) in each language. Large-scale reference databases were used to classify children’s dual language proficiency profiles (balanced, English dominant, Spanish dominant) based on language sample analysis measures of morphosyntax and lexical diversity. Results The bilingual Spanish-English children in this study did not demonstrate significant cross-linguistic differences for mean %TD or %SLD. However, the mean %TD and %SLD in both languages exceeded the risk threshold based on monolingual English-speaking norms. English dominant bilingual children demonstrated significantly lower %TD in English than Spanish. Spanish dominant children demonstrated significantly lower %SLD in Spanish than English. Conclusions This study included the largest sample size of bilingual Spanish-English children investigated to date from a fluency perspective. The frequency of disfluencies was found to be variable across participants and change dynamically as a function of grade and dual language proficiency profiles, indicating the need for studies that employ larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs.
Keywords: Bilingual children; Disfluencies; Language sample analysis; Narratives; Stuttering; dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Integration of the Registered Nurse Care Coordinator Role in a Federally Qualified Health Center - Alicea-Planas, Jessica; Burger, Susan (The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 2023)
The purpose of this 1-group, retrospective case study was to analyze the expanded role of registered nurse care coordination (RNCC) on health outcomes in a primary care setting in its real-life context. The convenience sample consisted of 244 adults diagnosed with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension. Secondary data entered into the electronic health record by the health care team during patient visits pre- and post-implementation of the RNCC program were analyzed. Clinical findings suggest that RNCC may provide a valuable service. Additionally, financial analysis demonstrated that the cost of the RNCC position was both self-sustaining and revenue producing.
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed

Star-image Centering with Deep Learning: HST/WFPC2 Images - Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I.; Girard, Terrence M.; Baena-Gallé, Roberto; Martone, Max; Schwendemann, Kate (Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2023)
A deep learning (DL) algorithm is built and tested for its ability to determine centers of star images in HST/WFPC2 exposures, in filters F555W and F814W. These archival observations hold great potential for proper-motion studies, but the undersampling in the camera’s detectors presents challenges for conventional centering algorithms. Two exquisite data sets of over 600 exposures of the cluster NGC 104 in these filters are used as a testbed for training and evaluating the DL code. Results indicate a single-measurement standard error from 8.5 to 11 mpix, depending on the detector and filter. This compares favorably to the ∼20 mpix achieved with the customary “effective point spread function (PSF)” centering procedure for WFPC2 images. Importantly, the pixel-phase error is largely eliminated when using the DL method. The current tests are limited to the central portion of each detector; in future studies, the DL code will be modified to allow for the known variation of the PSF across the detectors.
Keywords: dept.phy

Exploring What Influences Heterosexual College Men and the Practice of Safe Sex: The Power of Stigma and Community - Breny, J.M.; Joseph, M.; Robledo, D.; Rondeau, D.; D’Haity, W.; Mucha, J.; Zapata, P. (Journal of Community Health, 2023)
The college student population is among the highest risk group for contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and HIV. Safe sex practices, which are intended to mitigate risks associated with sexually transmitted infections, are often negated in the population of heterosexual college students. Historically, research on safe sex practices has shown that the burden of behavior change and the focus on educational efforts historically fall onto the female population. There is little published on how safe sex education for males impacts attitudes and behaviors towards safe sex practices. This community-based participatory research (CBPR) project explored heterosexual college male attitudes and behaviors about safe sex responsibilities with the goal of creating effective health promotion messages to increase safer sex. The research team comprised almost entirely of undergraduate male students, which strengthened the design and translation of results to practice. A mixed methods design was employed utilizing both focus groups and surveys as data collection (n=121). Results showed that young men are still prioritizing pregnancy prevention over disease contraction and/or testing, and relying on female partners to initiate safe sex. Implications for health promotion practice efforts on college campuses include: male-led peer education programming and support and messaging around screening and prevention of STIs. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Keywords: CBPR; College health promotion; Condom use; HIV prevention; Peer education programs; STI prevention; dept.pch; peer-reviewed

A cost-effective Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning system for mobile phones - Wandell, R.; Hossain, M.S.; Hussain, I. (Wireless Networks, 2023)
Fingerprinting-based indoor positioning systems require a significant amount of time to set up due to the need for prior, offline signal map creation. We propose a mobile phone-based indoor positioning system that can be set up in a short amount of time in any environment with existing Wi-Fi infrastructure. We introduce interpolation into a fingerprinting-based system to reduce the number of reference points needed, leading to a reduction in signal map creation time. The proposed interpolation method is used in conjunction with a particle filter algorithm to provide an accuracy level comparable to the state-of-the-art. We created signal maps at three separate locations using a 100%, 50%, 20%, and 10% scan coverage in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our interpolation on the localization error on a lower scan percentage. We evaluated our signal maps before and after interpolation using 16 tests which included both motion and stationary tests, as well as tests taken 2 and 3 weeks after the initial data gathering. We show that our interpolation method is able to reduce the effects of a dimensional mismatch between signal map reference point vectors and a test sample vector, as well as reduce the effects of signal map aging. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Keywords: Fingerprinting; Indoor positioning system; Interpolation; Mobile phones; Wi-Fi; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Evolutionary design of a PSO-tuned multigene symbolic regression genetic programming model for river flow forecasting - Sheta, A.; Abdel-Raouf, A.; Fraihat, K.M.; Baareh, A. (International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2023)
The earth’s population is growing at a rapid rate, while the availability of water resources remains limited. Water is required for various purposes, including drinking, agriculture, industry, recreation, and development. Accurate forecasting of river flows can have a significant economic impact, particularly in agricultural water management and planning during water resource scarcity. Developing precise river flow forecasting models can greatly improve the management of water resources in many countries. In this study, we propose a two-phase model for predicting the flow of the Blackwater river located in the South Central United States. In the first phase, we use Multigene Symbolic Regression Genetic Programming (MG-GP) to develop a mathematical model. In the second phase, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to fine-tune the model parameters. Fine-tuning the MG-GP parameters improves the prediction accuracy of the model. The newly fine-tuned model exhibits 96% and 94% accuracy in training and testing cases, respectively © 2023, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications.All Rights Reserved.
Keywords: River flow; dept.csc; evolutionary computation; forecasting; genetic programming; particle swarm optimization; peer-reviewed

Negotiating toilet access: a qualitative exploration of women's incarceration - Smoyer, Amy B.; Schwarz, Paige; Camenga, Deepa; Rickey, Leslie (The Prison Journal, 2023)
Norms and behaviors about toileting in prison can expand understanding of women's lived experience of incarceration. Knowledge about this subject is significant because access to clean, safe toilets is a human rights issue, and toilet habits can impact social, mental, and physical outcomes. Three focus groups were conducted with 15 incarcerated women about their quotidian prison toilet experiences. While the toilet was physically available, institutional regulations, social norms, and women's individual psychologies limited their access and utilization. The ways in which toilet use was negotiated with self, peers, and are described, and the implications of these findings are discussed.
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

TFAW survey II: Six newly validated planets and 13 planet candidates from K2 - Del Ser, D.; Fors, O.; Del Alcázar, M.; Dyachenko, V.; Horch, E.P.; Tokovinin, A.; Ziegler, C.; Van Belle, G.T.; Clark, C.A.; Hartman, Z.D. (Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2023)
Searching for Earth-sized planets in data from Kepler's extended mission (K2) is a niche that still remains to be fully exploited. The TFAW survey is an ongoing project that aims to re-analyse all light curves in K2 C1-C8 and C12-C18 campaigns with a wavelet-based detrending and denoising method, and the period search algorithm TLS to search for new transit candidates not detected in previous works. We have analysed a first subset of 24 candidate planetary systems around relatively faint host stars (10.9 < Kp < 15.4) to allow for follow-up speckle imaging observations. Using vespa and TRICERATOPS, we statistically validate six candidates orbiting four unique host stars by obtaining false-positive probabilities smaller than 1 per cent with both methods. We also present 13 vetted planet candidates that might benefit from other, more precise follow-up observations. All of these planets are sub-Neptune-sized with two validated planets and three candidates with sub-Earth sizes, and have orbital periods between 0.81 and 23.98 d. Some interesting systems include two ultra-short-period planets, three multiplanetary systems, three sub-Neptunes that appear to be within the small planet Radius Gap, and two validated and one candidate sub-Earths (EPIC 210706310.01, K2-411 b, and K2-413 b) orbiting metal-poor stars. © 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; instrumentation: high angular resolution; methods: data analysis; peer-reviewed; planets and satellites: general; planets and satellites: terrestrial planets; techniques: photometric

Teaching tip GetVirtual: A universal service-based learning framework - Toskin, K.; Pisano, M.A.; Corey, T. (Journal of Information Systems Education, 2023)
This paper introduces a universal framework for service-based learning which provides information systems students with opportunities to gain invaluable hands-on experience. More specifically, through this framework, students can develop hard, soft, and interdisciplinary skills in preparation for their first professional careers upon graduation. In addition to introducing the framework, we provide student testimonials and feedback as well as lessons learned from our experience in efforts to prepare and help other schools interested in offering similar growth opportunities to their students to have a smooth and successful implementation. © 2023, Journal of Information Systems Education. All Rights Reserved.
Keywords: Experiential learning & education; Framework; GetVirtual; Service-learning; Teaching tip; dept.bis; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Unlocking Opportunities for Migrant Workers in China: Analyzing the Impact of Health Insurance on Hukou Switching Intentions - Chen, Hong; Yu, Jia; Qin, Mingshuai; Wang, Yangyang; Qin, Lijian (Sustainability, 2023)
The Chinese urban–rural binary health insurance structure has contributed to a significant urban–rural segmentation and regional fragmentation, which will affect labor mobilization and urbanization. The purpose of this research is to study whether and how urban–rural binary health insurance impacts the intentions of migrant workers to switch between rural and urban hukou. Pooled data were drawn from China Migrants Dynamic Survey, collected by the National Health Commission of China. The study applied the instrument variable model due to the existence of the endogeneity; and the IVprobit model to conduct the empirical analysis. Our findings are as follows: (1) the urban–rural binary health insurance affects migrant workers’ intentions to switch to urban hukou significantly. (2) The negative impact of originally rural health insurance on migrant workers’ intention of switching to urban hukou is relatively large for low-education-level migrant workers. (3) Compared with new generation of migrant workers, old migrant workers have higher health insurance dependency levels. Finally, our research suggested several policy implications, such as accelerating the establishment of a unified urban–rural health insurance system, increasing the urban health insurance participation rate of migrant workers in their working cities, and including migrant workers in the scope of equal access to urban public services, etc. All the policy suggestions are essential in order to accelerate the citizenization of migrant workers, improve the quality of urbanization, and promote the construction of a unified national labor market.
Keywords: dept.eco; intention of switching to urban hukou; migrant workers; peer-reviewed; urban–rural binary health insurance

Fluvial response to Quaternary hydroclimate in eastern Africa: Evidence from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia - Stinchcomb, Gary E.; Quade, Jay; Levin, Naomi E.; Iverson, Nels; Dunbar, Nelia; McIntosh, William; Arnold, Lee J.; Demuro, Martina; Duval, Mathieu; Grün, Rainer; Zhao, Jian-xin; White, Marie; et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2023)
The Busidima Formation in the Afar region, Ethiopia, spans the Quaternary and records the cultural evolution of the genus Homo. Yet, the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene fluvial environments in which early humans lived are undersampled in eastern Africa. This paper examines the stratigraphy, geochronology and paleoenvironments of the newly designated Odele Member of the uppermost Busidima Formation (<152 thousand years ago (ka)), which has received little attention despite representing a critical period in the evolution of early Homo sapiens and its migration out of Africa. The Odele Member is 40–50 m thick and is dated using tephrochronology, radiometric, luminescence, and electron spin resonance techniques. The member spans 151 to 7 ka, defined at the base by the widespread Waidedo Vitric Tuff (WAVT, 151 ± 16 ka modeled age and 95.4% credible interval - C.I.). There are two prominent erosional unconformities in the Odele Member, a lower one after the WAVT deposition with a modeled 95.4% C.I. range of 124–97 ka; and an upper one involving widespread alluvial fan incision commencing between 21.7 and 12.9 ka. The uppermost Odele Member also contains black, organic-rich mats, redox features, reed casts, and freshwater gastropods marking wetter conditions during the terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene. A black, fine-grained relict soil coeval with the Halalalee paleosol bounds the top of the Odele Member and has mollic and vertic properties, weathering since ∼12 ka. These incision events and prominent paleosol development near/at the top of the Busidima Formation document Middle to Late Pleistocene Awash River incision to its present-day course. Paleo-rainfall estimates suggest that the Early Holocene-age Halalalee paleosol weathered under a climate with mean annual rainfall 10–15% higher than today. A compilation of radiocarbon ages from aquatic gastropods, carbonized wood and charcoal from the upper Odele Member shows wetter and possibly more vegetated conditions during late marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and the African Humid Period (AHP) that are tightly coupled with precession-driven summer insolation maxima. These key findings suggest that periods of incision, aggregation, and landscape stability in the Odele Member have an orbital precession pacing. The Odele Member revises upward the age of the Busidima Formation to 7 ka, showing that it spans into the Holocene and now includes Middle and Later Stone Age archaeological traditions.
Keywords: Electron spin resonance; Ethiopian rift; Fluvial aggradation; Fluvial incision; Paleosol; Radiocarbon; Tephrochronology; U-series; dept.ant; pIR-IRSL; peer-reviewed

GeNeo: A Bioinformatics Toolbox for Genomics-Guided Neoepitope Prediction - Al Seesi, S.; Al-Okaily, A.; Shcheglova, T.V.; Sherafat, E.; Alqahtani, F.H.; Hagymasi, A.T.; Kaur, A.; Srivastava, P.K.; Mǎndoiu, I.I. (Journal of Computational Biology, 2023)
High-Throughput DNA and RNA sequencing are revolutionizing precision oncology, enabling personalized therapies such as cancer vaccines designed to target tumor-specific neoepitopes generated by somatic mutations expressed in cancer cells. Identification of these neoepitopes from next-generation sequencing data of clinical samples remains challenging and requires the use of complex bioinformatics pipelines. In this paper, we present GeNeo, a bioinformatics toolbox for genomics-guided neoepitope prediction. GeNeo includes a comprehensive set of tools for somatic variant calling and filtering, variant validation, and neoepitope prediction and filtering. For ease of use, GeNeo tools can be accessed via web-based interfaces deployed on a Galaxy portal publicly accessible at https://neo.engr.uconn.edu/. A virtual machine image for running GeNeo locally is also available to academic users upon request. © Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2023.
Keywords: bioinformatics tools; cancer immunotherapy; dept.csc; neoepitope prediction; peer-reviewed; somatic variant calling

Reassessing a glacial landscape developed during terminal glaciation of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age in Uruguay - Isbell, John L.; Fedorchuk, Nicholas D.; Rosa, Eduardo L. M.; Goso, César; Alonso-Muruaga, Pablo J. (Sedimentary Geology, 2023)
Whalebacks, roche moutonnées, and S-forms carved on Ediacaran granitoids near Cerro de las Cuentas, Uruguay, along with overlying diamictites, siltstones, and sandstones displaying soft-sediment grooved and striated surfaces in the Pennsylvanian San Gregorio Formation, record the glacial to post-glacial transition in the linked Norte, southern Paraná and Chaco-Paraná basins of Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina respectively. Early authors reported these features resulted from subglacial abrasion and deposition as lodgement tills and glaciotectonites. Our re-examination reveals a nuanced setting with changing ice thicknesses, subglacial kinematics, and ice proximal glaciomarine dynamics associated with advance and retreat of an ice stream, or multiple advances of the Uruguayan Ice lobe, during glaciation of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) in these basins. The preserved landforms indicate temperate glacial conditions. Whalebacks formed under 1.6 to 2.5 km-thick ice and likely formed when the lobe extended across the Uruguayan and Rio Grande do Sul shields into the adjacent Paraná Basin. Previously unidentified m-scale roches moutonnées cut into one whaleback developed under thinner ice where reduced basal pressure allowed for the opening of air and water-filled cavities, thus facilitating quarrying on the lee side of basement bumps. S-forms provide additional evidence for the occurrence of subglacial waters, indicating that the basal ice was at or above its pressure melting point. The lower meter of the overlying strata consists of interstratified trace fossil-bearing, laminated siltstones; thin-bedded diamictites; and current-rippled sandstones. Trace fossils belonging to the Mermia ichnofacies within the basal siltstones, as well as acritarchs in the overlying siltstones, suggest that these sediments were deposited in ice-proximal subaqueous settings with contributions from meltwater discharge. Graded siltstone laminae suggest settling from suspension likely from meltwater plumes, while thin-bedded diamictites were deposited either as debris flows or as two-component sedimentation with fines settling from suspension and coarser particles introduce as iceberg-rafted dropstones. Current-rippled sandstones indicate the occurrence of underflow currents. Soft-sediment troughs, grooves, and striations cutting these sediments display curved and sinuous paths with some features oriented perpendicular, and one oriented opposite to the overall trend. They contain marginal and terminal berms typical of iceberg scour marks suggesting transit across the area by icebergs calving from a tidewater ice front located to the SE.
Keywords: Iceberg keel marks; Late Paleozoic Ice Age; Roche moutonnées; San Gregorio Fm; Uruguayan Ice Lobe; Whalebacks; dept.esc

Ἀντίπατρος ἀδελφιδοῦς: Was Antipatros son of Epigonos of Telmessos the “Nephew” of Antiochos III? - Scolnic, B. (Dialogues d'Histoire Ancienne, 2022)
Keywords: dept.jst; peer-reviewed

A telemedicine standardized patient experience: enhancing the virtual classroom and preparing for alternative modalities of care - Maynard, Kristi; Knickerbocker, Joshua (Nursing Education Perspectives, 2023)
This pilot study explored the use of standardized patients in the virtual classroom in efforts to increase family nurse practitioner preparedness to engage in telemedicine care delivery. Using a mixed-methods approach, we determined this innovation significantly increased students' confidence in their ability to perform a telemedicine visit while also improving their satisfaction with the virtual classroom.
Keywords: Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Personal Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Students; Telemedicine; dept.nur; peer-reviewed

Addressing America's Mental Health Crisis in Public Education - Albee, Laura Jane (Perspectives and Considerations on Navigating the Mental Healthcare System, 2023)
Nearly eight million American youth between the ages of 3 - 17 live with a psychiatric or behavioral health disorder. Many in grades K-12 are being unfavorably impacted in the classroom because of socioeconomic and environmental factors that include poverty, addiction, incarceration, trauma, domesti...
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Trade and the Environment - Buterbaugh, K. (Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict: Volume 1-4, Third Edition, 2022)
This article focuses on the complex interaction between trade and the environment. The first section reviews the debate among scholars on the environmental effects of trade. Next the article examines the role of the World Trade Organization and how its decisions have impacted the environment. This is followed by a discussion of climate change and its connection to trade. Finally, the article examines multilateral efforts to govern trade and control its environmental consequences as well as to encourage sustainable development. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Carbon leakage; Climate change; Comparative advantage; Environmental Kuznets curve; Externality; Free rider problem; Multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs); Nontariff barriers to trade; Pollution haven hypothesis; Prisoner's dilemma; The general agreement on tariffs and trade; World trade organization; dept.psc

Secondary Risk in COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: A Theoretical Contribution to the Protection Motivation Paradigm - Prince, Melvin; Kim, Young (Journal of Applied Social Science, 2023)
This study presents an original model that features the emotion of fear of COVID-19 as a direct effect on vaccination intentions. A central research question addressed in the study is what roles do the emotion of fear of contracting COVID-19 and the threat posed by uptake of the COVID-19 vaccination play in levels of vaccination intention? The study used a structural equation model (SEM) and applied the SmartPLS 3.2.6 data analysis tool for model estimation and multivariate analysis variables. A key finding is that vaccination resistance is strongest when fear of COVID-19 is lower, and vaccination threat higher. Vaccination threat appraisal and vaccination intention were found to have a negative relationship. Response costs at higher levels lessen motivation for COVID-19 vaccination. Research implications include research-based targeting of differing segments by their primary fear, either fear of COVID-19 or of the preventative vaccine.
Keywords: dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Creating a Narrative for Change: Health Promotion Students’ Perspectives on the Power of Photovoice Research - De Leon, Breanna; Mahama, Fatawu; Raymond, Ashley; Palmer, Cheryl A; Breny, Jean M. (Health Promotion Practice, 2023)
The use of Critical Race Theory, Photovoice, and Community-Based Participatory Research has helped uncover the root causes of issues such as systemic racism in the fields of public health and health promotion. Often, we see studies using traditional research methods to investigate potential causal factors of disparities in minoritized communities report only quantitative data. While these data are imperative for understanding the severity of disparities, quantitative-only approaches cannot address nor can they improve the critical root causes of these disparities. As a team of BIPOC graduate students in public health, we conducted a community-based participatory research project using Photovoice methodology to explore inequities in Black and Brown communities exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participatory nature of this research revealed cumulative challenges across the social determinants of health in New Haven and Bridgeport, Connecticut. It allowed us to engage in local-level advocacy to promote health equity as our findings illuminated the need for community-led and community-engaged action. Health and racial inequities cannot be effectively addressed if public health research and programming do not collaborate with the community to build community capacity, empowerment, and trust. We describe our experiences doing community-based participatory research to investigate inequities and provide reflections on their value for public health students. As responses to health inequities and disparities become more politically polarized in the United States, it is critical for public health and health education students to use research methodologies that elevate communities that have been historically marginalized and neglected. Together, we can catalyze equitable change.
Keywords: dept.pch; peer-reviewed

Residual intersections and core of modules - Costantini, Alessandra; Fouli, Louiza; Hong, Jooyoun (Journal of Algebra, 2023)
We introduce the notion of residual intersections of modules and prove their existence. We show that projective dimension one modules have Cohen-Macaulay residual intersections, namely they satisfy the relevant Artin-Nagata property. We then establish a formula for the core of orientable modules satisfying certain homological conditions, extending previous results of Corso, Polini, and Ulrich on the core of projective one modules. Finally, we provide examples of classes of modules that satisfy our assumptions.
Keywords: Core; Reductions; Residual intersections; dept.mat; peer-reviewed

Why Controlling the Historical Narrative Matters: A Jamesian Response - Marsoobian, A.T. (Pragmatism Today, 2022)
An examination of the lessons learned from William James’s oration on the dedication of the Civil War Monument memorialization Colonel Robert Shaw and the Fifty-Fourth Regiment Massachusetts Infantry, an all-Black unit. The role of monuments in making visible the values of a society is explored in the context of promoting a nation’s historical narrative, in particular in their propagation of the South’s Lost Cause narrative. The genocidal violence against Armenians in the Caucasus by the Azerbaijani regime serves as the second illustration of the abuse of historical narratives. © 2022 Central European Pragmatist Forum. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Armenians; Azerbaijan; Civil War monuments; William James; civic courage; dept.phi; genocidal violence; historical narratives; peer-reviewed; the Lost Cause; ⛔ No DOI found

Ethical marketing AI? A structured literature review of the ethical challenges posed by artificial intelligence in the domains of marketing and consumer behavior - Su, Y.; Wang, E.; Berthon, P. (Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2023)
With the increasing use of AI in marketing, ethical repercussions are beginning to emerge. From privacy issues, through discrimination of marginalized groups, to emergent systemic social distortions, AI is changing the marketing ethical landscape. In this paper we conduct a structured literature review of the emerging ethical issues posed by AI in the domains of marketing and consumer behavior. We identify three clusters of ethical issues (algorithm, society and existential) and map these to the marketing domains of systems, brands, and consumers. We conclude that the field of ethical marketing AI is still very much in its infancy, but such is the rate of development ethical marketing AI is likely to become an important field for academics and practitioners alike. © 2023 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.
Keywords: AI; Consumer Behavior; Ethics; Marketing; dept.mkt

The implementation of a nutrition intervention in food pantries: the spirit of SWAP - Morales, Sofia I.; Vicente, Genesis; LaMonaca, Katherine; Rios, Jasmine; Cunningham, Shayna D.; Higginbottom, Jackson; Mathios, Erin; Werlin, Steve; Cramer, James; Santilli, Alycia; O’Connor Duffany, Kathleen (Health Promotion Practice, 2023)
Background. Food insecurity, affecting approximately 10% of the U.S. population, with up to 40% or higher in some communities, is associated with higher rates of chronic conditions and inversely associated with diet quality. Nutrition interventions implemented at food pantries are an effective strategy to increase healthy food choices and improve health outcomes for people experiencing food and nutrition insecurity. Supporting Wellness at Pantries (SWAP), a stoplight nutrition ranking system, can facilitate healthy food procurement and distribution at pantries. Purpose. Guided by the RE-AIM Framework, this study assesses the implementation and outcomes of SWAP as nutritional guidance and institutional policy intervention, to increase procurement and distribution of healthy foods in pantries. Method. Mixed-methods evaluation included observations, process forms, and in-depth interviews. Food inventory assessments were conducted at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Results. Two large pantries in New Haven, Connecticut, collectively reaching more than 12,200 individuals yearly, implemented SWAP in 2019. Implementation was consistent prepandemic at both pantries. Due to COVID-mandated distribution changes, pantries adapted SWAP implementation during the pandemic while still maintaining the ?spirit of SWAP.? One pantry increased the percentage of Green foods offered. Challenges to healthy food distribution are considered. Discussion. This study has implications for policy, systems, and environmental changes. It shows the potential for SWAP adoption at pantries, which can serve as a guide for continued healthy food procurement and advocacy. Maintaining the ?spirit of SWAP? shows promising results for food pantries looking to implement nutrition interventions when standard practice may not be possible.
Keywords: dept.hhs; peer-reviewed

The influence of side-lying position on oropharyngeal swallow function in at-risk infants: an exploratory study - Smith, Julian B.; Kamarunas, Erin; O’Donoghue, Cynthia (Clinical Pediatrics, 2023)
This investigation assessed the effect of side-lying position on infant oropharyngeal swallow physiology. Infant modified barium swallow studies (MBS) recordings were retrospectively examined in matched-pairs comparing at-risk infants swallowing in both an upright/cradled position and a side-lying position. Swallow parameters were measured independently and through a consensus coding approach. Infants fed in side-lying position showed a decrease in airway invasion severity as compared with when those same infants were fed in an upright/cradled position (P = .009). Bolus location at the time of swallow initiation was higher when infants were fed in side-lying position as compared with cradle position (P = .024), representing decreased risk of airway invasion. Infants fed in side-lying position demonstrated fewer swallows per breaths (P = .032). This pilot study validates the need for additional research to further define the mechanisms related to this improvement, and to determine how diagnosis and medical stability moderate these findings.
Keywords: dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Academic pursuits and involvement in decision-making: study on the formation of U.S. university think tanks - Lyu, Qing; Bielefield, Arlene; Liu, Yan Quan (Administrative Sciences, 2023)
This paper analyzes the concept of think tanks and concludes that think tanks have three basic characteristics. Firstly, they are based on academic research, relatively independent operation, and aim to serve scientific decision-making. Taking Ivy League think tanks as an example, this paper provides a preliminary discussion of ways for think tanks to maintain the scientific nature of their research, maintain the independence of their operations, and disseminate research results to enhance their influence. It covers institutional mission, research team construction, institutional governance, fundraising, achievements and activities, and alumni networks. This paper proposes a framework of university think tank generation paths associated with the essential characteristics of think tanks. The paper points out that, as a research consulting organization grown out of universities, university think tanks must maintain the scientific nature and independence of research while providing support and services for decision-making. Only in this way can they truly serve scientific and democratic decision-making, gain the trust of the public and have a real lasting influence.
Keywords: American university affiliated think tank; characteristics of think tank; decision-making; dept.ils; peer-reviewed; the ivy league university; think tank operation mechanism

Ai moral enhancement: upgrading the socio-technical system of moral engagement - Volkman, Richard; Gabriels, Katleen (Science and Engineering Ethics, 2023)
Several proposals for moral enhancement would use AI to augment (auxiliary enhancement) or even supplant (exhaustive enhancement) human moral reasoning or judgment. Exhaustive enhancement proposals conceive AI as some self-contained oracle whose superiority to our own moral abilities is manifest in its ability to reliably deliver the ‘right’ answers to all our moral problems. We think this is a mistaken way to frame the project, as it presumes that we already know many things that we are still in the process of working out, and reflecting on this fact reveals challenges even for auxiliary proposals that eschew the oracular approach. We argue there is nonetheless a substantial role that ‘AI mentors’ could play in our moral education and training. Expanding on the idea of an AI Socratic Interlocutor, we propose a modular system of multiple AI interlocutors with their own distinct points of view reflecting their training in a diversity of concrete wisdom traditions. This approach minimizes any risk of moral disengagement, while the existence of multiple modules from a diversity of traditions ensures pluralism is preserved. We conclude with reflections on how all this relates to the broader notion of moral transcendence implicated in the project of AI moral enhancement, contending it is precisely the whole concrete socio-technical system of moral engagement that we need to model if we are to pursue moral enhancement.
Keywords: AI socratic interlocutor; Artificial intelligence; Artificial moral agent; Moral enhancement; dept.phi; peer-reviewed

A handheld visible resonance raman analyzer used in intraoperative detection of human glioma - Zhang, Liang; Zhou, Yan; Wu, Binlin; Zhang, Shengjia; Zhu, Ke; Liu, Cheng-Hui; Yu, Xinguang; Alfano, Robert R. (Cancers, 2023)
There is still a lack of reliable intraoperative tools for glioma diagnosis and to guide the maximal safe resection of glioma. We report continuing work on the optical biopsy method to detect glioma grades and assess glioma boundaries intraoperatively using the VRR-LRRTM Raman analyzer, which is based on the visible resonance Raman spectroscopy (VRR) technique. A total of 2220 VRR spectra were collected during surgeries from 63 unprocessed fresh glioma tissues using the VRR-LRRTM Raman analyzer. After the VRR spectral analysis, we found differences in the native molecules in the fingerprint region and in the high-wavenumber region, and differences between normal (control) and different grades of glioma tissues. A principal component analysis–support vector machine (PCA-SVM) machine learning method was used to distinguish glioma tissues from normal tissues and different glioma grades. The accuracy in identifying glioma from normal tissue was over 80%, compared with the gold standard of histopathology reports of glioma. The VRR-LRRTM Raman analyzer may be a new label-free, real-time optical molecular pathology tool aiding in the intraoperative detection of glioma and identification of tumor boundaries, thus helping to guide maximal safe glioma removal and adjacent healthy tissue preservation.
Keywords: dept.phy; glioma; human brain; intraoperative; optical biopsy; optical molecular pathology; peer-reviewed; portable optical-fiber-probe Raman analyzer; visible resonance Raman (VRR)

Services to mobile users: the best practice from the top-visited public libraries in the US - Liu, Yan Quan; Lewis, Sarah (Information Technology and Libraries, 2023)
Libraries are adapting to the changing times by providing mobile services. One hundred fifty-one libraries were chosen based on circulation, with at least one library or library system from each state, to explore the diverse services provided to mobile users across the United States. According to the data, mobile apps, mobile reference services, mobile library catalogs, and mobile printing are among public libraries’ most-frequently offered services, as determined by mobile visits, content analysis, and librarian survey responses. Every library examined had at least one mobile website, mobile catalog, mobile app, or webpage adapted for a mobile device. Following the COVID-19 outbreak, services such as mobile renewal, subscriber database access, mobile reservations, and the ability to interact with a librarian were expanded to allow better communication with customers—all from the comfort and safety of their own homes. Libraries are continually looking for innovative methods to assist their mobile customers as the world changes.
Keywords: Mobile Apps; Mobile services; Public Libraries; SCSU-student; Survey study; dept.ils; peer-reviewed

Demanding Sustainability: Pillars to (Re-)Build a Shared Prosperity - Morrissey, John; Heidkamp, C. Patrick (Springer International Publishing, 2022)
Keywords: Climate Crisis; Covid; Covid-19; decarbonized economy; dept.egm; ecological prosperity; global economy; just resilience; resilience; social justice; sustainable governance; sustainable prosperity

Diabetes Distal Peripheral Neuropathy: Subtypes and Diagnostic and Screening Technologies - Newlin Lew, Kelley; Arnold, Tracey; Cantelmo, Catherine; Jacque, Francky; Posada-Quintero, Hugo; Luthra, Pooja; Chon, Ki H. (Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 2022)
Diabetes distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) is the most prevalent form of neuropathy in industrialized countries, substantially increasing risk for morbidity and pre-mature mortality. DSPN may manifest with small-fiber disease, large-fiber disease, or a combination of both. This review summarizes: (1) DSPN subtypes (small- and large-fiber disease) with attention to clinical signs and patient symptoms; and (2) technological diagnosis and screening for large- and small-fiber disease with inclusion of a comprehensive literature review of published studies from 2015-present (N = 66). Review findings, informed by the most up-to-date research, advance critical understanding of DSPN large- and small-fiber screening technologies, including those designed for point-of-care use in primary care and endocrinology practices.
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed

Moral distress in emergency and critical care nurses: A metaethnography - Arnold, Tracey C (Nursing Ethics, 2020)
Background:Moral distress has detrimental effects on nurses which impacts the entire healthcare cycle. Described as a crescendo effect, resolved situations of moral distress leave residue on the nurse with three potential outcomes: moral numbing, conscious objection to the situation, and burnout.Objective:This metaethnography strives to achieve a fuller understanding of moral distress by interpreting the body of qualitative work of moral distress in emergency and critical care nurses.Method:This study used the Noblit and Hare?s approach of interpretative synthesis. Ten studies met the criteria and were used in this synthesis.Ethical considerations:Ethical issues were minimal since no human subjects were involved. Ethical requirements were respected in all study phases.Results:The synthesis of qualitative research on moral distress resulted in one central theme, ?the battle within,? and five subthemes.Conclusions:The unique nature of this nursing specialty resulted in a lasting inner conflict for nurses that is consistent with the previously described crescendo effect. The effects are complex and long lasting and may potentially affect the nurses? future patient care.
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed

An evolutionary concept analysis of secondary traumatic stress in nurses - Arnold, Tracey (Nursing Forum, 2020)
Purpose The purpose of this article is to provide conceptual clarification of secondary traumatic stress (STS) in nurses. Background As an empathetic helping profession, nurses are at increased risk for STS. Interchangeable usage of related terms among multidisciplinary literature has resulted in lack of conceptual clarity resulting in conflation of terms. Conceptual clarity is necessary for a foundation for further research on treatment. Methods Rodgers' evolutionary model of concept analysis. Results Nurses are predisposed to STS due to exposure, empathy, bonding, and personal factors. Essential attributes were found to be posttraumatic stress disorder-like symptoms, biological symptoms, social symptoms, and psychological symptoms. Resultant consequences included an altered worldview, interpersonal difficulties, and decreased occupational commitment. Conclusion This concept analysis, the first focusing on STS, provides conceptual clarity and a concept map of STS within the nursing population.
Keywords: Rodgers' evolutionary model; concept analysis; concept map; dept.nur; peer-reviewed; secondary traumatic stress

Coping with a language loss: A case of linguistic and cultural re-encoding of memories in language attriters - Sorokina, Anastasia (International Journal of Bilingualism, 2023)
Aims and objectives:This study investigates the effects of language loss on bilingual autobiographical memory. More specifically, the study focuses on whether severe language loss would lead to any linguistic changes and/or interfere with how memories are recalled and shared.Methodology:Autobiographical memories were elicited with the help of a cued-recall technique and memory questionnaire from two groups of immigrants?attriters (who experienced significant language loss) and bilinguals (who retained their first language proficiency).Data and analysis:The data set consisted of pre-immigration memories that were originally encoded in the first language, Russian. The frequency of recall (i.e., sharing memories with others as well as reminiscing) and linguistic components (i.e., words) of memories elicited from the attriters and bilinguals were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.Findings and conclusion:Overall, attriters were able to recall memories that were originally encoded in the forgotten language. They also reported reminiscing about their pre-immigration memories and sharing their memories with others. However, attriters revealed that the pre-immigration memories came to them with words in the second language, English, which was not the case with bilinguals. Attriters also reframed memories for several Russian culture-specific items and events. This finding is indicative of memory re-encoding?a phenomenon when memories are updated, stored, and subsequently retrieved with added information. While this finding points to the bilingual mind?s ability to adapt to language loss, it may also suggest linguistic and cultural assimilation under the influence of the new language and culture.Originality:This is the first investigation of autobiographical memory in bilinguals with severe language loss that highlights the malleability and adaptability of the bilingual mind as well as the importance of language maintenance.
Keywords: dept.wll; peer-reviewed

Exertional heat illness: adoption of policies and influencing contextual factors as reported by athletic administrators - Scarneo-Miller, Samantha E.; Adams, William M.; Coleman, Kelly A.; Lopez, Rebecca M. (Sports Health, 2023)
Background:Little is known about the adoption by athletic administrators (AAs) of exertional heat illness (EHI) policies, and the corresponding facilitators and barriers of such policies within high school athletics. This study describes the adoption of comprehensive EHI policies by high school AAs and explores factors influencing EHI policy adoption.Hypothesis:We hypothesized that <50% of AAs would report adoption of an EHI policy, and that the most common facilitator would be access to an athletic trainer (AT), whereas the most common barrier would be financial limitations.Study Design:Cross-sectional.Level of Evidence:Level 4.Methods:A total of 466 AAs (82.4% male; age, 48 ± 9 years) completed a validated online survey to assess EHI prevention and treatment policy adoption (11 components), as well as facilitators and barriers to policy implementation. Access to athletic training services was ascertained by matching the participants? zip codes with the Athletic Training Locations and Services Project. Policy adoption, facilitators, and barriers data are presented as summary statistics (proportions, interquartile range (IQR)). A Welch t test evaluated the association between access to athletic training services and EHI policy adoption.Results:Of the AAs surveyed, 77.9% (n = 363) reported adopting a written EHI policy. The median of EHI policy components adopted was 5 (IQR = 1,7), with only 5.6% (n = 26) of AAs reporting adoption of all policy components. AAs who had access to an AT (P = 0.04) were more likely to adopt a greater number of EHI-related policies, compared with those without access to an AT. An AT employed at the school was the most frequently reported facilitator (36.9%).Conclusion:Most AAs reported having written EHI policy components, and access to an AT resulted in a more comprehensive policy.Clinical Relevance:Employment of an AT within high school athletics may serve as a vital component in facilitating the adoption of comprehensive EHI policies.
Keywords: dept.hms; peer-reviewed

Azimuthal anisotropy measurement of (multi)strange hadrons in Au+Au collisions at sNN =54.4 GeV - STAR Collaboration (Physical Review C, 2023)
Azimuthal anisotropy of produced particles is one of the most important observables used to access the collective properties of the expanding medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this paper, we present second (v2) and third (v3) order azimuthal anisotropies of KS0, φ, Λ, Ξ, and ω at midrapidity (|y|<1) in Au+Au collisions at sNN=54.4 GeV measured by the STAR detector. The v2 and v3 are measured as a function of transverse momentum and centrality. Their energy dependence is also studied. v3 is found to be more sensitive to the change in the center-of-mass energy than v2. Scaling by constituent quark number is found to hold for v2 within 10%. This observation could be evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in 54.4 GeV Au+Au collisions. Differences in v2 and v3 between baryons and antibaryons are presented, and ratios of v3/v23/2 are studied and motivated by hydrodynamical calculations. The ratio of v2 of φ mesons to that of antiprotons [v2(φ)/v2(p¯)] shows centrality dependence at low transverse momentum, presumably resulting from the larger effects from hadronic interactions on antiproton v2. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Pion, kaon, and (anti)proton production in U+U collisions at sNN =193 GeV measured with the STAR detector - STAR Collaboration (Physical Review C, 2023)
We present the first measurements of transverse momentum spectra of π±, K±, p(p¯) at midrapidity (|y|<0.1) in U+U collisions at sNN= 193 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The centrality dependence of particle yields, average transverse momenta, particle ratios and kinetic freeze-out parameters are discussed. The results are compared with the published results from Au+Au collisions at sNN= 200 GeV in STAR. The results are also compared to those from A Multi-Phase Transport (ampt) model. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Beam energy dependence of fifth- and sixth-order net-proton number fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at RHIC - STAR Collaboration (Physical Review Letters, 2023)
We report the beam energy and collision centrality dependence of fifth and sixth order cumulants (C5, C6) and factorial cumulants (κ5, κ6) of net-proton and proton number distributions, from center-of-mass energy (sNN) 3 GeV to 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Cumulant ratios of net-proton (taken as proxy for net-baryon) distributions generally follow the hierarchy expected from QCD thermodynamics, except for the case of collisions at 3 GeV. The measured values of C6/C2 for 0%-40% centrality collisions show progressively negative trend with decreasing energy, while it is positive for the lowest energy studied. These observed negative signs are consistent with QCD calculations (for baryon chemical potential, μB≤110 MeV) which contains the crossover transition range. In addition, for energies above 7.7 GeV, the measured proton κn, within uncertainties, does not support the two-component (Poisson+binomial) shape of proton number distributions that would be expected from a first-order phase transition. Taken in combination, the hyperorder proton number fluctuations suggest that the structure of QCD matter at high baryon density, μB∼750 MeV at sNN=3 GeV is starkly different from those at vanishing μB∼24 MeV at sNN=200 GeV and higher collision energies. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

An 8-week peer health coaching intervention among college students: a pilot randomized study - Yan, Zi; Peacock, Jessica; Cohen, Juliana F. W.; Kurdziel, Laura; Benes, Sarah; Oh, Seungbin; Bowling, April (Nutrients, 2023)
This study explored the effects of an 8-week peer coaching program on physical activity (PA), diet, sleep, social isolation, and mental health among college students in the United States. A total of 52 college students were recruited and randomized to the coaching (n = 28) or the control group (n = 24). The coaching group met with a trained peer health coach once a week for 8 weeks focusing on self-selected wellness domains. Coaching techniques included reflective listening, motivational interviews, and goal setting. The control group received a wellness handbook. PA, self-efficacy for eating healthy foods, quality of sleep, social isolation, positive affect and well-being, anxiety, and cognitive function were measured. No interaction effects between time and group were significant for the overall intervention group (all p > 0.05), while the main effects of group difference on moderate PA and total PA were significant (p < 0.05). Goal-specific analysis showed that, compared to the control group, those who had a PA goal significantly increased vigorous PA Metabolic Equivalent of Task (METs) (p < 0.05). The vigorous METs for the PA goal group increased from 1013.33 (SD = 1055.12) to 1578.67 (SD = 1354.09); the control group decreased from 1012.94 (SD = 1322.943) to 682.11 (SD = 754.89); having a stress goal significantly predicted a higher post-coaching positive affect and well-being, controlling the pre-score and other demographic factors: B = 0.37 and p < 0.05. Peer coaching showed a promising effect on improving PA and positive affect and well-being among college students.
Keywords: dept.hms; diet; mental health; peer-reviewed; physical activity; positive affect; sleep; stress

Humans peeing: Justice-involved women’s access to toilets in public spaces - Smoyer, Amy B.; Pittman, Adam; Borzillo, Peter (PLOS ONE, 2023)
Justice-involved women face myriad challenges as they negotiate the terms of community supervision and manage the long-term implications and stigma of living with a criminal record. Major tasks that women juggle include securing safe, affordable housing, finding and retaining employment, accessing physical and mental health care (including substance use treatment), and handling relationships with family, friends, children, and intimate partners. In addition to these responsibilities, women must meet their basic physiological needs to eat, sleep, and use the toilet. Women’s ability to safely meet their personal care needs may impact their capacity to manage their criminal-legal challenges. This study uses qualitative methods to understand justice-involved women’s lived experiences related to urination. Specifically, the study reports on a thematic analysis of 8 focus groups conducted with justice-involved women (n = 58) and the results of a toilet audit conducted in the downtown areas of the small city in the United States where the focus group participants were living. Findings suggest that women had limited access to restrooms and reported urinating outside. Lack of restroom access impacted their engagement with social services support and employment and their ability to travel through public spaces. Women perceived their public toilet options as unsafe, increasing their sense of vulnerability and reinforcing the idea that they did not have full access to citizenship in the community because of their criminal-legal involvement. The exclusion and denial of women’s humanity that is perpetuated by a lack of public toilet access impacts women’s psychosocial outcomes. City governments, social service agencies, and employers are encouraged to consider how lack of toilet access may impact their public safety and criminal-legal objectives and expand opportunities for people to access safe restroom facilities.
Keywords: Bladder; Employment; Jobs; Mental health and psychiatry; Prisons; Sexual and gender issues; Urban areas; Urination; dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Search for the chiral magnetic effect in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 GeV with the STAR forward event plane detectors - STAR Collaboration (Physics Letters B, 2023)
A decisive experimental test of the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is considered one of the major scientific goals at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) towards understanding the nontrivial topological fluctuations of the Quantum Chromodynamics vacuum. In heavy-ion collisions, the CME is expected to result in a charge separation phenomenon across the reaction plane, whose strength could be strongly energy dependent. The previous CME searches have been focused on top RHIC energy collisions. In this Letter, we present a low energy search for the CME in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 GeV. We measure elliptic flow scaled charge-dependent correlators relative to the event planes that are defined at both mid-rapidity |η|<1.0 and at forward rapidity 2.1<|η|<5.1. We compare the results based on the directed flow plane (Ψ1) at forward rapidity and the elliptic flow plane (Ψ2) at both central and forward rapidity. The CME scenario is expected to result in a larger correlation relative to Ψ1 than to Ψ2, while a flow driven background scenario would lead to a consistent result for both event planes. In 10-50% centrality, results using three different event planes are found to be consistent within experimental uncertainties, suggesting a flow driven background scenario dominating the measurement. We obtain an upper limit on the deviation from a flow driven background scenario at the 95% confidence level. This work opens up a possible road map towards future CME search with the high statistics data from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase-II.
Keywords: Beam energy scan; Chiral magnetic effect; Heavy-ion collisions; dept.phy; peer-reviewed

The endocast from Dana Aoule North (DAN5/P1): A 1.5 million year-old human braincase from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia - Bruner, Emiliano; Holloway, Ralph; Baab, Karen L.; Rogers, Michael J.; Semaw, Sileshi (American Journal of Biological Anthropology, 2023)
The nearly complete cranium DAN5/P1 was found at Gona (Afar, Ethiopia), dated to 1.5–1.6 Ma, and assigned to the species Homo erectus. Its size is, nonetheless, particularly small for the known range of variation of this taxon, and the cranial capacity has been estimated as 598 cc. In this study, we analyzed a reconstruction of its endocranial cast, to investigate its paleoneurological features. The main anatomical traits of the endocast were described, and its morphology was compared with other fossil and modern human samples. The endocast shows most of the traits associated with less encephalized human taxa, like narrow frontal lobes and a simple meningeal vascular network with posterior parietal branches. The parietal region is relatively tall and rounded, although not especially large. Based on our set of measures, the general endocranial proportions are within the range of fossils included in the species Homo habilis or in the genus Australopithecus. Similarities with the genus Homo include a more posterior position of the frontal lobe relative to the cranial bones, and the general endocranial length and width when size is taken into account. This new specimen extends the known brain size variability of Homo ergaster/erectus, while suggesting that differences in gross brain proportions among early human species, or even between early humans and australopiths, were absent or subtle.
Keywords: Homo erectus; Homo ergaster; Lower Pleistocene; brain evolution; dept.ant; human evolution; paleoneurology; peer-reviewed

Humanizing substance abuse: a theory-based educational intervention for undergraduate nursing students - Roncallo, Hannah R.; Aronson, Barbara (Journal of Addictions Nursing, 2023)
Background Healthcare providers, as well as healthcare students, have been found to harbor negative attitudes toward individuals with substance abuse disorders, impacting the care they give and subsequently creating poor patient outcomes. Purpose This study seeks to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention, grounded in theory, toward changing nursing student attitudes regarding patients with a substance abuse disorder. Methods Nursing students participated in a teaching intervention, developed using the experiential learning theory, that utilizes modalities for each kind of learner aimed at reducing bias toward this population. The Medical Condition Regard Scale was used pre/post intervention to determine regard toward patients with the diagnosis of substance abuse. Results Student nurses maintained the least favorable attitudes toward individuals who abuse substances in comparison with patients with the diagnoses of pneumonia or gastroesophageal reflux disease; there were significant differences in attitudes toward patients who abused substances before and after participation in the educational intervention, with postparticipation attitudes being significantly more positive than attitudes before participation. Students found the educational intervention and debriefing highly satisfactory. Implications This educational intervention can provide a cost-effective, easy-to-replicate, time-efficient learning activity that could be added to undergraduate nursing curriculum.
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed

Does polarizing personality matter in influencer marketing? Evidence from Instagram - Koorank Beheshti, Mohammadali; Gopinath, Mahesh; Ashouri, Sama; Zal, Saeed (Journal of Business Research, 2023)
Social media platforms have become more polarizing with the emergence of polarizing influencers. This research investigates how polarizing influencers can improve the effectiveness of brand-posts with the help of three experiments and field-data from Instagram. The results of the first experiment suggest that the polarizing nature of the communication source triggers defensive motivated reasoning among fans, even when the message being communicated is non-polarizing. This, in turn, has downstream consequences on post engagement and purchase intention. Analysis of 779 brandposts of Instagram influencers suggests that the polarization effect on post engagement is stronger for mega (vs. macro) influencers. By exploring the role of motivated reasoning, this research expands our understanding of the factors that drive consumers to engage with brand content on social media. The findings suggest that marketers can take advantage of the existing polarization among online users regarding polarizing influencers to enhance the effectiveness of their brand communication.
Keywords: Defensive motivated reasoning; Group polarization; Influencer marketing; Source characteristics; dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Swipe gestures for user authentication in smartphones - Chao, Jedrik; Hossain, Md Shafaeat; Lancor, Lisa (Journal of Information Security and Applications, 2023)
As more people rely on smartphones to store sensitive information, the need for robust security measures is all the more pressing. Because traditional one shot authentication methods like PINs and passwords are vulnerable to various attacks, we present a behavioral biometrics based smartphone authentication system using swipes. While previous research focused on a single kind of swipe, our data set features swipes using different fingers and directions collected from 36 users across three sessions. In our system, we experimented with support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) classifiers. We investigated which finger, direction, and classifier provided the best individual swipe authentication results. Then, we analyzed whether fusion of different fingers and directions improved results. The best unimodal result came from a rightward swipe with right thumb using SVM, which resulted in an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.936 and an equal error rate (EER) of 0.135. We found that swipes using thumbs offered better performance. Fusion improves results for the most part, and our best result was the combination of a leftward swipe with right thumb and a leftward swipe with left thumb. This combination gave an AUC of 0.969 and EER of 0.081 with the SVM classifier.
Keywords: Authentication; Biometrics; Smartphone security; Swipe gesture; Touchscreen; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Should we teach students how to bullshit? - McEachern, Peter J.; McEachern, Robert W. (Writing and Pedagogy, 2022)
Bullshit, as defined by Frankfurt (2005, p. 10), is language that is “disconnected from a concern for the truth.” Much scholarship shows that bullshit is a prominent feature in organizations that is difficult, if not impossible, to get rid of (e.g., McCarthy et al., 2020; Penny, 2010). Bullshit, by definition and by cultural practice, seems antithetical to business writing orthodoxy. As Thill and Bovée (2020) suggest in a representative textbook, communication should be clear and ethical. However, Spicer (2020) codifies bullshit as a social practice whose outcomes are not always dire. Well-crafted bullshit benefits its users, allowing them to “fit into a speech community, get things done in day-to-day interaction and bolster their image and identity” (Spicer, 2020, p. 20). Contrasting with business writing’s abstinence-only bullshit stance, this suggests that successful writers must adapt to their organization’s speech act practices. In this article, we argue that students must be taught about bullshit. After describing bullshit and its role in organizations, we show how business writing could incorporate a critically informed approach to bullshit in undergraduate courses, internship preparation courses, and other curricular instances in which students work directly with organizations. While bullshitting should not be outright encouraged, continued ignorance will do nothing to solve its associated problems. Promoting bullshit literacy, however, could both minimize bullshit’s harms and maximize its benefits. We close by describing how this approach could foster critical thinking skills, promote more seamless adaptation to organizational cultures and communication practices, and perhaps even improve mental health outcomes.
Keywords: Bullshit; Bullshitology; Business Writing; dept.eng; peer-reviewed

External vs. In-House Advising Service: Evidence from the Financial Industry Acquisitions - Huang, Jian; Yu, Han; Zhang, Zhen (Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 2023)
This study analyzes the wealth impact on M&A deals when the acquirers in the financial industry utilize external versus in-house advising services. A quasi-natural observatory setting is applied to investigate the costs and benefits of retaining a financial advisor. Based on agency theory, information asymmetry and conflict of interest both exist in the setting of M&A deals when acquirers use advisory services. We first find that almost 40% of financial acquirers are more likely to use in-house advising services, the frequency of which is significantly higher than that of non-financial acquisitions previously documented. Further, we find that in certain complex deals of greater information asymmetry, the frequency of retaining advisory services in-house is even higher. This finding suggests that for financial acquirers who possess expertise in the M&A market, the concern of conflict of interests (i.e., misaligned incentives) between the acquirers and their advisors are more salient than the concern of information asymmetry. More importantly, using the two-stage regressions method controlling the endogeneity of the choice between in-house versus external advisory services, this study finds that the three-day abnormal returns around the acquisition announcements are 4.5% higher for the acquirers retaining in-house advisory services, 18.7% higher for the corresponding target, and the combined merger gains are 2.2% higher. Overall, our findings provide direct evidence of the agency cost when an external advisor is hired and document the incremental values that the financial acquirers’ in-house advisory services may create.
Keywords: agency costs; dept.fin; external advisors; financial industry; in-house advisors; information asymmetry; peer-reviewed

Beam energy dependence of the linear and mode-coupled flow harmonics in Au+Au collisions - STAR Collaboration (Physics Letters B, 2023)
The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at sNN = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics' correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initial-state effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T) and baryon chemical potential (μB) dependence of the specific shear viscosity ηs(T,μB).
Keywords: Collectivity; Correlation; Shear viscosity; dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Listen to the whispers before they become screams: addressing black maternal morbidity and mortality in the united states - Njoku, Anuli; Evans, Marian; Nimo-Sefah, Lillian; Bailey, Jonell (Healthcare, 2023)
Black women in the United States (U.S.) disproportionately experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, including maternal mortality, compared to women of other racial and ethnic groups. Historical legacies of institutionalized racism and bias in medicine compound this problem. The disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on communities of color may further worsen existing racial disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality. This paper discusses structural and social determinants of racial disparities with a focus on the Black maternal mortality crisis in the United States. We explore how structural racism contributes to a greater risk of adverse obstetric outcomes among Black women in the U.S. We also propose public health, healthcare systems, and community-engaged approaches to decrease racial disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: COVID-19; black maternal mortality; dept.pch; health disparities; intersectionality; morbidity; peer-reviewed; pregnancy; race/ethnicity; racism; social determinants of health; weathering framework

Stokes shift spectroscopy and machine learning for label-free human prostate cancer detection - Pu, Y.; Wu, B.; Mo, H.; Alfano, R.R. (Optics Letters, 2023)
The Stokes shift spectra (S3) of human cancerous and normal prostate tissues were collected label free at a selected wavelength interval of 40 nm to investigate the efficacy of the approach based on three key molecules—tryptophan, collagen, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)—as cancer biomarkers. S3 combines both fluorescence and absorption spectra in one scan. The S3 spectra were analyzed using machine learning (ML) algorithms, including principal component analysis (PCA), nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), and support vector machines (SVMs). The components retrieved from the S3 spectra were considered principal biomarkers. The differences in the weights of the components between the two types of tissues were found to be significant. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated to evaluate the performance of SVM classification. This research demonstrates that S3 spectroscopy is effective for detecting the changes in the relative concentrations of the endogenous fluorophores in tissues due to the development of cancer label free. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Perception of moderate-intensity physical activity by onset of obesity: A randomized crossover trial - Rupp, Kristie; Stewart, Andrea L.; Friel, Ciarán P. (Clinical Obesity, 2022)
Moderate-intensity physical activity is recommended for inactive adults with overweight/obesity (OW/OB). The objective of this study is to determine if differences exist in the selection of moderate intensity between inactive adults with juvenile-onset (JO) and adult-onset (AO) OW/OB. Participants (JO = 18, AO = 20) were stratified by onset and completed two separate 20-minute moderate-intensity exercise sessions on a treadmill and cycle ergometer (randomized order). Multiple linear regression was used to determine whether exercise intensity (average METS, % age-predicted HRmax), self-reported pleasure or exertion differed by onset, controlling for age and gender. On the treadmill, JO and AO participants selected an average intensity of (mean [SD]) 3.5 (0.9) and 3.7 (0.9) METS, and 64.0 (7.7) and 64.9 (7.5) % of age-predicted HRmax, respectively. On the cycle, JO and AO participants selected an average intensity of 3.3 (0.9) and 3.3 (1.0) METS, and 65.2 (8.8) and 60.7 (7.2) % of age-predicted HRmax. After adjustment, participant intensity selection did not significantly differ by obesity onset when walking or cycling. There were no significant differences in pleasure or perceived exertion by onset, however, perception of exertion was on the high-end of moderate for both the cycle (13.0, 12.5) and treadmill (12.0, 12.1), in JO and AO participants, respectively. Perception of moderate intensity did not differ by obesity onset. Self-selected intensity was at the low end of moderate for walking and cycling.
Keywords: dept.hms; exercise enjoyment; overweight; peer-reviewed; perceived exertion; self-selected intensity; weight loss

Comparing Machine Learning Models for Intron Classification - Kohnert, C.; Yu, N.; Rosenberg, P.; Torgerson, M.; Sobky, A.E.; Elkharboutly, R.; Seesi, S.A. (Proceedings - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022, 2022)
This work explores using Probabilistic Context Free Grammars and Artificial Neural Networks as possible machine learning models for classifying introns into major and minor introns. It presents an intron classification framework that combines probabilistic context free grammars and support vector machines. It also assesses the computational prediction power of these two models in comparison to the Position Weight Matrices technique, which is currently the exclusively used model for intron classification. The comparison is done through experimental analysis, and it shows promising results for Probabilistic Context Free Grammars and Artificial Neural Networks. © 2022 IEEE.
Keywords: Artificial Neural Network; Position Weight Matrices; Probabilistic Context Free Grammars; U12 introns; U2 introns; dept.csc; intron classification; major introns; minor introns

Pattern of global spin alignment of ϕ and K*0 mesons in heavy-ion collisions - STAR Collaboration (Nature, 2023)
Notwithstanding decades of progress since Yukawa first developed a description of the force between nucleons in terms of meson exchange1, a full understanding of the strong interaction remains a considerable challenge in modern science. One remaining difficulty arises from the non-perturbative nature of the strong force, which leads to the phenomenon of quark confinement at distances on the order of the size of the proton. Here we show that, in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, in which quarks and gluons are set free over an extended volume, two species of produced vector (spin-1) mesons, namely ϕ and K*0, emerge with a surprising pattern of global spin alignment. In particular, the global spin alignment for ϕ is unexpectedly large, whereas that for K*0 is consistent with zero. The observed spin-alignment pattern and magnitude for ϕ cannot be explained by conventional mechanisms, whereas a model with a connection to strong force fields2–6, that is, an effective proxy description within the standard model and quantum chromodynamics, accommodates the current data. This connection, if fully established, will open a potential new avenue for studying the behaviour of strong force fields. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Getting back to human touch: habit and change decisions during mobile device intermediations at events - Sisson, A.; Whalen, E. (Consumer Behavior in Tourism and Hospitality, 2023)
Purpose: As mobile device use in the events industry increases worldwide, an essential component for successful events is creating a unique experience. One way to enhance entertainer and attendee experience is by offering a phone-free space to enjoy an event. This study aims to examine mobile device habits and attendee willingness to adopt a mobile locking mechanism product at events and festivals. Design/methodology/approach: Analysis of variance and regression analyses were used to test the research questions using data collected from 299 attendees recruited through an online research company. Findings: Results reveal that mobile device habits are significantly related to the adoption of the phone locking product at events. Practical implications: This study provides contributions to event planners to offer distraction-free settings that provide an overall escapist experience for attendees. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to empirically examine the role of mobile device habits and willingness to adopt a phone-locking device with event attendees. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Decision-making; Events and festivals; Habit; Mobile device use; dept.rec; peer-reviewed

Overconfidence and Public Intoxication Arrest: Evidence from a University Town Police Log - Hoffman, Elizabeth; Kim, Younjun (The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 2022)
We show that overconfident individuals are likely to be arrested for public intoxication by using arrest records from a university town police log. This relationship is robust to various control variables such as risk aversion, time discounting, present bias, self-control, selfishness, loss aversion, and socializing with peers arrested for public intoxication. However, this relationship is no longer significant using only self-reported arrest data. We hypothesize that overconfident individuals are likely to underreport their arrests. This result has important implications for the use of self-reported data on public intoxication arrests rather than actual arrest records.
Keywords: arrest; dept.eco; overconfidence; public intoxication

A Longitudinal Investigation of the Changes in Work Motivation and Employees’ Psychological Health - Wang, Zheni; Panaccio, Alexandra (Administrative Sciences, 2022)
Organizations strive to motivate employees to thrive at work. However, employees’ motivation is likely to vary over a short period (e.g., a few months) to cope with the routine dynamics of organizations’ activities. These motivation dynamics covary with employees’ affective, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in the workplace. Moreover, employees’ psychological health, a multidimensional concept focused on the individual’s well/ill-being simultaneously, changes over time. Using the integrated theoretical frameworks of self-determination theory (SDT) and the hierarchical model of self-determined motivation (H-SDT), this research sought to examine the motivational changes following the dual-path model. In particular, this work sought to unpack the temporal dynamics in employees’ subjective well/ill-beings predicted by the changes in basic needs satisfaction/frustration through autonomous/controlled motivation, while considering the characteristics of people’s general causality orientations (trait-level motivation). Over four months, longitudinal field data were collected from the employees in several private small businesses in the consumer product retail industry. Latent growth modeling (LGM) results supported the positive dual relations between the changes in employees’ psychological health and basic psychological needs satisfaction/frustration, but neither the changes of autonomous/controlled work motivation nor the indirect change paths via autonomous/controlled work motivation were significant. Finally, we discussed the theoretical and practical implications of the findings. Limitations and possible future research directions to further this line of research on the dynamic of work motivation were also summarized.
Keywords: change in motivation; dept.mgt; longitudinal study; peer-reviewed; psychological health

Ch. 1 - Blue Economy: People and Regions in Transitions - Heidkamp, C.P.; Morrissey, J.; Germond-Duret, C.; Rourke, M. (Blue Economy: People and Regions in Transitions, 2022)
Keywords: dept.egm

Exploring the Use of Common Strict Search Criteria in Nursing Literature Searches - Truex, Eleanor Shanklin; Spinner, Emily; Hillyer, Jean; Ettien, A'Llyn; Wade, Sarah; Calhoun, Courtney; Wolf, Grace; Hedreen, Rebecca; Heimlich, Layla; Nickum, Annie; Vonderheid, Susan C. (Nurse Educator, 2023)
Background: Health sciences librarians and nursing journal contributors have expressed concern about the impact of using strict parameters when searching the literature. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the use of strict search criteria (eg, 5-year rule, “nurse as author”) by direct care nurses and nursing students. Methods: Fourteen online focus groups were conducted with 54 participants: direct care nurses, health sciences librarians, nursing faculty, and nursing students. Nursing faculty and health sciences librarians were included as participants to add perspective to the origins and effects of the use of stringent search criteria. Results: The majority of the nurses viewed the 5-year rule and nurse as author search limits favorably, while noting that a strict date range may hamper successful searching. Librarians viewed these search criteria more unfavorably but recognized the value of topic-appropriate search limits. Conclusion: Reliance on strict limits can be detrimental to pertinent results; however, appropriate use is essential for relevant results. Pedagogy focused on searching the nursing literature needs to emphasize that limits are tools to be used judiciously.
Keywords: dept.lib; peer-reviewed

Interdisciplinary considerations for diagnosing aphasia in the schizoaffective patient: A case report - Warner, Heather; Cometz, Alexa (International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2023)
Background Patients with schizophrenia present with both cognitive impairment as well as language difficulties. There are similarities in the language output of patients with schizophrenia and patients with aphasia, thus a differential diagnosis of patients who present with a question of dual diagnoses can be a clinical challenge. This case report highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to a patient with schizophrenia who benefitted from intervention from both psychiatry and speech–language pathology services due to the patient's unique verbal output. Aims The primary aim of this case report is to highlight the critical importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in this patient population. The secondary aim is to disseminate an interesting and unique clinical phenomenon whereby the patient demonstrated an awareness of two distinct speech patterns and the unique ability to ‘code switch’ between them, something not commonly appreciated in this clinical population. Methods & Procedures This case report describes a patient seen as part of routine clinical care. Information shared was solely observational and involved dissemination of information regarding case history, assessment and treatment plan. No interventions were implemented as a part of this study. Outcomes & Results Interprofessional communication was critical in order to diagnose a patient with schizophrenia with an atypical speech pattern. The patient's language output did not manifest as a true aphasia but rather as two distinct language patterns that the patient could use at will. This ability to ‘code switch’ between languages is a unique clinical profile that is atypical of patients with schizophrenia. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on this subject Contemporary literature discusses the similarities between the language patterns of patients with aphasia and those with schizophrenia. There has been debate about how to classify and identify the mechanism of schizophrenic language. It is unclear whether the tangential press of speech in schizophrenia is a consequence of a formal thought disorder, or whether it constitutes an actual disorder or expressive language. Additionally, the mechanism for this speech pattern is not well defined in the literature as there is no consensus on whether it is a breakdown in linguistic processing or simply a patient's disordered thoughts being put into words. A less robust literature exists that suggests that there is a cognitive mechanism responsible for these speech patterns, as tangential speech has been linked to poor goal maintenance in other types of cognitive tasks. What this paper adds to existing knowledge This study adds an important discussion about the critical importance of interprofessional collaboration when differentially diagnosing this complex patient population. It highlights the importance of the clinical exchange of information between the two disciplines of psychiatry and speech–language pathology about a patient population where clinical information is intertwined in the way described above. Regardless of the cause of the disordered output, what is lacking in the literature is evidence of how to address the complexities of the output of these patients and how to best manage the care of the patient. This study adds a practical clinical approach to collaborating on the assessment and management of this complex patient population. Importantly, it adds a description of a clinical manifestation of the language output of a patient with schizophrenia that we do not believe to have been previously published in the literature. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Implications of this study include a much-needed shift in the field in two regards. First, to include this patient population in the groups of patients that can benefit from interprofessional collaboration for differential diagnosis and consideration for speech and language therapy. Second, it offers a practical clinical approach to inter-professional management in this patient population, something the literature is currently lacking. Additionally, publication of this unique clinical manifestation provides foundational knowledge for other clinicians appreciating similar clinical patterns of language output. To our knowledge, this is the first published case in which a patient could volitionally inhibit certain speech characteristics and thus this case study may assist in future differential diagnosis of patients with schizophrenia.
Keywords: aphasia; dept.cmd; interprofessional practice; language disorders; peer-reviewed; schizoaffective disorder

Waste Citrus reticulata Assisted Preparation of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for Supercapacitors - Srivastava, Rishabh; Bhardwaj, Shiva; Kumar, Anuj; Singhal, Rahul; Scanley, Jules; Broadbridge, Christine C.; Gupta, Ram K. (Nanomaterials, 2022)
The green, sustainable, and inexpensive creation of novel materials, primarily nanoparticles, with effective energy-storing properties, is key to addressing both the rising demand for energy storage and the mounting environmental concerns throughout the world. Here, an orange peel extract is used to make cobalt oxide nanoparticles from cobalt nitrate hexahydrate. The orange peel extract has Citrus reticulata, which is a key biological component that acts as a ligand and a reducing agent during the formation of nanoparticles. Additionally, the same nanoparticles were also obtained from various precursors for phase and electrochemical behavior comparisons. The prepared Co-nanoparticles were also sulfurized and phosphorized to enhance the electrochemical properties. The synthesized samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopic and X-ray diffraction techniques. The cobalt oxide nanoparticle showed a specific capacitance of 90 F/g at 1 A/g, whereas the cobalt sulfide and phosphide samples delivered an improved specific capacitance of 98 F/g and 185 F/g at 1 A/g. The phosphide-based nanoparticles offer more than 85% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. This study offers a green strategy to prepare nanostructured materials for energy applications.
Keywords: Citrus reticulata; Co3O4 nanoparticles; characterization; charge storage; dept.phy; peer-reviewed; supercapacitors

A norm functor for quadratic algebras - Biesel, Owen (Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie / Contributions to Algebra and Geometry, 2022)
Given commutative, unital rings $$\mathcal {A}$$and $$\mathcal {B}$$with a ring homomorphism $$\mathcal {A}\rightarrow \mathcal {B}$$making $$\mathcal {B}$$free of finite rank as an $$\mathcal {A}$$-module, we can ask for a “trace” or “norm” homomorphism taking algebraic data over $$\mathcal {B}$$to algebraic data over $$\mathcal {A}$$. In this paper we we construct a norm functor for the data of a quadratic algebra: given a locally-free rank-2 $$\mathcal {B}$$-algebra $$\mathcal {D}$$, we produce a locally-free rank-2 $$\mathcal {A}$$-algebra $$\textrm{Nm}_{\mathcal {B}/\mathcal {A}}(\mathcal {D})$$in a way that is compatible with other norm functors and which extends a known construction for étale quadratic algebras. We also conjecture a relationship between discriminant algebras and this new norm functor.
Keywords: 11R11; 13B02; 13B40; 13C10; 14B25; Algebra of finite rank; Norm functor; Quadratic algebra; Ring extension; dept.mat; Étale algebra

Undergraduate food insecurity, mental health, and substance use behaviors - Neal, Latasha; Zigmont, Victoria A. (Nutrition and Health, 2022)
Objective: Recent epidemiological research has found food insecurity to be a growing public health concern among college students. This study investigated food insecurity, mental health, and substance use behaviors among state university undergraduate students. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the Student Health Survey. Undergraduate participants ( n = 589) completed the paper-based survey, which had an 84% response rate overall. Results: Approximately 38.5% of students were considered food insecure, 24.8% experiencing low food security, and 13.8% experiencing very low food security. Having a diagnosis of depression, experience of depressive symptoms, and marijuana use in the past 30 days were associated with food insecurity. Conclusion and Implications: Food insecurity is a serious health concern for college students. The results of this study indicate collocating food security and counseling services may enhance existing student resources to better support students facing food and nutrition insecurity, substance use, and depression.
Keywords: SCSU-student; dept.pch; dept.psy

Bad dream frequency predicts mental health needs during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic - Simmons, Claire; McKee, Paul; Antonios, Imad; Smith, Anna; Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter (Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2022)
Keywords: dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Differences in Neonatal Outcomes Among Premature Infants Exposed to Mother's Own Milk Versus Donor Human Milk - Cartagena, Diana; Penny, Frances; McGrath, Jacqueline M.; Reyna, Barbara; Parker, Leslie A.; McInnis, Joleen (Advances in Neonatal Care: Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses, 2022)
BACKGROUND: Growing evidence supports the superior benefits of exposure to mother's own milk (MOM) in reducing prematurity-related comorbidities. Neonatal exposure to donor human Milk (DHM) is a suitable alternative when MOM is insufficient or unavailable. However, the same protective composition and bioactivity in MOM are not present in DHM. Additional evidence is needed to justify and inform evidence-based practices increasing MOM provision while optimizing adequate use of DHM for premature infants. PURPOSE: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to determine differences in neonatal outcomes among premature infants exposed to predominately MOM versus DHM. METHODS/SEARCH STRATEGY: Databases including PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane were searched (2020-2021) using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Evidence was classified using the John Hopkins evidence-based practice levels and quality of evidence. RESULTS: Eleven studies met inclusion criteria. Studied neonatal outcomes included ( a ) growth parameters (n = 8), ( b ) neonatal morbidities (n = 6), and ( c ) gut microbiome (n = 4). Overall, evidence suggests DHM exposure is beneficial but not equivalent to MOM feeding. Compared with DHM, greater doses of MOM are ideal to enhance protection primarily related to infant growth, as well as gut microbiome diversity and richness. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Standardized and evidence-based practices are needed to clearly delineate optimal use of DHM without undermining maternal and neonatal staff efforts to support and promote provision of MOM. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH: Additional evidence from high-quality studies should further examine differences in neonatal outcomes among infants exposed to predominately MOM or DHM in settings using standardized and evidence-based feeding practices.
Keywords: Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Milk, Human; Mothers; dept.nur; peer-reviewed

Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Inclusive Education: a Cross-National Exploration - Charitaki, G.; Kourti, I.; Gregory, J.L.; Ozturk, M.; Ismail, Z.; Alevriadou, A.; Soulis, S.-G.; Sakici, Ş.; Demirel, C. (Trends in Psychology, 2022)
The study aims to suggest a model for attitudes towards inclusive education that will yield a good fit across different countries. Moreover, we aim to explore the effect of years of teaching experience, educational work level of teachers, and the highest degree completed by teachers on teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion across different countries. A demographic scale and the ATTAS-mm were applied to 908 teachers employed in schools of general education or who offered parallel support and/or resources in five different countries (Greece, the UK, the USA, Malaysia, and Turkey). CFA suggested a 4-factor solution, which included the cognitive, affective, and behavioral factors that have been previously introduced by Gregory and Noto (2012), and a fourth factor, labeled overall attitudes towards teaching all students. In the cognitive factor, the UK had the most positive attitudes. TU, MA, and GR enrolled in the same cluster, and the USA had the least positive attitudes. In the affective factor, GR had the most positive attitude. MA and the USA enrolled in the same cluster and TU and the UK had the least positive attitudes. A similar pattern is observed for the behavioral factor with GR having the most positive attitude. TU and MA enrolled in the same cluster, and the USA and the UK had the least positive attitudes. Finally, years of teaching experience, educational work level, and the highest degree completed have a significant effect on teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion in all countries. Providing feedback for future research is the focal point of the discussion part. © 2022, Associação Brasileira de Psicologia.
Keywords: Affective; Attitudes; Behavioral; Cognitive; Inclusive education; Teachers; dept.edl; peer-reviewed

Cultivating Language and Identity through Multimodal Literacies: Back to the StoryBoard - Ferraro, Marisa; Mendoza, Kristin Bengtson (Multimodal Literacies in Young Emergent Bilinguals: Beyond Print-Centric Practices, 2022)
Keywords: dept.cur

On error reduction by the symmetric rejection method in multi-stage biometric verification systems - Hossain, M.S.; Chen, J.; Rahman, K. (Pattern Analysis and Applications, 2022)
A multi-stage biometric verification system serially activates its verifiers and improves performance-cost trade-off by allowing users to submit a subset of the available biometrics. In the heart of a verifier in multi-stage systems lies the concept of ‘reject option’ where a reject region is used to identify a bad quality test sample. If the match-score falls inside the reject region, no binary (genuine/impostor) decision is made in the current stage and the verifier in the next stage is activated. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant promise of the ‘symmetric rejection method’ in choosing a suitable reject region for multi-stage verification systems. In this paper, we delve into the symmetric rejection method to gain more insights into its error reduction capabilities. Specifically, we develop a theory which mathematically proves that the symmetric rejection method reduces the false accept rate and false reject rate. Then, we empirically validate our theory. Results show that the symmetric rejection method significantly reduces the error rates, both the false accept rate and false reject rate. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
Keywords: Authentication; Biometrics; Multi-stage system; Serial fusion; Symmetric rejection method; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

(In)justice and the blue economy - Germond-Duret, Celine; Heidkamp, C. Patrick; Morrissey, John (The Geographical Journal, 2022)
While the ocean space has long been ignored by social sciences, the past 15 years have witnessed an increased interest in the marine environment by scholars in Human Geography. The academic literature on the blue economy, almost non-existent a few years ago, is now burgeoning. The academic debate has offered some critical assessment of blue economy initiatives, but more needs to be done to address the true place of environmental protection within a blue economy, and to put people at the centre of concerns and analyses. Of particular concern, is the ambiguity of the blue economy concept and the confusion over its social and environmental sustainability, which can ultimately result in harmful practices. An important question is then how should social scientists in general and geographers, specifically, engage with these debates, and in particular how should the potential human and social costs of the blue economy be investigated and addressed while assuring justice and fairness? The papers presented here share the vision that environmental sustainability, justice and equality should be at the heart of the blue economy; not just conceptually, but practically too. The papers pursue efforts to identify blue economy risks and the mechanisms through which they occur; assess the place of inclusion and participation in a sustainable blue economy; define what blue economy policies should include to drive just and sustainable practices; and identify where the dominant understandings of the blue economy and its priorities are coming from. In other words, they put considerations of justice and broader cultural structures at the centre of their concerns and analysis. They also highlight the need to bypass geographical boundaries and gain insights from other disciplines and methodologies to grasp such an encompassing concept, and foster not just a blue economy with social justice, but a blue economy for social justice.
Keywords: blue economy; communities; dept.egm; justice; peer-reviewed; sustainability

If Anti-Racism Is the Goal, Then Anti-Oppression Is How We Get There - Smith, Carmela Fusciello; Aguilar, Jemel P.; Kozu, Shuei; D'Angelo, Karen A.; Keenan, Elizabeth King; Tomczak, Stephen Monroe (Advances in Social Work, 2022)
Many schools of social work around the United States of America wrote anti-racism statements because of the recent murders of Black and Brown people. In this contribution, the authors describe a challenging and tense discussion of racism and anti-racism leading to a group process about oppression and anti-oppression in the social work profession. For some, the urgency to address racism led to tactics and strategies that got in the way of social workers engaging in anti-oppressive practices. While the structure of higher education often reinforces traditional hierarchies of power, the profession of social work calls us to promote our core values of social justice, integrity, and the importance of human relationships as we strive for an anti-oppressive future. Consequently, social work faculty may experience role conflict as we navigate these tensions. We believe it is important to harness and process such discomfort as we critically examine the power dynamics within our own department, and our own profession. This voluntary, ad hoc group, composed of a diverse group of faculty members, provides space for ongoing mutual aid, consciousness raising, appropriate discomfort, and accountability. If anti-racism is the goal, then anti-oppression is how we get there.
Keywords: White supremacy; dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Plasma metabolomic profiles reveal sex- and maturation-dependent metabolic strategies in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) - Tamrakar, Sonam; Huerta, Belinda; Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen; Li, Weiming (Metabolomics: Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society, 2022)
INTRODUCTION: Adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) cease feeding and migrate to spawning streams where males build nests, undergo final sexual maturation, and subsequently produce and release large quantities of bile acid pheromones that attract mature females. These animals are predicted to rearrange their metabolic pathways drastically to support their reproductive strategies, presenting advantageous opportunities to examine how sex and the maturation processes affect metabolism. OBJECTIVES: The objective is to investigate the metabolic differences between sexes and maturation states in sea lamprey that support changes in physiological functions. METHODS: We compared plasma metabolomes of spawning and prespawning sea lamprey in both sexes using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches using UPLC/MS-MS with electrospray ionization in both positive and negative modes. The data were processed using Progenesis QI, Compound Discoverer and XCMS softwares for alignment, peak picking, and deconvolution of the peaks. Principle component analyses (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) were performed using SIMCA and Metaboanalyst softwares to identify discriminating features, followed by fragmentation matching with extensive database search and pathway mapping. RESULTS: The pheromonal bile acid biosynthesis was upregulated significantly in males compared to females. Spermiating males further upregulated bile acid biosynthesis by altering amino acid metabolisms, upregulating cofactors and nucleotide metabolisms, but downregulating carbohydrate and energy metabolisms. CONCLUSION: Plasma metabolomes are sex- and maturation-dependent and reflect the special metabolic demands at each life stage and reproductive strategy.
Keywords: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Bile acid biosynthesis; Female; Male; Metabolic pathways; Metabolomics; Petromyzon; Petromyzon marinus; Sexual Maturation; Sexual selection; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Targeted analyses; Untargeted analyses; dept.che; peer-reviewed

Review of Application of Machine Learning as a Screening Tool for Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Aiyer, Ishan; Shaik, Likhita; Sheta, Alaa; Surani, Salim (Medicina, 2022)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a pervasive disorder with an incidence estimated at 5–14 percent among adults aged 30–70 years. It carries significant morbidity and mortality risk from cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and cerebrovascular disease, and risks related to excessive daytime sleepiness. The gold standard for diagnosis of OSAS is the polysomnography (PSG) test which requires overnight evaluation in a sleep laboratory and expensive infrastructure, which renders it unsuitable for mass screening and diagnosis. Alternatives such as home sleep testing need patients to wear diagnostic instruments overnight, but accuracy continues to be suboptimal while access continues to be a barrier for many. Hence, there is a continued significant underdiagnosis and under-recognition of sleep apnea in the community, with at least one study suggesting that 80–90% of middle-aged adults with moderate to severe sleep apnea remain undiagnosed. Recently, we have seen a surge in applications of artificial intelligence and neural networks in healthcare diagnostics. Several studies have attempted to examine its application in the diagnosis of OSAS. Signals included in data analytics include Electrocardiogram (ECG), photo-pletysmography (PPG), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and audio signals. A different approach is to study the application of machine learning to use demographic and standard clinical variables and physical findings to try and synthesize predictive models with high accuracy in assisting in the triage of high-risk patients for sleep testing. The current paper will review this latter approach and identify knowledge gaps that may serve as potential avenues for future research.
Keywords: ML; artificial intelligence; dept.csc; peer-reviewed; screening; sleep apnea

Understanding and Responding to Affectional and Transgender Prejudice and Victimization - Viehl, C.; Ginicola, M.M.; Ellis, A.; Charette, R.J. (Trauma Counseling Theories and Interventions for Managing Trauma, Stress, Crisis, and Disaster: Second Edition, 2022)
In addition to traumas that heterosexual and cisgender people experience, queer and transgender people face a heterosexist and cissexist culture, in which marginalization and trauma against them is normalized or minimized. In this chapter, the experience of hate crimes and violence, relational and interpersonal trauma, religious based-trauma, and sociocultural and political-based trauma are covered in relation to how it impacts Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and Queer (LGBTQ) people. Clinical and counseling implications are discussed. The increase in mental health challenges is explained via the minority stress model. Implications for diagnosis and trauma-informed practices for queer and transgender people are discussed. Additionally, the role of the mental health professional as a social justice advocate is explored, including how social justice frameworks can be incorporated in the counseling environment. © 2023 Springer Publishing Company, LLC and 2012. All rights reserved.
Keywords: dept.csp

Discriminative ability of lower limb strength and power measures in lacrosse athletes - Talpey, Scott W.; Axtell, Robert; Gardner, Elizabeth; Maloney, Maggie; Newman, Thomas; Cordone, Jason; O’Grady, Mathew (International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2023)
The objective of this investigation was to compare isokinetic strength, countermovement jump and drop jump variables between high-contributors and low-contributors within NCAA Division I Men’s and Women’s lacrosse athletes. Men’s (N=36) and Women’s (N=30) NCAA Division I lacrosse athletes completed strength testing of the quadriceps and hamstring across three speeds (60°·s−1, 180°·s−1, 300°·s−1), countermovement and drop jumps. To determine the discriminative ability of select lower-limb strength and power characteristics participants were categorized as high-contributors (Males N=18, age=20.3±0.4 yrs, height=183.9±5.5 cm, mass=90.8±5.8 kg; Females N=15, age=20.8±0.8 yrs, height=169.3±6.7 cm, mass=64.1±7.2 kg) or low-contributors (Males N=18, age=19.5±0.2 yrs, height=184.1±5.6 cm; mass=87.9±8.1 kg; Females N=15, age=19.7±0.2 yrs, height=169.8±7.0 cm, mass=62.9±7.7 kg ) based upon the number of games the participants competed in during the regular season. Within the male cohort, moderate significant (p−1 (d=0.69) and peak power in countermovement jump (d=0.68). Within the women’s cohort a large (d=0.87) significant difference (p−1. Hamstring strength and lower-limb power are important strength measures for lacrosse performance and should be prioritized in training prescription for lacrosse athletes.
Keywords: Key words countermovement jump; dept.hms; drop jump; female athlete; peer-reviewed; performance

Breaking Blue: Establishing comprehensive policy for a just and inclusive transition for the Blue Economy - Axon, Stephen; Collier, Sammy (Marine Policy, 2023)
At a time of substantial interest in the Blue Economy, it is surprising that sustainability dilemmas and justice components are not well integrated within its academic discourse or policy arena. Reviewing a number of existing U.S. coastal and marine policies, we identify that justice and equity components are essentially missing and advocate for a comprehensive policy framework for a just and inclusive transition for the Blue Economy. Looking forward, we review and critique the policy proposal of Elizabeth Warren’s Blue New Deal. While the current state of the Blue New Deal remains uncertain, we indicate that such a policy framework would integrate justice, equity and inclusivity as part of operationalising the Blue Economy. Given the proposal for a Blue New Deal is relatively new, we propose a research agenda to explore how comprehensive policy frameworks may seek to place justice and inclusivity at the centre of the Blue Economy.
Keywords: Blue Economy; Blue Justice; Blue New Deal; Governance; Sustainability; dept.egm; peer-reviewed

Chapter 15 - Tryptophan fluorescence and machine learning to study the aggressiveness of prostate cancer cell lines: A pilot study - Xue, Jianpeng; Mo, Haiding; Tian, Yuke; Tang, Rui; Wu, Binlin (Biophotonics, Tryptophan and Disease, 2022)
We report on the use of label-free, native fluorescence (NFL) spectroscopy and machine learning (ML) algorithms to study the correlation of relative tryptophan levels with prostate cancer aggressiveness. Three extensively studied prostate cancer cell lines were used; PC3, an aggressive, androgen-resistant line, with a high tendency to metastasize in vivo, DU-145, a less aggressive cancer cell line, also androgen-resistant, and LNCaP, an androgen sensitive line, which has a low tendency to metastasize. Using an excitation of 300nm, differences in the NFL spectral profiles from these cell lines were found to correlate with changes in the relative concentrations of tryptophan and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). The use of ML may present a powerful tool for the assessment of the likelihood of a cancer to metastasize. This technique could aid in the decision whether to use highly aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy after surgical resection of a prostate cancer.
Keywords: Fluorescence spectroscopy; Machine learning; Metastatic cancer; Native fluorescence; Prostate cancer; Support vector machine; Tryptophan; dept.phy

Book Review: Ah, Wilderness! - Garvey, Sheila Hickey (The Eugene O'Neill Review, 2022)
Connecticut’s Tony Award–winning Hartford Stage reopening with Eugene O’Neill’s only comedy, Ah, Wilderness!, was a historic event. It marked Melia Bensussen’s debut as a director at Hartford Stage. Bensussen had already been in place as its first woman artistic director in October 2019, but began her tenure overseeing other directors’ work. The theater’s forced closing in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic delayed her joining the theater’s directing pool. Ah, Wilderness! had already been cast and was ready to begin rehearsals when the shutdown occurred.The fall 2021 opening for Bensussen’s directorial debut might have been guided by fate, as October 16 is Eugene O’Neill’s birthday. O’Neill had a fascination with fate and destiny stemming from his deep and tangled roots in Connecticut. Ah, Wilderness! is the comedic and fantastical version of the playwright’s youthful days in the Nutmeg State, while Long Day’s Journey Into Night is the tragic and more accurate version. What unites the two plays is that they both take place in the waterfront Monte Cristo Cottage, a historic landmark in New London.The choice to reopen Hartford Stage with Ah, Wilderness! was also historic because to attend the performance one had to present proof of a COVID vaccination or a recent negative test and wear protective facial masking—something that became a common practice nationally and internationally when COVID protocols were established. Once cleared, the audience was permitted to enter the auditorium, where they were treated to a more recognizable theatrical experience. Visible on the theater’s spacious thrust stage were portions of an abstract set designed by James Noone, hidden, for the most part, behind a white sheet-like curtain. On the stage’s foreground were furnishings draped with individual sheets. The abandoned and ghostly look was ably enhanced by lighting designer Wen-Ling Liao’s stark lighting, which signaled a death or an abandonment on the stage and in the entire theater facility itself.Also symbolic was the initial music selected to mark Hartford Stage’s reawakening. As the house lights were raised, individual singers could be heard repeatedly singing, two words and notes, a cappella. The words were “I am.” The unique arresting declaration was quickly followed by the proud entrance of the remaining cast and some crewmembers, joyfully marching though the auditorium. They headed toward the stage’s thrust, also singing “I am” until they all broke into a full rendition of the famous Americana song “Yankee Doodle Dandy” —an apt choice, the play occurs on the Fourth of July. But the melody and words “I am” signified even more because the music and lyrics were written by the iconic stage Irishman George M. Cohan, who portrayed Nat Miller in the original production of Ah, Wilderness!, which premiered on Broadway on October 2, 1933.As the actors entered, the white drop curtain rose to reveal a super-size—and not entirely historically accurate—skeletal set that served as a universal environment. Its main purpose was to represent the Miller family home, and its secondary purpose was to eventually represent the act 4, scene 2 lakeside woods where Richard Miller, the play’s central young lead (Michael Boatman), and his teenage love interest, Muriel McComber (Brittany Anikka Liu), meet under full moonlight to confess their undying love. The cast continued singing while they removed the white coverings from the furniture. Their actions were a reminder that the Monte Cristo Cottage was the O’Neill family’s summer home. In this way, the Miller family’s initial actions echoed the O’Neills’ annual return. Once the 1906 period furniture pieces were fully visible and lit with warm stage lighting, the delightful summertime period costumes designed by Olivera Gajic could be appreciated in their proper context.Throughout the production’s exposition and early conflicts, the audience was introduced to an American family and a New London community compatible with racial norms of the twenty-first century. Unlike the original Broadway production and many productions since, the cast was multiracial, an appropriate reflection of contemporary times. As Nat Miller, Boatman maintained a demeanor of gentle but firm moral force when addressing challenges to his integrity as a newspaper editor, familial rebellions against his patriarchal authority, and the antics of the none-too-skilled maid, Norah (Annie Jean Buckley). As the play unfolds, it becomes apparent that Nat and his devoted wife Essie (Antoinette LaVecchia) are raising four children: Arthur (Antonio Jose Jeffries), Richard (Jaevon Williams), Tommy (Miles Lowe), and Mildred (Katerina McCrimmon). Nat has also assumed the responsibility of caring for several relatives including his single sister, Lily (Natascia Diaz), and his wife’s hopelessly alcoholic brother, Sid Davis (McCaleb Burnett). Boatman wisely and lovingly guided his family and his rebellious teenage son, Richard, with a loving, measured pace. The actor shouldered his character’s purpose, leading to the climactic moments when O’Neill’s goal becomes apparent. As a playwright aiming to bring classical stature to American playwrighting, O’Neill intended to write a comedy of substance. He did not want to write his only comedy by ending it with a happy and sentimental resolution. Instead, O’Neill concludes Ah, Wilderness! with philosophical reflections on the importance of familial loyalty and everlasting love.A clear choice of director Bensussen was to craft her production as an ensemble piece rather than as a star vehicle for a leading role, as it has often been: Cohan (1933), Jason Robards (1988), Geraldine Fitzgerald (1969 and 1973), and Colleen Dewhurst (1988). As a result, there were numerous memorable performances by actors with secondary speaking roles: Tanner Jones as Wint Selby, Stuart Rider as the protective Bartender, Joseph Adams as Macomber and the Salesman, and Liu, doubling as Belle, all made brief but standout appearances at unexpected moments. Diaz in the principal role of spinster Lily Miller imbued her character with a poignant dignity, a feat made more impressive by the fact that, in some productions, this character can arc toward the melodramatic and comically belittling.An informative post-show talk-back took place on November 6, with Bensussen, Beth Wynstra, and Steven Bloom, the latter two representing the Eugene O’Neill Society’s board of directors. During the conversation, Bensussen noted pitfalls she found in the writing of Miller family matriarch Essie Miller and acknowledged cutting some of the character’s dialogue to make her seem less scatterbrained. The result was a less dominant but more mature rendering of the character.In choosing to direct Ah, Wilderness!, Bensussen demonstrated her prowess as a stage director and her appreciation for the home-grown legacy of America’s only Nobel Prize–winning playwright. She also lovingly reawakened the dormant Hartford Stage.
Keywords: dept.thr

The HPP Podcast: People, Places, Possibilities—Living & Reimagining Beyond the Page - Mata, Holly J.; Castle, Arden; Johnson, Chloe; Latz, Isabel; Castro, Justine Karla; Roe, Kathleen (Health Promotion Practice, 2022)
Keywords: dept.pch; peer-reviewed

College student Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and maladaptive behavior: Traditional statistical modeling and predictive analysis using machine learning - McKee, Paul C.; Budnick, Christopher J.; Walters, Kenneth S.; Antonios, Imad (PLOS ONE, 2022)
This paper reports a two-part study examining the relationship between fear of missing out (FoMO) and maladaptive behaviors in college students. This project used a cross-sectional study to examine whether college student FoMO predicts maladaptive behaviors across a range of domains (e.g., alcohol and drug use, academic misconduct, illegal behavior). Participants (N = 472) completed hard copy questionnaire packets assessing trait FoMO levels and questions pertaining to unethical and illegal behavior while in college. Part 1 utilized traditional statistical analyses (i.e., hierarchical regression modeling) to identify any relationships between FoMO, demographic variables (socioeconomic status, living situation, and gender) and the behavioral outcomes of interest. Part 2 looked to quantify the predictive power of FoMO, and demographic variables used in Part 1 through the convergent approach of supervised machine learning. Results from Part 1 indicate that college student FoMO is indeed related to many diverse maladaptive behaviors spanning the legal and illegal spectrum. Part 2, using various techniques such as recursive feature elimination (RFE) and principal component analysis (PCA) and models such as logistic regression, random forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM), showcased the predictive power of implementing machine learning. Class membership for these behaviors (offender vs. non-offender) was predicted at rates well above baseline (e.g., 50% at baseline vs 87% accuracy for academic misconduct with just three input variables). This study demonstrated FoMO’s relationships with these behaviors as well as how machine learning can provide additional predictive insights that would not be possible through inferential statistical modeling approaches typically employed in psychology, and more broadly, the social sciences. Research in the social sciences stands to gain from regularly utilizing the more traditional statistical approaches in tandem with machine learning.
Keywords: Alcohol consumption; Behavior; Cannabis; Drug interactions; Forecasting; Machine learning; Machine learning algorithms; Principal component analysis; dept.csc; dept.psy; peer-reviewed

Well-Being and Prosperity: Multidirectional Disciplinary Interactions with Religion - Morais, M.; Karakunnel, J.J.; Perumbilly, S.; Yeon, G.; Rassendren, G. (Journal of Dharma, 2022)
Despite significant advancements in science and technology, religion continues to influence human lives. The twentieth-century perspectives from social sciences, influenced by the secular hypothesis, mainly highlight the negative influence of religion on human progress and practically ignore its influential and positive impact on various fields of knowledge/disciplines. In this paper, we have examined literature from politics, economics, and psychology to understand religion’s impact on these disciplines and vice versa. We find that religion’s contribution to human society in the 20th and 21st centuries has been mostly positive, especially in education, healthcare, social justice, economic growth, ethics, and initiatives for eradicating inequality and injustice. For instance, religion provides effective coping measures and strategies when humans face uncertainties and catastrophes and facilitate comfort, confidence, and emotional wellness. Further, we realised that (i) the contemporary research literature in social sciences generally highlights the interaction between religion and various fields of knowledge in a unidirectional way —i.e., religion influencing disciplines and not how disciplines influence religion, and (ii) that it fails to reveal a more complex multidirectional and circular relationship between religion and social sciences. This paper proposes ways to bring together social scientists and religious scholars to facilitate the much-needed discussion on the multidirectional relationship between religion and social sciences, thereby paving the way toward the well-being of individuals and social transformation. © 2022 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore),.
Keywords: and well-being; charitable giving; circularity; dept.mft; linearity; peer-reviewed; political participation; religion; sustainable development; ⛔ No DOI found

The Solar Neighborhood L: Spectroscopic Discovery of K Dwarfs Younger Than 1 Gyr and New Binaries within 30 pc - Hubbard-James, Hodari-Sadiki; Lesley, D. Xavier; Henry, Todd J.; Paredes, Leonardo A.; Nisak, Azmain H. (The Astronomical Journal, 2022)
As part of a comprehensive effort to characterize the nearest stars, the CHIRON echelle spectrograph on the CTIO/SMARTS 1.5 m telescope is being used to acquire high-resolution (R = 80,000) spectra of K dwarfs within 50 pc. This paper provides spectral details about 35 K dwarfs from five benchmark sets with estimated ages spanning 20 Myr–5.7 Gyr. Four spectral age and activity indicators are tested, three of which aligned with the estimated ages of the benchmark groups—the Na i doublet (5889.95 and 5895.92 Å), the Hα line (6562.8 Å), and the Li i resonance line (6707.8 Å). The benchmark stars are then used to evaluate seven field K dwarfs exhibiting variable radial velocities for which initial CHIRON data did not show obvious companions. Two of these stars are estimated to be younger than 700 Myr, while one exhibits stellar activity unusual for older K-dwarf field stars and is possibly young. The four remaining stars turn out to be spectroscopic binaries, two of which are being reported here for the first time with orbital periods found using CHIRON data. Spectral analysis of the combined sample of 42 benchmark and variable radial velocity stars indicates temperatures ranging from 3900 to 5300 K and metallicities from −0.4 < [Fe/H] < +0.2. We also determine for main-sequence K dwarfs. Ultimately, this study will target several thousand of the nearest K dwarfs and provide results that will serve present and future studies of stellar astrophysics and exoplanet habitability.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Measurement of HΛ4 and HeΛ4 binding energy in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 3 GeV - STAR Collaboration (Physics Letters B, 2022)
Measurements of mass and Λ binding energy of Λ4H and Λ4He in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV are presented, with an aim to address the charge symmetry breaking (CSB) problem in hypernuclei systems with atomic number A = 4. The Λ binding energies are measured to be 2.22±0.06(stat.)±0.14(syst.) MeV and 2.38±0.13(stat.)±0.12(syst.) MeV for Λ4H and Λ4He, respectively. The measured Λ binding-energy difference is 0.16±0.14(stat.)±0.10(syst.) MeV for ground states. Combined with the γ-ray transition energies, the binding-energy difference for excited states is −0.16±0.14(stat.)±0.10(syst.) MeV, which is negative and comparable to the value of the ground states within uncertainties. These new measurements on the Λ binding-energy difference in A = 4 hypernuclei systems are consistent with the theoretical calculations that result in ΔBΛ4(1exc+)≈−ΔBΛ4(0g.s.+)<0 and present a new method for the study of CSB effect using relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Captive Market Pricing and Lack of Transportation: A Survey of Undergraduate Food Insecurity at a Public University in New England - Zigmont, V.A.; Anziano, J.; Schwartz, E.; Gallup, P. (American Journal of Health Promotion, 2022)
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of food insecurity among college students and its relationship to on-campus food purchasing patterns and barriers to eating a healthy and sufficient diet, including the relative cost of food items on campus compared to national chain grocery stores. Design: A campus-wide survey using stratified sampling among undergraduates and food audit. Setting: An urban public university in New England. Subjects: A total of 951 surveys completed by undergraduates. Measures: Demographic characteristics, behavioral factors and food security status (measured using the USDA 6-item short form) were collected. Method: Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted to describe differences between food insecure and food secure undergraduates. Results: Overall, 35% of undergraduates experienced food insecurity in the past year (response rate = 92%). Food insecure undergraduates had different on-campus purchasing patterns than their food secure counterparts. Food insecure students were more likely to report barriers to healthy eating on all measures, including prices (AOR= 8.12, P <.0001), to experience housing insecurity (AOR= 2.64, P =.001) and to report that transportation is a barrier to buying groceries (AOR= 1.63, P =.01). After multivariable adjustment, food insecure undergraduates had higher odds of being African American (AOR= 1.57, P =.031) or other races (more than 1 race) (AOR= 3.35, P =.002) compared to white undergraduates. Conclusions: Food insecure college students face a variety of barriers to healthy eating on campus, including high food pricing on campus and limited transportation options. Further research is needed to inform campus resource development, policies and programming focused on food insecurity prevention for college students. © The Author(s) 2022.
Keywords: college students; dept.pch; food insecurity; food prices; higher education; hunger; peer-reviewed; transportation

Leadership skills with classroom instruction integration in hospitality management higher education - Sisson, A.D.; Roberts, K.R. (Journal of Teaching in Travel and Tourism, 2022)
To move from the gap between industry and academia, educators must review and change instructional content to meet industry demands. By addressing the industry imperative for leadership skills, this exploratory study evaluates the most prominent leadership style among faculty who implement leadership pedagogy in the classroom. The researchers surveyed hospitality management faculty through an online survey. The majority of respondents identified as transformational leaders, indicating leadership integration as highly important. The two most frequently integrated instruction methods were student-led discussions and delegation of group tasks. No significant relationship existed between methods of leadership integration and leadership style. Findings from this research contribute how educational leaders influence leadership skills and competency integration in classroom instruction. Recommendations included conducting further studies of hospitality management educators’ leadership styles, enhanced statistical tests to build significant results to methods of transformation leadership in classroom instruction, and effective leadership training for hospitality management educators and administrators. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Keywords: Leadership style; classroom instruction; dept.rec; educational leaders; hospitality faculty; integration; peer-reviewed

Transforming Barriers Into Opportunities: Teaching Environment and Sustainability Service-Learning Courses During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic - Button, C.E.; Ghezzi, S.E.; Godfrey, P.; Huminski, S.E.; Minor, J.; Silka, L. (Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 2022)
In response to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions of higher learning locked down their campuses and altered their ways of teaching. This article discusses changes made to courses at five highly varied public universities in New England participating in the multiyear Campuses for Environmental Stewardship (CES) program. The primary aim of the CES program is to integrate environmental service-learning (SL) into college curricula through workshops, faculty fellowships, and mentoring. We detail how teaching strategies were altered in fall 2020 to accommodate the threat of COVID-19 in the classroom. The authors transitioned significant portions of their instruction to online formats or outdoor classrooms. Specifics about the impacts of the shift to virtual teaching–learning are discussed, with particular focus on the impacts to the service-learning components of each of the courses. © 2022 by the University of Georgia
Keywords: Campus garden; Community engagement; Covid-19; Environmental sustainability; Outdoor classroom; Service-learning; dept.fac; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Coalition Building and Food Insecurity: How an Equity and Justice Framework Guided a Viable Food Assistance Network - Santilli, A.; Lin-Schweitzer, A.; Morales, S.I.; Werlin, S.; Hart, K.; Cramer, J.; Martinez, J.A.; O’Connor Duffany, K. (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022)
Food insecurity is widespread in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified the need for food assistance and created opportunities for collaboration among historically-siloed organizations. Research has demonstrated the importance of coalition building and community organizing in Policy, Systems, and Environmental (PSE) change and its potential to address equitable access to food, ultimately improving population health outcomes. In New Haven, community partners formed a coalition to address systems-level issues in the local food assistance system through the Greater New Haven Coordinated Food Assistance Network (CFAN). Organizing the development of CFAN within the framework of Collaborating for Equity and Justice (CEJ) reveals a new way of collaborating with communities for social change with an explicit focus on equity and justice. A document review exploring the initiation and growth of the network found that 165 individuals, representing 63 organizations, participated in CFAN since its inception and collaborated on 50 actions that promote food access and overall health. Eighty-one percent of these actions advanced equitable resource distribution across the food system, with forty-five percent focused on coordinating food programs to meet the needs of underserved communities. With the goal of improving access to food while addressing overall equity within the system, the authors describe CFAN as a potential community organizing model in food assistance systems. © 2022 by the authors.
Keywords: chronic disease prevention; coalition building; dept.hhs; environment change; food insecurity; peer-reviewed; policy; systems

We Need to Talk About War Metaphors in Oncology - McEachern, Robert W. (JCO Oncology Practice, 2022)
Keywords: dept.eng

Do Online Firms Individualize Search Results? An Empirical Analysis of Individualization on Amazon - Ahmed, Rasha; Al Seesi, Sahar; Ruiz Sánchez, Gerardo (Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 2022)
Online markets offer sellers access to buyers’ information and, thus, the potential to alter prices and products accordingly. In light of this, we undertook an empirical analysis to test for individualization on Amazon.com. We collect data from individuals recruited to shop for household items. Our results indicate evidence of individualization of search results and net prices (via coupons). We found, contrary to what was expected, that demographic, geolocation, and account information play an insignificant role in individualization of search results. Thus, we conclude that individualization is based on more dynamic information, e.g., online browsing behavior. This highlights the fact that sellers’ need for (and use of) buyer information goes beyond the simple information accessible from the buyers’ accounts to a more rigorous monitoring of buyers’ online behavior.
Keywords: Amazon; dept.csc; individualization; peer-reviewed; price discrimination

A machine learning based study to assess bone health in a diabetic cohort - Musleh, Saleh; Nazeemudeen, Anjanarani; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; El Hajj, Nady; Alam, Tanvir (Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 2022)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis/osteopenia affect millions of people globally and are major health conditions in several countries including Qatar. Bone mineral density (BMD) is a widely accepted indicator for diagnosing osteoporosis (OP) and osteopenia (OPN). The best method for determining bone mineral density and OP/OPN risk is via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology. The risk of osteoporosis-related fracture may increase for people with diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system that can support the early detection of OP/OPN in diabetic patients. In this study, we analyzed Qatar diabetic cohorts including 500 subjects, among which 68 were OP/OPN (target) subjects and 432 were without osteoporosis/osteopenia (control) subjects. The objective of this study is to develop an ML model to distinguish diabetic OP/OPN patients from diabetic non-OP/non-OPN subjects based on their bone health indicators from full body DXA scan measurements. Based on our experiments, AdaBoost model performed the best for classifying the target group from the control group. 10-fold cross validation-based results indicate that the proposed ML model was able to distinguish the target group from the control group at 80% sensitivity, 96% specificity. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first ML-based approach to detect the early onset of OP/OPN in diabetic cohort from Qatar. Our analyses revealed the higher level of lean mass, fat mass and bone mass for the control group compared to the target group. Higher levels of BMC, BMD from different body parts in the control group compared to the osteoporosis/osteopenia group indicate the protective effects of obesity on bone health in the Qatari diabetic cohort. Moreover, higher value of anthropometric measurements in troch, lumbar spine (L1, L2, L3, L4), pelvis and other body parts in the control group indicates that the WHO guideline can be applied to the Qatari diabetic cohort for the early detection of OP/OPN based on the proposed ML model. Further research on OP/OPN in diabetic patients is warranted in future to confirm the role of DM on bone health.
Keywords: Bone mineral density; DXA; Diabetes; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; Machine learning; Osteopenia; Osteoporosis; Qatar Biobank (QBB); dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Barriers and facilitators to exclusive breastfeeding among Black mothers: A qualitative study utilizing a modified Barrier Analysis approach - Tran, Victoria; Reese Masterson, Amelia; Frieson, Tomeka; Douglass, Frankie; Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael; O'Connor Duffany, Kathleen (Maternal & Child Nutrition, 2022)
Breastfeeding has health benefits for both infants and mothers, yet Black mothers and infants are less likely to receive these benefits. Despite research showing no difference in breastfeeding intentions by race or ethnicity, inequities in breastfeeding rates persist, suggesting that Black mothers face unique barriers to meeting their breastfeeding intentions. The aim of this study is to identify barriers and facilitators that Black women perceive as important determinants of exclusively breastfeeding their children for at least 3 months after birth. Utilizing a Barrier Analysis approach, we conducted six focus group discussions, hearing from Black mothers who exclusively breastfed for 3 months and those who did not. Transcripts were coded starting with a priori parent codes based on theory-derived determinants mapped onto the Socioecological Model; themes were analysed for differences between groups. Facilitators found to be important specifically for women who exclusively breastfed for 3 months include self-efficacy, lactation support, appropriate lactation supplies, support of mothers and partners, prior knowledge of breastfeeding, strong intention before birth and perceptions of breastfeeding as money-saving. Barriers that arose more often among those who did not exclusively breastfeed for 3 months include inaccessible lactation support and supplies, difficulties with pumping, latching issues and perceptions of breastfeeding as time-consuming. Lack of access to and knowledge of breastfeeding laws and policies, as well as negative cultural norms or stigma, were important barriers across groups. This study supports the use of the Socioecological Model to design multicomponent interventions to increase exclusive breastfeeding outcomes for Black women.
Keywords: barrier analysis; breastfeeding; dept.csc; dept.pch; focus group; peer-reviewed; public health; qualitative methods; social factors; sociocultural analyses

Autonomous Robot System for Pavement Crack Inspection Based Cnn Model - Sheta, A.; Mokhtar, S.A. (Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2022)
Maintaining the excellent state of the road is critical to secure driving and is an obligation of both transportation and regulatory maintenance authorities. For a safe driving environment, it is essential to inspect road surfaces for defects or degradation frequently. This process is found to be labor-intensive and necessitates primary expertise. Therefore, it is challenging to examine road cracks visually; thus, we must effectively employ computer visualization and robotics tools to support this mission. This research provides our initial idea of simulating an Autonomous Robot System (ARS) to perform pavement assessments. The ARS for crack inspection is a camera-equipped mobile robot (i.e., an Android phone) to collect images on the road. The proposed system is simulated using an mBot robot armed with an Android phone that gathers video streams to be processed on a server that has a pre-training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) that can recognize crack existence. The proposed CNN model attained 99.0% accuracy in the training case and 97.5% in the testing case. The results of this research are suitable for application with a commercial mobile robot as an autonomous platform for pavement inspections. © 2022 Little Lion Scientific.
Keywords: Automatic Detection; Autonomous Robot System; Crack Detection; Deep Neural Network; Pavement Crack; Road Maintenance; dept.csc; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Tea Ceremony - Sonnenschein, Dana (Corvid Queen, 2022)
Water the color of oolong reflects her shape vanishing.
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

Generalization of bi-canonical degrees - Brennan, J.; Ghezzi, L.; Hong, J.; Vasconcelos, W. V. (São Paulo Journal of Mathematical Sciences, 2023)
We discuss invariants of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical module $$ω$$. Attached to each such ring R, when $$ω$$is an ideal, there are integers–the type of R, the reduction number of $$ω$$–that provide valuable metrics to express the deviation of R from being a Gorenstein ring. In (Ghezzi et al. in JMS 589:506–528, 2017) and (Ghezzi et al. in JMS 571:55–74, 2021) we enlarged this list with the canonical degree and the bi-canonical degree. In this work we extend the bi-canonical degree to rings where $$ω$$is not necessarily an ideal. We also discuss generalizations to rings without canonical modules but admitting modules sharing some of their properties.
Keywords: 13A99; Bi-canonical degree; Canonical module; Primary 13H15; Secondary 13H10; dept.mat; peer-reviewed

Deformations of reducible SL(n, C) representations of fibered 3-manifold groups - Kozai, K. (Osaka Journal of Mathematics, 2022)
Let Mφ be a surface bundle over a circle with monodromy φ: S → S. We study deformations of certain reducible representations of π1(Mφ)intoSL(n, C), obtained by composing a reducible representation into SL(2, C) with the irreducible representation SL(2, C) → SL(n, C). In particular, we show that under certain conditions on the eigenvalues of φ∗, the reducible representation is contained in a (n + 1 + k)(n − 1) dimensional component of the representation variety, where k is the number of components of ∂Mφ . This result applies to mapping tori of pseudo-Anosov maps with orientable invariant foliations whenever 1 is not an eigenvalue of the induced map on homology, where the reducible representation is also a limit of irreducible representations. © 2022, Osaka University. All rights reserved.
Keywords: dept.mat; ⛔ No DOI found

Resolving the Core of R136 in the Optical - Kalari, V.M.; Horch, E.P.; Salinas, R.; Vink, J.S.; Andersen, M.; Bestenlehner, J.M.; Rubio, M. (Astrophysical Journal, 2022)
The sharpest optical images of the R136 cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud are presented, allowing us for the first time to resolve members of the central core, including R136a1, the most-massive star known. These data were taken using the Gemini speckle imager Zorro in medium-band filters with effective wavelengths similar to BVRI achieving angular resolutions between 30-40 mas. All stars previously known in the literature, having V < 16 mag within the central 2″ × 2″, were recovered. Visual companions (≥40 mas; 2000 au) were detected for the WN5h stars R136 a1 and a3. Photometry of the visual companion of a1 suggests it is of mid-O spectral type. Based on new photometric luminosities using the resolved Zorro imaging, the masses of the individual WN5h stars are estimated to be between 150 and 200 M ⊙, lowering significantly the present-day masses of some of the most-massive stars known. These mass estimates are critical anchor points for establishing the stellar upper-mass function. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Effects of Teacher-Delivered eCoaching on Paraeducators and Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder - Horn, A.L.; Rock, M.L.; Douglas, K.H.; Bean, K.M.; Layden, S.J.; Roitsch, J. (Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2022)
Paraeducators often support students with the most intensive academic, life, and behavioral needs, which includes students with intellectual and other developmental disabilities (IDD; e.g., autism spectrum disorder; ASD), yet they typically enter the classroom with inadequate preparation to perform their roles effectively. Using a multiple-baseline research design replicated across participants, we evaluated the effects of job-embedded bug-in-ear (BIE) coaching delivered by the teacher on paraeducators’ use of behavior specific praise (BSP) while teaching transition-age students with ASD. Findings confirmed each of the three paraeducators immediately increased the percentage of occurrence and rate per minute in which they offered BSP. They sustained these high levels during fading. Further, the special education teacher, who served as the eCoach, and the paraeducators reported BIE was an effective form of paraeducator professional development. Finally, changes in expressive social and communicative behaviors were observed in student participants as a result of the intervention. These results extend literature on BSP and also help establish BIE coaching as an evidence-based practice for paraeducators. © Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities.
Keywords: dept.cmd; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Stress, Marginalization, and Disruption: A Qualitative Rapid Situational Assessment of Substance Users and HIV Risk in Lebanon - Khoshnood, Kaveh; Smoyer, Amy B.; Maviglia, Francesca; Kara, Janine; Khouri, Danielle; Fouad, Fouad M.; Heimer, Robert (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022)
Lebanon is a diverse and dynamic nation of six million people that has experienced considerable disruption for the last two decades. The Syrian Civil War, which began in 2011, resulted in the displacement of 1.1 million Syrians to Lebanon. Today, Lebanon is the country with the largest per capita number of refugees in the world. In addition, the country experienced a social, economic, and political crisis in 2019 that destabilized the entire society-circumstances that were further complicated by COVID-19 pandemic. With all of the competing calamities in Lebanon, there has been limited scientific investigation into substance use and the risk of HIV infection among the country's population. To address this gap in knowledge, a qualitative rapid situational assessment (RSA) of substance use and risk of HIV infection in and around Beirut, the nation's capital, was conducted. The goal of this analysis is to describe the demographics and drug use patterns of this population, explore their HIV knowledge and risks, and build knowledge about their perceptions of and access to substance use treatment and other social services.
Keywords: COVID-19; Drug Users; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Lebanon; Pandemics; Refugees; Stress, Psychological; Substance-Related Disorders; dept.swk; peer-reviewed; rapid situational assessment; refugees; substance use

Empowering Young Readers: Dialogic Reading with Integrated Vocabulary Enrichment - Moore, Dina; Durwin, Cheryl C. (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2022)
Keywords: dept.psy

Mathematical strategies and emergence of socially mediated metacognition within a multi-touch Dynamic Geometry Environment - Hegedus, S.J.; Otálora, Y. (Educational Studies in Mathematics, 2022)
Our research aimed to investigate the potential learning benefits to young children of implementing digital interactive multimodal technologies that provide both visual and haptic experiences in elementary mathematics classrooms. We studied the ways in which fourth-grade students collaboratively create collective strategies for solving mathematical problems utilizing dynamic geometry software with multi-touch interfaces, a combination we call a multi-touch Dynamic Geometry Environment. We examine in-depth two case studies each illustrating how mathematical strategies, collaboration, and socially mediated metacognition emerge in the small groups of children while working on an activity using the Geometer’s Sketchpad® on the iPad to make sense of an intuitive idea of covariation. We found that children’s interactions with their peers, the interviewer, and the mDGE favored the emergence of varied collaborative behaviors and socially mediated metacognitive processes that fostered the co-construction and development of mathematical strategies over a short period of time. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Keywords: Collaboration; Dynamic geometry software; Mathematical strategies; Multi-touch; Socially mediated metacognition; Young children; dept.edu; peer-reviewed

Kelp carbon sink potential decreases with warming due to accelerating decomposition - Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Feehan, Colette J.; Smale, Dan A.; Krumhansl, Kira A.; Augustine, Skye; Bettignies, Florian de; Burrows, Michael T.; Byrnes, Jarrett E. K.; Campbell, Jillian; Davoult, Dominique; Dunton, Kenneth H.; Franco, João N.; et al. (PLOS Biology, 2022)
Cycling of organic carbon in the ocean has the potential to mitigate or exacerbate global climate change, but major questions remain about the environmental controls on organic carbon flux in the coastal zone. Here, we used a field experiment distributed across 28° of latitude, and the entire range of 2 dominant kelp species in the northern hemisphere, to measure decomposition rates of kelp detritus on the seafloor in relation to local environmental factors. Detritus decomposition in both species were strongly related to ocean temperature and initial carbon content, with higher rates of biomass loss at lower latitudes with warmer temperatures. Our experiment showed slow overall decomposition and turnover of kelp detritus and modeling of coastal residence times at our study sites revealed that a significant portion of this production can remain intact long enough to reach deep marine sinks. The results suggest that decomposition of these kelp species could accelerate with ocean warming and that low-latitude kelp forests could experience the greatest increase in remineralization with a 9% to 42% reduced potential for transport to long-term ocean sinks under short-term (RCP4.5) and long-term (RCP8.5) warming scenarios. However, slow decomposition at high latitudes, where kelp abundance is predicted to expand, indicates potential for increasing kelp-carbon sinks in cooler (northern) regions. Our findings reveal an important latitudinal gradient in coastal ecosystem function that provides an improved capacity to predict the implications of ocean warming on carbon cycling. Broad-scale patterns in organic carbon decomposition revealed here can be used to identify hotspots of carbon sequestration potential and resolve relationships between carbon cycling processes and ocean climate at a global scale.
Keywords: Carbon sequestration; Decomposition; Deep sea; Forests; Latitude; Ocean temperature; Oceans; Seaweed; dept.bio; peer-reviewed

Incorporating deep learning into capacitive images for smartphone user authentication - Hossain, Md Shafaeat; Islam, Mohammad T.; Akhtar, Zahid (Journal of Information Security and Applications, 2022)
We incorporate deep learning techniques into capacitive images of body parts (ear, four fingers, and thumb) to improve the performance of user authentication in smartphones. Use of a capacitive touchscreen as an image sensor has several advantages, such as it is less sensitive to poor illumination conditions, occlusions, and pose variations. Also, it does not need an additional hardware like iris or fingerprint scanner. Use of capacitive images for user authentication is not new. However, the performance, specially, false reject rates (FRRs) of the state-of-the-art capacitive image-based systems are poor. In this paper, we focus on improving the performance and leverage deep learning. Deep learning techniques demonstrated spectacular performance in previous physical biometrics-based research. However, to our knowledge, effectiveness of deep learning is still unexplored in capacitive touchscreen-based user authentication. In order to bridge this research gap, we devise a multi-modal deep learning model, namely UASNet, and compare its performance with a large set of uni- and multi-modal baselines. Using the UASNet, we achieve an accuracy of 99.77%, an EER of 0.48%, and an FRR of 1.19% at FAR of 0.06%.
Keywords: Biometrics; CNN; Capacitive images; Deep learning; Fusion; Smartphone; Touchscreen; User authentication; dept.csc; peer-reviewed

Geographical considerations for capturing value in the U.S. sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) industry - Heidkamp, C. Patrick; Krak, Louie Vincent; Kelly, Miriah M. Russo; Yarish, Charles (Marine Policy, 2022)
The United States’ seaweed industry is worth over $300 million annually thanks in part to the rising popularity of seaweed-based products. Seaweed has myriad uses and great potential for novel product innovation and development while also providing numerous environmental benefits including carbon and nitrogen sequestration and other crucial ecosystem services . One of the most promising and prevalent species under domestic cultivation is Saccharina latissma. Also known as sugar kelp, this abundantly grown cold-water species dominates the edible seaweed market in the United States . This paper provides an in-depth geographical analysis of the current state of the U.S. sugar kelp industry, comparing regional market differences and opportunities for growth in Maine, Alaska, and Connecticut. Data was collected from the 2020 National Sea Grant Seaweed Symposium (https://seaweedhub.org/symposium/) and through a series of semi-structured interviews with key industry participants, yielding insights into the challenges that seaweed stakeholders face across the country. Proposed solutions for increasing the profitability of sugar kelp are explored and include market differentiation through regional origin labels, eco-labels, and quality labels.
Keywords: Eco-labels; Ecosystem services; Market differentiation; Origin labels; Quality labels; Seaweed; Sugar kelp; dept.egm; peer-reviewed

Making Sense of Word Reading Difficulties: Principles of Clinical Assessment - Zipoli, Richard P. (Communication Disorders Quarterly, 2022)
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are increasingly called upon to help assess students with word-recognition difficulties, including dyslexia. Although SLPs tend to have comparatively strong knowledge regarding the phonological awareness skills that support word reading, findings from survey research indicate that many SLPs report limited knowledge and training on word recognition and phonics. The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic framework for assessing and interpreting students’ word reading skills. Five potential components of word reading assessment will be examined: word recognition, phonological decoding, automaticity, performance with specific phonics patterns, and reading multimorphemic and multisyllabic words. Emphasis will be given to how specific test formats and procedures can be used to help identify patterns of word reading difficulty.
Keywords: assessment; automaticity; decoding; dept.cmd; peer-reviewed; phonics; reading; word recognition

Thriving in the dynamics: a multi-level investigation of needs-supportive features, situational motivation, and employees’ subjective well-being - Wang, Zheni; Panaccio, Alexandra (Current Psychology, 2023)
Employees often demonstrate various regulatory intentions toward multiple responsibilities they must fulfill on the job. Therefore, it is possible that employees’ motivation changes during the workday because of the various situations they have experienced and that these motivational fluctuations affect their subjective well-being across different activities. Following the integrated frameworks of the self-determination theory (SDT) and the hierarchical model of motivation (H-SDT), the present research studied the variations of employees’ daily motivation for work across different activities using the survey of day reconstruction method (DRM). Multi-level structural equation modeling (MSEM) was used to analyze the variations in the perceived three basic psychological (i.e., autonomy-, relatedness-, and competence-) needs-supportive features (NSFs), situational motivation, and variables capturing the employees’ subjective well-being (including vitality and positive/negative affect) laid out according to a list of work episodes in DRM. Results of this study confirmed that employees’ subjective well-being (mainly vitality and positive affect) were positively promoted by NSFs pertained to specific work activities via the indirect path of situational autonomous motivation at work. Furthermore, vitality and positive affect were also directly predicted by situational autonomous motivation. These empirical findings expanded the research evidence supporting employees’ subjective well-being as a multi-level and multi-dimensional dynamic motivational consequence promoted by configurable specific NSFs at work. We also discussed the limitations and future directions for this line of research.
Keywords: Dynamics of work motivation; Multi-level modeling; Psychological health; dept.mgt; peer-reviewed

Energy transitions and labor market patterns in the U.S. coal industry - Michieka, Nyakundi M.; Graziano, Marcello; Musso, Marta; Fouquet, Roger (Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2022)
The U.S. coal industry is in the midst of a transition. Changes in regulation and technological innovation from other fossils and renewables have affected its competitiveness. These could have significant impacts on the labor market where jobs could be lost. In this study, we investigate how changes in employment in the coal industry affect wages in 20 industries in 10 U.S. coal producing states. We assess how these transitions impact welfare programs, since coal producing regions are associated with higher poverty levels. Results show that in the long run, migration of coal workers decreased wages in the construction, manufacturing sectors. Point estimates reveal that an increase in separations of coal workers increase Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) caseloads. In states where coal mining has a smaller contribution to GDP, an increase in coal employment increases SNAP caseloads.
Keywords: Labor market dynamics; dept.mgt; peer-reviewed

Nest Robbers - Sonnenschein, Dana (The Curator, 2022)
...
Keywords: dept.eng

Queering Anti-Zionism: Academic Freedom, LGBTQ Intellectuals, and Israel/Palestine Campus Activism - Blackmer, Corinne E. (Wayne State University Press, 2022)
"This book explores the work of five influential pro-BDS (Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions) queer academic activists-Sarah Schulman, Jasbir Puar, Angela Davis, Dean Spade, and Judith Butler-each of whom exemplify different ideological and critical practices around anti-Zionism"--
Keywords: Boycotts; Foreign public opinion; Israel; Boycott, divestment, and sanctions movement; Zionism; Gay rights; Israel; Israel; Disinvestment; Politics and government; dept.eng; faculty_collection

Brief Report: A Specialized Fitness Program for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Benefits Physical, Behavioral, and Emotional Outcomes - Jackson, S.L.J.; Abel, E.A.; Reimer, S.; McPartland, J.C. (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022)
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) engage in less physical activity than typically-developing peers. This can result in serious negative consequences for individual well-being and may contribute to the physical, behavioral, and emotional challenges associated with ASD. This study explored the potential benefits of trainer-led, individualized, physical fitness sessions specialized for ASD. Eleven individuals (ages 7–24 years) with ASD were assessed at baseline and following 15 fitness sessions. Participants demonstrated improvements in core and lower-body strength and reductions in restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, along with non-significant but marked reductions in issues with daytime sleepiness. Results suggest the merit of specialized fitness programs and emphasize the need for larger and more rigorous research studies on this topic. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Exercise; Fitness; Physical health; Restricted and repetitive behaviors; Sleep behaviors; dept.aa; dept.adm; peer-reviewed

Contactless Services: A Survey of the Practices of Large Public Libraries in China - Guo, Y.; Yang, Z.; Yuan, Y.; Ma, H.; Liu, Y.Q. (Information Technology and Libraries, 2022)
Contactless services have become a common way for public libraries to provide services. As a result, the strategy used by public libraries in China will effectively stop the spread of epidemics caused by human touch and will serve as a model for other libraries throughout the world. The primary goal of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of the contactless service measures provided by large Chinese public libraries for users in the pandemic era, as well as the challenges and countermeasures for providing such services. The data for this study was obtained using a combination of website investigation, content analysis, and telephone interviews for an analytical survey study of 128 large public libraries in China. The study finds that touch-free information dissemination, remote resources use, no-touch interaction self-services, network services, online reference, and smart services without personal interactions are among the contactless services available in Chinese public libraries. Exploring the current state of contactless services in large public libraries in China will help to fill a need for empirical attention to contactless services in libraries and the public sector. Up-to-date information to assist libraries all over the world in improving their contactless services implementation and practices is provided. © 2022.
Keywords: dept.ils; peer-reviewed

Centrality and transverse-momentum dependence of higher-order flow harmonics of identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at sNN =200 GeV - STAR Collaboration (Physical Review C, 2022)
We present high-precision measurements of elliptic, triangular, and quadrangular flow v2, v3, and v4, respectively, at midrapidity for identified hadrons π, p, K, φ, Ks, Λ as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at the center-of-mass energy sNN=200 GeV. We observe similar vn trends between light and strange mesons which indicates that the heavier strange quarks flow as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. The number-of-constituent-quark scaling for v2, v3, and v4 is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for 0-10%, 10-40%, and 40-80% collision centrality intervals. The results are compared to several viscous hydrodynamic calculations with varying initial conditions, and could serve as an additional constraint to the development of hydrodynamic models. © 2022 American Physical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

The POKEMON Speckle Survey of Nearby M Dwarfs. I. New Discoveries - Clark, C.A.; Van Belle, G.T.; Horch, E.P.; Von Braun, K.; Ciardi, D.R.; Winters, J.G.; Kiman, R. (Astronomical Journal, 2022)
M dwarfs are favorable targets for exoplanet detection with current instrumentation, but stellar companions can induce false positives and inhibit planet characterization. Knowledge of stellar companions is also critical to our understanding of how binary stars form and evolve. We have therefore conducted a survey of stellar companions around nearby M dwarfs, and here we present our new discoveries. Using the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument at the 4.3 m Lowell Discovery Telescope, and the similar NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager at the 3.5 m WIYN telescope, we carried out a volume-limited survey of M-dwarf multiplicity to 15 parsecs, with a special emphasis on including the later M dwarfs that were overlooked in previous surveys. Additional brighter targets at larger distances were included for a total sample size of 1070 M dwarfs. Observations of these 1070 targets revealed 26 new companions; 22 of these systems were previously thought to be single. If all new discoveries are confirmed, then the number of known multiples in the sample will increase by 7.6%. Using our observed properties, as well as the parallaxes and 2MASS K magnitudes for these objects, we calculate the projected separation, and estimate the mass ratio and component spectral types, for these systems. We report the discovery of a new M-dwarf companion to the white dwarf Wolf 672 A, which hosts a known M-dwarf companion as well, making the system trinary. We also examine the possibility that the new companion to 2MASS J13092185-2330350 is a brown dwarf. Finally, we discuss initial insights from the POKEMON survey. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

The spatial dimension of energy transition policies, practices and technologies - Caragliu, A.; Graziano, M. (Energy Policy, 2022)
Keywords: dept.mgt; peer-reviewed

Best Practice in Swallowing Assessment in COVID-19 - Warner, Heather; Young, Nwanmegha (Dysphagia, 2022)
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the world as we know it. Service delivery for the instrumental evaluation of dysphagia in hospitalized patients has been significantly impacted. In many institutions, instrumental assessment was halted or eliminated from the clinical workflow, leaving clinicians without evidence-based gold standards to definitively evaluate swallowing function. The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of an early, but measured return to the use of instrumental dysphagia assessment in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was extracted via a retrospective medical record review on all patients on whom a swallowing consult was placed. Information on patient demographics, type of swallowing evaluation, and patient COVID status was recorded and analyzed. Statistics on staff COVID status were also obtained. Over the study period, a total of 4482 FEES evaluations and 758 MBS evaluations were completed. During this time, no staff members tested COVID-positive due to workplace exposure. Results strongly support the fact that a measured return to instrumental assessment of swallowing is an appropriate and reasonable clinical shift during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID; Deglutition; Dysphagia; FEES; Swallowing assessment; dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Servant leadership and employee wellbeing: A crosscultural investigation of the moderated path model in Canada, Pakistan, China, the US, and Brazil - Wang, Zheni; Panaccio, Alexandra; Raja, Usman; Donia, Magda; Landry, Guylaine; Pereira, Michelle Morelo; Ferreira, Maria Cristina (International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 2022)
Drawing on samples from Canada, Pakistan, China, the US, and Brazil comprising over 800 employees, we examined whether servant leaders (SL) - characterized as putting the needs of others above their own - promote employees’ well-being via autonomous motivation, accounting for employees’ power distance and collectivism values as moderating variables. Autonomous motivation, a type of self-regulation, sustains one’s well-being. Personal values facilitate one’s work behaviors cross-culturally. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results confirmed matrix invariance of all the measures. The path and moderation analyses result using multilevel structural equation modeling (SEM) supported the positive direct and indirect paths among SL, autonomous motivation, and psychological well-being across the five cultures; Collectivistic value negatively moderated the relationship between servant leadership and autonomous motivation across the Chinese and US samples. In addition, with only a limited number of items, measurements of SL and vitality achieved scalar invariance. ANOVA test results also confirmed the significant comparative differences in these two variables among the cultural groups. Findings in this research provided robust and empirical support for the motivational effects of the servant leadership theory across the globe. Theoretical and practical implications for evidence-based cross-cultural management practices and future directions for leadership training in diverse cultural contexts are discussed.
Keywords: Servant leadership; autonomous motivation; dept.mgt; peer-reviewed; personal values; psychological well-being

The Origin and Evolution of the Term “Social Work” - Luquet, W.; Tomczak, S.M. (Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 2022)
The origin of the term “social work” has long been misattributed to the 1907 work of economist Simon Patten. While Patten’s contribution to social work is important, though mostly forgotten, the term had been used long before regarding the work of nuns and settlement workers. Quoting archival and historical findings, this article traces the origin, evolution, and widespread use of the term “social work.” The words of the early founders of social work are utilized to tell the story of how the work of persons doing “the social work” of the church or settlement evolved into the name of the profession. These shifts in terminology in social work’s early history have influenced the subsequent direction of the field up to the present day. © 2022, Western Michigan University. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Simon Patten; dept.swk; history; peer-reviewed; profession; settlements; social work; ⛔ No DOI found

Comparing Environmental Policies to Reduce Pharmaceutical Pollution and Address Disparities - Desai, Meghana; Njoku, Anuli; Nimo-Sefah, Lillian (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022)
Pharmaceutical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients and inactive ingredients such as packaging materials, have raised significant concerns due to their persistent input and potential threats to human and environmental health. Discourse on reducing pharmaceutical waste and subsequent pollution is often limited, as information about the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans is yet to be fully established. Nevertheless, there is growing awareness about ecotoxicity, and efforts to curb pharmaceutical pollution in the European Union (EU), United States (US), and Canada have emerged along with waste disposal and treatment procedures, as well as growing concerns about impacts on human and animal health, such as through antimicrobial resistance. Yet, the outcomes of such endeavors are often disparate and involve multiple agencies, organizations, and departments with little evidence of cooperation, collaboration, or oversight. Environmental health disparities occur when communities exposed to a combination of poor environmental quality and social inequities experience more sickness and disease than wealthier, less polluted communities. In this paper, we discuss pharmaceutical environmental pollution in the context of health disparities and examine policies across the US, EU, and Canada in minimizing environmental pollution.
Keywords: dept.pch; disparities; environmental policies; peer-reviewed; pharmaceutical pollution; pharmaceutical waste

Ex-ante performance of REIT portfolios - Birz, Gene; Devos, Erik; Dutta, Sandip; Nguyen, Khoa; Tsang, Desmond (Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 2022)
The Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) market has become an increasingly important vehicle for alternative investment for equity investors. While existing research examining the cross-section of REIT returns usually employs standard risk factors in the in-sample models, it can only show the ex-post performance of REIT portfolios. The goal of our paper is to examine the ex-ante performance of REIT portfolios (i.e., the ability of investors to earn abnormal returns in real time). We employ the out-of-sample methodology of Cooper, Gutierrez, and Marcum (2005), and show that ex-ante performance of REIT portfolios is rather weak. For about half of our 19-year sample over the period of 1999 to 2017, the portfolio performances of REITs chosen ex-ante do not beat the performances of the FTSE-NAREIT or the CRSP Equal-Weighted index. After adjusting for transaction costs, the REIT portfolios significantly further underperform their benchmarks. Overall, our findings suggest that the market is relatively efficient in the REIT sector, and it is difficult for investors to devise trading strategies that improve the ex-ante performance of REIT portfolios, based on standard risk factors.
Keywords: Abnormal returns; Out-of-Sample; Portfolio management; Predictability; REITs; Real estate; dept.fin; peer-reviewed

A Narrative That Was Not Her Own: Mary I as Mediterranean Queen - Kern, Darcy (Writing Mary I: History, Historiography, and Fiction, 2022)
Nearly every biography of Mary Tudor mentions her acquisition of the Kingdom of Naples and the Spanish kingdoms through her marriage to Philip Habsburg, later Philip II of Spain, but they say little about her role as queen consort, primarily because she failed to control the narrative of her reign. She made little effort to patronize writers, disperse her symbols, send images of herself, use masculine terminology like her grandmother Isabel of Castile, or involve herself in the governance of her Mediterranean kingdoms. Her real and symbolic absence in the south, and the presence of Doña Juana, Philip’s sister and the capable regent of the Spanish kingdoms in his absence, led to her marginalization. This has had long-lasting consequences for the historiography of her reign, as historians have generally confined themselves to studying her in her English context using the gendered language of early Spanish writers while omitting her entirely from Naples.
Keywords: award_winner; dept.his

The Impact of Spirituality and Religious Practice on Senior Living Leader Career Resilience - Myers, Dennis R.; Rogers, Robin K.; Garrison, Brianna V.; Singletary, Jon E.; Groce, Haley (Journal of Applied Gerontology, 2022)
Experienced senior living leaders (SLLs) report the impact of spirituality and religious practice on SLL role adaptation and continuation. The sample included 18 SLLs in 18 skilled care settings representing public, non-profit, and for-profit types of incorporation, with oversampling of for-profit facilities. The average years of SLL experience was 24 years. In-depth interviews were examined through a thematic analysis approach using Excel software. Seventy-eight percent described how a higher power, religious beliefs, and faith practices were associated with their role. Their narratives revealed three major themes: Frame (calling and pre-dispositional spiritual beliefs and religious practices), Role Performance (how spirituality informed SLL administrative practice), and Benefits (perceived rewards of adherence to spiritual beliefs and practices). Further analysis of the three themes produced codes that added greater specification for each theme. Implications provided for normalizing the spirituality and work-life intersect and infusing ethical integration of spirituality and work-life in SLL educational programs.
Keywords: adminstration; career resilience; dept.swk; faith and work; peer-reviewed; religious practices; skilled care; spirituality

Physical Activity, Sports Participation, and Psychosocial Health in Adolescents With Hearing Loss - DeLuca, Zara Waldman; Rupp, Kristie (Journal of Adolescent Health, 2022)
Purpose This study examined the association between hearing status (i.e., adolescents with and without hearing loss) and physical activity and sports participation. Secondarily, we explored the association between physical activity and sports participation and psychosocial outcomes among adolescents with hearing loss. Methods Analyses included 29,034 adolescents (52.1% male, 13.8 ± 2.3 (M ± SD) years) from the combined 2018–2019 National Survey of Children's Health. Adolescents were grouped by hearing status. Adjusted logistic regression models assessed physical activity level (i.e., 0, 1–3, 4–6, and 7 days/week) and sports participation (i.e., participation in sports within the past 12 months) by hearing status. Secondary analyses examined associations between physical activity and sports participation with psychosocial outcomes among adolescents with hearing loss adjusting for relevant confounders. Results Relative to their hearing peers, adolescents with hearing loss (n = 359) were 40% [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.44, 0.81], 43% [AOR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41, 0.80], and 33% [AOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47, 0.95] less likely to engage in 1–3 days/week of physical activity, 4–6 days/week of physical activity, and meet physical activity guidelines, respectively. Further, adolescents with hearing loss were 31% [AOR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55, 0.85] less likely to participate in sports. Sports participation, but not physical activity, was associated with a significant reduction in the likelihood of experiencing adverse psychosocial outcomes among adolescents with hearing loss (p's < .05). Discussion Sports participation, but not physical activity, was associated with attenuated likelihood of experiencing adverse psychosocial outcomes in adolescents with hearing loss, suggesting unique characteristics of sports participation confer protection of psychosocial health. Increasing access to and reducing barriers to engagement in sports should be prioritized to improve psychosocial health in adolescents with hearing loss.
Keywords: Hearing loss; Physical activity; Psychosocial health; Sports participation; dept.cmd; dept.hms; peer-reviewed

Fostering Nursing Students' Moral Decision-Making Through Use of an Affective Learning Module - Morrill, Deborah; Westrick, Susan J. (Nurse Educator, 2022)
Background: The emphasis on disciplinary and preventive approaches to combating academic misconduct does little to foster student professional identity and core nursing value formation. Problem: There is a need for pedagogy designed to navigate moral decision-making within ambiguous areas of practice as nursing students integrate personal and professional values while becoming a nurse. Approach: Rest's theory of moral development offers a framework for constructing purposeful affective learning activities that operationalize moral sensitivity, judgment, motivation, and character, whereas Krathwohl's theory provides a means to identify affective learning objectives. Offering prelicensure nursing students an opportunity to discuss, reflect on, and consider actions and consequences associated with academic and practice-based situations forms the basis for this affective learning module that fosters connections between academic and professional behaviors of integrity. Conclusion: Rest's theoretical model provides a viable structured approach to moral development. Curriculum designed to engage moral decision-making offers an innovative approach to cultivating student integrity.
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed

CT Fishing Report Occurrences - Hedreen, Rebecca; Grace, Sean (Zenodo, 2021)
Dataset of gamefish occurrences as compiled from the Connecticut Fishing Report (2006-2018) and Trophy Fish Report (2009-2018), both published by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. Compiled as thesis project by Rebecca Hedreen for a Masters of Science in Biology from Southern Connecticut State University, with advisor Dr. Sean Grace.
Keywords: Connecticut; Long Island Sound; coastal fisheries; data collections; dept.bio; dept.lib; estuarine fisheries; fish catch statistics; game fish; geographical coordinates; geographical distribution; sport fishing statistics

Beyond stakeholder engagement in the coastal zone: Toward a systems integration approach to support just transformation of the blue economy - Kelly, Miriah M. Russo (The Geographical Journal, 2022)
Transformation has become a prevailing and desirable concept in blue economy literature. In parallel, researchers have been considering ways to effectively engage stakeholders to support just transformational agendas. Globally, coastal communities are already being affected by the inevitable impacts of climate change and changes to the blue economy. These pressures present complex contexts for coastal zone stakeholder engagement. In this paper, I argue that taking a systems integration approach to interacting with stakeholders is needed to support just transformational change. Assessing stakeholder systems and their relationship to coastal resources is imperative for understanding dynamics that may promote or hinder just transformation. Taking an adaptive management approach to working alongside stakeholders through transitional processes, thus building capacity, is needed to generate momentum toward just transformational change. Lastly, I explain how applications of the subsidiarity principle in integrating stakeholder systems can support a just transformational process and can inform more durable transformational outcomes.
Keywords: blue economy; coastal; dept.egm; just transition; peer-reviewed; stakeholder; systems integration; theoretical model

Probing strangeness canonical ensemble with K−, ϕ(1020) and Ξ− production in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV - STAR Collaboration (Physics Letters B, 2022)
We report the first multi-differential measurements of strange hadrons of K−, ϕ and Ξ− yields as well as the ratios of ϕ/K− and ϕ/Ξ− in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV with the STAR experiment fixed target configuration at RHIC. The ϕ mesons and Ξ− hyperons are measured through hadronic decay channels, ϕ→K+K− and Ξ−→Λπ−. Collision centrality and rapidity dependence of the transverse momentum spectra for these strange hadrons are presented. The 4π yields and ratios are compared to thermal model and hadronic transport model predictions. At this collision energy, thermal model with grand canonical ensemble (GCE) under-predicts the ϕ/K− and ϕ/Ξ− ratios while the result of canonical ensemble (CE) calculations reproduce ϕ/K−, with the correlation length rc∼2.7 fm, and ϕ/Ξ−, rc∼4.2 fm, for the 0-10% central collisions. Hadronic transport models including high mass resonance decays could also describe the ratios. While thermal calculations with GCE work well for strangeness production in high energy collisions, the change to CE at 3 GeV implies a rather different medium property at high baryon density.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Bird Guides (poem) - Sonnenschein, Dana (Thimble Literary Magazine, 2022)
Keywords: dept.eng

Autism and intersectionality: Considerations for school-based practitioners - Sassu, Kari A.; Volkmar, Fred R. (Psychology in the Schools, 2022)
The purpose of this article is to explore the intersectionality of autism and sociocultural factors as well as discuss the complexities associated with appropriate assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. Based on a review of the literature, the authors present a brief history of the emergence of the term autism and highlight factors that have contributed to current concerns about failures to appropriately recognize autism within diverse populations. Referencing extant research as well as professional practice standards, this article examines aspects of autism and intersectionality, and explores some of the associated challenges related to assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. Further, the authors reflect on the critical importance of carefully considering all aspects of a child's identity when engaging in autism assessment and intervention within the school setting. School-based practitioners are provided with guidance for addressing the needs of diverse populations of students with autism.
Keywords: SES; autism; dept.csp; dept.sed; ethnicity; intersectionality; peer-reviewed; race

A Data-Driven Algorithm to Redefine the U.S. Rural Landscape: Affinity Propagation as a Mixed-Data/Mixed-Method Tool - Heumann, Benjamin W.; Graziano, Marcello; Fiaschetti, Maurizio (Economic Development Quarterly, 2022)
This study demonstrates the application of affinity propagation as a data-driven approach to identifying and mapping typologies of place along the urban-rural continuum. The authors characterize Zip Code Tabulation Areas using demographic, economic, land cover, and accessibility to transportation infrastructure, which results in 22 clusters, 15 of which have a major rural component. The spatial pattern of these clusters varies, reflecting the heterogeneity in U.S. rurality. Rural is not a single concept that can be simply defined by population density. By comparing three economic indicators before and after the global financial crisis of 2007 to 2012, the authors find that the degree of economic recovery is captured by rural typologies. They compare both the methodological results and analysis of socioeconomic resilience to two of the most used threshold-based regional typologies, one developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service and one used by the American Communities Project.
Keywords: dept.mgt; peer-reviewed; rural data; rural demography; rural development

Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis from DXA Scan and Retinal Images Using Deep Learning - Al-Absi, Hamada R. H.; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul; Refaee, Mahmoud Ahmed; Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H.; Alam, Tanvir (Sensors, 2022)
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. People affected by CVDs may go undiagnosed until the occurrence of a serious heart failure event such as stroke, heart attack, and myocardial infraction. In Qatar, there is a lack of studies focusing on CVD diagnosis based on non-invasive methods such as retinal image or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In this study, we aimed at diagnosing CVD using a novel approach integrating information from retinal images and DXA data. We considered an adult Qatari cohort of 500 participants from Qatar Biobank (QBB) with an equal number of participants from the CVD and the control groups. We designed a case-control study with a novel multi-modal (combining data from multiple modalities—DXA and retinal images)—to propose a deep learning (DL)-based technique to distinguish the CVD group from the control group. Uni-modal models based on retinal images and DXA data achieved 75.6% and 77.4% accuracy, respectively. The multi-modal model showed an improved accuracy of 78.3% in classifying CVD group and the control group. We used gradient class activation map (GradCAM) to highlight the areas of interest in the retinal images that influenced the decisions of the proposed DL model most. It was observed that the model focused mostly on the centre of the retinal images where signs of CVD such as hemorrhages were present. This indicates that our model can identify and make use of certain prognosis markers for hypertension and ischemic heart disease. From DXA data, we found higher values for bone mineral density, fat content, muscle mass and bone area across majority of the body parts in CVD group compared to the control group indicating better bone health in the Qatari CVD cohort. This seminal method based on DXA scans and retinal images demonstrate major potentials for the early detection of CVD in a fast and relatively non-invasive manner.
Keywords: DXA; Qatar Biobank (QBB); cardiovascular diseases; deep learning; dept.csc; machine learning; peer-reviewed; retina