Exploring gender differences in the relationship between HIV/STD testing and condom use among undergraduate college students - Bontempi, Jean M Breny; Mugno, Raymond; Bulmer, Sandra Minor; Danvers, Karina; Vancour, Michele (American journal of health education, 2009)
Keywords: dept.mat; dept.pch

The signature of the chern coefficients of local rings - Ghezzi, Laura; Hong, Jooyoun; Vasconcelos, Wolmer V (Mathematical Research Letters, 2009)
This paper considers the following conjecture: If R is an unmixed, equidimensionallocal ring that is a homomorphic image of a Cohen-Macaulay local ring, then for any ideal J generated by a system of parameters, the Chern coefficient e1(J) < 0 is equivalent to R being non Cohen-Macaulay. The conjecture is established if R is a homomorphic image of a Gorenstein ring, and for all universally catenary integral domains containing fields. Criteria for the detection of Cohen-Macaulayness in equi-generated graded modules are derived. © International Press 2009.
Keywords: dept.mat; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Leveraging summative assessment for formative purposes. - Vaden-Goad, Robert E (College Teaching, 2009)
The problem of motivation has received a great deal of attention, and many successful approaches have been developed. However, in areas such as introductory college mathematics, students often question their own potential for success. At the first sign of trouble, their fears are confirmed and many of them drop out, formally or informally. If a method could be found to improve persistence, motivational techniques would have an opportunity to succeed. In this article, the author describes a simple method to improve persistence using assessments that are normally already in place. Data are presented indicating that the method improves persistence and achievement. © 2009, Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: classroom assessment; dept.mat; mathematics

On the homology of two-dimensional elimination - Hong, Jooyoun; Simis, Aron; Vasconcelos, Wolmer V (Journal of Symbolic Computation, 2008)
We study birational maps with empty base locus defined by almost complete intersection ideals. Birationality is shown to be expressed by the equality of two Chern numbers. We provide a relatively effective method for their calculation in terms of certain Hilbert coefficients. In dimension 2 the structure of the irreducible ideals-always complete intersections by a classical theorem of Serre-leads by a natural approach to the calculation of Sylvester determinants. We introduce a computer-assisted method (with a minimal intervention by the computer) which succeeds, in degree ≤5, in producing the full sets of equations of the ideals. In the process, it answers affirmatively some questions raised by Cox [Cox, D.A., 2006. Four conjectures: Two for the moving curve ideal and two for the Bezoutian. In: Proceedings of Commutative Algebra and its Interactions with Algebraic Geometry, CIRM, Luminy, France, May 2006 (available in CD media)]. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Almost complete intersection; Birational map; Elimination; Rees algebra; Special fiber; Sylvester determinant; dept.mat

On the fewest nets problem for convex polyhedra - Pinciu, Val (2007)
Given a convex polyhedron with n vertices and F faces, what is the fewest number of pieces, each of which unfolds to a simple polygon, into which it may be cut by slices along edges? Shephard's conjecture says that this number is always 1, but it's still open. The fewest nets problem asks to provide upper bounds for the number of pieces in terms of n and/or F. We improve the previous best known bound of F/2 by proving that every convex polyhedron can be unfolded into no more than 3F/8 non-overlapping nets. If the polyhedron is triangulated, the upper bound we obtain is 4F/11.
Keywords: Computational geometry; Convex polyhedrons; Simple polygon; Upper Bound; dept.mat; ⛔ No DOI found

Guarding the guards in art galleries - Michael, T S; Pinciu, Val (Math Horizons, 2006)
Keywords: dept.mat

A latent class analysis of brand prestige - Prince, Melvin; Davies, Mark (Model Assisted Statistics and Applications, 2009)
Core constructs are necessary as a basis for scale development in brand prestige research. This study examines the theoretical rationale for two such concepts - brand excellence and status conferral - and uses latent class scaling in an empirical test as to whether they are both important independent dimensions of prestige brands. Based on the analysis, these concepts are shown to be consistently present for two brands in two diverse product categories. The research calls into question earlier work on the measurement of brand prestige that was premised on a one-dimensional concept of prestige. Further studies are needed to explore the dimensionality and substantive structure of the brand prestige concept, to confirm or disconfirm findings from this research. © 2009 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Brand excellence; Latent class scaling; Prestige brand; Status conferral; dept.mkt

Qualitative analysis and the construction of causal models - Prince, Melvin; Manolis, Chris; Tratner, Susan (Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 2009)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide a methodology by which qualitative analyses serve as rich source materials for discovery of theoretically cogent interrelations between latent variables. Design/methodology/approach: In an illustrative case, qualitative data are collected from US franchisee managers from a single branded franchise of automotive repair outlets. Qualitative analysis of franchisee experiences and attitudes is critical for construction of a causal model used to predict conflict intensity between franchisee managers and franchisors. Findings: The model is based on franchisees' normative expectations for resource allocation within the franchise; and their perceptions of franchisor normative violations, which are determinative of grievances, distrust, and hostility. This theoretical orientation serves to generate a system of interrelated empirically testable propositions. Research limitations/implications: In principle, the primary limitation of using qualitative analysis for the construction of causal models is the fruitfulness of the theoretical orientation shared by the qualitative analyst and the causal modeler. Practical implications: The methodological approach advanced in this paper advances qualitative research and causal modeling beyond the individual contributions. Qualitative analysis infuses variables and process imagery into causal modeling. In turn, causal modeling elaborates the qualitative analysis and makes explicit logical connections between variables. Originality/value: This paper advances a methodology by which qualitative analysis and causal model construction may be usefully integrated. Theory-based qualitative analysis may be formalized to map latent concepts and their interrelations. Further, operational measures of these concepts may be adduced from the analysis of textual data. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Modelling; Qualitative methods; dept.mkt

A study of hofstede's culture value survey in a post-soviet country - Kustin, Richard Alan (Journal of Transnational Management, 2006)
This research examines the four culture dimensions developed by Hofstede's 1980 and 1983 studies exploring the potential of management-employee conflict. In the present study, employee responses to Hofstede's national culture survey were performed in Belarus, formerly of the Soviet Union, in order to establish a culture score for each of Hofstede's four culture dimensions in a centrally planned economy. The results of the research run counter to some of the stereotypic cultural characteristic expectations, and support others of the cultural values attributable to the Republic of Belarus, an autocratic political and economic state in Eastern Europe. Copyright © by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Belarus; Cross culture; Cultural survey; Culture dimensions; Eastern Europe; Eurasia; Europe; Hofstede; International management; culture; dept.mkt; geographical research; survey

The lobster tale: an exercise in critical thinking. - Stepanovich, Paul L (Journal of Management Education, 2009)
Professors in management and business are encouraged to incorporate critical thinking as an objective in their courses. "The Lobster Tale" provides an opportunity to engage students in various levels of critical thinking, ranging from a relatively superficial reading to an examination of the deeper, often hidden issues. Using the foundations of critical theory and systems theory, the story draws on economics, social theory, philosophy, and other disciplines to present a simplified version of the complexities found in our global environment. It can be used to supplement a variety of courses in the business curriculum and to encourage students to challenge not only assumptions but also conventional wisdom and, perhaps, knowledge itself. © 2009 The Author(s).
Keywords: Affirmative action; Critical theory; Critical thinking; Systems theory; Tragedy of the commons; dept.mgt

The concept of implementing effective learning assessment criteria in a virtual environment - Goralski, Margaret A (Estableciendo puentes en una economía global, Vol. 1, 2008 (Ponencias), ISBN 978-84-7356-556-1, pág. 39, 2008)
Keywords: dept.mgt; ⛔ No DOI found

Aligning health care: quality as a learning system - Goralski, Margaret A; Page, Robert A (Estableciendo puentes en una economía global, Vol. 1, 2008 (Ponencias), ISBN 978-84-7356-556-1, pág. 36, 2008)
Keywords: dept.mgt; ⛔ No DOI found

40 years of academic public psychiatry - ethnicity, mental health care disparities and culturally competent care at the connecticut mental health center - Nazroo, James; Blue, Howard C.; Añez, Luis M.; Paris, Manuel; Hawkins, Dietra; Page, Robert A. (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2007)
Keywords: dept.mgt

Ethnicity, mental health care disparities and culturally competent care at the connecticut mental health center - Nazroo, James; Blue, Howard C; Anez, Luis M; Paris, Manuel; Hawkins, Dietra; Page, Robert A (40 Years of Academic Public Psychiatry, 2007)
Keywords: Community-based prevention efforts; Deinstitutionalization impact; Housing and employment discrimination; Psychotic disorders and unrelenting affective disorders; Third psychiatric revolution; dept.mgt

Role modeling as a pedagogical strategy in entrepreneurship education for women and girls: An interactive model of transformational learning - Oppedisano, Jeannette; Laird, Kenneth R (New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2006)
This article presents a pedagogical model that utilizes students as primary researchers in the identification, interviewing, and then reporting on women entrepreneurs as a major component of a multidisciplinary entrepreneurship course. The purpose of the course is to attract students who may not be familiar with the entrepreneurship concept itself, the role of women in such economic ventures, or the possibilities for people like themselves in such a career avenue. Students are exposed to the accomplishments of women entrepreneurs throughout U.S. history in the broad categories of agriculture and mining; construction; communication; manufacturing; service (both for profit and not-for-profit); transportation; and wholesale and retail trade. This content experience is then enhanced by the studentsʼ own direct interaction with and interviewing of women entrepreneurs. The implementation, potential outcomes, and possible adaptations of the course are described, and this transformational learning process model is illustrated. © Published by DigitalCommons©SHU, 2006.
Keywords: dept.mgt

Exploring virtual librarianship: second life library 2.0 - Hedreen, Rebecca; Johnson, Jennifer L; Lundy, Mack A; Burnette, Peg; Perryman, Carol; van den Brekel, Guus; Jacobson, Jj; Gullett, Matt; Czarnecki, Kelly (Internet Reference Services Quarterly, 2008)
In April 2006, Alliance Library System and Online Programming for All Libraries partnered to start the Second Life Library 2.0 in the online world Second Life and in August 2006 purchased an island on the Teen grid of Teen Second Life. Second Life is a virtual world, a descendant of multiplayer online games. Educational institutions have recently been drawn into Second Life's robust economy and vibrant cultural life. The Second Life Library 2.0 works with librarians from around the world and with other educational partners such as TechSoup, WorldBridges, and the New Media Consortium. Second Life Library 2.0 provides traditional library services such as ready reference, book discussions, and search assistance, but, at heart, it explores what it means to be a virtual library in a virtual world.
Keywords: Library 2.0; Online Collaboration; Online Education; Second Life; Virtual Librarians; Virtual Libraries; Virtual Worlds; dept.lib

Book Review: [Review of Libraries Without Walls 6: Evaluating the Distributed Delivery of Library Services] - Hedreen, Rebecca C. (The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2007)
Keywords: book.review; dept.lib

Teach beyond your reach: An instructor's guide to developing and running successful distance learning classes, workshops, training sessions and more - Hedreen, Rebeeca C. (Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2007)
Keywords: dept.lib

Personalizing information retrieval using task features, topic knowledge, and task product - Liu, Jingjing (International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, 2009)
Keywords: dept.ils

The impact of digital resource and service use on urban residents in new england public Libraries—A survey report - Liu, Yan Quan; Wnuk, Agnes (Public Library Quarterly, 2009)
Today, access to digital information is essential to patrons using public libraries, whether they have contact with computers at home, work or school or whether the public library is their only contact. In order to evaluate and ultimately enhance public library digital resources and services, it is critical for administrators, librarians and digital information architects to recognize the impact their current digital offerings have on users. This study utilizes a survey to gauge the perceptions of patrons who use digital resources and services in six urban New England public libraries as part of ongoing research into digital information access in public libraries in the United States from the perspective of users.
Keywords: Digital divide; Digital libraries; Digital resources; Digital resources services; New England public libraries; Public libraries; Urban libraries; dept.ils; peer-reviewed

Exploiting the social style of patrons to improve their satisfaction with the reference interview - Sisselman, Peggy (Library Review, 2009)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discover whether the social styles of patrons affects their perception (and librarians' perception) of the quality of the reference interview. Also, whether learning to assess social styles of patrons improves perception of the quality of the reference interview. Design/methodology/approach: The researcher observed 24 reference interviews, assessed the social style of each patron using a checklist of behavioral characteristics; both patrons and librarians confidentially filled out a survey to assess the outcome of the reference interview. Findings: It appears that the social style of patrons has some effect on how both librarians and patrons perceive the outcome of the reference interview. There also appears to be a correlation between the librarians' awareness of the social styles of people and the outcome of the reference interview. Practical implications: Literature has not provided any data on how social style theory on the four social styles (analytical, expressive, driver, amiable) could be used to improve the reference interview. Originality/value: Social style theory has been explored in academic settings and in the areas of marketing and sales, but not yet in public libraries. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Customer satisfaction; Individual perception; Interpersonal communications; Reference services; Social dynamics; dept.ils

Enhancing digital information access in public libraries - Ayers, Kathleen; Liu, Yan Quan (2007)
Purpose To explore the impact of public digital library resources on urban residents, to elucidate the current usage patterns of public digital library resources/services and levels of satisfaction with the resources/content in urban digital libraries and make recommendations as to steps that would improve service to this population. Design/Methodology/Approach We conducted an anonymous user-completed survey study of 6 urban libraries to collect demographic and information regarding satisfaction with Digital Library (DL) resource and patterns of use. Findings Our respondents represented a cross section of races, genders, ages, and educational backgrounds. Our results in this much-needed area of study demonstrate that libraries should plan to provide more access, less filtering, regular upgrades, and more training to use the resources. Practical Limitations/Implications Larger studies should be used to follow up this report, in order to be able to obtain a generalized understanding of overall patterns of urban residents using DLs in public settings. Recruitment techniques did not adequately sample potential (but not current) DL users. Originality/Value This study contributes to a scant empirical data set addressing the impact that access to public digital information and services have on urban residents. We offer new data and recommendations that will guide public library administrators in enhancing the impact, efficiency and value of public DL resources/services to improve the digital learning environment for life-long educaiton at all levels in a broad community of urban users.
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found

Developing an integrated public library service in Dongguan, one of China's fastest growing cities - Liu, Yan Quan; Li, Donglai (New Library World, 2007)
Purpose - The purpose of this case study is to explore the construction pattern and issues involved in the development of an urban library service system in China. Design/methodology/approach - This study was conducted through an analytical evaluation of the development of an integrated public service system and its distribution of information among libraries and information centers in an urban community. Findings - Constructing an integrated public service system is an important trend in urban libraries in the new millennium. Drawing from the Dongguan library's integrated public service system that aims to master better various resources from whole service area, this text summarizes technology innovation and the significant results of the Dongguan library system redevelopment, providing an absorbing insight into developments in the Chinese public library service. Originality/value - While the ultimate goal of integration is to provide better services to meet the information-seeking needs of urban residents, it is necessary to meet these needs through a technological breakthrough in the administration of clustered libraries, to instill a central branch system, and to work out the advantages of group service.
Keywords: China; Digital libraries; Library management Public sector organizations; Public libraries; dept.ils

Digital information access in urban/suburban communities: A survey report of public digital library use by the residents in Connecticut - Liu, Yan Quan; Martin, Craig; Roehl, Eileen; Yi, Zhixian; Ward, Sheila (OCLC Systems and Services, 2006)
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of public digital services on urban/suburban residents, to uncover the current usage of public digital services and levels of satisfaction with the digital resources/content in urban digital libraries (networked computers with specific information infrastructure designed free for public use). Design/methodology/approach - A qualitative approach is used as a main stream in the research framework as the method of inquiry. Qualitative one-to-one interviews include surveying users who use public library websites, observing the users, consulting librarians about the users, and interviewing the users. Findings - Provides demographic patterns of the patron's interaction with the digital services public libraries provide, and the satisfaction and compliances the residents have regarding information access through the digital technology in urban/suburban Connecticut. Practical implications - Because of the small number of participants, this study has limitations in being generalized to an understanding of overall patterns of urban residents using digital resources in public settings in the USA or elsewhere, however, it could be a good pilot study for a nation-wide survey with the methods tested. Originality/value - This study helps fulfill the scant empirical attention given to the impact access to public digital information or use of digital library services on the urban/suburban residents, offers new data that help public library administrators enhance the impact, efficiency and value of the public digital library services to improve the digital learning environments for life-long education at all levels in a broad community of urban-suburban users. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Design/methodology/approach; Digital learning environment; Digital libraries; Digital technologies; Information retrieval; Information services; Information studies; Life-long educations; Public libraries; Public library; Qualitative approach; Specific information; Surveys; dept.ils

Sensitivity to sensoriprocessing, self-discrepancy, and emotional reactivity of collegiate athletes. - Kemler, David S (Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2006)
This study investigated how differences between athletes who scored low and high on sensoriprocessing sensitivity apply self-discrepancies and emotional reactions to competitive sporting events. Two hypotheses were proposed: The High Sensitivity group (n = 33) would score higher for anxiety, guilt, and shame, and lower on pride and report more stress attributed to self-discrepancies than the Low Sensitivity group (n = 32) following competitive sports events. Collegiate varsity athletes were administered the High Sensitivity Scale prior to competition and completed the Selves Questionnaire and the Goal Congruent and Incongruent Emotion Scale immediately after competition. Scores for the High Sensitivity Scale were used to separate athletes into high and low sensitivity groups. A multivariate analysis of variance and subsequent univariate analyses indicated that the High Sensitivity group reported higher scores on anxiety, shame, and stress than the Low Sensitivity group. This was interpreted as reflecting differences between both ideal and ought self-discrepancies.
Keywords: *Affect; *Cognition/ph [Physiology]; *Self Concept; *Sensation/ph [Physiology]; *Sports/px [Psychology]; *Universities; Adult; Affect; Awareness; Cognition; Female; Humans; Male; Psychological Theory; Questionnaires; Self Concept; Sensation; Sports; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; adult; affect; article; awareness; cognition; dept.hms; female; human; male; physiology; psychological aspect; psychological theory; questionnaire; self concept; sensation; sport; university

Elder self-neglect and abuse and mortality risk in a community-dwelling population - Dong, XinQi; Simon, Melissa; de Leon, Carlos Mendes; Fulmer, Terry; Beck, Todd; Hebert, Liesi; Dyer, Carmel; Paveza, Gregory; Evans, Denis (JAMA-Journal of the American Medical Association, 2009)
Context Both elder self-neglect and abuse have become increasingly prominent public health issues. The association of either elder self-neglect or abuse with mortality remains unclear. Objective To examine the relationship of elder self-neglect or abuse reported to social services agencies with all-cause mortality among a community-dwelling elderly population. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective, population-based cohort study (conducted from 1993 to 2005) of residents living in a geographically defined community of 3 adjacent neighborhoods in Chicago, Illinois, who were participating in the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP; a longitudinal, population-based, epidemiological study of residents aged ¿= 65 years). A subset of these participants had suspected elder self-neglect or abuse reported to social services agencies. Main Outcome Measures Mortality ascertained during follow-up and by use of the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess independent associations of self-neglect or elder abuse reporting with the risk of all-cause mortality using time-varying covariate analyses. Results Of 9318 CHAP participants, 1544 participants were reported for elder self-neglect and 113 participants were reported for elder abuse from 1993 to 2005. All CHAP participants were followed up for a median of 6.9 years (interquartile range, 7.4 years), during which 4306 deaths occurred. In multivariable analyses, reported elder self-neglect was associated with a significantly increased risk of 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 5.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.20-6.51). Mortality risk was lower but still elevated after 1 year ( HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.67-2.14). Reported elder abuse also was associated with significantly increased risk of overall mortality (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.07-1.84). Confirmed elder self-neglect or abuse also was associated with mortality. Increased mortality risks associated with either elder self-neglect or abuse were not restricted to those with the lowest levels of cognitive or physical function. Conclusion Both elder self-neglect and abuse reported to social services agencies were associated with increased risk of mortality. JAMA. 2009; 302(5):517-526 www.jama.com
Keywords: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cause of Death; Chicago; Cognition; Elder Abuse; Female; Humans; Male; Mandatory Reporting; Parkinson disease; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Risk; United States; Urban Population; abuse; aged; aging; article; cardiovascular disease; cause of death; cognition; cohort analysis; crime; daily life activity; demography; dept.hhs; diabetes mellitus; educational status; ethnic and racial groups; female; follow up; hazard ratio; hip fracture; human; hypertension; informed consent; longitudinal study; major clinical study; male; mandatory reporting; mortality; neoplasm; outcome assessment; physical activity; population based case control study; priority journal; proportional hazards model; prospective study; public health; research subject; risk; self neglect; social work; socioeconomics; statistics; stroke; urban population

Elder self-neglect: A discussion of a social typology - Paveza, Gregory; Weerd, Carla Vande; Laumann, Edward (Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2008)
This article presents a theoretical framework for the study of social and behavioral factors associated with elder self-neglect. The model presented reflects the authors' beliefs that a risk-vulnerability model offers a useful framework from which to study all forms of elder mistreatment, as well as elder self-neglect. This model has particular utility, because it can begin to define the elements of risk and vulnerability that may be addressed using preventative measures as opposed to solely addressing intervention, which is often the case when addressing elder mistreatment and self-neglect. The authors then address a method for using the Consortium for Research in Elder Self-neglect of Texas data as currently constructed and adding to that database to effectively study risks and vulnerabilities in the elder self-neglect population. These additional data would greatly expand the scope of the study. The discussant adds his perspective to the ideas proposed by the authors.
Keywords: Aged; Alzheimer disease; Elder Abuse; Elderly; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Risk Adjustment; Self-neglect; Social Behavior; Social networks; caregiver burden; cognitive defect; conceptual framework; conference paper; daily life activity; data base; depression; dept.hhs; family violence; functional disease; gerontological research; home environment; human; mental disease; peer-reviewed; preventive health service; self neglect; social aspect; social psychology; social support; substance abuse

Assessment of the elderly - Paveza, Gregory (Comprehensive Handbook of Social Work and Social Welfare, 2008)
Keywords: dept.hhs

Emerging market hedge funds: Do they perform like regular hedge funds? - Abugri, Benjamin A; Dutta, Sandip (Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 2009)
In this study, we investigate whether the performance of emerging market hedge funds (EMHFs) follow a pattern similar to that reported for advanced market hedge funds. In contrast to the pre-2007 period, our results for the post-2006 period show that EMHFs exhibit performance patterns similar to those reported for hedge funds that focus on the developed markets. Unlike in the pre-2007 period, EMHFs in general do not exhibit significant exposure to specific asset classes in the post-2006 period. On a risk-adjusted basis, we find that EMHFs do not consistently outperform the benchmarks. The reported performance patterns may provide useful insights to both academics and portfolio managers.
Keywords: Emerging market hedge funds; Hegde funds; Modified Sharpe Ratio; Portfolio performance measures; Risk-adjusted returns; dept.fin

A mentoring model for interactive online learning in support of a technology innovation challenge grant - Graves, Scott M; Abbitt, Jason; Klett, Mitchell; Wang, Changhua (Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 2009)
Keywords: dept.egm; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Human rights and public opinion: from attitudes to action - Hertel, Shareen; Scruggs, Lyle; Heidkamp, C Patrick (Political Science Quarterly, 2009)
Keywords: dept.egm

A land use model of the effects of eco-labeling in coffee markets - Heidkamp, Patrick; Hanink, Dean M.; Cromley, Robert G. (Annals of Regional Science, 2008)
International non-profit organizations have started to implement eco-labeling for credence attributes programs aimed to inform consumers about environmentally sound or “sustainable” production standards for various products. Using coffee labeled as “shade grown” or “bird friendly” as an example, this paper describes the impact such labeling programs may have on local land use patterns in coffee producing regions. Shade grown coffee farms should provide a variety of external benefits, including the preservation of biodiversity, carbon sequestration, the prevention of soil erosion and aquifer recharge. Those externalities, however, are not expected to have observable land use impacts unless they are capitalized in the coffee market. The prospect of market capitalization of externalities suggests the extension of the conventional von Thunen model to the calculation of social location rent. Using the maximization of social location rent as a criterion allows the externality effect to play a direct role in market-based land use allocation of land between eco-labeled shade grown coffee production and other activities.
Keywords: Aves; agricultural market; coffee; crop production; dept.egm; ecolabeling; land use; modeling

Offshore threats: Liquefied natural gas, terrorism, and environmental debate in Connecticut - Harrison, Blake (Annals of The Association of American Geographers, 2008)
Broadwater Energy is one of a number of recent proposals to construct a liquefied natural gas facility along the East Coast of the United States. The proposal calls for the construction of an import and regasification terminal in Long Island Sound, roughly halfway between the states of New York and Connecticut. First made public in 2004 by its sponsors, TransCanada and Shell, the Broadwater proposal has inspired opposition from a range of interest groups. An examination of the Broadwater debate with a focus on arguments made by Connecticut residents in the months leading up to the release in late 2006 of the proposal's Draft Environmental Impact Statement reveals explicit and implicit points of overlap between concerns about the facility's environmental impacts and concerns about its status as a potential terrorist target. Discussions about terrorism deployed in the Broadwater debate have initiated and informed a politics of scale through which themes common to environmental debates have been transformed. This transformation, in turn, highlights the discursive and material influence of terrorism in contemporary U.S. society. Concerns about terrorist attacks have been deployed by activists to enhance the strength of an otherwise environmental debate and, in the process, those concerns have developed the potential to shape land use policy in Long Island Sound. Key Words: environmentalism, liquefied natural gas, Long Island Sound, scale, terrorism.
Keywords: Connecticut; Environmentalism; Liquefied natural gas; Long Island Sound; North America; Scale; Terrorism; United States; container terminal; dept.egm; environmental impact; environmental policy; environmentalism; land use planning; liquefied natural gas; offshore engineering; terrorism

Indian geography: voice of concern - Martin, Geoffrey J. (The Professional Geographer, 2008)
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Transfer of saracha weberbaueri dammer subspecies pallascana bitter, also known as saracha pallascana (bitter) macbride, to jaltomata pallascana (bitter) mione (solanaceae) - Mione, Thomas; Gonzalez, Segundo Leiva; Yacher, Leon (Arnaldoa, 2008)
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

World's rarest bird? The long-whikered owlet of peru - Smith, Dwight G; Yacher, Leon (Arnaldoa, 2008)
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

This grand and magnificent place: The wilderness heritage of the white mountains - Harrison, Blake (Environmental History, 2007)
Keywords: dept.egm

Five new species of jaltomata (solanaceae) from cajamarca, peru - Mione, Thomas; Leiva, G Segundo; Yacher, Leon (Novon, 2007)
Five new suffrutescent to shrubby Jaltomata Schlechtendal species (Solanaceae) of the department of Cajamarca, Peru, are described and illustrated, Jaltomata contumacensis S. Leiva & Mione has a light green, urceolate-tubular corolla and grows in the province of Contumazá between 2530 and 3000 m; J. lanata S. Leiva & Mione has a whitish purple to pale purple, short-tubular corolla and grows in the province of San Pablo between 1850 and 2400 m; J. leivae Mione has a red-violet, urceolate corolla containing red nectar and grows in the province of Contumazá between 2560 and 2650 m; J. oppositifolia S. Leiva & Mione bas a white, broadly infundibular to rotate corolla and grows in province Chota between 2250 and 3090 m; and J. yacheri Mione & S. Leiva has a blue-purple, urceolate corolla and grows in province Hualgayoc at 3460 m. The fruits of two of these species are eaten by people.
Keywords: Edible fruit; Jaltomata; Magnoliophyta; Red nectar; Solanaceae; dept.egm

Tres nuevas especies de jaltomata schlechtendal (solanaceae) del norte del perú - Gonzalez, Segundo Leiva; Mione, Thomas; Yacher, Leon (Arnaldoa, 2006)
Keywords: dept.egm; ⛔ No DOI found

Shopping to save: green consumerism and the struggle for northern Maine - Harrison, Blake (Cultural Geographies, 2006)
Between 2001 and 2003, Roxanne Quimby - then the sole owner of a natural personal-care products company named Burt's Bees - invested millions of dollars of her company's profits in tens of thousands of acres of forestland in northern Maine. Her intention was to donate that land to the United States government on behalf of a controversial national park proposed for the region - the Maine Woods National Park. Quimby's actions set off sharp debates between policy makers, environmentalists and residents of northern Maine. As this article suggests, those debates were informed in part by their association with green consumerism. When consumers purchase `environmentally friendly' products like those made by Burt's Bees, they typically envision their actions as having positive consequences for places associated directly with the production and consumption of that product. In this case, however, profits from a green consumer product were reinvested outside its immediate commodity chain, thereby implicating green-consumer decisions in a politics of identity and landscape control beyond that product's lifecycle. This paper explores that process, suggesting that even the most well-intended consumer choices can carry social and environmental consequences into new and perhaps unexpected terrain. When we shop to save, we can never be quite certain of what it is that we are saving.
Keywords: Apoidea; Maine; North America; United States; consumption behavior; dept.egm; profitability

Art and the transitional object in vernon lee's supernatural tales (review) - Fluhr, Nicole (Victorian Studies, 2009)
Keywords: dept.eng

The letter and the law, or how caroline norton (Re)Wrote female subjectivity - Fluhr, Nicole (Tulsa studies in women's literature, 2009)
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: J. a. burrow, the poetry of praise . (cambridge studies in medieval literature, 69.) cambridge, eng., and new york: cambridge university press, 2008. pp. vii, 196. 90. - Rhodes, Jim (Speculum, 2009)
Keywords: book.review; dept.eng

Book Review: The invention of hugo cabret, brian selznick. scholastic press, new york (2007) - Hochman, Will (Computers and Composition, 2008)
Keywords: book.review; dept.eng

Emotional Expression in Malory's Elaine of Ascolat - Holbrook, Sue Ellen (Parergon, 2007)
Shrieks and complaints, accompanied by body language, contribute markedly to Malory's representation of Elaine of Ascolat's emotionality. Elaine's two shrieks echo Lancelot's and indicate change from sorrow for a wounded beloved to heartbreak when he rejects her. When Elaine is compared with speakers in love lyrics, allegories, and romances, the thoughts in her unarticulated complaints after the pained second shriek may be understood and related to her defence of complaint and perseverance in love despite rejection. Similarly, Elaine's complaint letter, including its overlooked moan to ladies, reflects a state of tranquility and brings about a just resolution.
Keywords: dept.eng

Ethos interrupted: diffusing "Star" pedagogy in creative writing programs - Ritter, Kelly (College English, 2007)
Keywords: dept.eng

Honors college, honors 298: special topics, 3 credits - Charpie, John; Shea, Michael (Honors in Practice,, 2006)
Keywords: dept.eng; dept.hon; ⛔ No DOI found

“Their calling me ‘mother’ was not, i think, altogether unmeaning”: Mary Seacole's maternal personae - Fluhr, Nicole (Victorian Literature and Culture, 2006)
Keywords: dept.eng

Incorporating reflection into business communication service-learning courses: - Mceachern, Robert W (Business Communication Quarterly, 2006)
Keywords: dept.eng

Refuge from crisis: refugee women build political capital - Magno, Cathryn (Globalisation, Societies and Education, 2008)
Keywords: dept.edl

Imaging girls: visual methodologies and messages for girls' education - Magno, Cathryn; Kirk, Jackie (Compare, 2008)
This article describes the use of visual methodologies to examine images of girls used by development agencies to portray and promote their work in girls' education, and provides a detailed discussion of three report cover images. It details the processes of methodology and tool development for the visual analysis and presents initial 'readings' of the selected images. This initial study highlights the relevance of image analysis to the field of gender, education and development and of critical reflection on the different messages and meanings inherent in images of girls and girls' education which relate to complex questions of power and privilege, position and post-coloniality. The authors recommend that within development agencies education and communication specialists work together to develop more sophisticated processes for image selection, review and feedback, and that researchers in the field further engage with visual methodologies to inform current theories of girlhood, education, schooling and empowerment.
Keywords: Education; Girls; Images; Methodology; Representation; dept.edl

Divergent trends in higher education in the post-socialist transition - Magno, Cathryn; Silova, Iveta (International Studies in Education, 2008)
Keywords: dept.edl; ⛔ No DOI found

Teaching in transition: Examining school-based gender inequities in central/southeastern Europe and the former Soviet Union - Magno, Cathryn; Silova, Iveta (International Journal of Educational Development, 2007)
In the last decade, gender equity has become one of the most prominent issues in education reform efforts worldwide. Yet, questions of gender equity have received very little attention in the education reform efforts in the post-socialist countries during the transition period. Focusing on the political, economic, and social changes of the 1990s, this article examines school-based gender equity as it is treated in textbooks, curriculum, teacher attitudes, school environment, leadership and tracking. The article presents gender-sensitive strategies for reform and explores how existing `genderneutral' education practices detrimentally affect gender equity in schools, providing country-specific examples. The article concludes with recommendations for teaching in transition, given the education sphere's strong potential to redress gender inequities. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Education reform; Eurasia; Europe; Gender equity; Post-socialist transition curriculm; curriculum; dept.edl; education reform; equity; gender disparity; gender relations; gender role; peer-reviewed; post-communism; social change; teaching; transitional economy

Multiculturalism in four teacher education programs: for replication or transformation - Ensign, Jacque (Multicultural Perspectives, 2009)
Keywords: dept.edu

Reimagining the school leadership paradigm in a postsocialist context - Magno, Cathryn (European Education, 2009)
Keywords: dept.edu

Econometric analysis of foreign reserves and some macroeconomic variables in Nigeria (1970–2007) - Olokoyo, Felicia O; Osabuohien, Evans; Salami, O Adeleke (African Development Review, 2009)
P¿Countries are showing interest in accumulating foreign reserves to ensure macroeconomic stability. There has been some debate whether to beef up the level of nations' foreign reserves or make it lower, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Whereas some argue that the foreign reserve determines the country's rating in the global market, others hold opposing views. In this light, this paper examined the interactive influence of foreign reserve (FRS) on some macroeconomic variables such as: economic size (GDP); trade; level of capital inflows (KFL); exchange rate (EXR); and inflation. Analyzing secondary data from CBN statistical bulletins (1970-2007), the econometric results obtained from cointegration test, vector error correction (VEC) within the framework of autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) revealed the following: (1) existence of a long-run relationship between the variables and two cointegrating equations; (2) possibility of convergence of the variables from the short run to the long run with slow speed of adjustment. It is thus the conclusion of this paper that accumulation of large foreign reserves is not very productive in Nigeria due to its inability to induce some of the macroeconomic variables.
Keywords: dept.eco; dept.fin

Testing Trade-Off and Pecking Order Models Under Different Institutional Environments - Farhat, Joseph B.; Cotei, Carmen; Abugri, Benjamin A. (SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009)
In this paper, we examine the differences in information asymmetry and financing patterns and a generalized version of the trade-off theory across countries with different institutional environments. We find that firms in Civil law countries have higher information asymmetry, rely more on internally generated funds, and use more short-term debt to finance their financing deficit, relative to those in Common law countries. In both Civil law and Common law countries, factors suggested by the trade-off theory explain the financing deficit coefficient in the generalized version of the trade-off model. Overall, the generalized version of the trade-off theory provides a better explanation for the changes in capital structure relative to the pecking order theory, even in countries with higher information asymmetry.
Keywords: International capital structure; dept.eco; dept.fin; pecking order theory; trade-off theory

The effects of noise and manipulation on the accuracy of collective decision rules - Bodo, Peter (2009)
How do noise and manipulation affect the accuracy of collective decision rules? This paper presents simulation results that measure the accuracy of ten well known collective decision rules under noise and manipulation. When noise is low these rules can be divided into accurate ("good") and inaccurate ("bad") groups. The bad rules' accuracy improves, sometimes significantly, when noise increases while the good rules' performance steadily worsens with noise. Also, when noise increases the accuracy of the good rules deteriorates at different rates. Manipulation delays the effects of noise: Accuracy improvement and deterioration due to noise emerge only at higher noise levels with manipulation than without it. In some cases at high noise levels there is only a negligible difference between the accuracy of good and bad collective decision rules. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Keywords: Accuracy Improvement; Acoustic noise; Collective decision; Collective decision rules; Decision theory; Fluorine containing polymers; Game theory; High noise levels; Higher noise levels; Manipulability; Manipulability of collective decisions; Noise sensitivity; Piezoelectric actuators; Simulation result; dept.eco

Economic liberalization and conditional volatility of exchange rate in sub-saharan africa: asymmetric GARCH analysis - Nandwa, Boaz; Andoh, Samuel K. (African Development Review-Revue Africaine De Developpement, 2008)
For small open economies, an understanding of movements in the exchange rate is imperative in analyzing trade and capital flows. In addition, reliable forecasting of exchange rate volatility is important in risk-taking assessment and investment decision-making, both of which are critical to long-term growth. Using an asymmetric GARCH-type approach, this paper examines the implications of economic liberalization on the stochastic behavior of the exchange rate series in a sample of sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries over the 1970-2004 period. The results indicate that exchange rate volatility is variable, and is less volatile under fixed exchange rate regime (pre-economic liberalization) and higher under flexible regime (post-economic liberalization), that is, it is asymmetric. For most of the countries, the EGARCH and TGARCH models are robust to parameter stability and gives better forecasting performance compared to the standard GARCH model.
Keywords: Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; capital flow; decision making; dept.eco; exchange rate; forecasting method; investment; modeling; parameterization; stochasticity; trade flow; trade liberalization

Empirical relationship between macroeconomic volatility and stock returns: Evidence from Latin American markets - Abugri, Benjamin A (International Review of Financial Analysis, 2008)
Emerging market stock returns have been characterized as having higher volatility than returns in the more developed markets. But previous studies give little attention to the fundamentals driving the reported levels of volatility. This paper investigates whether dynamics in key macroeconomic indicators like exchange rates, interest rates, industrial production and money supply in four Latin American countries significantly explain market returns. The MSCI world index and the U.S. 3-month T-bill yield are also included to proxy the effects of global variables. Using a six-variable vector autoregressive (VAR) model, the study finds that the global factors are consistently significant in explaining returns in all the markets. The country variables are found to impact the markets at varying significance and magnitudes. These findings may have important implications for decision-making by investors and national policymakers. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Emerging markets; Latin America; Macroeconomic volatility; Stock returns; Vector autoregressive model; dept.eco; dept.fin

Predicting us 2001 recession, composite leading economic indicators, structural change and monetary policy - Mostaghimi, Mehdi (The Singapore Economic Review, 2006)
In an attempt to predict a peak in the US economy using a classical statistical decision methodology and a Bayesian methodology and using the 1996 revised composite leading economic indicators (CLI), it is learned that the Bayesian models have generally outperformed the classical statistical ones and, among the Bayesian models, the two using two and three consecutive CLI growth rates are superior in reliability and in accuracy. These two models, however, failed to correctly predict the 2001 recession. In investigating the reasons behind their failures, we learned that: (1) if the concurrent data for the economic structure of 1983-1999 are used for the prediction, they have also been able to predict the 2001 recession correctly, but their overall reliability is not as strong as before; (2) given the overwhelming weight of the monetary policy tools in the CLI-1996 design and the combination of the economic and political events in the year 2000, the less than expected effectiveness of the monetary policy since 2001 has contributed to this failure; and (3) a possible structural change in the US economy since 2000 has also contributed to this prediction failure. © World Scientific Publishing Company.
Keywords: Bayesian analysis; Bayesian probability forecasting; Classical statistical decision theory; Composite leading indicators; Information theory; Monetary policy; North America; Predicting recessions; Structural change; US economy; United States; dept.eco; economic analysis; economic conditions; economic structure; monetary policy; prediction; probability; structural change

Physical volcanology and geological relationships of the jurassic ferrar large igneous province, antarctica - Elliot, David H; Fleming, Thomas H (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2008)
The Ferrar Large Igneous Province forms a linear belt for 3500 km along the Transantarctic Mountains, and as a geochemical province extends into southeastern Australasia. The principal components of the Ferrar are: intrusive - Ferrar Dolerite sills and dikes, and Dufek intrusion; pyroclastic - the Prebble, Mawson and Exposure Hill Formations; effusive - the Kirkpatrick Basalt. In terms of the three dimensional architecture of the Ferrar, a range of "facies" can be recognized in each of the principal components. The Ferrar province was initiated with a major episode of phreatomagmatism leading to formation of tephra cones and associated deposits, and near-surface vent structures. Activity switched to predominantly quiet effusion of alternating thick flood basalt flows and thin pahoehoe lobes and flows. Intrusive bodies were emplaced early, given the occurrence of dolerite clasts in tuff-breccias, but most sills were probably intruded after accumulation of extrusive rocks. Pre-existing rift structures played a major role in controlling the transport and distribution of the Ferrar magmas and the apparent centers of extrusive activity. The associated paleohydrology controlled the eruption styles. © 2008.
Keywords: Antarctica; Basalt; East Antarctica; Ferrar; Ferrar Glacier; Flood basalt flows; Geochemistry; Geochronology; Jurassic; Magmas; Structural geology; Volcanic rocks; Volcanoes; Volcanology; dept.esc; flood basalt; large igneous province; magma; phreatomagmatism; pyroclastic deposit; tephra; volcanology

Lesbian mothers' bids for normalcy in their children's schools - Bower, Laura A; Klecka, Cari L (The Educational Forum, 2009)
Albeit growing in number, lesbian mothers and their children remain a statistical minority in schools. Lesbian mothers in this study described their families as “normal” or “just like any other family.” From the perspective of queer theory, normal is a socially constructed and insidious concept. This study analyzes both the strategies participants used to be recognized as normal in their children’s schools and the reasons such recognition was perceived to be important by participants. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: dept.cur

(Re)Considering normal: queering social norms for parents and teachers. - Bower, Laura A; Klecka, Cari L (Teaching Education, 2009)
Recent debates regarding same-sex marriage and gay and lesbian adoption highlight the role of schools as sociopolitical institutions. Accordingly, teachers operating within social norms have considerable influence through their interactions with students and their families. Previous research points to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) parents' frustrations with their children's schools, particularly as teachers resist representing LGBT families within curricula and fail to intervene when homophobic comments are made. Yet teachers' capacity to embrace diverse family structures while adhering to cultural expectations for teachers remains unexplored. This study, rooted in queer theory, explores the social norms teachers name for parenting in school settings and the way teachers position LGBT parents within these norms. Findings point to social norms for teachers and parents which indicate that teachers operate within heteronormative frameworks. They consider heterosexuality to be normal, while positioning LGBT identities as deviant. This is troubling given documented connections between teacher attitudes and parental involvement and between parental involvement and student achievement. Unchecked, heteronormative practices may result in inequitable school experiences for LGBT parents and their children. Teacher education must minimize heteronormativity through equipping teachers to attend to their own notions and assumptions regarding the intersection of parenting and sexual orientation. © 2009 Taylor & Francis.
Keywords: Teacher socialization; Teacher thinking and knowledge; dept.cur

The Ecology of Education: Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Development and Sustainability - Wensing, E J; Torre, Carlos Antonio (Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 2009)
The Ecology of Education: Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Development and SustainabilityResearch in knowledge systems for sustainable development (KSSD) seeks to determine how science and technology can be put into effective action at a local level. Teachers in education for sustainability attempt to achieve the same goal. KSSD research has indicated that success is context driven, that panaceas are inappropriate and that knowledge systems at best provide solutions in evolution. In this paper, we describe a teaching framework that we are developing to support KSSD researchers and teachers in education for sustainability based in ecology of education. While a need for ecology in education may be apparent, there is concurrently an equally important need for ecology of education. We argue that one cannot teach ecology in education adequately without an appropriate ecology of education. This paper first explains why teachers need to know this and then describes how teachers of education for sustainability can implement and assess this approach in the classroom.
Keywords: dept.cur

An exploration of themes that influence the counselor education doctoral student experience. - Protivnak, Jake J; Foss, Louisa L (Counselor Education and Supervision, 2009)
The purpose of the present study was to explore the themes that counselor education doctoral students perceive as influencing their experience. The results of an exploratory qualitative study in which counselor education doctoral students provided their perceptions of what helped or hindered their progress are presented. Themes identified as both positively and negatively influencing their experiences were departmental culture, mentoring, academics, support systems, and personal issues. Recommendations are provided for counselor educators to consider in their work with doctoral students. © 2009 by the American Counseling Association. All rights reserved.
Keywords: dept.csp

Social competence, social support, and academic achievement in minority, Low-Income, urban elementary school children - Elias, Maurice J; Haynes, Norris M (School Psychology Quarterly, 2008)
Despite living in disadvantaged urban communities experiencing social and economic hardships, many children emerge with positive outcomes. Social-emotional competence and social support were hypothesized to have strong influences on academic trajectories during the critical period of academic skill acquisition. Participants were 282 third-grade students from six elementary schools in a Northwestern urban community. Beyond the importance of prior levels of academic competence, considerable variance in end-of-year academic outcomes was predicted by initial levels of academic social-emotional competence and improvements in social-emotional competence and perceived teacher support over the course of the year. Noteworthy is that findings were strongest for African-American students, but methodological caveats regarding research with underachieving minority youth were discussed. The findings suggest that school psychologists and others designing interventions to improve achievement of disadvantaged students should address social-emotional competencies and classroom climate, especially teacher support of students.
Keywords: academic underachievement; dept.csp; prevention; resilience; social-emotional competence; urban minority youth

Kreativität in der Familientherapie - Lynch, Edward; Lynch, Barbara (Die Kunst der Gestalttherapie: Eine schöpferische Wechselbeziehung, 2006)
Keywords: dept.csp

Hierarchical clustering of distributed object-oriented software systems: a generic solution for software-hardware mismatch problem - El-Raouf, Amal Abd (WSEAS Transactions on Computers archive, 2009)
During the software lifecycle, the software structure is subject to many changes in order to fulfill the customer's requirements. In Distributed Object Oriented systems, software engineers face many challenges to solve the software-hardware mismatch problem in which the software structure does not match the customer's underlying hardware. A major design problem of Object Oriented software systems is the efficient distribution of software classes among the different nodes in the system while maintaining two features: low-coupling and high software quality. In this paper, we present a new methodology for efficiently restructuring Distributed Object Oriented software systems to improve the overall system performance and to solve the softwarehardware mismatch problem. Our method has two main phases. In the first phase, we use the hierarchical clustering method to restructure the target software application. As a result, all the possible clustering solutions that could be applied to the target software application are generated. In the second phase, we decide on the best-fit clustering solution according to the customer hardware organization.
Keywords: Clustering solutions; Computer software selection and evaluation; Customer satisfaction; Design problems; Distributed object-oriented systems; Distributed objects; Distributed systems; Generic solutions; Hier-archical clustering; Hierarchical clustering; Hierarchical clustering methods; Hierarchical systems; Low coupling; Mismatch problems; Object oriented programming; Object oriented software; Object-oriented software systems; Performance analysis; Sales; Second phase; Software Quality; Software applications; Software engineers; Software life cycles; Software restructuring; Software structures; dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Visualizing multidimensional climate model data - DaPonte, John S.; Munhutu, Paidemwoyo (Visual Information Processing XVIII, 2009)
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using simulated data from the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) global climate mathematical model to serve as boundary values for a regional model RM3 which has been used by NASA to make predictions about climate dynamics in West Africa. In the past, historical data has been used successfully as boundary data but this approach limits outcomes to time periods in the past. The advantage of using the UKMO data is its potential to provide input boundary data for future time periods resulting in future regional predictions. This study has provided NASA scientists with graphical and statistical summaries including visual animations that provide qualitative and quantitative information necessary for evaluating whether the UKMO data can be used as a driving force for the RM3 model. One definite conclusion of this investigation is that both spatial and temporal interpolation of UKMO results will be necessary in order to make its results compatible with the RM3 model.
Keywords: Boundary data; Boundary values; Climate dynamics; Climate model; Data processing; Driving forces; Forecasting; Global climate model; Global climates; Historical data; Mathematical models; NASA; Quantitative information; Regional model; Regional model and visual animations; Simulated data; Spatial and temporal interpolation; Statistical summary; Time periods; United kingdom; Visual communication; West Africa; dept.csc

Restructuring distributed object-oriented software using hierarchical clustering - El-Raouf, Amal Abd (2009)
The software restructuring techniques present solutions for the software-hardware mismatch problem in which the software structure does not match the available hardware platform. In Distributed Object Oriented (DOO) systems, software engineers face many challenges to solve the software-hardware mismatch problem. One important aspect of DOO software systems is the efficient distribution of software classes among the different nodes while maintaining low-coupling and high software quality. In this paper, we present a new methodology for efficiently restructuring the DOO software systems to improve the performance and to solve the software-hardware mismatch problem. In our method, we use the hierarchical clustering technique to opt the classes to be grouped together and according to the customer hardware organization, we pick the level of the hierarchy that have the appropriate number of clusters to be allocated to the set of available nodes in the customer distributed system.
Keywords: Computer hardware; Computer software selection and evaluation; Distributed objects; Distributed systems; Hardware; Hardware platform; Hier-archical clustering; Hierarchical clustering; Hierarchical systems; Low coupling; Mismatch problems; Number of clusters; Object oriented programming; Object oriented software; Performance analysis; Re-structuring techniques; Software Quality; Software engineers; Software restructuring; Software structures; Software systems; dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Computer assisted analysis of microscopy images - Sawicki, M; Munhutu, P; Daponte, John S; Caragianisbroadbridge, Christine; Lehman, Ann; Sadowski, Thomas; Garcia, E; Heyden, C; Mirabelle, L; Benjamin, P (2009)
The use of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to characterize the microstructure of a material continues to grow in importance as technological advancements become increasingly more dependent on nanotechnology 1. Since nanoparticle properties such as size (diameter) and size distribution are often important in determining potential applications, a particle analysis is often performed on TEM images. Traditionally done manually, this has the potential to be labor intensive, time consuming, and subjective 2. To resolve these issues, automated particle analysis routines are becoming more widely accepted within the community 3. When using such programs, it is important to compare their performance, in terms of functionality and cost. The primary goal of this study was to apply one such software package, ImageJ to grayscale TEM images of nanoparticles with known size. A secondary goal was to compare this popular open-source general purpose image processing program to two commercial software packages. After a brief investigation of performance and price, ImageJ was identified as the software best suited for the particle analysis conducted in the study. While many ImageJ functions were used, the ability to break agglomerations that occur in specimen preparation into separate particles using a watershed algorithm was particularly helpful 4. © 2009 SPIE-IS&T.
Keywords: Agglomeration; Commercial softwares; Computer aided analysis; Computer-assisted analysis; Data visualization; Electron microscopes; General purpose; Gray-scale; Image processing; Imaging systems; Labor intensives; Microscopy; Microscopy images; Nanoparticles; Open sources; Particle analysis; Particle size analysis; Potential applications; Semiconductor quantum wires; Software packages; Specimen preparation; TEM images; Technological advancements; Tem; Thresholding; Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM); Transmission electron microscopy; Visualization; Water-shed algorithms; dept.csc; dept.phy

Collaboration tools in a one-semester software engineering course: what worked? what didn't? - Lancor, Lisa (Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 2008)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Data analyis system design for lidar experimentation - Sharma, Nimmi C P; Parikh, Jo Ann (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2008)
A web-based lidar experimentation and data analysis system (LEDAS) was developed, with support from a National Science Foundation award, to support resource sharing of lidar equipment, datasets and data analysis routines and collaboration between members of the Connecticut State University System (CSUS) Lidar Collaboratory. The system allows users at different geographical locations to conduct remote sensing research and education over the Web through remote access and control of a single shared lidar system and web-based data analysis. Users need not have any specialized instrumentation or software at their institutions, thereby making real remote sensing research available to students and faculty from institutions which may not have the internal budgets for such facilities. An original structure providing basic functionality was developed and implemented. This paper describes the second generation data analysis system which provides significant new enhancements and capabilities. © 2008 IEEE.
Keywords: Access control; Budget control; Collaboratories; Data analysis; Data analysis system; Data reduction; Education; Geographical locations; Geology; Information analysis; National Science Foundations; Optical radar; Original structures; Remote control; Remote sensing; Resource sharing; Second generation; University system; Websites; dept.csc; lidar

Characterization of nanoparticles by computer imaging particle analysis - DaPonte, J.; Sadowski, T.; Broadbridge, C. C.; Munhutu, P.; Lehman, A.; Krishnamoorthy, D.; Garcia, E. C.; Sawicki, M. S.; Heyden, C.; Mirabelle, L.; Benjamin, P. (Nanomaterials Synthesis, Interfacing, and Integrating in Devices, Circuits, and Systems II, 2007)
Nanoparticles, particles with a diameter of 1-100 nanometers (nm), are of interest in many applications including device fabrication, quantum computing, and sensing because their decreased size may give rise to certain properties that are very different from those exhibited by bulk materials. Further advancement of nanotechnology cannot be realized without an increased understanding of nanoparticle properties such as size (diameter) and size distribution. Frequently, these parameters are evaluated using numerous imaging modalities including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In the past, these parameters have been obtained from digitized images by manually measuring and counting many of these nanoparticles, a task that is highly subjective and labor intensive. Recently, computer imaging particle analysis routines that count and measure objects in a binary image1 have emerged as an objective and rapid alternative to manual techniques. In this paper a procedure is described that can be used to preprocess a set of gray scale images so that they are correctly thresholded into binary images prior to a particle analysis ultimately resulting in a more accurate assessment of the size and frequency (size distribution) of nanoparticles. Particle analysis was performed on two types of calibration samples imaged using AFM and TEM. Additionally, results of particle analysis can be used for identifying and removing small noise particles from the image. This filtering technique is based on identifying the location of small particles in the binary image, assessing their size, and removing them without affecting the size of other larger particles.
Keywords: Atomic force microscopy; Bulk materials; Computer imaging; Device fabrication; Imaging techniques; Nanoparticles; Particle analysis; Quantum computers; Size distribution; Thresholding; Transmission electron microscopy; dept.csc; dept.phy

Application of particle analysis to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) - Daponte, John S; Sadowski, Thomas; Broadbridge, Christine; Day, D; Lehman, A; Krishna, D; Marinella, L; Munhutu, P; Sawicki, M (2007)
Nanoparticles, particles with a diameter of 1-100 nanometers (nm), are of interest in many applications including device fabrication, quantum computing, and sensing because their size may give them properties that are very different from bulk materials. Further advancement of nanotechnology cannot be obtained without an increased understanding of nanoparticle properties such as size (diameter) and size distribution frequently evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the past, these parameters have been obtained from digitized TEM images by manually measuring and counting many of these nanoparticles, a task that is highly subjective and labor intensive. More recently, computer imaging particle analysis has emerged as an objective alternative by counting and measuring objects in a binary image. This paper will describe the procedures used to preprocess a set of gray scale TEM images so that they could be correctly thresholded into binary images. This allows for a more accurate assessment of the size and frequency (size distribution) of nanoparticles. Several preprocessing methods including pseudo flat field correction and rolling ball background correction were investigated with the rolling ball algorithm yielding the best results. Examples of particle analysis will be presented for different types of materials and different magnifications. In addition, a method based on the results of particle analysis for identifying and removing small noise particles will be discussed. This filtering technique is based on identifying the location of small particles in the binary image and removing them without affecting the size of other larger particles.
Keywords: Computer imaging; Flat field correction; Flat field correction and rolling ball background correction; Imaging particle analysis; Imaging systems; Magnification; Microfabrication; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Quantum computers; Rolling ball background correction; Size distribution; Transmission electron microscopy; dept.csc; dept.phy

Comparison of thresholding techniques on nanoparticle images - Daponte, John S; Sadowski, Thomas; Broadbridge, Christine; Day, D; Lehman, A; Krishna, D; Marinella, L; Munhutu, P; Sawicki, M (2007)
Thresholding is an image processing procedure used to convert an image consisting of gray level pixels into a black and white binary image. One application of thresholding is particle analysis. Once foreground objects are separated from the background, a quantitative analysis that characterizes the number, size and shape of particles is obtained which can then be used to evaluate a series of nanoparticle samples. Numerous thresholding techniques exist differing primarily in how they deal with variations in noise, illumination and contrast. In this paper, several popular thresholding algorithms are qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. Initially, six thresholding algorithms were investigated: Otsu, Riddler-Calvard, Kittler, Entropy, Tsai and Maximum Likelihood. The Riddler-Calvard algorithm was not included in the quantitative analysis because it did not produce acceptable qualitative results for the images in the series. Two quantitative measures were used to evaluate these algorithms. One is based on comparing object area the other on diameter before and after thresholding. For AFM images the Kittler algorithm yielded the best results followed by the Entropy and Maximum Likelihood techniques. The Tsai algorithm yielded the top results for TEM images followed by the Entropy and Kittler methods.
Keywords: Algorithms; Atomic force microscopy; Binary images; Maximum likelihood; Nanoparticle; Nanoparticle samples; Nanoparticles; Pixels; Riddler-Calvard algorithm; Thresholding; Transmission electron microscopy; Tsai algorithm; dept.csc; dept.phy

Using Google hacking to enhance defense strategies - Lancor, Lisa; Workman, Robert (2007)
This paper provides a description of how the topic of Google hacking was incorporated into a graduate course on web security which was offered in the Fall of 2005. It begins by providing an overview of Google hacking and describes what it is, how it is used, and most importantly how to defend against it. The paper then describes a series of exercises that students must complete providing them with hands-on Google hacking strategies, techniques and countermeasures. Copyright 2007 ACM.
Keywords: Computer crime; Education; Google hacking; Hacking; Information assurance; Information security; Security of data; Strategic planning; Students; Teaching; Web security; Websites; dept.csc

Performability models for multi-server systems with high-variance repair durations - Schwefel, H P; Antonios, I (2007)
We consider cluster systems with multiple nodes where each server is prone to run tasks at a degraded level of service due to some software or hardware fault. The cluster serves tasks generated by remote clients, which are potentially queued at a dispatcher. We present an analytic queueing model of such systems, represented as an M/MMPP/1 queue, and derive and analyze exact numerical solutions for the mean and tail-probabilities of the queue-length distribution. The analysis shows that the distribution of the repair time is critical for these performability metrics. Additionally, in the case of high-variance repair times, the model reveals so-called blow-up points, at which the performance characteristics change dramatically. Since this blowup behavior is sensitive to a change in model parameters, it is critical for system designers to be aware of the conditions under which it occurs. Finally, we present simulation results that demonstrate the robustness of this qualitative blow-up behavior towards several model variations. © 2007 IEEE.
Keywords: Cluster analysis; Computer software; Mathematical models; Multi-server systems; Performability models; Queueing networks; Remote clients; Repair durations; Robustness (control systems); Servers; Systems analysis; dept.csc

Creating interactive maps using Flash - Workman, Russell W. (Current Developments in Technology -Assisted Education, 2006)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Performance-based modeling and restructuring of object oriented software for pipeline architecture - Abdel-Raouf, Amal; Ammar, Reda A; Fergany, Tahany A (Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2006)
Pipelining is the suitable architecture to adopt applications that are naturally divided into stages. Recently, applications tend to be Object Oriented (OO). Within the context of OO, there are a lot of interactions among different objects that result in many communication activities. Besides the feed-forward communication activities, many bypassing activities are generated in the pipeline structure. In this paper, we present a performance model that analyzes and evaluates the execution and communication times of OO software that runs on pipeline architecture. The model realizes both the feed-forward and the bypassing communication. We utilize the model to restructure the target software to achieve better performance. The restructuring algorithm has two phases; the first phase is concerned with maximizing the throughput. The second phase aims to minimize the latency and fully exploit the system resources. © 2006 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Communication activities; Distributed systems; Feed-forward communication; Object oriented programming; Object oriented software; Performance modeling and analysis; Performance-based models; Pipeline architecture; Pipelines; Restructuring algorithms; dept.csc; distributed systems; object-oriented software; pipeline architecture; software restructuring

COinS for the link trail - Chudnov, Daniel (Library Journal, 2006)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Quantitative confirmation of visual improvements to micro-CT bone density images - Daponte, John S; Clark, Michael R; Nelson, Paul; Sadowski, Thomas; Wood, Elizabeth (2006)
The primary goal of this research was to investigate the ability of quantitative variables to confirm qualitative improvements of the deconvolution algorithm as a preprocessing step in evaluating micro CT bone density images. The analysis of these types of images is important because they are necessary to evaluate various countermeasures used to reduce or potentially reverse bone loss experienced by some astronauts when exposed to extended weightlessness during space travel. Nine low resolution (17.5 microns) CT bone density image sequences, ranging from between 85 to 88 images per sequence, were processed with three preprocessing treatment groups consisting of no preprocessing, preprocessing with a deconvolution algorithm and preprocessing with a Gaussian filter. The quantitative parameters investigated consisted of Bone Volume to Total Volume Ratio, the Structured Model Index, Fractal Dimension, Bone Area Ratio, Bone Thickness Ratio, Euler's Number and the Measure of Enhancement. Trends found in these quantitative variables appear to corroborate the visual improvements observed in the past and suggest which quantitative parameters may be capable of distinguishing between groups that experience bone loss and others that do not.
Keywords: Algorithms; Bone Thickness Ratio; Computerized tomography; Digital filters; Euler's Number; Gaussian filters; Image enhancement; Image sequences; Medical imaging; Optical resolving power; dept.csc; dept.phy

Animating climate model data - Daponte, John S; Sadowski, Thomas; Thomas, Paul (2006)
This paper describes a collaborative project conducted by the Computer Science Department at Southern Connecticut State University and NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Science (GISS). Animations of output from a climate simulation math model used at GISS to predict rainfall and circulation have been produced for West Africa from June to September 2002. These early results have assisted scientists at GISS in evaluating the accuracy of the RM3 climate model when compared to similar results obtained from satellite imagery. The results presented below will be refined to better meet the needs of GISS scientists and will be expanded to cover other geographic regions for a variety of time frames.
Keywords: Animation; Climate model data; Computer simulation; Data reduction; Geographical regions; Imaging systems; Mathematical models; Satellite imagery; Satellites; Simulation math model; dept.csc; dept.phy

Geospatial visualization of student population using Google™ Maps - Podnar, Hrvoje; Gschwender, Adam; Workman, Robert; Chan, Jian (Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 2006)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: Stuttering and related disorders of fluency, third edition, edward g. conture, richard f. curlee (eds.). thieme medical publishers, inc., new york, NY (2007), 372 pp., hardback - Felsenfeld, Susan (Journal of Fluency Disorders, 2009)
Keywords: book.review; dept.cmd

Fundamental frequency and gender identification in standard esophageal and tracheoesophageal speakers. - Bellandese, Mary H (Journal of Communication Disorders, 2009)
UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between fundamental frequency (Fo) and gender identification in standard esophageal (ES) or tracheoesophageal (TE) speakers. Twenty-three male and 20 female ES and TE speakers participated in this study. Recordings of these speakers reading the Rainbow Passage were played to 48 listeners who indicated perceived gender in a forced choice format. Fo was determined using PC-AUDED [Boston University (1991). Using PC-AUDED, Audio-editor and analyses program for the study of periodic segments. Boston: Boston University]. Seventy-nine percent of the speakers were identified correctly for gender. No significant difference was found between the number of male and female or TE and ES speakers identified correctly. A significant correlation was found between Fo and correct gender identification for the female speakers only. Results suggest that Fo plays a part in gender identification for female SE and TE speakers, however, other factors may also be important cues for gender identification in these speakers., LEARNING OUTCOMES: As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to: (1) describe the relationship between Fo and gender identification for male and female standard esophageal (SE) and tracheoesophageal (TE) speakers (2) discuss other variables that may influence gender identification in SE and TE speakers.
Keywords: *Sex Characteristics; *Speech Acoustics; *Speech Perception; *Speech, Esophageal/px [Psychology]; *Trachea; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sex Characteristics; Sound Spectrography; Speech Acoustics; Speech Perception; Speech, Esophageal; Task Performance and Analysis; Trachea; Young Adult; dept.cmd

Conversational Behaviors in Youth with High-functioning ASD and Asperger Syndrome. - Paul, Rhea; Orlovski, Stephanie; Marcinko, Hillary; Volkmar, Fred (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009)
Twenty-nine youth with autism spectrum disorders and 26 with typical development between 12 and 18 years of age were engaged in structured interviews (ADOS). The interviews were videotaped and rated for atypical conversational behaviors by trained raters, using the Pragmatic Rating Scale (Landa et al. Psychol Med 22:245-254, 1992). The ASD group was divided into AS and HFA/PDD-NOS subgroups. Significant differences were found among groups on approximately one-third of the PRS items. These items involved primarily the management of topics and information, reciprocity, intonation, and gaze management. The only differences to reach significance between the AS and HFA/PDD-NOS group were a greater tendency for overly formal speech on the part of the AS group, and more difficulty with gaze management on the part of the group with HFA/PDD-NOS. The implications of these findings for understanding and treating conversational deficits in ASD are discussed., (C) Plenum Publishing Corporation 2009. All Rights Reserved.
Keywords: *Asperger Syndrome/di [Diagnosis]; *Autistic Disorder/di [Diagnosis]; *Interpersonal Relations; *Verbal Behavior; Adolescent; Asperger Syndrome; Asperger Syndrome/px [Psychology]; Asperger syndrome; Autism; Autistic Disorder; Autistic Disorder/px [Psychology]; Child; Conversation; Female; Humans; Intelligence; Interpersonal Relations; Keywords; Language Development Disorders; Language Development Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; Language Development Disorders/px [Psychology]; Male; Pragmatics; Pragmatics Conversation; Speech Acoustics; Speech Intelligibility; Verbal Behavior; Vocabulary; article; autism; behavior; clinical article; controlled study; conversation; dept.cmd; human; juvenile; peer-reviewed; priority journal; rating scale; structured interview; videotape

Self-regulatory problem behaviors in 5-Year old twins with stuttering and high normal nonfluency - Felsenfeld, S.; Van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M.; Boomsma, D. I. (Behavior Genetics, 2008)
Keywords: dept.cmd; ⛔ No DOI found

Language outcomes of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: A two year follow-up - Paul, Rhea; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Cicchetti, Domenic; Volkmar, Fred (Autism Research, 2008)
Thirty-seven children 15-25 months of age received clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and were re-evaluated two years later. All subjects were judged to have retained a diagnosis of ASD at the follow-up evaluation. Communication scores for the group as a whole during the first visit were significantly lower than nonverbal IQ. However, by the second visit, verbal and nonverbal scores were no longer significantly different. The group was divided into two subgroups, based on expressive language (EL) outcome at the second visit. The two groups were similar in the second year of life in terms of expressive communication skills and autistic symptoms, except for a trend toward more stereotypic and repetitive behavior in the worse outcome group. By the second visit, however, the groups differed significantly on all standard measures of expression and reception, as well as on autistic symptomotology and nonverbal IQ. When assessed during their second year, children who ended up in the better outcome group showed higher average nonverbal cognitive level, receptive language (RL) scores, number of sounds and words produced, use of symbolic play schemes, and response to joint attention bids. Regression analysis revealed that the variables for which significant differences between the two outcome groups in their second year of life were found provided significant prediction of EL outcome at age four. Stepwise regression identified RL and presence of stereotypic and repetitive at the first visit as significantly associated with EL outcome. Implications of these findings for early identification and intervention are discussed.
Keywords: Autism; Autistic Disorder; Child, Preschool; Communication; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Language; Language Disorders; Language Tests; Language Therapy; Observer Variation; Questionnaires; Severity of Illness Index; Toddlers; article; autism; dept.cmd; follow up; hospitalization; human; infant; interpersonal communication; language disability; language test; observer variation; preschool child; questionnaire; speech therapy

Production of syllable stress in speakers with autism spectrum disorders - Paul, Rhea; Bianchi, Nancy; Augustyn, Amy; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. (Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2008)
This paper reports a study of the ability to reproduce stress in a nonsense syllable imitation task by adolescent speakers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as compared to typically developing (TD) age-mates. Results are reported for both raters' judgments of the subjects' stress production, as well as acoustic measures of pitch range and duration during stressed and unstressed syllable production. Results reveal small but significant differences between speakers with ASD and typical speakers in both perceptual ratings of stress and instrumental measures of duration of syllables. The implications of these findings for understanding prosodic deficits in ASD are discussed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved.
Keywords: Autism; Prosody; Syllable stress; acoustics; adolescent; adult; article; autism; clinical article; controlled study; dept.cmd; feedback system; female; human; intelligence quotient; male; mental task; motor coordination; pitch; priority journal; school child; speech articulation; speech perception; task performance

Auditory processing disorder - Paul, Rhea (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008)
Keywords: *Auditory Perceptual Disorders/co [Complications]; *Auditory Perceptual Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; *Autistic Disorder/co [Complications]; *Autistic Disorder/di [Diagnosis]; Auditory Perceptual Disorders; Autistic Disorder; Child; Cognition Disorders; Cognition Disorders/co [Complications]; Humans; Male; Speech Perception; audiologist; auditory processing disorder; autism; brain; central nervous system; dept.cmd; ear; editorial; hearing disorder; hearing test; peer-reviewed; priority journal; signal transduction; social interaction; sound transmission; speech

Performance of bilingual speakers on the English and Spanish versions of the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). - Weiss, Deborah; Dempsey, James J (Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 2008)
This study compared the performance of bilingual participants on the English and Spanish versions of the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). The participants were divided into an early bilingual (EB) group and a late bilingual (LB) group based on age of second-language acquisition. All participants acquired Spanish as their first language (L1) and English as a second language (L2). Care was taken to ensure that all participants demonstrated at least a "good competence level" for self-rated speaking, understanding, reading, and writing skills in both English and Spanish. Results revealed superior performance on the Spanish HINT versus the English HINT in both quiet and in noise for both groups of participants. Significant differences in performance were noted for the EB versus the LB participants. A number of possible explanations for superior performance in L1 are provided, and implications for educating students in their L2 are discussed.
Keywords: *Language Tests; *Multilingualism; *Speech Perception/ph [Physiology]; *Verbal Learning/ph [Physiology]; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Bilingual; Child; English as a second language; Female; Hearing; Hearing in Noise Test; Humans; Language Tests; Linguistic competence; Male; Multilingualism; Noise; Regression Analysis; Speech Perception; Speech recognition in noise; Speech recognition in quiet; Students; United States; Verbal Learning; adolescent; adult; article; auditory threshold; bilingualism; controlled study; dept.cmd; education; female; human; language ability; learning environment; linguistics; male; normal human; peer-reviewed; priority journal; school child; self report; signal noise ratio; speech and language assessment; speech intelligibility; speech perception

Eliciting a distal gesture via dynamic assessment among students with moderate to severe intellectual disability - McLaughlin, Katherine; Cascella, Paul W. (Communication Disorders Quarterly, 2008)
This study attempted to elicit distal gestures within dynamic assessment structured sampling events from six children with moderate to severe intellectual disability (ages 8-13). Using four communication temptations and a least-to-most prompting hierarchy across three sessions, three participants who had both pre-symbolic and preintentional communication demonstrated an initial distal gesture, often in response to a choice making temptation. Clinical implications are discussed with regard to the utility of dynamic assessment structured sampling activities. © 2008, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
Keywords: dept.cmd

Differentiating ASD from DLD in toddlers - Paul, Rhea; Chawarska, Katyrzyna; Volkmar, Fred R (Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 2008)
Keywords: dept.cmd

Heritability of Stuttering and Non-Fluency in 5-Year-Old Dutch Twins. - van Beijsterveldt, C.; Felsenfeld, S.; Boomsma, D. (Behav Genet, 2008)
Keywords: dept.cmd; ❓ Multiple DOI

“Listen my children and you shall hear”: Auditory preferences in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders - Paul, Rhea; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Fowler, Carol; Cicchetti, Domenic; Volkmar, Fred (Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 2007)
Purpose: This study tests the hypothesis that toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) will show differences from contrast groups in preferences for attending to speech. Method: This study examined auditory preferences in toddlers with ASD and matched groups of (a) typical age-mates, (b) age-mates with nonautistic developmental disabilities, and (c) younger children matched for language age. The experimental procedure measured time spent oriented to auditory stimuli that were created to exemplify language patterns that had been studied in typically developing infants. Results: Findings suggest that toddlers with ASD show a reduced preference for child-directed speech, compared with typical age-mates, but few differences from children with nonautistic developmental disorders. Correlational analysis revealed that time spent listening to child-directed speech by children with ASD was related to their concurrent receptive language ability as well as to receptive language abilities 1 year later. This relationship did not hold for the other groups. Conclusion: The present study supports the hypothesis that children with ASD perform differently from typical peers in auditory preference paradigms and that performance in these tasks is related to concurrent and later language development.
Keywords: *Attention; *Autistic Disorder/px [Psychology]; *Child Behavior; *Choice Behavior; *Infant Behavior; *Speech Perception; Attention; Auditory comprehension; Autism spectrum disorders; Autistic Disorder; Child Behavior; Child, Preschool; Choice Behavior; Comprehension; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant Behavior; Language Development; Language comprehension; Male; Speech Perception; article; auditory stimulation; auditory system; autism; controlled study; correlation analysis; dept.cmd; developmental disorder; female; human; language; language ability; language development; major clinical study; male; peer group; preschool child; speech; time; toddler

Increasing stroke patients' success in self-medication programs using an interdisciplinary cognitive rehabilitation approach. - Purdy, Mary (Rehabilitation nursing : the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses, 2007)
Rehabilitation programs strive to help patients become more independent in all aspects of daily living. Therefore, management of a patient's healthcare requirements should be an integral part of the rehabilitation program, including management of medications. Some rehabilitation programs implement self-medication programs (SMP); however, patients with cognitive deficits are often excluded. This study explored whether patients with cognitive deficits due to stroke could successfully complete an SMP using an interdisciplinary cognitive rehabilitation approach. Twenty-seven stroke patients and 36 debilitated patients with cognitive deficits participated in an SMP. A nurse and a pharmacist educated patients on their medications, and a speech-language pathologist provided cognitive rehabilitation to the stroke patients, which incorporated information from the SMP. Eighty-one percent of the stroke patients successfully completed the SMP, compared to 36% of the debilitated patients. Thus, an interdisciplinary approach to medication management for cognitively impaired stroke patients holds promise.
Keywords: *Cognition Disorders/rh [Rehabilitation]; *Patient Care Team/og [Organization & Administration]; *Patient Education as Topic/og [Organization & Administration]; *Self Administration; *Stroke/co [Complications]; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Case-Control Studies; Cerebrovascular Accident; Cognition Disorders; Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology]; Cognition Disorders/px [Psychology]; Curriculum; Humans; Length of Stay; Length of Stay/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]; MLCS; MLOWN; Middle Aged; Needs Assessment; Nursing Assessment; Nursing Evaluation Research; Patient Care Team; Patient Education; Pharmacy Service, Hospital; Pharmacy Service, Hospital/og [Organization & Administration]; Problem Solving; Program Evaluation; Rehabilitation Nursing; Rehabilitation Nursing/og [Organization & Administration]; Self Administration; Self Administration/mt [Methods]; Self Administration/px [Psychology]; Severity of Illness Index; Speech-Language Pathology; Speech-Language Pathology/og [Organization & Administration]; Treatment Outcome; aged; analysis of variance; article; case control study; cerebrovascular accident; cognitive defect; curriculum; dept.cmd; drug self administration; evaluation; health care quality; hospital pharmacy; hospitalization; human; length of stay; methodology; middle aged; needs assessment; nursing assessment; nursing evaluation research; organization and management; patient care; patient education; problem solving; psychological aspect; rehabilitation nursing; speech disorder; statistics; treatment outcome

Ratings of communication competence by siblings of persons with Down syndrome - Smith, Sarah E.; Cascella, Paul W. (Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 2007)
This study surveyed 25 siblings of persons with Down Syndrome to gain an ecological perspective about important communication competence indicators. Siblings favorably described persons with Down Syndrome as “effective” and “good” communicators who “communicate to potential. “ Siblings regarded social communication skills as especially important, i.e., being able to communicate without fear, being able to express wants, needs, opinions, and feelings, being able to ask questions, and alerting partners to communication breakdowns. Siblings also regarded language comprehension as an important skill. Favorable descriptive labels were often applied to adult-aged persons with mild ID and normal hearing. Clinical implications are discussed focused on functional communication planning and implementation that takes into account the perspectives of family members, teachers, and rehabilitation personnel.
Keywords: dept.cmd; ⛔ No DOI found

Autism spectrum disorder in the second year: stability and change in syndrome expression - Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Paul, Rhea; Volkmar, Fred (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007)
Objectives: Increasing numbers of young children referred for a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) necessitates better understanding of the early syndrome expression and the utility of the existing state-of-the art diagnostic methods in this population. Method: Out of 31 infants under the age of 2 years referred for a differential diagnosis, 19 were diagnosed with autism, and 9 with pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD- NOS) when reassessed at 3 years. We examined 1) the symptoms of ASD in the second year and changes in the syndrome expression by the age of three; 2) relationship between expert-assigned clinical diagnosis and diagnostic classification based on Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) in the second year; 3) the relationship between direct observation and parental report of ASD symptoms. Results: Symptoms of autism and PDD- NOS in the second year were pronounced and stability of the clinical diagnosis was high. The agreement between clinician-assigned autism but not PDD- NOS diagnosis and the ADOS-G was high. However, sensitivity of the ADI-R diagnostic classification of autism was poor. Comparison of concurrent parental report and direct observation revealed discrepancies in severity ratings of key dyadic social behaviors. Changes in communication reflected acquisition of language accompanied by the emergence of unusual language characteristics. Symptoms of social dysfunction were relatively stable over time, and so was the severity of stereotyped behaviors. Conclusions: The study provides support for stability of clinical diagnosis and syndrome expression in the second year and highlights advantages and limitations of the ADI-R and ADOS-G for diagnosing and documenting symptoms of ASD in infants.
Keywords: ADI-R; ADOS-G; ASD; Assessment; Autism; Autistic Disorder; Child, Preschool; Communication; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Earlydiagnosis; Female; Humans; Infant; Infants; Interpersonal Relations; Language Development Disorders; Longitudinal studies; Male; PDD-NOS; Questionnaires; Social Behavior; Stereotyped Behavior; Toddlers; article; assessment; autism; communication disorder; controlled study; dept.cmd; differential diagnosis; disease severity; early diagnosis; female; follow up; human; infants; language disability; longitudinal studies; longitudinal study; male; observational study; patient referral; pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified; play; preschool child; psychologic assessment; psychological rating scale; sensitivity analysis; social behavior; social disability; social interaction; stereotypy; symptomatology; toddlers

Parental recognition of developmental problems in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders - Chawarska, Katarzyna; Paul, Rhea; Klin, Ami; Hannigen, Sarah; Dichtel, Laura E.; Volkmar, Fred (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007)
Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) begin to manifest during the first 2 years; there is limited evidence regarding type and timing of symptom onset. We examined factors related to parental age of recognition (AOR) of early abnormalities and the association between AOR and diagnosis and levels of functioning at 2 and 4 years in 75 toddlers with ASD. Results suggest significant differences between autism and PDD-NOS in the AOR and type of first concerns. Early social and motor delays as well as maternal age was associated with AOR. Later AOR was associated with poorer social-communicative and nonverbal cognitive functioning at 2 and 4. The findings are discussed in a context of identifying distinct developmental trajectories within the autism spectrum.
Keywords: Age Factors; Age of recognition; Autism; Autistic Disorder; Child, Preschool; Cognition Disorders; Developmental Disabilities; Early Diagnosis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infants; Male; Mass Screening; PDD-NOS; Parents; Recognition (Psychology); Regression; Severity of Illness Index; Social Behavior; article; autism; clinical feature; dept.cmd; developmental disorder; early diagnosis; functional assessment; human; major clinical study; maternal age; motor performance; nonverbal communication; parental attitude; peer-reviewed; preschool child; priority journal; social interaction

Focused stimulation for a child with autism spectrum disorder: A treatment study - Grela, Bernard G.; McLaughlin, Kathryn S. (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006)
This study explored the use of focused stimulation as an intervention technique for a three-year-old boy diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). His parents were trained to use focused stimulation to facilitate comprehension of what is x doing question forms. Responses to question probes were collected at both pre- and post-treatment intervals. At the beginning of the study, the child did not respond correctly to any of the target questions. Following intervention, the child made significant gains towards the target goal, but little change towards a control goal used for comparison. These findings provide preliminary support for the usefulness of focused stimulation as an intervention strategy for at least some children with ASD.
Keywords: Attention; Autism spectrum disorder; Autistic Disorder; Child, Preschool; Comprehension; Early Intervention (Education); Focused stimulation; Follow-Up Studies; Generalization (Psychology); Humans; Imagination; Imitative Behavior; Language Development Disorders; Language Therapy; Male; Natural language procedures; Parent intervention; Play and Playthings; Speech Perception; article; autism; brain function; case report; child parent relation; cognitive therapy; comprehension; dept.cmd; focused stimulation; human; information processing; language; language development; male; peer-reviewed; preschool child; priority journal; questionnaire; statistical significance

Prediction of strategy usage by adults with aphasia - Purdy, Mary; Koch, Amy (Aphasiology, 2006)
Background: Management of aphasia often focuses on training augmentative communication strategies such as communication books, computerised systems, gestures, writing, or drawing. Although many individuals are able to acquire a targeted skill in a structured format, many do not successfully use the trained skill in more functional situations. Training alternative communication strategies can be a time-consuming project; thus, it would be beneficial if speech-language pathologists could predict, a priori, how a patient may respond to this type of treatment approach. It has been hypothesised that use of augmentative communication strategies requires executive functioning, specifically cognitive flexibility, which may be impaired following brain damage. Therefore, assessment of cognitive flexibility may help clinicians determine which persons with aphasia would most likely benefit from training of augmentative communication strategies. Aims: The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of cognitive flexibility and to determine whether this measure predicted strategy usage during a functional communication task. Methods and Procedures: A novel scoring system for the Communicative Abilities in Daily Living (CADL) was developed to capture the degree of participants' cognitive flexibility. This score was correlated with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), to determine the validity of the scoring system. The CADL cognitive flexibility score was then correlated with performance on a referential communication task. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with severity of aphasia as an additional predictor variable. Outcomes and Results: There was a significant correlation between the cognitive flexibility score from the CADL and the WCST, confirming the validity of the scoring system as a measure of cognitive flexibility. Results of the regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the cognitive flexibility score and strategy usage on a functional communication task. This relationship remained significant when the overall severity of aphasia was added to the regression analysis, suggesting that cognitive flexibility is a stronger predictor of strategy usage than severity of aphasia. These results may provide clinicians insight into which individuals would benefit most from the training of compensatory strategies, leading to the development of more appropriate goals and treatment methods.
Keywords: adult; aged; aphasia; apraxia; article; clinical article; cognition; comorbidity; computer assisted tomography; control strategy; coping behavior; dept.cmd; disease association; disease severity; drawing; facilitated communication; fluency disorder; gesture; human; peer-reviewed; prediction; verbal communication; writing

Standardised speech-language tests and students with intellectual disability: a review of normative data. - Cascella, Paul W (Journal of intellectual & developmental disability, 2006)
Background: Before a school speech-language pathologist (SLP) utilises a standardised speech-language test with a student with intellectual disability (ID), the clinician should carefully consider the purpose of the test and whether the test includes students with ID in the normative group. Method: This project reviewed 49 tests published between 1994 and 2004 and their applicability to students with ID. Results: Students with mild ID were included in the norm group for 23 of the tests, but no tests included students with more significant ID. Separate norms for students with mild ID were included in 15 tests, but none met Salvia & Ysseldyke's (1995) suggested requirement that at least 100 students be included to represent a specific subgroup. A majority of the tests assessed receptive and expressive vocabulary, syntax, and grammar but no recent test measured a student's pragmatic communication. Conclusions: Clinicians are encouraged to supplement standardised tests with non-standardised procedures to document students' pragmatic, social, and functional communication abilities. © 2006 Australasian Society for the Study of Intellectual Disability Inc.
Keywords: *Intellectual Disability; *Language Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; *Language Disorders/ep [Epidemiology]; *Language Tests; *Speech Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; *Speech Disorders/ep [Epidemiology]; Humans; Intellectual disability; Language Disorders; Language Tests; Language test; Mental Retardation; Reference Values; Severity of Illness Index; Speech Disorders; Speech test; Student; adolescent; article; child; dept.cmd; diagnostic value; grammar; human; interpersonal communication; linguistics; major clinical study; mental deficiency; social adaptation; social aspect; social status; speech analysis; speech language pathologist; student; systematic review

An electrophysiologic approach to APD - Jirsa, Robert E; Musiek, Frank E (The Hearing journal, 2006)
Keywords: audiology; auditory cortex; auditory discrimination; auditory processing disorder; auditory stimulation; auditory threshold; dept.cmd; electrophysiology; evaluation; hearing acuity; human; hypoacusis; language; neurophysiology; short survey; speech perception; temporal lobe; voice onset time

Management of dysphagia following stroke: A case study - Purdy, Mary (Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders, 2006)
Keywords: dept.cmd

syn-2,4-Bis(4-methoxybenzylidene)-trans-1,3-dithexyl-2,4-diaza-1,3-diboracyclobutane - Lesley, M. J. G.; Pineau, M. R.; Nelson, D. M.; Crundwell, Guy (Acta Crystallographica Section E-structure Reports Online, 2007)
In the crystal structure of the title compound, C28H44B2N2O2, the square-planar B2N2 ring is slightly puckered. One of the thexyl groups exhibits disorder over two positions. The site occupancies for the disordered thexyl groups refined to 0.611 (4) and 0.389 (4). © 2007 International Union of Crystallography.
Keywords: dept.che

Use of subtidal habitat by the asian shore crab hemigrapsus sanguineus in long island sound - Gilman, Michael; Grace, Sean (Northeastern Naturalist, 2009)
Hemigrapsus sanguineus Asian Shore Crab is an introduced but now common crab found intertidally along the Connecticut coastline. Little is known of its subtidal occurrence. This species was found to be seasonally abundant subtidally, at depths varying from 1.33.9 m, during a 2-year study conducted within a commercial marina in Clinton Harbor, CT. Hemigrapsus sanguineus was trapped at three subtidal locations, with highest concentrations observed during the winter. A total of 2020 crabs were caught: 1255 males, 741 females, and 24 crabs that were 9 mm or smaller and sexually indistinguishable. Large males with carapace widths between 4548 mm were captured at all three locations. These sizes are among the largest reported for this species. This work documents year-round use of subtidal habitat by Asian Shore Crab in Long Island Sound.
Keywords: Decapoda (Crustacea); Hemigrapsus sanguineus; dept.bio; peer-reviewed

Abstract A57: Lipid extract from the ostrich fern Matteucia struthiopteris displays potent anti-cancer effects in microtumors from human malignant cell lines via disruption of actin cytoskeleton - Crawford, Sarah; Penarreta, Rafaella; Diamond, Deanna (Cancer Prevention Research, 2008)
Keywords: dept.bio

Tissue organizing structure and therapeutic methods - Crawford, Sarah; Potter, Herbert; Herbert, Tasino (2008)
Keywords: dept.bio; ⛔ No DOI found

Fragmentation of colonial ascidians: Differences in reattachment capability among species - Bullard, Stephan; Sedlack, Betsy; Reinhardt, James F; Litty, Carolyn; Gareau, Keith; Whitlatch, Robert B (Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2007)
Keywords: Ascidiacea; Ascidians; Asexual; Didemnum sp.; Didemnum sp. A; Dispersal; Fragments; Invasive; Reproduction; asexual reproduction; biological invasion; dept.bio; dispersal; invasive species; settling behavior; substrate; vertebrate

Formulations comprising extracts from primitive plant species (mosses, ferns and lichens) to treat and prevent cancers - Crawford, Sarah; Boisvert, Erin (2007)
Keywords: dept.bio; ⛔ No DOI found

Identification of novel cell components designated “tissue organizing structures”* with potential applications in cancer prevention/therapeutics, tissue bioengineering, and gene therapy - Crawford, Sarah; Herbert, Tasino; Potter, Herbert (Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 2007)
Keywords: dept.bio; ⛔ No DOI found

Life history of the northern mayfly Baetis bundyae in Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, Canada, with updates to the list of mayflies of Nunavut - Giberson, Donna J; Burian, Steven K; Shouldice, Michael (Canadian Entomologist, 2007)
Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) were collected from 35 sites (streams and tundra ponds) across southern Nunavut in 2002-2005. Nine mayfly species were previously reported for Nunavut: Acentrella feropagus Alba-Tercedor and McCafferty, Acerpenna pygmaea (Hagen), Baetis bundyae Lehmkuhl, B. flavistriga McDunnough, B. foemina McDunnough, Diphetor hageni (Eaton) (Baetidae), Ephemerella aurivillii (Bengtsson) (Ephemerellidae), Leptophlebia nebulosa (Walker) (Leptophlebiidae), and Metretopus borealis (Eaton) (Metrotopidae). We add 7 species to this list, bringing the total to 16: Ameletus inopinatus Eaton (Ameletidae), Acentrella lapponica Bengtsson, Baetis hudsonicus Ide, B. tricaudatus Dodds, Heptagenia solitaria McDunnough (Heptageniidae), Rhithrogena jejuna Eaton (Heptageniidae), and Parameletus chelifer Bengtsson (Siphlonuridae). Based on numbers collected, the dominant mayfly family was Baetidae. Baetis bundyae was the most common mayfly collected, particularly in coastal areas, where larvae were found in permanent and temporary streams and in small or shallow tundra ponds. Larvae hatched 2-3 weeks after ice-out and developed rapidly in 2.5-4 weeks, emerging as adults by early August. All populations containing larvae that were large enough to sex showed female-biased sex ratios, suggesting parthenogenesis. A combination of freeze-tolerant eggs, good dispersal ability, and probable parthenogenesis is probably responsible for the success of Baetidae across the Arctic. © 2007 Entomological Society of Canada.
Keywords: Acentrella feropagus; Acentrella lapponica; Acerpenna pygmaea; Ameletidae; Ameletus inopinatus; Baetidae; Baetis bundyae; Baetis hudsonicus; Canada; Diphetor hageni; Ephemerella aurivillii; Ephemerellidae; Ephemeroptera; Heptagenia solitaria; Heptageniidae; Leptophlebia nebulosa; Leptophlebiidae; Metretopus borealis; North America; Nunavut; Parameletus chelifer; Rhithrogena jejuna; Siphlonuridae; dept.bio; life history; mayfly; parthenogenesis

The size of the nucleus increases as yeast cells grow - Jorgensen, Paul; Edgington, Nicholas P; Schneider, Brandt L; Rupes, Ivan; Tyers, Mike; Futcher, Bruce (Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2007)
It is not known how the volume of the cell nucleus is set, nor how the ratio of nuclear volume to cell volume (N/C) is determined. Here, we have measured the size of the nucleus in growing cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Analysis of mutant yeast strains spanning a range of cell sizes revealed that the ratio of average nuclear volume to average cell volume was quite consistent, with nuclear volume being ∼7% that of cell volume. At the single cell level, nuclear and cell size were strongly correlated in growing wild-type cells, as determined by three different microscopic approaches. Even in G1-phase, nuclear volume grew, although it did not grow quite as fast as overall cell volume. DNA content did not appear to have any immediate, direct influence on nuclear size, in that nuclear size did not increase sharply during S-phase. The maintenance of nuclear size did not require continuous growth or ribosome biogenesis, as starvation and rapamycin treatment had little immediate impact on nuclear size. Blocking the nuclear export of new ribosomal subunits, among other proteins and RNAs, with leptomycin B also had no obvious effect on nuclear size. Nuclear expansion must now be factored into conceptual and mathematical models of budding yeast growth and division. These results raise questions as to the unknown force(s) that expand the nucleus as yeast cells grow. © 2007 by The American Society for Cell Biology.
Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Cell Nucleolus; Cell Nucleus; Cell Size; DNA content; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Karyopherins; Microscopy, Electron; Mutation; Nuclear Localization Signals; Organelle Size; RNA transport; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Ribosomes; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomycetales; article; cell cycle G1 phase; cell division; cell nucleus; cell volume; dept.bio; fungal cell; fungal strain; fungus growth; leptomycin B; mathematical model; mutant; nonhuman; priority journal; protein transport; ribosome subunit; wild type

The mayflies (ephemeroptera) of new hampshire: seasonality and diversity of the stream fauna - Chandler, Donald S; Whitmore, Greg D; Burian, Steven K; Burger, John F (Transactions of The American Entomological Society, 2006)
Season-long sampling in streams and rivers produced 112 species of mayflies, which with other records totals 121 species for New Hampshire; 88 of these are new state records. Appearance of blackwing/mature larvae were used to develop statements on seasonality of species. Distinct differences were found between the faunas of southern and north-central New Hampshire, with an important factor being water temperatures through the season. A biogeographic analysis coupled with known habitat preferences reinforced the hypothesis that water temperature was a critical factor in determining species distributions in the state.
Keywords: Ephemeroptera; dept.bio

Development of synapses and expression of a voltage-gated potassium channel in chick embryonic auditory nuclei. - Feng, Jane J; Morest, D Kent (Hearing research, 2006)
The potassium channel protein, Kv3.1, is abundantly expressed in the chick auditory pathway. Its b-isoform is found in nucleus magnocellularis, which receives the cochlear input, both before and after the establishment of synaptic connections. It is also present in cell cultures in the absence of any peripheral input. However, the expression of this isoform in the embryo has been shown to increase with development. Here, we address the question of the correlation between maturation of synapses in the auditory pathway and the pattern of expression of the b-isoform in a series of embryos prepared for immunohistochemistry at Hamburger-Hamilton stages equivalent to E10, E12, E14, and E17. We show here that this subunit translocates from the perinuclear cytoplasm to the cell membrane domain in nucleus magnocellularis at the time that cochlear nerve endings emerge as endbulbs of Held (E17). In nucleus laminaris, by this time, while abundant Kv3.1b occurs in the perinuclear cytoplasm, a translocation to the cell membrane domain has not yet occurred, and the mature peri-synaptic localization is delayed to a later stage. This difference suggests a hierarchy in the developmental expression of Kv3.1. An unexpected finding is the expression of the a-isoform of Kv3.1 in astrocytes, especially those which surround the developing nuclei and their connecting fibers. We also report here for the first time the presence of Kv3.1b in the initial segments of axons at the times when they begin to form. Our observations suggest that the Kv3.1 channel protein is regulated through mechanisms linked to the development of synaptic activity.
Keywords: *Cochlear Nucleus/me [Metabolism]; *Olivary Nucleus/ph [Physiology]; *Shaw Potassium Channels/ph [Physiology]; *Synapses/ph [Physiology]; Animals; Astrocyte; Astrocytes; Astrocytes/me [Metabolism]; Astrocytes/ph [Physiology]; Axon initial segment; Chick Embryo; Cochlear Nerve; Cochlear Nerve/em [Embryology]; Cochlear Nerve/me [Metabolism]; Cochlear Nucleus; Cochlear Nucleus/em [Embryology]; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Immunohistochemistry; Kv3.1; Neurons; Neurons/me [Metabolism]; Nucleus laminaris; Nucleus magnocellularis; Olivary Nucleus; Olivary Nucleus/em [Embryology]; Shaw Potassium Channels; Shaw Potassium Channels/me [Metabolism]; Synapses; Translocation; animal tissue; article; astrocyte; auditory nervous system; cell membrane; cellular distribution; chick embryo; chronology; cochlear nerve; controlled study; correlation analysis; cytoplasm; dept.bio; developmental stage; embryo; embryo development; immunohistochemistry; intracellular transport; isoprotein; magnocellular nucleus; maturation; nerve ending; nerve fiber; nervous system development; nonhuman; priority journal; protein content; protein determination; protein domain; protein localization; protein subunit; protein transport; regulatory mechanism; synapse; synaptogenesis; thalamus intralaminar nucleus; voltage gated potassium channel

Theorizing experience: four women artists of color - Whitehead, Jessie L (Studies in Art Education: A Journal of Issues and Research in Art Education, 2008)
Keywords: dept.art

Ceste figure contient tout le royaulme de France. Cartography and national identity in France at the end of the Hundred Years War - Serchuk, Camille (Journal of Medieval History, 2007)
This paper examines a little known map of France made around the middle of the fifteenth century, for a genealogical manuscript of the text known as A tous nobles, conserved today as Bibliothèque nationale de France [BnF] MS fr. 4991. It argues that the map's prominence in the manuscript articulates a notion of French identity based on a bond to the territory of France rather than on fealty to its king. Using other images from the manuscript, it considers the importance of geography to the emergence of French national sentiment at the time of the Hundred Years War. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A tous nobles; Bibliotheque nationale de France MS fr. 4991; Débat des hérauts d'armes de France et d'Angleterre; Evesham Map; Geography; Grandes Chroniques de France; Marcomir; Medieval cartography; National identity; Norman Conquest; Polemical literature; Remanieurs; dept.art

The discursive construction of the german welfare state: interests and institutionality - McGill, Kenneth (Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 2009)
This article consists of an initial theoretical attempt to describe “interests” as widespread social phenomena which emerge specifically from discursive interaction. I focus on the way in which the indexical signaling of discourse participation roles and public/private standings provide key conditions of possibility for the emergence of interests in interactional real time. The case at hand involves the German welfare state, a social institution which is constituted both on the local level of my fieldsite (a working-class suburb of the former East Berlin) and on the national level (through the popular media and through the circulation of laws, policy documents and the like). [Germany, welfare state, interests, indexical orders, institutionality].
Keywords: Germany; Indexical orders; Institutionality; Interests; Welfare state; dept.ant

The causes of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia: A reappraisal of the iron-deficiency-anemia hypothesis - Walker, Phillip L.; Bathurst, Rhonda R.; Richman, Rebecca; Gjerdrum, Thor; Andrushko, Valerie A. (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2009)
Porosities in the outer table of the cranial vault (porotic hyperostosis) and orbital roof (cribra orbitalia) are among the most frequent pathological lesions seen in ancient human skeletal collections. Since the 1950s, chronic iron-deficiency anemia has been widely accepted as the probable cause of both conditions. Based on this proposed etiology, bioarchaeologists use the prevalence of these conditions to infer living conditions conducive to dietary iron deficiency, iron malabsorption, and iron loss from both diarrheal disease and intestinal parasites in earlier human populations. This iron-deficiency-anemia hypothesis is inconsistent with recent hematological research that shows iron deficiency per se cannot sustain the massive red blood cell production that causes the marrow expansion responsible for these lesions. Several lines of evidence suggest that the accelerated loss and compensatory overproduction of red blood cells seen in hemolytic and megaloblastic anemias is the most likely proximate cause of porotic hyperostosis. Although cranial vault and orbital roof porosities are sometimes conflated under the term porotic hyperostosis, paleopathological and clinical evidence suggests they often have different etiologies. Reconsidering the etiology of these skeletal conditions has important implications for current interpretations of malnutrition and infectious disease in earlier human populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 139:109-125, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Keywords: Age Factors; Anemia; Archaeology; Cribra orbitalia; Fossils; History, Medieval; Humans; Hyperostosis; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Orbit; Paleopathology; Porosity; Porotic hyperostosis; Skull; age distribution; cribra orbitalia; dept.ant; diarrhea; erythropoiesis; fossil human; gastrointestinal infection; hemolytic anemia; human; hyperostosis; intestine parasite; iron deficiency anemia; iron intake; malnutrition; megaloblastic anemia; paleopathology; peer-reviewed; porotic hyperostosis; review

Bioarchaeological evidence for a regional pattern of trophy-taking in prehistoric central California. - Andrushko, V. A.; Schwitalla, A. W.; Walker, P. L. (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2009)
Keywords: dept.ant; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

From nothing to something: the appearance and context of the earliest archaeological record - Rogers, Michael J.; Semaw, Sileshi (Sourcebook of Paleolithic Transitions: Methods, Theories, and Interpretations, 2009)
Before 2.6 million years ago (Ma), no archaeological record has been securely documented, and therefore there is no evidence of hominin tool use. Then, at 2.6–2.58 Ma, there is widespread evidence for tool manufacture and use at several archaeological sites, with undisputed stone tools and fossil fauna at Gona, Ethiopia. Additionally, the evidence from the earliest archaeological sites at Gona shows that the earliest stone tool makers were skilled flintknappers and were able to select high quality stone raw materials. The possible reasons behind this seeming abrupt transition from the absence of stone tools to the presence thereof include sampling biases, paleogeographic influences, gaps in the geological record, paleoenvironmental change, and changes in the record of hominin evolution.Based on our observations at Gona, the earliest use of flaked stone tools is likely to be slightly older than 2.6 Ma. These stone tools represent a significant change in behavior that set the stage for subsequent hominin evolution. The paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental evidence points to the earliest use of stone tools in certain settings: usually (but not always) close to raw material sources, and ecotones between riparian woodlands and open grasslands. The earliest stone tool makers were proficient, selective, and flexible in their reduction strategies. The variability we see in Pliocene artifact assemblages has much to do with different raw material sources.
Keywords: Early Stone Age; Gona; Oldowan; Paleoenvironments; Pliocene; Stone tools; dept.ant

The Oldowan-Acheulian Transition: Is there a “Developed Oldowan” Artifact Tradition? - Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael; Stout, Dietrich (Sourcebook of Paleolithic Transitions: Methods, Theories, and Interpretations, 2009)
The phrase “Developed Oldowan” (DO) was originally coined by M. Leakey to describe a technologically “advanced Oldowan” artifact tradition, that preceded the Acheulian Industry. M. Leakey further identified three stages of the DO which she labeled as the DOA, DOB and DOC. The DO (sensu lato) has been generally recognized as transitional to the Acheulian, but the status of the DOB and the DOC remains unclear. In addition to a lack of clarity in terms of classification, the DO also suffers from a lack of secure radiometric dates, even at Olduvai where it was first identified. Despite such shortcomings, archaeologists still assign assemblages into the DO, as supposedly “intermediate” or transitional between the Oldowan and the Acheulian. However, a closer look at the DO assemblages from Olduvai Gorge and other sites in Africa and the Middle East shows that the artifacts assigned into this tradition are not technologically drastically different from the preceding Oldowan. Probably the flaking characteristics of the raw material types (e.g., quartzite and limestone, and to a lesser extent basalt) and the original shape of the cobbles used by hominins may have played a major role in the final shape of the “distinctive” artifact types (such as spheroids/subspheroids) used for assigning assemblages into the DO. Further, both the DOB and the Acheulian appeared ˜1.7 million years ago (Ma) in the archaeological record, making it unlikely that the DO is a transitional artifact tradition that preceded the Acheulian. Our preliminary evaluation of the archaeological record at Gona, Ethiopia and elsewhere suggests a fairly abrupt appearance of the Acheulian after a temporally rapid transition from the Oldowan.
Keywords: Developed Oldowan; Early Acheulian; Oldowan; Oldowan-Acheulian transition; dept.ant

Pliocene animal trackways at laetoli: research and conservation potential - Musiba, Charles M.; Mabula, Audax; Selvaggio, Marie M.; Magori, Cassian C. (Ichnos-an International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, 2008)
Laetoli, a paleoanthropological site in Northern Tanzania, is perhaps best known for its famous fossil hominid footprints that were discovered by Mary Leakey and her co-workers in 1978. The site not only preserves the hominid footprints but also trackways, which provide a snapshot of Pliocene faunal communities from East Africa and their inferred environments. Unlike the hominid footprints at site G, which have received tremendous attention, the animal trackways, especially at Localities 7, 8 and 10 have been neglected and are fast disappearing. In this paper, we discuss animal tracks at a newly discovered exposure and provide preliminary data on the tracks at this exposure and other sites. We also discuss the importance of the animal trackways as ecological indicators, which we have investigated as part of ongoing research and conservation efforts initiated by the Tanzania Field School in Paleoanthropology and the Associated Colleges of the Midwest (ACM) Tanzania Semester Abroad programs.
Keywords: Africa; Animal trackway conservation; Animal trackways; Animalia; East Africa; Hominidae; Laetoli; Paleoecology; Pliocene; Sub-Saharan Africa; Tanzania; anthropology; conference proceeding; dept.ant; footprint; hominid; paleoecology; trackway

Landscape-scale variation in hominin tool use: Evidence from the Developed Oldowan - Braun, David R.; Rogers, Michael J.; Harris, John W. K.; Walker, Steven J. (Journal of Human Evolution, 2008)
The relationship between artifact manufacture, use, and discard in the Developed Oldowan is complex. Here we use digital-image-analysis techniques to investigate the intensity of reduction in single-platform cores of the Developed Oldowan of the Okote Member, Koobi Fora Formation. Data suggest that this method provides a more accurate measure of reduction intensity than previous applications of a unifacial-scraper model. Assemblages of single-platform cores excavated from extensive lateral exposures of the Okote Member provide insights into the relationship between raw-material availability and discard patterns. Variation in reduction intensity suggests that tools are not always discarded in patterns that would be predicted by the availability of raw material. Further, it appears that hominin transport decisions involved an assessment of the potential use-life of certain forms. Many aspects of Developed Oldowan technology conform to previously developed models of curated technologies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Keywords: Curation; Hominin behavior; Landscape archaeology; Oldowan; Pleistocene; Stone Age; Stone tools; dept.ant; hominid; image analysis; peer-reviewed; tool use

Prehistoric trepanation in the Cuzco region of Peru: A view into an ancient Andean practice - Andrushko, Valerie A.; Verano, John W. (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2008)
In this study, patterns of prehistoric trepanation in the southern highlands of Peru were examined through an analysis of 11 Cuzco-region burial sites. Trepanations were found in 66 individuals, with several individuals exhibiting more than one trepanation, for a total of 109 perforations observed. The predominant methods used were circular cutting and scraping-methods that proved highly successful with an overall 83% survival rate and little ensuing infection. Survival rates showed a significant increase over time, apparently reflecting improvements in trepanation technique through experimentation and practical experience. Practitioners avoided certain areas of the cranium and employed methods that reduced the likelihood of damage to the cerebral meninges and venous sinuses. In many cases, trepanation as a medical treatment appears to have been prompted by cranial trauma, a finding that corroborates other studies pointing to cranial trauma as a primary motivation for the surgical procedure.
Keywords: *Skull/su [Surgery]; *Trephining/hi [History]; Cranial trauma; Culture; Cuzco; History, Ancient; Humans; Inca; Paleopathology; Peru; Skull; Skull Fractures; Skull Fractures/hi [History]; Skull Fractures/su [Surgery]; Skull/pa [Pathology]; Treatment Outcome; Trepanation; Trephining; Trephining/is [Instrumentation]; Trephining/mt [Methods]; Wounds and Injuries; Wounds and Injuries/hi [History]; Wounds and Injuries/su [Surgery]; adult; aged; article; controlled study; dept.ant; experimentation; female; head injury; human; human tissue; male; meninx; peer-reviewed; prehistoric period; school child; sinus venosus; skull; surgical technique; survival rate; trepanation

New evidence for hominin carcass processing strategies at 1.5 Ma, Koobi Fora, Kenya - Pobiner, Briana L.; Rogers, Michael J.; Monahan, Christopher M.; Harris, John W. K. (Journal of Human Evolution, 2008)
Reconstruction of early Pleistocene hominin carcass acquisition and processing behaviors are necessarily based at least in part on butchered fossil bones. This paper provides zooarchaeological and taphonomic analyses and behavioral interpretations of three similar to 1.5 million-year-old archaeofaunas from areas 1A and 103 in the Okote Member of the Koobi Fora Formation, northern Kenya: FwJj14A, FwJj14B, and GaJi14. These sites are all located in similar paleoenvironmental contexts, near shallow water with swampy, seasonally flooded areas, and some evidence for more wooded or gallery forest settings. Both individual specimen- and assemblage-level analyses of butchery-marked bones indicate that the hominins appear to have practiced similar butchery strategies at all of these sites, with butchery (defleshing, disarticulation, and marrow extraction) of both high- and low-ranked skeletal elements with no apparent preference for prey size, skeletal region, limb class, or limb portion. Only four tooth-marked specimens, including one likely crocodile-tooth-marked bone, are preserved in all three archaeofaunas. A paucity of limb epiphyses suggests that bone-crunching hyenids may have deleted these portions subsequent to hominin butchery. Strangely, there are no stone tools preserved with the 292 cut-marked and 27 percussion-marked faunal specimens (out of a total of 6,039 specimens), suggesting that raw material availability may have conditioned hominin lithic discard patterns at these locales. These assemblages increase our knowledge of the dietary behavior and ecology of Homo erectus, and provide support for variability in early Pleistocene hominin carcass foraging patterns. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Africa; Alligator; Bone modification; Butchery; Carnivory; Cut mark; Early Stone Age; East Africa; Homo erectus; Kenya; Koobi Fora; Oldowan; Percussion mark; Pleistocene; Rift Valley; Sub-Saharan Africa; Turkana; bone; carnivory; dept.ant; hominid; paleoecology; peer-reviewed; taphonomy

The Star’s first draft: a news organization revises the next narrative of race in post‐apartheid South Africa - Manzella, Joseph C (Culture and Organization, 2008)
Keywords: dept.ant

New homo erectus crania from ethiopia - Simpson, S. W.; Semaw, S.; Quade, J.; Levin, N. E.; Butler, R.; Rogers, M. J.; Holloway, R. L.; Renne, P. R.; Dupont-Nivet, G.; Stout, D.; Everett, M. (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2008)
Keywords: dept.ant; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Cranioplasty in ancient Peru: a critical review of the evidence, and a unique case from the Cuzco area - Verano, John W; Andrushko, V A (International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2008)
Cranioplasty is a well-known procedure in modern neurosurgery. Although some authors have claimed it was also performed by prehistoric trepanners in various parts of the world, there is little hard evidence to support this. Here we review various claims of cranioplasty in Peru, where trepanation was widely practised in Prehispanic times. We find little support for assertions that cranioplasty was common. One recently discovered burial from the Cuzco region, however, provides the first documented case of the reinsertion of a bone plug into a trepanation opening. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords: Cranioplasty; Peru; Trepanation; dept.ant; peer-reviewed

Book Review: janet steele wars within: the story of tempo, an independent magazine in soeharto's indonesia jakarta: equinox publishing, 2005. 368 pp. ISBN 9793780088 - Manzella, Joseph C (Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism, 2007)
Keywords: book.review; dept.ant

Living with multiple languages: multilingualism, identity, and belonging - Ladousa, Chaise (International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2006)
Keywords: dept.ant

Intermediation behavior of the financial superstructure in response to environmental stimuli: theory, issues and further empirical evidence from nigeria - Ezirim, Chinedu B; Muoghalu, Michael I; Emenyonu, Emmanuel (Journal of African Business, 2007)
This paper is an empirical extension aimed at investigating the relationships between the indicators of the financial superstructure and its intermediation environments; and especially how the former responds to the effects of the latter. Intermediation-environmental models patterned after multivariate regression, causality, and partial adjustment models of both linear and log-linear formulations were estimated and analyzed. The results reveal that three environments: socio-political, regulatory, and international finance-exerted significant effects on the intermediation function of the superstructure. Previous intermediation successes ginger up current performance. In the long run, the effects of the environmental factors on the intermediation function of the superstructure, in whatever direction, more than quadruples. In any given year, the Nigerian financial superstructure attains only about 21.9% of desired (optimal) FIR. Given this, it would take about 4-1/2 years for it to adjust its intermediation operations (FIR), in light of the effects of environmental factors, to optimal levels in order to significantly impact the economy as desired. Some consistent behavioral traits were identified from the results to include: the precepts of potential maximization, profit maximization, accommodation principles, survival and cost-minimization principles, and the neutrality axiom. © 2007 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Africa; Eco-financial environments; Environmental Stimuli; Financial Superstructure; Intermediation Behavior; International financial environments; Nigeria; Regulatory environments; Socio-political environments; Sub-Saharan Africa; West Africa; Zingiber officinale; behavioral response; dept.acc; economic structure; empirical analysis; finance; modeling; regression analysis; socioeconomic impact; theoretical study

The role of precollege data in assessing and understanding student engagement in college - Cole, James S.; Kennedy, Marianne; Ben-Avie, Michael (New Directions for Institutional Research, 2009)
Keywords: dept.aa

Quantifying variation in landscape-scale behaviors: The oldowan from Koobi Fora - Braun, D.R.; Rogers, M.J.; Harris, J.W.; Walker, S.J. (New Perspectives on Old Stones: Analyt. Approaches to Paleolithic Technol., 2010)
Studies of stone artifact morphology are beginning to rapidly increase in complexity. While these techniques provide new insights into artifact variation, it is also necessary to insure that these methods provide data that is behaviorally relevant. Here, we provide a new technique that includes three dimensional attributes to calculate platform areas to enhance the prediction of flake area from platform attributes. This data allows the calculation of more precise measures of reduction in large unifacial flake cores in Developed Oldowan assemblages (i.e., Karari Scrapers). Here, we look at measures of curation within these tool types across a landscape scale study. We apply demographic analyses of the degree to which an assemblage can be considered to be curated (i.e., the potential use life of a tool minus the actual use life of a tool). Results suggest that even though there is significant variation within a given paleogeographic setting, a higher frequency of pieces are used to their full potential in areas where raw material is predicted to have been scarce. These data suggest that hominins fulfill some aspects of a neutral model of artifact transport, yet likely make directed movements to transport tools to specific places on the ancient landscape. © 2010 Springer-Verlag New York.
Keywords: dept.ant; ⛔ No DOI found

Feeding relationships: foodways and social networks in a women’s prison - Smoyer, Amy B. (Affilia, 2014)
Research has demonstrated the importance of supportive relationships and social networks to prisoners’ psychosocial outcomes, especially for women. Understandin...
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Dealing food: Female drug users’ narratives about food in a prison place and implications for their health - Smoyer, Amy B.; Blankenship, Kim M. (International Journal of Drug Policy, 2014)
Keywords: dept.swk

Setting the stage: creating study sites that promote the safety and dignity of research participants - Smoyer, Amy B.; Rosenberg, Alana; Blankenship, Kim M. (Social Work Research, 2014)
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) Code of Federal Regulations regarding Protection of Human Subjects (45 C.F.R. part 46) provides guidance
Keywords: dept.swk

Being on the mat: a process evaluation of trauma-informed yoga for women with substance use disorders - Smoyer, Amy (The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 2016)
Yoga practice is associated with positive health outcomes, including benefits related to managing substance use disorders and trauma symptomology. However, low-income vulnerable communities have limited access to yoga. This process evaluation of a trauma-informed yoga program for women with substance use disorders demonstrates the feasibility and utility of using noncertified yoga instructors to offer a basic yoga in community-based agencies. Participants describe outcomes related to relaxation, mindfulness, and movement that are well-aligned with their recovery needs. Study findings suggest the utilization of instructors with minimal training has the potential to expand research about and access to yoga among marginalized communities. © 2016, Western Michigan University. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Evaluation; Qualitative; Substance use; Women; Yoga; dept.swk; ⛔ No DOI found

Hominin exploitation of animal resources at the Gona Plio-Pleistocene archeological sites (Afar, Ethiopia) - Cáceres, Isabel; Rogers, Michael J.; Semaw, Sileshi; Leiss, Amanda C. (CENIEH, Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, 2017)
Keywords: dept.ant; ⛔ No DOI found

The Armenian genocide in film: overcoming denial and loss - Marsoobian, Armen T (The history of genocide in cinema: atrocities on screen, 2017)
Keywords: dept.phi

Cinematic witnessing of the genocide in Bosnia 1992–1995: toward a poetics of responsibility - Pettigrew, David (The history of genocide in cinema: atrocities on screen, 2017)
Keywords: dept.phi

Mapping prison foodways - Smoyer, A.B. (Experiencing imprisonment: research on the experience of living and working in carceral institutions, 2016)
Keywords: dept.swk

Gona - Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael J. (The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology, 2018)
Keywords: dept.ant

Kinematics of stars in the outskirts of the clouds - Casetti, Dana (2019)
I will review recent observations of the kinematics of stars in the outskirts of the Magellanic Clouds and in the Magellanic Stream, and discuss these observations in the context of the interaction of the Clouds with the Galaxy and with each other.
Keywords: dept.phy

Cultural considerations in the care of psychiatric patients: a case study on fright - Green, Cheryl (Journal of National Black Nurses Association, 2019)
Keywords: Cultural Competence; Cultural Sensitivity; Fear; Female; Health Care Delivery; Medicine, Herbal; Multidisciplinary Care Team; Patient Centered Care; Psychiatric Patients; Young Adult; dept.nur; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Calm in Chaos: Prose on Tensions of Hate and Distrust in Society - Green, Cheryl; Green, Joshua William (Westbow Press, 2019)
Keywords: Hate; Poetry; Poetry; Racism; dept.nur; faculty_collection

The Enlightenment of Pew Research Center's Information Management Practice on Academic Library Think Tank Services / 皮尤研究中心信息管理实践对学术图书馆智库服务的启示 - Liang, X.; Liu, Yan Quan (Library & Information, 2019)
Keywords: dept.ils; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Investigation and Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Library Service / 图书馆服务中人工智能技术应用的调查研究 - Yang, Z.; Wang, Y.; Liu, Yan Quan; Qu, Z. (Library/TU Shu Guan, 2019)
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found

Challenging case in clinical practice: S-adenosyl methionine for mood support during corticosteroid therapy - Adimando, Andrea (Alternative and Complementary Therapies, 2020)
Keywords: dept.nur

Cost containment of total knee arthroplasty in the us: DWA analysis on regional cost and clinical comparison between 2010 and 2013 - Ball, Alexandra M.; Yu, Jia (Health, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eco; peer-reviewed

Distinguishing metastatic triple-negative breast cancer from nonmetastatic breast cancer using second harmonic generation imaging and resonance Raman spectroscopy - Bendau, Ethan; Smith, Jason; Zhang, Lin; Ackerstaff, Ellen; Kruchevsky, Natalia; Wu, Binlin; Koutcher, Jason A.; Alfano, Robert; Shi, Lingyan (Journal of Biophotonics, 2020)
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subset of breast cancer that is more common in African-American and Hispanic women. Early detection followed by intensive treatment is critical to improving poor survival rates. The current standard to diagnose TNBC from histopathology of biopsy samples is invasive and time-consuming. Imaging methods such as mammography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, while covering the entire breast, lack the spatial resolution and specificity to capture the molecular features that identify TNBC. Two nonlinear optical modalities of second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of collagen, and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) potentially offer novel rapid, label-free detection of molecular and morphological features that characterize cancerous breast tissue at subcellular resolution. In this study, we first applied MR methods to measure the whole-tumor characteristics of metastatic TNBC (4T1) and nonmetastatic estrogen receptor positive breast cancer (67NR) models, including tumor lactate concentration and vascularity. Subsequently, we employed for the first time in vivo SHG imaging of collagen and ex vivo RRS of biomolecules to detect different microenvironmental features of these two tumor models. We achieved high sensitivity and accuracy for discrimination between these two cancer types by quantitative morphometric analysis and nonnegative matrix factorization along with support vector machine. Our study proposes a new method to combine SHG and RRS together as a promising novel photonic and optical method for early detection of TNBC.
Keywords: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Collagen; Diseases; Factorization; Feature extraction; Female; Harmonic generation; Humans; Label-free detection; Lactate concentration; Magnetic resonance; Mammography; Matrix algebra; Molecular imaging; Morphological features; Morphometric analysis; Nonlinear optics; Nonnegative matrix factorization; Raman spectrometry; Raman spectroscopy; Resonance Raman spectroscopy; Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Subcellular resolution; Support vector machines; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Triple-negative breast cancers; Tumors; breast; breast tumor; dept.phy; diagnostic imaging; female; human; mammography; peer-reviewed; second harmonic generation microscopy; triple negative breast cancer

Responding to Heteronormativity: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Asexual Preservice Teachers’ Dreams and Fears - Bower-Phipps, Laura (Current Issues in Education, 2020)
Heteronormativity, the “privileging of heterosexuality through its normalization” (Jackson, 2006, p. 109), causes confusion and anxiety for many lesbian, gay, bisexual, and asexual preservice teachers as they consider how they will talk about their lives with students. This article explores how preservice teachers have experienced the normalization of heterosexuality and the ways in which these experiences will shape their professional practices. Focus group and follow up interviews with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and asexual preservice teachers were analyzed using a constant comparison method. Findings suggest that participants’ professional vision was largely a response to heteronormativity. They wanted to be out, be role models, and create safe spaces; yet they felt unable to achieve this vision in what they perceived as heteronormative school climates. Implications for teacher preparation programs and policies include the importance of equipping all preservice teachers to identify and disrupt heteronormativity in schools.
Keywords: dept.cur; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Utility, artistry, and narrative control in Herman Melville's "The Bell-Tower" - Ellis, Scott (College Literature, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; peer-reviewed

Behind the transmitter: differences in archival practices between nonprofit and commercial radio stations - Falcone, Michael; Real, B.; Liu, Y. Q. (Journal of Archival Organization, 2020)
Many radio collections within the United States are maintained in more informal program libraries and archives in hundreds of geographically dispersed broadcasting stations throughout the country. To assess the full extent of this problem and real risk posed to station-owned radio collections, this article assesses the results of a survey administered across twenty-seven nonprofit and commercial stations or corporate parent companies. Nonprofit stations, its findings suggest, are more likely to actively maintain their archives and do so in a manner that shows awareness of current archival standards, whereas commercial stations are less likely to exert active stewardship over their collections. © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: Radio; audio preservation; college radio; dept.ils; peer-reviewed; radio archives; radio preservation

Marine heatwaves and the collapse of marginal North Atlantic kelp forests - Filbee-Dexter, K.; Wernberg, T.; Grace, S. P.; Thormar, J.; Fredriksen, S.; Narvaez, C. N.; Feehan, C. J.; Norderhaug, K. M. (Scientific Reports, 2020)
Extreme climatic events including marine heatwaves (MHWs) are becoming more frequent and severe in the Anthropocene. However, our understanding of how these events affect population dynamics of ecologically important species is limited, in part because extreme events are rare and difficult to predict. Here, we quantified the occurrence and severity of MHWs over 60 years in warm range edge kelp forests on both sides of the North Atlantic. The cumulative annual intensity of MHWs increased two- to four-fold during this period, coinciding with the disappearance of kelps. We experimentally demonstrated a relationship between strong and severe 2018 heatwaves and high kelp mortality in both regions. Patterns of kelp mortality were strongly linked to maximum temperature anomalies, which crossed lethal thresholds in both regions. Translocation and tagging experiments revealed similar kelp mortality rates on reefs dominated by healthy kelp forests and degraded sediment-laden algal ‘turfs’, indicating equal vulnerability to extreme events. These results suggest a mechanistic link between MHWs and broad-scale kelp loss, and highlight how warming can make ecosystem boundaries unstable, forcing shifts to undesirable ecosystem states under episodically extreme climatic conditions. © 2020, The Author(s).
Keywords: dept.bio

Fossil Cercopithecidae from the Early Pliocene Sagantole Formation at Gona, Ethiopia - Frost, Stephen R.; Simpson, Scott W.; Levin, Naomi E.; Quade, Jay; Rogers, Michael J.; Semaw, Sileshi (Journal of Human Evolution, 2020)
The Early Pliocene Sagantole Fm. in the Gona Project area, Afar State, Ethiopia, is noted for discoveries of the early hominin Ardipithecus ramidus. A large series of fossil cercopithecid primates dated to between 4.8 and 4.3 Ma has also been collected from these sediments. In this paper, we use qualitative analysis and standard dental and postcranial measures to systematically describe the craniodental remains and tentatively allocate postcrania to taxa where we are able to. We then use these data to compare these specimens to fossil assemblages from contemporary sites, interpret their paleobiology, and discuss implications for the paleoecology of the Gona Sagantole Fm. We recognize three cercopithecid species in the Gona Sagantole Fm. Pliopapio alemui makes up approximately two-thirds of the identifiable specimens; nearly all of the rest are allocated to Kuseracolobus aramisi, and a single molar indicates the presence of a second, somewhat larger but morphologically distinct papionin. Among the Early Pliocene cercopithecids from Gona are also a number of postcranial elements. None of the postcranial remains are directly associated with any of the cranial material. Nonetheless, some of the distal humeri and proximal femora can be tentatively allocated to either Pl. alemui or K. aramisi based on a combination of size, as the latter is approximately 50% larger than the former, and morphology. If these assignments are correct, they suggest K. aramisi was primarily arboreal and similar to most extant colobines, whereas Pl. alemui was more mixed in its substrate use, being more terrestrially adapted than K. aramisi, but less so than extant Papio or Theropithecus. Thus, we interpret the predominance of Pl. alemui over K. aramisi is consistent with a somewhat more open environment at Gona than at Aramis. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Keywords: Animals; Ardipithecus ramidus; Cercopithecidae; Ethiopia; Female; Fossils; Gona; Kuseracolobus; Life History Traits; Male; Paleobiology; Papio; Pliocene; Pliopapio; Primates; Theropithecus; anatomy and histology; animal; cranium; dentition; dept.ant; female; fossil; fossil assemblage; hominid; life history trait; male; paleobiology; paleoecology; peer-reviewed; physiology; qualitative analysis; taxonomy

Impact of enriched environment during adolescence on adult social behavior, hippocampal synaptic density and dopamine D2 receptor expression in rats - Gabriel, Paul; Mastracchio, Toni-Ann; Bordner, Kelly; Jeffrey, Rachel (Physiology & Behavior, 2020)
Environmental enrichment (EE) is one experimental manipulation that induces changes in the brain. However, it is important to distinguish between physical and social components of enrichment. To this end we established four groups of rats reared in different enriched environments during the adolescent period. Our results indicate heightened social memory and increased spine density in dentate gyrus specifically in socially enriched animals. Physical enrichment increased spine density in CA1. Dopamine D2 receptor expression in hippocampus was decreased across all enrichment conditions. Altogether, our results demonstrate differing effects of physical and social enrichment, supporting an important role for environment in synaptogenesis, behavior, and dopaminergic signaling. © 2020 The Authors
Keywords: Adolescence; Animals; Article; Dopamine; Environment; Environmental enrichment; Hippocampus; Memory; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Social Behavior; Social enrichment; Synapse density; animal; animal behavior; animal experiment; controlled study; dentate gyrus; dept.bio; dept.psy; dopamine 2 receptor; dopaminergic transmission; environment; environmental enrichment; female; hippocampal CA1 region; hippocampus; male; memory; nonhuman; peer-reviewed; priority journal; protein expression; rat; social behavior; spine; synapse; synaptogenesis

Temperate urchins clear space for corals - Grace, Sean P; Feehan, Colette (Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2020)
Keywords: Anthozoa; dept.bio; peer-reviewed

Narrative orphaned: When grief overwhelms - Green, Cheryl (Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 2021)
What is known on the subject?: The loss of a parent for an adult can be devastating and can impact other relationships. The adult, in absence of parental love and support, may question their own identity. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: A narrative is used to explain the adults’ experience of parental death and their new identity of being orphaned. What are the implications for practice?: Increased awareness for adults grieving the loss of a parent(s), as to the normalcy of feeling orphaned Adults grieving the death of a parent(s) are provided resources and support in addressing their grieving process. Abstract: Introduction When a parent dies during their child's adulthood, the life of the adult is altered as the familiarity of parental love and safety changes. The isolation and loneliness penetrates deeply as the orphaned adult must now navigate their world in absence of the most significant people in their lives, their parents. Aim To assist persons affected by parental death in understanding the normalcy of feeling orphaned while grieving. Method The use of a personal narrative to provide mental health support to others. Results The resumption of a routine that existed before parental death is possible, but takes time. Intermittent periods of grief can occur throughout one's life. Discussion When grief interrupts one's ability to function daily and the affected adult has relationships impacted by their parent's death, it is recommended that the adult seek mental health treatment. Implications for Practice Narratives can be used with persons affected by parental loss, to provide an example of normal versus complicated grieving and identify when mental health treatment is needed. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Keywords: Adaptation; Adult; Child; Emotions; Grief; Humans; Loneliness; Mental Health; Parents; Psychological; adult; child; child parent relation; coping behavior; dept.nur; emotion; grief; human; loneliness; mental health; peer-reviewed

White paper: Teaching and Learning in nursing - Green, Cheryl (NEPIN: National Education Progression in Nursing, 2020)
Keywords: dept.nur

Application of the Iowa Model, an evidence-based practice model, when initiating clinical project pilots to evaluate how self-care techniques affect simulated nursing performance - Green, Cheryl (SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020)
Keywords: dept.nur

Equity and diversity in nursing education - Green, Cheryl (Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2020)
Retention and development of ethnically diverse nursing students may be more likely to occur when nursing faculty receive training on factors that can impact academic success. By understanding complex school system dynamics in low-income areas, cultural, linguistic, gender, age, religion, and ethnic differences, students’ strengths can be readily recognized, embraced, and encouraged by nursing faculty. When the necessity of equity and diversity is recognized within nursing education, this may potentially translate to retention and completion of nursing programs by nursing students from diverse backgrounds, thereby increasing diversity within the nursing profession. © 2020 Organization for Associate Degree Nursing
Keywords: Diversity; Equity; Nursing education; Nursing faculty; Nursing students; academic success; article; dept.nur; ethnic difference; female; gender; human; human experiment; lowest income group; male; nursing education; nursing student; occupation; peer-reviewed; religion

Can't breathe - Green, Cheryl Ann (Aji, 2020)
Keywords: dept.nur; ⛔ No DOI found

Enough is enough: teaching nurses not to tolerate workplace violence and incivility - Green, Cheryl Ann (Minority Nurse, 2020)
Keywords: dept.nur; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Should nursing be considered a STEM profession? - Green, Cheryl; John, Lori (Nursing Forum, 2020)
Background: The National Science and Technology Council developed a 5-year plan in 2013 to ensure that science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) experienced sustained growth within the United States (US). Nursing is comprised of multiple sciences that include chemistry, physics, biology, microbiology, anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, and the social and behavioral sciences of sociology, developmental lifespan psychology, and psychology. Science, technology, engineering, and math constitute the traditional STEM acronym. Nursing programs graduate nurses with both the rigorous academic coursework and diverse clinical skills necessary to provide patient care. These skills employed by nurses in the clinical setting can serve as the basis for the inclusion of the nursing profession as a STEM-designated profession by the federal government and educational institutions within the US. Problem: Currently, the US government does not acknowledge the profession of nursing as a STEM-designated profession. Acknowledgment of nursing as a STEM profession could potentially make more funding available for nursing education within the US and address nursing shortages both in clinical and academic settings. As well as position professional nurses for careers not only within the health sector but that of business and industry because of nurses’ STEM knowledge. Hence, enhancing the growth of STEM within the US and creating global market economic competitiveness with new innovation development. Approach: In the practice of nursing, nurses apply the sciences, math, and innovative technology in the assessments, diagnoses, and planning of patients’ care. Nurses implement scientifically-based interventions to treat illness and sustain human life and to ultimately evaluate the outcomes of the care provided to patients. Outcomes: Methodologies of evaluation of outcomes of patient care status post nursing interventions (ie, administration of intravenous antibiotics to treat pneumonia) are based upon rationales that have been derived from evidenced-based practice and nursing research; both originating from applied STEM knowledge. Conclusion: The formal designation by the US federal government, for nursing to be recognized as a STEM profession, can increase funding to the nursing profession and enhance the diversity of employment opportunities for nurses in industry and business. Thereby potentially decreasing nursing shortages and bringing national and worldwide recognition to nursing in both academia, industry, business, and clinical settings, as a profession contributing to the science of improvement of the health of all people through STEM knowledge. © 2019 The Authors. Nursing Forum published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Keywords: Humans; Professional Role; STEAM; STEM; Science; classification; dept.nur; education; health care; human; inclusion; innovation; nursing; professional standard; science

COVID-19 elevating the problem of plagiarism: The implied social contract of academic integrity - Gregory, Jess L. (Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 2020)
Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; EDITORIAL boards; ICELAND; dept.edl; ⛔ No DOI found

Using shared digital documents to increase collaboration and engagement - Gregory, Jess L. (Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin: Collegial Exchange, 2020)
Keywords: dept.edl; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

The role of ego threat in professional growth: Fulfilling the ethical intentions of the SEED Model - Gregory, Jess L.; Mebane, Karreem A. (Educational Practice and Theory, 2020)
Schools and education in general have made an implicit and, we would assert, explicit promise to society to educate all the children in their care. Unfortunately, there are achievement gaps that illustrate how schools have broken this promise. Teacher evaluation and other accountability measures have been heralded as the answer to this problem. Educator ego threat impedes the implementation of goal-driven teacher evaluation models and, thus, ethical questions arise. To realize the noble goals of educator evaluation, leaders must attend to ethical concerns and to the human aspects of ego threat.
Keywords: Educational leadership; Ego threat; Goal-setting models; Teacher evaluation; Teacher performance; dept.edl; dept.rec; peer-reviewed

The provision of patron services in Chinese academic libraries responding to the COVID-19 pandemic - Guo, Yajun; Yang, Zinan; Yang, Zhishun; Liu, Yan Quan; Bielefield, Arlene; Tharp, Gregory (Library Hi Tech, 2020)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the measures employed in the provision of patron services in Chinese academic libraries responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, noting the challenges and issues inherent in providing substantial services while undergoing a public health emergency. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses an analytical survey study of 137 Chinese academic libraries using data collected through a combination of website investigation, social media access and direct correspondences. Findings: Over 94% of Chinese academic libraries released COVID-19-related information through their websites; the majority switched their service focus to partly or solely remotely online, including remote access, free electronic resources, virtual references reachable 24/7 and research support services deliverable online; services of print materials were altered to e-books for conveniences. Research limitations/implications: It should be noted that the survey was conducted from February 12 to April 5, 2020; because of the rapid updates to the library's website and social media channels, the status of their patron services are in the process of dynamic changes and that there should be many libraries that have adopted some patron service methods, but this study is difficult to cover comprehensively. In addition, patron services carried out offline by the surveyed libraries but not disclosed on the online platform could not be analyzed in a way that would be consistent with the data provided by the survey. Originality/value: By providing evidence of the current status of patron services in Chinese academic libraries during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study helps fulfill the scant empirical attention given to the impact of nationwide public health crises on academic libraries and offers new data of the best practices that help library administrators enhance the impact, efficiency and value of library services to their target community users. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Academic libraries; COVID-19; China; Patron services; Survey; Virtual services; dept.ils; peer-reviewed

Information Accessibility, How Far Is It?——An Empirical Research of 146 US Urban Public Libraries / 信息无障碍,距离还有多远?——对146家美国城市公共图书馆的调查 - Guo, Y.; Xi, J.; Liu, Yan Quan (图书馆论坛 [Sun Yat-Sen Library of Guangdong Province], 2020)
文章以美国城市公共图书馆协会146家图书馆为调查对象,借助无障碍评估工具WAVE对这些馆网站主页进行测评,逐一开展网站访查和内容分析,统计为残障用户提供服务的情况。调查发现,美国城市公共图书馆网站达到Section 508信息无障碍标准的比例只有15%,“缺少表单标签”“链接图像缺少替代文本”等是常现错误;55%图书馆网站主页有残障用户服务信息。我国公共图书馆应重视信息无障碍建设,遵循信息无障碍标准,定期进行审查与维护,借助信息无障碍技术提供残障服务。
Keywords: dept.ils; ⛔ No DOI found; 信息无障碍; 公共图书馆; 残障用户; 美国; 调查

Using continuous student feedback to course-correct during COVID-19 for a nonmajors chemistry course - Hwang, Candy S. (Journal of Chemical Education, 2020)
The two major impetuses to improve STEM education are the shift to online learning and increasing active learning and engagement. Although the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid shift to online learning, this shift came at the cost of losing on-ground active learning strategies. This study provides descriptive analytical information on the impact of COVID-19 as it relates to student engagement, attendance, and viewership of video-recorded lectures for a nonmajors chemistry course. After the shift online, lecture video views significantly increased and weekly attendance significantly decreased. Prior to the pandemic, on-ground engagement via an active learning activity (i.e., Plickers) was significantly associated with on-ground achievement (i.e., exam 1). However, no significant association was found between online engagement (i.e., written responses/feedback submitted via a learning management system, referred to as LMS student feedback) and online achievement (i.e., final exam), potentially because the engagement resembled a formative assessment more than an active learning activity. Nonetheless, there was tremendous value in soliciting LMS student feedback for directing the course. Throughout the online period, there was an average of 112 responses per assignment, for a total of 1,344 responses, representing roughly a third of the students. Finally, analyses revealed no significant association of on-ground and online engagement, which suggests a different subset of students engaged while on-ground vs online. Instructors should highly consider soliciting weekly feedback through low-stakes assignments to gauge student learning and improve their courses while online. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc.
Keywords: Distance Learning/Self Instruction; First-Year Undergraduate/General; Internet Web-Based Learning; Nonmajor Courses; dept.che; peer-reviewed

A preliminary investigation into collegiate student-athletes’ attitudes towards athletic trainers and sport psychology consultants - Ildefonso, Kenneth; Blanton, Jedediah; Durwin, Cheryl; Arvinen-Barrow, Monna; Kamphoff, Cindra (Journal of Sport, 2020)
To investigate if athletes’ attitudes toward athletic trainers and sport psychology consultants differ considering nature of athletic ability beliefs and previous experiences with these professionals; collegiate student-athletes (n = 114 male, n = 81 female, M age = 19.77, SD = 1.43) completed the Conceptions of the Nature of Athletic Ability Questionnaire-2 (Biddle, Wang, Chatzisarantis, & Spray, 2003), Attitudes Toward Athletic Trainers-Form (modified from the Attitudes toward Physiotherapist-Form; Arvinen-Barrow, Clement, & Bayes, 2012), and the Sport Psychology Attitudes Revised-Form (Martin, Kellman, Lavallee, & Page, 2002). Multiple analyses of variance revealed small statistically significant mean differences in attitudes considering ability beliefs, previous athletic training, and sport psychology experiences. Athletes with previous athletic training experience were less confident in their athletic trainer than those without such experience. In contrast, athletes with previous sport psychology experience were more confident in their consultant than those without such experiences. Results suggest athletes’ attitudes towards helping professionals may be partially influenced by subjective norms and expectations about the nature of such relationships.
Keywords: dept.psy; peer-reviewed

Genomic diversity of bacteriophages infecting Microbacterium spp. - Jacobs-Sera, Deborah; Abad, Lawrence A; Alvey, Richard M; Anders, Kirk R; Aull, Haley G; Bhalla, Suparna S; Blumer, Lawrence S; Bollivar, David W; Bonilla, J Alfred; Butela, Kristen A; Coomans, Roy J; Cresawn, Steven G; et al. (PloS one, 2020)
The bacteriophage population is vast, dynamic, old, and genetically diverse. The genomics of phages that infect bacterial hosts in the phylum Actinobacteria show them to not only be diverse but also pervasively mosaic, and replete with genes of unknown function. To further explore this broad group of bacteriophages, we describe here the isolation and genomic characterization of 116 phages that infect Microbacterium spp. Most of the phages are lytic, and can be grouped into twelve clusters according to their overall relatedness; seven of the phages are singletons with no close relatives. Genome sizes vary from 17.3 kbp to 97.7 kbp, and their G+C% content ranges from 51.4% to 71.4%, compared to ~67% for their Microbacterium hosts. The phages were isolated on five different Microbacterium species, but typically do not efficiently infect strains beyond the one on which they were isolated. These Microbacterium phages contain many novel features, including very large viral genes (13.5 kbp) and unusual fusions of structural proteins, including a fusion of VIP2 toxin and a MuF-like protein into a single gene. These phages and their genetic components such as integration systems, recombineering tools, and phage-mediated delivery systems, will be useful resources for advancing Microbacterium genetics.
Keywords: *Actinobacteria/vi [Virology]; *Bacteriophages/ge [Genetics]; *Genetic Variation; *Genome, Viral; Actinobacteria; Article; Bacteriophages; Bacteriophages/cl [Classification]; Bacteriophages/ip [Isolation & Purification]; Base Composition; DNA base composition; DNA, Viral; DNA, Viral/ge [Genetics]; Genes, Viral; Genetic Variation; Genome, Viral; Genomics; Microbacterium; MuF like protein; Phylogeny; VIP2 toxin; Viral Fusion Proteins; Viral Fusion Proteins/ge [Genetics]; bacterial genome; bacterial strain; bacterial toxin; bacteriophage; capsid protein; classification; comparative genomics; controlled study; dept.bio; fusion protein; gene sequence; genetic variability; genetic variation; genetics; genome size; genomics; isolation and purification; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; peer-reviewed; phylogeny; unclassified drug; virology; virus DNA; virus fusion protein; virus gene; virus genome; virus infection; virus isolation

"Train & Pool," “The Colonel Takes a Position," "Summer Almanac," "Cloud Study," "Light, A Reagent," Author's Statement: "Writing, For and To" - Johnson, Brian (Parhelion, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

"Asides" and "Household" - Johnson, Brian (Court Green, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

Maple Street, London (1915) - Johnson, Brian (The Ekphrastic Review, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

Rhubarb Leaf - Johnson, Brian (great weather for MEDIA, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Tour - Johnson, Brian (The Main Street Rag, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: Lisa M.Sullivan and SandroGaleo, eds. 2019. Teaching Public Health. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. $46.49. pp. 352. ISBN: 9781421429809. - Jung, Betty C. (World Medical & Health Policy, 2020)
Keywords: book review; book.review; dept.pch

Genetically modified crops’ environmental impact and trust in eco-labels - Kwak, Lynn E.; Yoon, Sang Won; Kim, Younjun (Australasian Marketing Journal, 2020)
The U.S. Department of Agriculture expects companies to disclose genetically modified (GM) ingredients in foods and beverages by January 2022. While food companies fear that the stigma of GM labels could cause GM food sales to decline, eco-labeling could lessen the impact of GM-labeling. The results of the present research indicate that neither the eco-labeling alone nor the eco-labeling accompanied by information about the environmental benefits of GM crops influence consumers’ willingness to buy. Based on the mediation analysis, however, trust of eco-labels mediates the relationship between GM foods’ environmental friendliness information and consumers’ willingness to buy eco-labeled GM food. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. © 2020
Keywords: Eco-labeling; Genetically modified (GM) foods; Trust; Willingness to buy; dept.eco; dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Paleoenvironmental changes during the last 6 million years at Gona, Afar Region, Ethiopia - Levin, Naomi E; Simpson, S.; Rogers, Michael J.; Semaw, S. (African Paleoecology and Human Evolution, 2020)
Keywords: dept.ant

The threat from the east - Paddock, Troy (The Central Powers in Russia's Great War and Revolution, 1914-22: enemy visions and encounters, 2020)
"This multiauthor collection of essays analyzes Russia's Great War and Revolution from the perspective of the Central Powers and their encounters with Russia and the Revolution. The peoples of the Central Powers, from elites to civilians, understood the violent clash of armies in a variety of ways. Essays highlight the variety of military and civilian experiences and deal with topics of how soldiers, civilians, and intellectuals perceived Russia and how these understandings translated into security goals, utopian plans for conquered territories, and interethnic violence."--
Keywords: 1894-1917; 20th century; Central Powers (1914-1918); Europe, Eastern; Historiography; History; History, Military; Politics and government; Revolution, 1917-1921; Russia; Soviet Union; World War, 1914-1918; dept.his

W. D. Howells, William James, and the pragmatist pluralism of “The Angel of the Lord” - Petrie, Paul (American Literary Realism, 2020)
Keywords: dept.eng

Mandate interrupted: the problematic legacy of the international criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia - Pettigrew, David (Washington University Global Studies Law Review, 2020)
Keywords: dept.phi; ⛔ No DOI found

Domestic Product Involvement and Consumer Willingness to Buy Domestic Products: Empirical Testing of a Cognitive Consistency Theory Framework - Prince, Melvin (Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 2020)
This study investigates biases affecting domestic products willingness to buy (WTB). An interdisciplinary perspective uses the cognitive consistency theory as the framework for the development of a new model. The model includes domestic product involvement (DPI). The impact on WTB is predicted by consumer ethnocentrism, and product judgment, driven by DPI are tested with survey data from an adult sample of 255 UK consumers. The study concludes with observations about the value of research findings for marketing practice. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: Cognitive consistency theory; consumer ethnocentrism; dept.mkt; domestic product involvement; peer-reviewed; product judgment; willingness to buy

Does the Netherlands-based consumer disidentification model work in the US? - Prince, Melvin; Kwak, Lynn (EMPGENS | Journal of Empirical Generalisations in Marketing Science, 2020)
Alexander Josiassen (2011) initiated research on the consumer disidentification (CDI) concept and its impact on product purchase behavior. In his investigation, a predictive model that included CDI as an exogeneous factor in domestic product preference was tested on adult second-generation immigrants who were born in, and lived in, the Netherlands. The model also incorporated consumer ethnocentrism (CET) as a second predictor variable. Josiassen's study showed that CDI negatively affected the purchase of products made domestically or by domestic firms. Conversely, CET was found to have a positive effect on the purchase of these products. Furthermore, relationships of CDI and CET to purchase intentions were independent of each other. In the Netherlands model, both variables were hypothesized to explain domestic product preference directly and indirectly through domestic product judgment. This paper replicates and assesses the generalizability of the CDI construct and model. Replication of the Netherland CDI model in the U.S. results in an acceptable measurement fit, but a slightly below acceptable structural fit. © 2020, University of South Australia. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Consumer disidentification; Cross-cultural; Domestic product preference; Ethnocentrism; Second-generation immigrants; dept.mkt; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

The psychology of consumer ethnocentrism and cosmopolitanism: a five-country study of values, moral foundations, gender identities and consumer orientations - Prince, Melvin; Yaprak, Attila; Cleveland, Mark; Davies, Mark A. P.; Josiassen, Alexander; Nechtelberger, Andrea; Nechtelberger, Martin; Palihawadana, Dayananda; Renner, Walter; Supekova, Sona Chovanova; Von Wallpach, Sylvia (International Marketing Review, 2020)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which personal values, moral foundations and gender-role identities affect, in sequence, consumers' constructions of their ethnocentric and cosmopolitan orientations. Achieving a better understanding of the psychological makeup of consumer ethnocentrism and cosmopolitanism should help managers better design international market segmentation and brand positioning strategies. Design/methodology/approach: The study's conceptual framework is anchored in attitude and values theories, and focuses on the social categorizations that consumers make and how these contribute to the formation of their ethnocentric and cosmopolitan orientations. Drawing data from consumers living in five European countries, we test our theoretical conjectures through structural equation modeling approaches, including multigroup analysis at the country level, as well as the identification and scrutiny of potential pan-European consumer segments. Findings: Findings show that personal values, moral foundations and gender-role identities do exert direct and indirect (partially mediated) effects on the formation of consumers' ethnocentric and cosmopolitan orientations. These provide numerous insights for managers in terms of how they can segment domestic and international markets, as well as how to position products and communicate brand strategies. Research limitations/implications: The study focused on consumers' personal and role identities and offers implications based on data gathered from a sample of five European countries. Future work should broaden this perspective by including other identity facets, such as religious and ethnic identities, as well as product-category and brand-specific outcomes, in order to help develop a more comprehensive picture of the psychology underpinning consumers' identity-related orientations, and their effects on consumer behavior. Future research should also study these issues in a broader geographical context, by including national markets that have culturally diverse populations as well as places with dissimilar cultural and economic profiles. Originality/value: The study shows that individuals' personal values, moral foundations and gender roles have a strong effect on the formation of consumer ethnocentrism and consumer cosmopolitanism orientations. Consideration of how these antecedent constructs operate in concert to shape consumers' in- versus out-group orientations has been overlooked in the international marketing literature. Beyond the ramifications for theory, the study offers numerous substantive managerial implications in terms of how consumers are likely to respond to local and global/foreign products/brands based on these orientations. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Keywords: Consumer cosmopolitanism; Consumer ethnocentrism; Gender role identity; International market segmentation; Moral foundations; Values; dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Post-Graduation Impact of a Program Planning Service-Learning Project. - Risisky, Deb; Goldson, Tess; DeMezzo, Robert (Pedagog. health promot., 2020)
Research has shown that service-learning can increase student-learning outcomes across various disciplines. Service-learning opportunities have been steadily increasing in college settings, especially in health-related fields. This evaluation of an undergraduate public health course at a mid-size, public university in New England sought to understand the impact of service-learning on material retention, internships, and post-graduation public health careers. A 25-item questionnaire was emailed to students who took the course between the Fall 2010 and Spring 2016 semesters with 75 completed (33.3% completion rate). More than half of the respondents noted that their participation in a service-learning project positively affected their internship experience, their first post-graduation job, and their overall career, while also helping them retain the course material after graduation. Open-ended responses provided insight to the qualitative responses. Respondents noted that in addition to having the understanding and ability to put on programs in their community, they also had more confidence in their abilities. The opportunity to practice public speaking skills as well as work collaboratively in group settings, were both noted as essential skills needed to succeed in the public health workforce. It was concluded the project had a positive impact on student's learning and retention in planning, implementing, and evaluating an actual health promotion program as well as how they were able to use those skills in their careers., (C)2021Sage Publications
Keywords: dept.fye; dept.pch; dept.rslf; health education; peer-reviewed; program planning; service-learning

Preschools and mind-body health - Sassu, Kari A. (Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education, Special Issue: Promoting Wellness in Preschoolers, 2020)
Keywords: dept.csp

Co-occurrence of Acheulian and Oldowan artifacts with Homo erectus cranial fossils from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia. - Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael J; Simpson, Scott W; Levin, Naomi E; Quade, Jay; Dunbar, Nelia; McIntosh, William C; Caceres, Isabel; Stinchcomb, Gary E; Holloway, Ralph L; Brown, Francis H; Butler, Robert F; et al. (Science advances, 2020)
Although stone tools generally co-occur with early members of the genus Homo, they are rarely found in direct association with hominins. We report that both Acheulian and Oldowan artifacts and Homo erectus crania were found in close association at 1.26 million years (Ma) ago at Busidima North (BSN12), and ca. 1.6 to 1.5 Ma ago at Dana Aoule North (DAN5) archaeological sites at Gona, Afar, Ethiopia. The BSN12 partial cranium is robust and large, while the DAN5 cranium is smaller and more gracile, suggesting that H. erectus was probably a sexually dimorphic species. The evidence from Gona shows behavioral diversity and flexibility with a lengthy and concurrent use of both stone technologies by H. erectus, confounding a simple "single species/single technology" view of early Homo. Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
Keywords: *Biological Evolution; *Fossils; *Hominidae; *Skull/ah [Anatomy & Histology]; Animals; Archaeological site; Behavioral diversity; Biodiversity; Biological Evolution; Co-occurrence; Ethiopia; Fossils; Hominidae; Hominidae/ah [Anatomy & Histology]; Hominidae/cl [Classification]; Hominins; Homo erectus; Humans; Paleontology; Single species; Skull; anatomy and histology; animal; classification; dept.ant; evolution; fossil; hominid; human; paleontology; peer-reviewed; skull

“The Goals Remain Elusive”: Using Drawings to Examine Shifts in Teachers’ Mental Models Before and After an NGSS Professional Learning Experience - Sherwood, Carrie-Anne (Journal of Science Teacher Education, 2020)
Teachers’ ability to effectively enact the ambitious vision of the NGSS depends on their understanding of the conceptual and instructional shifts required, and their interpretation of how to implement these shifts in their classrooms. Thus, understanding teachers’ practical knowledge regarding the shifts is an important step in supporting them to effectively implement the NGSS vision. This study used a mental models framework and teacher drawings to examine the practical knowledge of 22 in-service secondary science teachers before and after professional development that was designed to support them to understand and make incremental instructional shifts aligned with the NGSS. Findings indicate that teachers’ mental models shifted in two promising ways. First, teachers recognized that their roles and their students’ roles would need to change, and second, the doing of science looks and sounds different than what was traditionally done in their classrooms. However, findings also suggest that teachers struggled to reconcile new ideas from the PD with their previous mental models of their classroom practice. These findings are significant because they indicate, teachers may have more fully-formed mental models for what science teaching and learning looks and sounds like when it is focused on what most would traditionally think of as classroom science doing (e.g., “doing labs”), or when it includes traditional knowledge dissemination structures (e.g., lectures). This has important implications for science teacher educators and researchers, which will be discussed. © 2020, © 2020 Association for Science Teacher Education.
Keywords: NGSS; Science teacher education; dept.cur; mental models; peer-reviewed; professional development; teacher drawings; teacher practical knowledge

Synthesis and characterization of CuS, CuS/graphene oxide nanocomposite for supercapacitor applications - Singhal, Rahul; Thorne, David; LeMaire, Peter K.; Martinez, Xavier; Zhao, Chen; Gupta, Ram K.; Uhl, David; Scanley, Ellen; Broadbridge, Christine C.; Sharma, Rakesh K. (AIP Advances, 2020)
Supercapacitors or electrochemical capacitors are receiving greater interest because of their high-power density, long life, and low maintenance. We have synthesized CuS nanoparticles and graphene oxide (CuS-GO) nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications because of their low cost and excellent electrochemical properties. The phase purity of each material was determined using powder XRD studies. The bandgap was determined by UV-visible spectrophotometric studies. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images revealed the nano-scale morphology of the synthesized particles. All the electrochemical measurements were conducted in a standard three-electrode configuration, using a platinum wire as the counter electrode and Hg/HgO as the reference electrode. CuS and its composites with graphene oxide on nickel foam were used as working electrodes. All the electrochemical measurements were performed in 3M KOH solution. The CuS-GO nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 250 F/g, 225 F/g, 182 F/g, 166 F/g, 161 F/g, and 158 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, 1 A/g, 5 A/g, 10 A/g, 15 A/g, and 20 A/g, respectively. CuS-GO electrodes showed a specific capacitance retention of 70% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A/g. © 2020 Author(s).
Keywords: Capacitance; Charge-discharge cycle; Copper compounds; Electric discharges; Electrochemical capacitor; Electrochemical electrodes; Electrochemical measurements; Foams; Graphene; Mercury compounds; Nanocomposite electrodes; Nanocomposites; Potassium hydroxide; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrophotometric study; Supercapacitor; Supercapacitor application; Synthesis (chemical); Synthesis and characterizations; Transmission electron; Transmission electron microscopy; dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Lessons learned from COVID-19: Being known in online social work classrooms - Smoyer, Amy B; O’Brien, Kyle; Rodriguez-Keyes, Elizabeth (International Social Work, 2020)
This article presents findings from a survey of undergraduate social work (Bachelor of Social Work [BSW]) students about their experiences with remote learning during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this crisis, remote learning was rapidly implemented and many BSW educators and students experienced online classrooms for the first time. Findings from this study shed light on how remote learning shapes the interpersonal relationships and communication that are so critical to building students’ sense of classroom belonging, engagement, and learning.
Keywords: dept.hls; dept.rec; dept.swk; peer-reviewed

Thinkubator Approach to Solving the Soft Skills Gap - Stewart, Carol; Marciniec, Sheryl; Lawrence, Denval; Joyner-McGraw, Laquita (American Journal of Management, 2020)
Keywords: dept.mgt; peer-reviewed

Constructing the Reproductive Behavior of Poor People: Regulating Procreation by Public Aid Recipients from Malthus to Murray - Tomczak, Stephen Monroe (Social Service Review, 2020)
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

“When the hell are you going to grow up?”: a life-course account of hybrid masculinities among incarcerated men - Umamaheswar, Janani (Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology, 2020)
Purpose: Recent life-course scholarship has argued that desistance from (rather than persistence in) crime is a marker of adulthood. In this article, I argue that a commitment to desistance is only one of many elements of the participants’ sense of adult masculinity, which is best understood by drawing on theoretical literature on “hybrid masculinities.” By linking life-course criminological literature with recent theoretical advancements in the sociology of gender, I connect two important, but as yet independent, strands of research. Methods: Using the grounded theory approach to qualitative research, I performed inductive analyses of 24 in-depth interviews with adult men incarcerated at a state-run facility in the Northeastern USA. Results: I argue that the participants construct hybrid masculinities that combine conventionally masculine traits (such as being a provider and protector) with conventionally feminine traits (such as loyalty, humility, and emotional expressiveness). These hybrid masculinities manifest through the participants’ reliance on intangible markers of adulthood, and they emerge gradually over the men’s life course. I further argue that the disruptions that incarceration poses to the men’s life course impede their ability to realize their hybrid masculinities fully. Conclusion: The current research contributes to the burgeoning literature that attempts to correct the oversimplified portrayal of incarcerated men as singularly hypermasculine, and it also highlights how incarceration disrupts men’s life course, making it difficult for them to be the “hybrid” men that they wish to be. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Keywords: Hybrid masculinity; Incarceration; Masculinity; Prison; The life course; dept.soc; peer-reviewed

A Self-Determination Approach to Understanding Individual Values as an Interaction Condition on Employees' Innovative Work Behavior in the High-Tech Industry - Wang, Zheni; Gao, Mengchan; Panaccio, Alexandra (Journal of Creative Behavior, 2021)
Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT; E.L. Deci & R.M. Ryan, 1985, 2000) and using corporate samples (N = 284; 63% Male; Mean Age = 34, SD = 6.09) from high-tech firms in China, this empirical study explored the path model from satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, through autonomous motivation to employees' innovative work behavior (“IWB”; J. De Jong & D. Den Hartog, 2010). It also simultaneously examined the interactions between autonomous work motivation and individual values (collectivism, H.C. Triandis (1995); uncertainty avoidance, R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (2004); and power distance, J. Farh, R.D. Hackett, & J. Liang (2007)) in the conditioned path model. The regression results obtained from conditional PROCESS analysis (A.F. Hayes, 2013, 2018) suggest that basic psychological needs satisfaction is positively related to employees' IWB via autonomous motivation, but that these indirect effects were weaker when employees' power distance value orientation was high. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. © 2020 by the Creative Education Foundation, Inc.
Keywords: dept.mgt; peer-reviewed

Learning from others: A low‐cost–high‐impact risk/opportunity identification technique - Williams, Brendan E.; Williams, Anne S.; Williams, Katherine M. (Journal of Healthcare Risk Management, 2020)
Keywords: dept.mat; peer-reviewed