Investigating why teachers reported continued use and sharing of an educational innovation after the research has ended - Hegedus, Stephen J.; Dalton, Sara; Roschelle, Jeremy; Penuel, William; Dickey-Kurdziolek, Margaret; Tatar, Deborah (Mathematical Thinking and Learning, 2014)
We investigated prospects for reported sustainable adoption and sharing of an educational innovation through survey research including online questionnaires and telephone interviews. This investigation is part of the Scaling-Up SimCalc experimental program, which combines dynamic representational algebra software (SimCalc MathWorlds) with integrated curriculum and small professional development workshops focused on how to use the software and how to integrate this intervention into the larger year-long curriculum. Teachers who (1) perceived the usefulness of the SimCalc professional development as being consistent with personal aims and (2) perceived specific affordances of the software/curriculum to be valuable were more likely to report continued use of the innovation after the research had ended and that they had shared it with colleagues over time.
Keywords: dept.edu

SimCalc: democratizing access to advanced mathematics - Tatar, Deborah; Roschelle, Jeremy; Hegedus, Stephen (International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2014)
Keywords: dept.edu

MADness in the method: On the volatility and irregularity of technology diffusion - Bodo, Peter (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2016)
The paper investigates how some drivers of technology diffusion shape the volatility and irregularity of the diffusion process. It presents an agent-based simulation model of technology diffusion that includes variables to control technology generations, social pressures, market size, and network randomness. Several variable combinations are defined, technology diffusions are simulated, and the volatility and irregularity of the process are measured. The paper explores scenarios with unusually high volatility and/or irregularity in more detail. It shows that technology generations mostly affect volatility, social pressures impact irregularity, while network randomness and market size amplify the other two factors' effects. Also, the paper argues that market structure changes generated by the factor combinations in question indirectly affect diffusion volatility and irregularity and these indirect effects may explain very high levels of, and unexpected changes in the volatility and irregularity of the technology diffusion process. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc All.rights reserved.
Keywords: Agent-based model; Agent-based models; Agent-based simulation models; Autonomous agents; Brand and product category competition; Commerce; Computational methods; Control technologies; Diffusion; Diffusion process; Economic and social effects; Market structures; Network randomness; Product categories; Random processes; Several variables; Technology diffusion; Technology generations; competition (economics); dept.eco; network analysis; numerical model; technology diffusion

Ownership structure, non-interest income and bank risk in ghana - Abugri, Benjamin A; Osah, Theophilus Teye; Andoh, Samuel (Banking and Finance Review, 2016)
This study investigates the relationship between bank ownership structure, non-interest income and risk in an emerging market setting. Our analysis shows that the relationship between product diversification and bank risk is significantly influenced by asset size and ownership structure. In contrast to large banks, small banks are exposed to higher risk when the income share of non-traditional banking activities rise. We also find strong evidence of differences in risk exposure of banks to non-interest income after controlling for ownership structure. Private domestic and private foreign banks experience lower risk with higher non-interest income while the converse is true for public domestic banks. Furthermore, we show that the speed with which risk adjust to non-income activities is faster for domestic private banks than for foreign banks. These results could provide useful information to investors and regulators of banking institutions as they seek to reconcile the important issues of bank ownership structure, income diversification and size on the one hand with the level of risk exposure on the other hand. © 2016, Banking and Finance Review.
Keywords: Bank risk; Ghana; Non-interest income; Ownership structure; dept.eco; dept.fin; ⛔ No DOI found

Sustainable growth with irreversible stock effects of renewable resources - Lopez, Ramon; Yoon, Sang Won (Economics Letters, 2016)
This paper examines sustainability conditions when the stock effects of renewable resources prevail, and characterizes the maximal critical level of initial pollution emissions such that Pigovian tax alone ensures sustainable growth. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Optimal pollution tax; Renewable resources; Stock effects; Sustainable growth; dept.eco

Is current trade pattern between the developed and developing countries environmentally sustainable - Yoon, Sang Won (International Journal of Economics and Finance, 2016)
Keywords: dept.eco

Oiling the urban economy: land, labour, capital, and the state in Sekondi-Takoradi, ghana, written byFranklin obeng-odoom - Andoh, Samuel K. (African and Asian Studies, 2015)
Keywords: dept.eco; peer-reviewed

Real exchange rates in advanced transition economies - Grubacic, Sanja; Schuster, Julian (Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 2015)
The recent evidence from Eastern Europe suggests that one of the major obstacles towards the adoption of euro may lie in the impact that the recession of 2008 exerted on the trajectory of real exchange rates in new member countries (European Commission, 2015). This paper aims to establish and explain the relationship between the external shocks derived from the global financial crisis and recession of 2008 and equilibrium real exchange rate in advanced transition economies of Eastern Europe. The interplay between the external and internal balances is explained by developing an inter-temporal optimizing model of the real exchange rate determination in a small open economy with structural distortions. The results of our model suggest that, in the aftermath of recession, if the Eastern European economies attempt to restore and maintain the balance between the consumption, saving, and investment, the equilibrium real exchange rate will tend to reverse its trajectory from appreciation to depreciation over time in order to encourage a greater production in the future. The equilibrium real exchange rate depreciation in the future may obtain either as a result of an increase in the direct subsidies on investment or as a result of reduced subsidies on the "net-of-investment" income. The deprecation of countries’ real exchange rate, however, may continue to act as an effective constraint against the adoption of euro. © 2015, Institute of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Eastern European countries; Real exchange rates; Recession; Subsidies; Transition; dept.eco

Regulation of transportation network companies: A case study of connecticut - Thorson, James A (NABET 2015 Faculty Conference, 2015)
Keywords: dept.eco; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: armenia and azerbaijan through peace and war: black garden: 10 year anniversary edition, written by thomas de waal - Andoh, Samuel K (African and Asian Studies, 2014)
Keywords: book.review; dept.eco; peer-reviewed

Zimbabwe's land reform: myths and realities (review) - Andoh, Samuel K (Africa Today, 2011)
Keywords: dept.eco

Land, power, and custom: controversies generated by south africa's communal land rights act - Andoh, Samuel K (Africa Today, 2010)
Keywords: dept.eco

Small loans, big dreams: how the nobel prize winner muhammad yunus and microfinance are changing the world, edited by alex counts - Gebremariam, Yilma (Eastern Economic Journal, 2010)
Keywords: dept.eco

High-precision geochronology links the Ferrar large igneous province with early-Jurassic ocean anoxia and biotic crisis - Burgess, Seth D; Bowring, Samuel A; Fleming, Thomas H; Elliot, David H (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2015)
Apparent synchrony between eruption/emplacement of large igneous province (LIP) magmas and mass extinction has led to the implication of magmatism as a primary trigger of global scale environmental change. Evaluating the efficacy of magmatism as a driver of global change depends on the relative timing of magmatism and environmental change, and the magma effusion/intrusion rate, both of which can be constrained by high-precision geochronology. Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Toarcian) global ocean anoxia and acidification, carbon isotope perturbations, and biotic crisis have been linked to "synchronous" eruption and emplacement of the Karoo and Ferrar LIPs. To better constrain the timing and duration of Ferrar magmatism, we apply the single crystal, chemical abrasion U-Pb ID-TIMS method to zircon crystals isolated from twenty Ferrar LIP sills and lavas, and the Dufek intrusion. Dates suggest that both intrusive and extrusive Ferrar magmatism occurred over an interval of 349. ±. 49 kyr, beginning with intrusive magmatism as early as 182.779. ±. 0.033 Ma. Lava eruption was synchronous with, and in some cases postdates intrusion. When coupled with existing geochronology on the Karoo province, our dates confirm broad synchrony between Karoo and Ferrar magmatism, though Karoo magmatism began demonstrably prior to Ferrar magmatism, starting as early as 183.246. ±. 0.045 Ma. The short-lived magmatic history of the Ferrar LIP makes it a plausible trigger for early-Jurassic environmental change. © 2015.
Keywords: Anoxic events; Carbon isotopes; Chemical abrasions; Environmental change; Geochronology; Isotopes; Jurassic; Karoo; Large igneous province; Large igneous provinces; Lead; Mass extinction; Ocean anoxic event; Relative timing; Silicate minerals; Single crystals; South Africa; Uranium; Zircon crystals; dept.esc; emplacement; environmental change; geochronology; large igneous province; magmatism; mass extinction; paleoenvironment; peer-reviewed

Links between acceleration, melting, and supraglacial lake drainage of the western greenland ice sheet - Hoffman, Matthew J.; Catania, Ginny A.; Neumann, Thomas; Andrews, Lauren C.; Rumrill, J. A. (Journal of Geophysical Research, 2011)
The impact of increasing summer melt on the dynamics and stability of the Greenland Ice Sheet is not fully understood. Mounting evidence suggests seasonal evolution of subglacial drainage mitigates or counteracts the ability of surface runoff to increase basal sliding. Here, we compare subdaily ice velocity and uplift derived from nine Global Positioning System stations in the upper ablation zone in west Greenland to surface melt and supraglacial lake drainage during summer 2007. Starting around day 173, we observe speedups of 6-41% above spring velocity lasting ∼40 days accompanied by sustained surface uplift at most stations, followed by a late summer slowdown. After initial speedup, we see a spatially uniform velocity response across the ablation zone and strong diurnal velocity variations during periods of melting. Most lake drainages were undetectable in the velocity record, and those that were detected only perturbed velocities for ∼1 day, suggesting preexisting drainage systems could efficiently drain large volumes of water. The dynamic response to melt forcing appears to (1) be driven by changes in subglacial storage of water that is delivered in diurnal and episodic pulses, and (2) decrease over the course of the summer, presumably as the subglacial drainage system evolves to greater efficiency. The relationship between hydrology and ice dynamics observed is similar to that observed on mountain glaciers, suggesting that seasonally large water pressures under the ice sheet largely compensate for the greater ice thickness considered here. Thus, increases in summer melting may not guarantee faster seasonal ice flow. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.
Keywords: Arctic; GPS; Greenland; Greenland Ice Sheet; ablation; dept.esc; drainage network; flow velocity; glacial hydrology; glacial lake; glacier dynamics; ice flow; ice mechanics; ice thickness; melting; meltwater; runoff; seasonal variation; subglacial deposit; uplift

Developing mentors: an analysis of shared mentoring practices - Bower-Phipps, Laura; Klecka, Cari Van Senus; Sature, Amanda L (The New Educator, 2016)
Understanding how experienced teachers share and articulate effective mentoring practices can guide efforts to prepare quality mentors. This qualitative study focused on mentoring practices within a teacher-designed student-teaching program conceptualized while the mentor teachers within the program were students in a graduate-level mentoring course and implemented upon the mentors’ completion of their graduate studies. Data sources included interviews and field notes from meetings with mentors and student teachers. The results detail specific mentoring practices: explicit instruction through scaffolding, developing the whole teacher, student-teacher-directed learning, fostering student teachers’ individual practice, explicit mentoring of one another, and reflecting on mentoring. These practices were enabled by program structures such as mentor meetings, an online forum, and mentors’ observation of all student teachers in the program. © 2016, © 2016 CCNY and ATE.
Keywords: dept.cur; peer-reviewed

Coming home: Continuing intercultural learning during the re-entry semester following a study abroad experience - Marx, Helen; Moss, David M (Journal of International Social Studies, 2016)
Keywords: dept.cur; ⛔ No DOI found

"To have better than what I had”: the transgenerational family pedagogy of an african american family in the south - Powell, Jessica S (Journal of Family Diversity in Education, 2016)
Keywords: dept.cur; ⛔ No DOI found

Valuing stuff materials culture and artifactual literacies in the classroom - Randall, Regine; Mercurio, Mia Lynn (Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2015)
Recent interest in materials culture and artifactual literacies has helped the authors of this article rethink how they teach preservice and inservice teachers and collaborate with K-12 teachers. Each discipline has its own stuff that can help students understand the products and practices of a field beyond what they might be able to glean from text. To that end, every teacher should see their classroom and content area as a "place for my stuff" because objects speak and communicate more messages through form, color, size, and texture than print alone. © 2015 International Literacy Association.
Keywords: 3-Early adolescence; 4-Adolescence; 5-College/university students; Adolescent/young adult literature; Content analyses; Content literacy; Discussion strategies; Information literacy; Informational text; Instructional strategies; Literary elements; Specific subject areas (math; Strategies; Text types; and materials; art; dept.cur; dept.sed; etc.); methods; teaching strategies; text features

Guiding students as they explore, build, and connect online - McVerry, J. Gregory; Belshaw, Doug; O'Byrne, W. Ian (Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2015)
Keywords: dept.cur

Improving students' academic learning by helping them access text - Ben-Avie, Michael; Randall, Régine; Dunne, Diane Weaver; Kelly, Chris (Recent Advances in Assistive Technologies to Support Children with Developmental Disorders, 2015)
Conventional methods of addressing the needs of students with print disabilities include text-to-speech services. One major drawback of text-to-speech technologies is that computerized speech simply articulates the same words in a text whereas human voice can convey emotions such as excitement, sadness, fear, or joy. Audiobooks have human narration, but are designed for entertainment and not for teaching word identification, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension to students. This chapter focuses on the 3-year pilot of CRISKids; all CRIS recordings feature human narration. The pilot demonstrated that students who feel competent in their reading and class work tend to be more engaged in classroom routines, spend more time on task and demonstrate greater comprehension of written materials. When more demonstrate these behaviors and skills, teachers are better able to provide meaningful instruction, since less time is spent on issues of classroom management and redirection. Thus, CRISKids impacts not only the students with print disabilities, but all of the students in the classroom.
Keywords: dept.cur

Multimodal response and writing as poetry experience - Pet, Sue Ringler; Mcverry, J Gregory; Obyrne, W Ian (Exploring Multimodal Composition and Digital Writing, 2014)
What affordances do multimodal and digital information provide to the student and teacher with regard to responding to and writing poetry? This question juxtaposes one of the oldest literary genres in human history (i.e., poetry), with some of the newest technologies available. To enrich the content and effect as students experience poetry, technology may seem like an unwelcome stranger. Research has found, however, that “multimedia texts and multimodal composing may actually shift classroom culture toward a more learner-centered paradigm” (Chandler-Olcott & Mahar, 2003, pp. 381-382). This chapter explores the integration of technology with both response to poetry and authorship of poetic works as a means to enrich English classroom experiences. In the authors’ view, important work in this arena must not use technological tools for the sake of using technology in the classroom, but, rather, for the sake of enriching literary experiences. Ultimately, by connecting response, authorship, and multimodal technologies, the teaching of poetry may be enhanced by the teaching of 21st century literacy skills. Toward these ends, the authors share opportunities for intertwining multimodal text with the teaching of poetry to enrich literacy and literary experience in middle and high school classrooms.
Keywords: dept.cur

Vowel representations in the invented spellings of Spanish-English bilingual kindergartners - Raynolds, Laura B.; Uhry, Joanna K.; Brunner, Jessica (Reading and Writing, 2013)
The study compared the invented spelling of vowels in kindergarten native Spanish speaking children with that of English monolinguals. It examined whether, after receiving phonics instruction for short vowels, the spelling of native Spanish-speaking kindergartners would contain phonological errors that were influenced by their first language. Results showed no differences between the two groups on the number of correct short vowel spellings, even though the sounds for four of the five English short vowels do not exist in Spanish. By contrast, differences were observed in the representation of long vowels with a higher rate of error among ELLs. The students had not received explicit instruction in long vowels. ELLs appeared to be trying to represent the diphthongized nature of some English long vowels by spelling long vowels with more than one vowel. The results support the authors' hypothesis that kindergarten phonics instruction had an impact on the invented spellings of new second language vowel phonemes.
Keywords: Bilingual; English language instruction; Invented spelling; Spanish language; dept.cur; peer-reviewed

Everyone has a story: A collaborative inquiry project by five teacher candidates of color and one white professor - Bower-Phipps, Laura; Tate, Rachel Watanabe; Mehta, Sejal; Sature, Amanda L (Current Issues in Education, 2013)
Initiatives to increase the number of teachers of color in U.S. public schools must be accompanied by culturally relevant teacher preparation for candidates of color. This study is a cooperative inquiry (Heron, 1996) conceived, conducted, and analyzed by five preservice teachers of color and one of their professors, a white lesbian. The women met biweekly for a year to co-construct meaning from their experiences in a teacher education program. They analyzed data sources together, including meeting transcripts, autobiographical sketches, and reflective writing on themes from the data. Key findings include the complexity of teacher candidates' identities; the importance of support systems for teacher candidates of color, particularly within predominantly white contexts; the connection between teacher candidates' backgrounds and their visions as teachers; and the role others' perceptions, particularly teacher educators, have played in teacher candidates becoming teachers.
Keywords: Cooperative inquiry; Diversity; Teacher identity; Teachers of color; dept.cur; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Collaboration cubed: isolated mainstream teachers become ESL experts to school systems - Verplaetse, Lorrie Stoops; Ferraro, Marisa; Anderberg, Ann (TESOL Journal, 2012)
Keywords: dept.cur

The new literacies of online reading comprehension: expanding the literacy and learning curriculum - Leu, Donald J.; McVerry, J. Gregory; O'Byrne, W. Ian; Kiili, Carita; Zawilinski, Lisa; Everett-Cacopardo, Heidi; Kennedy, Clint; Forzani, Elena (Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2011)
Keywords: dept.cur

Surpassing normal: preparing teachers for diverse learners - Bower, Laura A; Sature, Amanda L (Action in teacher education, 2011)
Teacher education must prepare teacher candidates for diverse contexts and diverse learners. Such preparation involves teacher candidates unearthing their assumptions about diverse populations and understanding the roles candidates' own backgrounds play in these assumptions. Queer theory can facilitate this process through attention to culturally constructed notions of “normal” and “deviant.” This chapter investigates a strategy intended to identify teachers' cultural expectations through disrupting candidates' perceptions of “normal” students. Data sources include responses to a specific learning activity, interviews, and demographic surveys. Findings indicate that teacher candidates are reluctant to discuss certain demographic descriptors, such as race/ethnicity and sexual orientation, preferring to focus on students' interests and social behaviors. candidates' conceptions of a “normal” student mirror their own experiences. Interview responses suggest that the learning activity disrupted these conceptions. Implications point to the importance of discussing diversity in teacher education courses and the necessity of fieldwork in diverse contexts. © 2011, Copyright Association of Teacher Educators.
Keywords: dept.cur

Love thy neighbor: A guide for implementing safe school initiatives for LGBTQ students in nonaffirming religious communities - Ginicola, Misty M; Smith, Cheri; Rhoades, Elizabeth (Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 2016)
Although setting up a safe school is an important task for a school counselor, his or her efforts may be resisted when attempting to develop a safe school initiative in a religious community; for example, one conservative-based website gives parents explicit instructions on how to fight a school's safe schools initiatives. This article provides a review of the issues involved and a specific framework for school counselors who wish to set up a Safe Schools Initiative in the context of a resistant atmosphere, using a social justice framework. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: LGBTQ; dept.csp; religious conflict; safe schools; school counseling; social justice

Psychologically based therapies to improve lung functioning in students with asthma. - Maykel, Cheryl; Bray, Melissa A; Gelbar, Nicholas W; Caterino, Linda C; Avitia, Maria J; Sassu, Kari; Root, Melissa M (International journal of school and educational psychology, 2016)
Asthma is a common, chronic respiratory disease that can be costly to both society and the individual. In addition to increased absenteeism, children with asthma may also be at a greater risk for developing comorbid anxiety and depression. Various complementary psychological treatments have been effective at reducing both asthmatic symptoms and psychological distress. Although the research in the area of mind-body treatments as it pertains specifically to persons with asthma is still developing, this article will describe several promising alternative treatment methods, many of which have already been, or could be easily be applied for use in a school setting. © 2016, © 2016 International School Psychology Association.
Keywords: art therapy; asthma; biofeedback; dept.csp; hypnosis; mind-body; mindfulness; music therapy; relaxation and guided imagery; school-based interventions; written emotional expression; yoga

Students with cancer: presenting issues and effective solutions. - Root, Melissa M; Bray, Melissa A; Maykel, Cheryl; Cross, Karen; Shankar, Nilani L; Theodore, Lea A (International Journal of School and Educational Psychology, 2016)
Practitioners working with children diagnosed with cancer in the school environment must consider several facets in order to effectively work with the child and family. The remission rate for children with cancer is relatively high, so one must consider whether the child is anticipating treatment, actively in treatment, or posttreatment when one thinks about the potential stressors and cognitive impacts of cancer on the child's education. This article focuses on facts associated with childhood cancer that are relevant to school-based practitioners, common stressors for children and adolescents with a personal cancer diagnosis in their lives, research-based interventions, and accommodations and modifications to consider. © 2016, © 2016 International School Psychology Association.
Keywords: accommodations; adolescent cancer; childhood cancer; dept.csp; evidence-based practices; intervention; modifications; pediatric oncology; school psychologist

Financial health and mental health among clients of a community mental health center: making the connections - Harper, Annie; Clayton, Ashley; Bailey, Margaret; Foss-Kelly, Louisa; Sernyak, Michael J.; Rowe, Michael (Psychiatric Services, 2015)
Objectives: This study evaluated financial challenges, satisfaction with financial-management supports, and interest in additional or alternative supports among clients of a mental health center. Methods: Six focus groups were held with 39 clients of an urban community mental health center who reported having difficulty with their finances. Five focus groups were held with direct-care staff who provided services to the clients. Investigators used an inductive analytical approach to distill themes from notes taken during the focus groups. Results: Clients emphasized the challenges of living in poverty and described using complex strategies to sustain themselves, including negotiating benefits systems, carefully planning purchases, and developing and relying on social relationships. They spoke of having uneven access to tools and services for managing their money, such as advice from direct-care staff, representative payees, and bank accounts, and had varying opinions about their value. Noting concerns similar to those of clients, direct-care staff expressed frustration at the lack of support services for helping clients manage their finances. Both clients and staff expressed the need for more services to help clients with their finances. Conclusions: Findings suggest a need for more services to support people with mental illness to manage their finances, particularly a more flexible and broader range of options than are provided by current representative-payee mechanisms.
Keywords: Article; Community Mental Health Centers; Connecticut; Focus Groups; Humans; Mental Disorders; Mental Health; Patient Advocacy; Patient Satisfaction; Poverty; Social Support; Urban Population; adult; analytic method; clinical article; clinical assessment; clinical evaluation; community mental health center; coping behavior; dept.csp; economics; female; financial management; health care access; health insurance; human; information processing; interpersonal communication; male; managed care; medical staff; mental disease; mental health; mental health service; money; patient advocacy; patient satisfaction; poverty; social interaction; social support; treatment planning; urban population

The added value of the school of the 21st century when combined with a statewide preschool program. - Ginicola, Misty; Finn-Stevenson, Matia; Zigler, Edward (The American journal of orthopsychiatry, 2013)
Although schools have begun to employ multiple programs to reach educational goals, little attention has been paid to the efficacy of combining separate programs. The present study investigates the combination of a school reform model, the School of the 21st Century (21C), and the Arkansas Better Chance (ABC) program, where preschools apply for state funds to provide high quality services to children at risk. To determine if 21C adds anything to the ABC program, the present study compared results from a developmental assessment. The authors compared school-based preschools that had both ABC and 21C services to those programs that offered only ABC services. Results indicated that, at baseline, children within the 21C/ABC programs scored the same or poorer than their ABC-only counterparts. However, at the end of the year, participants at 21C/ABC preschools were significantly ahead of ABC-only programs on all developmental indicators. There were also differences favorable to 21C/ABC preschools between the programs' quality ratings as measured by the Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale. Copyright © 2013 American Orthopsychiatric Association.
Keywords: *Early Intervention, Educational; *Schools; Arkansas; Arkansas Better Chance program; Child care; Child, Preschool; Early Intervention (Education); Educational Status; Family support; Female; Humans; Male; Poverty; Preschool children; School children; School readiness; Schools; The School of the 21st Century; article; child; dept.csp; education program; female; history; human; male; preschool child; rating scale; school

Counseling through images: using photography to guide the counseling process and achieve treatment goals - Ginicola, Misty M; Smith, Cheri; Trzaska, Jessica (Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 2012)
Creative approaches to counseling help counselors to meet the needs of diverse populations. The utility of photography in counseling has been demonstrated through several case studies; however, clear implications of how photography relates to the counseling process have not been well delineated. The existing literature on phototherapy is reviewed and connected to specific photo directives within the counseling process and common psychotherapeutic techniques. © 2012 Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: counseling; creative counseling; dept.csp; photography; phototherapy

The church, the closet, and the couch: the counselor's role in assisting clients to integrate their sexual orientation and religious identity - Ginicola, Misty M; Smith, Cheri (Journal of Lgbt Issues in Counseling, 2011)
In a recent article in The New York Times, therapy using Sexual Orientation Management was highlighted, with the focus on therapists assisting clients to live a heterosexual life because of their religious beliefs.The primary reasons for such an approach are to allow for client choice and respect on an equally important area of diversity, their religious affiliation and values.Although research has been performed on the intersection of religion and sexual orientation, there has not been an extensive analysis or criticism of this management technique.In this article, the authors explore the experience of religious clients struggling with their sexual orientation, discuss the potential counselor responses to sexual orientation religious issues, and the impact of each on the counseling field using ethical principles, existing research, and logical outcomes.© 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: LGBQ; counseling; dept.csp; ethics; religion

An interactive web-based tool for teaching computer programming - Abdel-Raouf, Amal (2016)
Keywords: dept.csc

Authorship categorization of public domain literature - Boran, Tudor; Voss, John; Hossain, Shafaeat (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016)
We defined a set of quantifiable features for authorship categorization. We performed our experiments on public domain literature - all books analyzed were obtained in plain text format through Project Gutenberg's online repository of classic books. We tested three machine learning algorithms: Artificial Neural Network, Naïve Bayes Classifier, and Support Vector Machine with our features. We found that certain features, such as punctuation and various suffixes result in a higher accuracy. In addition, the Support Vector Machine classifier produces repeatedly higher accuracies than other classifiers and seems to be a far superior method of classification in terms of authorship categorization. © 2016 IEEE.
Keywords: Authorship categorization; Bayes Classifier; Classification (of information); Learning algorithms; Learning systems; Mobile telecommunication systems; Neural networks; Online repositories; Plain text; Public domains; Support vector machine classifiers; Support vector machines; Ubiquitous computing; classification; dept.csc; public domain literature; support vector machine

P-codec: parallel compressed file decompression algorithm for hadoop - Hanafi, Idris; Abdel-Raouf, Amal (2016)
Keywords: dept.csc

On finding appropriate reject region in serial fusion based biometric verification - Hossain, Shafaeat (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016)
We give the theoretical foundation for finding a reject region which gives the minimum equal error rate in serial fusion based biometric verification. Given a user-specified tolerance of x percent genuine score reject rate, we prove that there exists a unique reject region inside which the false alarm rate and impostor pass rate curves overlap, and this reject region gives the minimum equal error rate. Our theory leads to new algorithms for finding reject regions, which have two key advantages over the state-of-the-art: (1) the algorithms allow the system administrator to control the proportion of genuine scores that a reject region can erroneously reject and (2) the algorithms determine reject regions directly from the scores, without the need to estimate score distributions. Our proofs do not rely on data belonging to any particular distribution, which makes them applicable to a wide range of biometric modalities including face, finger, iris, speech, gait, and keystrokes. © 2016 IEEE.
Keywords: Biometric verification; Biometrics; Decision support systems; Equal error rate; False alarm rate; Genuine scores; Particular distribution; State of the art; System administrators; Theoretical foundations; dept.csc

User authentication and identification on smartphones by incorporating capacitive touchscreen - Rilvan, Mohamed Azard; Lacy, Kolby Isiah; Hossain, Shafaeat; Wang, Bing (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016)
Smartphones, while providing users ease of access to sensitive information on the go, also present severe security risks if an attacker is able to gain access to them. To strengthen the user authentication and identification in a smartphone, we develop a biometric authentication and identification system which uses the capacitive touchscreen that is featured in all current smartphones. Our methodology focuses on using the touchscreen as a sensor to capture the image of a user's ear, thumb or four fingers. We extract the capacitive raw data from the touched body part to obtain a capacitive image, and then use it to capture geometric features (e.g., length and width of a finger) and principal components. After that, we experiment with Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers to verify and also identify each user. We achieved the maximum authentication accuracy of 98.84% by four fingers with SVM, and maxinum identification accuracy of 97.61% by four fingers with RF. © 2016 IEEE.
Keywords: Authentication; Biometric; Biometric authentication; Biometrics; Decision trees; Geometric feature; Identification (control systems); Identification accuracy; Principal Components; Random forests; Security risks; Sensitive informations; Smartphones; Support vector machines; User authentication; authentication; capacitive touchscreen; dept.csc; identification; smart-phones

Exploring search task difficulty reasons in different task types and user knowledge groups - Liu, Jingjing; Kim, Chang Suk; Creel, Caitlin (Information Processing and Management, 2015)
Search task difficulty has been attracting much research attention in recent years, mostly regarding its relationship with searchers' behaviors and the prediction of task difficulty from search behaviors. However, it remains unknown what makes searchers feel the difficulty. A study consisting of 48 undergraduate students was conducted to explore this question. Each participant was given 4 search tasks that were carefully designed following a task classification scheme. Questionnaires were used to elicit participants' ratings on task difficulty and why they gave those ratings. Based on the collected difficulty reasons, a coding scheme was developed, which covered various aspects of task, user, and user-task interaction. Difficulty reasons were then categorized following this scheme. Results showed that searchers reported some common reasons leading to task difficulty in different tasks, but most of the difficulty reasons varied across tasks. In addition, task difficulty had some common reasons between searchers with low and high levels of topic knowledge, although there were also differences in top task difficulty reasons between high and low knowledge users. These findings further our understanding of search task difficulty, the relationship between task difficulty and task type, and that between task difficulty and knowledge level. The findings can also be helpful with designing tasks for information search experiments, and have implications on search system design both in general and for personalization based on task type and searchers' knowledge. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Information search; Knowledge level; Personalizations; Search engines; Students; Surveys; Task classification; Task difficulty; Task difficulty reason; Task type; Topic knowledge; Undergraduate students; dept.csc

Asynchronous gossip-based data propagation protocol - Andrew, Priyanka; Antonios, Imad (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015)
Data dissemination protocols govern interaction and exchange of data among nodes in a distributed system. An understanding of data transfer protocols provides insight into efficient middleware management. Due to their simplicity, scalability and fault-tolerance, gossip-based protocols are researched widely as an effective communication strategy. The Shuffle protocol presented in [1], is an example of a decentralized, gossip-based data transfer protocol used to spread information in a wireless network via probabilistic exchange of data. This paper presents, an asynchronous variant of the Shuffle protocol and a system model that captures variability in data transmission times. This transmission time variability is inherent in dynamic networks, where such algorithms are typically deployed. A simulation-based analysis of the protocol's performance behavior is presented. Results show the effects of transmission variability, on data replication and its coverage. Also examined is the relationship between available storage and the performance of the protocol, expressed using measures such as propagation time and work. © 2015 IEEE.
Keywords: Data communication systems; Data dissemination; Data dissemination protocols; Data propagation protocols; Data transfer; Data transfer protocols; Digital storage; Distributed database systems; Effective communication; Fault tolerance; Fault tolerant computer systems; Gossip-based algorithms; Gossip-based protocol; Internet protocols; Middleware; Shuffle protocol; Simulation-based analysis; Wireless networks; asynchronous gossip-based algorithm; data dissemination; data transfer protocol; dept.csc; wireless network

ARM Assembly language programming Using Keil Development Tools Introduction - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
Manufacturers of CPUs publish a document that contains information about the processor that includes: list of registers, function of each register, size of data bus, size of address bus and list of instructions that can be executed by the CPU. Each CPU has a known instruction set that a programmer can use to write assembly language programs. Instruction sets are specific to each type of processor. That being said, Pentium processors use a different instruction set than ARM processors. Using the Instructions a of processor to write a program is called assembly language and function of an assembler is to convert assembly language to machine code (binary) that the CPU can understand.
Keywords: dept.csc

ARM Cortex-M3 Processor and MBED NXP LPC1768 - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
ARM offers variety of the core processor base on their applications and they are: Cortex A series: Cortex A series is a High performance processor for open operating system, the Cortex-A50 is a 64 bit process, application of Cortex-A series are Smart phones, Netbook, Digital TV, and eBook readers
Keywords: dept.csc

ARM Instructions and Part II - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
The data transfer instructions are used to transfer data from memory to registers and from registers to memory and they are Load (LDR) and Store (STR) instructions.
Keywords: dept.csc

ARM Instructions Part I - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) was developed by the Acorn Company. ARM is a leader supplier of microprocessors in the world, ARM develop the core CPU and thousand of suppliers add more functional units to the core. ARM uses two types instruction called Thumb and Thumb-2. Thumb instructions are 16 bits and thumb-2 instructions are 32 bits, currently most ARM processors uses 32 bit instructions.
Keywords: dept.csc

Logic Gates and Introduction to Computer Architecture - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
The basic components of an Integrated Circuit (IC) is logic gates which made of transistors, in digital system there are three basic logic operations and they are called AND, OR and NOT.
Keywords: dept.csc

Number Systems and Data Communication - Elahi, Ata; Arjeski, Trevor (ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments, 2015)
In order to understand network technology it is important to know how information is represented for transmission from one computer to another. Information can be transferred between computers in one of two ways: an analog signal or a digital signal.
Keywords: Analog Signal; Binary Number; Digital Signal; Number System; Transmission Method; dept.csc

Enhancing EDP of multicore processors through DVFS - Hajiamini, Shervin; Shirazi, Behrooz; Rilvan, Mohamed Azard (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015)
Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is a well-known technique to optimize the power dissipation of electronic systems without significantly compromising overall system performance. DVFS exploits the periods of inter-core data exchange (memory-bound operations) to reduce the voltage and frequency (V/F) of the cores in order to reduce the power dissipation during the execution flow of an application running on the CMP. As the lengths of the idle and busy periods of the cores vary depending on the benchmarks, it is crucial for any DVFS technique to maximize the power saving without losing a significant performance. In this work we present two power optimization methodologies that are integrated into a full-system simulator to make online predictions about the voltage and frequency of the cores during the execution time of the benchmarks. We evaluate these methodologies in terms of the V/F predictions vs. the actual utilization of each core periodically. We also compare the overall execution time, energy dissipation, and energy-delay product (EDP) of the power optimization methodologies for various benchmarks. © 2015 IEEE.
Keywords: Benchmarking; DVFS; Dynamic frequency scaling; Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling; Electric losses; Electronic data interchange; Electronic systems; Energy delay product; Energy dissipation; Energy efficiency; Forecasting; Full system simulators; Multi core; Multi-core processor; Multicore; Power Optimization; V/F tracking; Voltage scaling; dept.csc; energy efficiency

Free indulgences: Enhanced zero-price effect for hedonic options - Hossain, Mehdi T; Saini, Ritesh (International Journal of Research in Marketing, 2015)
We find that the relative preference of hedonic products is disproportionately enhanced when they are offered at a free price. This “free price bounce” is more subdued for utilitarian products. This is surprising because rational choice theory posits that relative preference amidst two options - say a hedonic and a utilitarian product - remains intact as long as the price difference between them is constant. We propose and demonstrate that this axiom is violated when a hedonic product is offered for free. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Affective appraisal; Behavioral pricing; Hedonic-utilitarian differences; Sales promotion; Zero price; dept.csc

Analyzing PHP frameworks for use in a project-based software engineering course - Lancor, Lisa; Katha, Samyukta (Association for Computing Machinery, 2013)
Given the popularity of PHP frameworks used in developing webbased applications, a comparative study is conducted to determine which framework is best suited for incorporation into the curriculum of an undergraduate software engineering course that uses project-based learning. The top six PHP frameworks (Zend, Yii, CakePHP, CodeIgniter, PRADO, and Symphony) were initially considered and then narrowed down to two (CakePHP and CodeIgniter) based on their alignment with common functionality in previous class projects, framework complexity for those new to frameworks (learning curve), and developer friendliness (availability of documentation and online resources). An in-depth comparative study is conducted by developing a functionally-equivalent web application using each of the two frameworks as well as plain PHP (no framework). This work was motivated by the difficulties that were encountered in an evolving, content-rich software engineering course and discusses the educational changes that were made to align student learning with sound software engineering principles and current software development practices used in the computing industry. Copyright © 2013 ACM.
Keywords: Application programs; Curricula; Education computing; Engineering education; PHP frameworks; Project based learning; Project-based learning; Software design; Software design and development; Software development practices; Software engineering; Software engineering course; Software engineering principles; Technical presentations; Undergraduate software engineering; Web-based applications; dept.csc

Why do users perceive search tasks as difficult? Exploring difficulty in different task types - Liu, Jingjing; Kim, Chang Suk (Association for Computing Machinery, 2013)
In this paper, we examined why information searchers perceive search tasks as difficult, and what factors/reasons make them perceive tasks as difficult. We also examined if task difficulty reasons vary across different tasks (task types). Data was collected through a controlled laboratory experiment in which tasks were designed following a classification scheme. A total of 32 undergraduate students participated, each was given 4 search tasks, and they were asked in questionnaires both before and after the tasks for task difficulty ratings and why they gave those ratings. We developed a coding scheme based on the difficulty reasons users gave, which covered various aspects of task, user, and user-task interaction. Difficulty reasons were categorized following this scheme. Results showed that searchers had some common reasons for task difficulty in different tasks, but most of the difficulty reasons varied across tasks. For each task, there were also common reasons for task difficulty, although there was some variation here as well. Task difficulty was also found to be negatively correlated with users topic knowledge, previous experience, and topic interest. Our findings help understand search task difficulty, as well as the relationships between task difficulty and task type, knowledge background, etc. These can also be helpful with experiment task design. © 2013 ACM.
Keywords: Classification scheme; Coding scheme; Controlled laboratories; Experiments; Human computer interaction; Information retrieval; Search tasks; Students; Surveys; Task difficulty; Task difficulty reason categories; Undergraduate students; dept.csc; task features; topic knowledge

Why do users feel search task difficult - Liu, Jingjing; Kim, Chang Suk; Creel, Caitlin (Wiley, 2013)
This paper reports on an examination of why information searchers find search tasks difficult and the specific reasons they feel difficult. Data was collected through a controlled laboratory experiment with 32 participants, each working with 4 search tasks. They were asked in questionnaires, both before and after the tasks, for task difficulty ratings and their reasoning for giving those ratings. We developed a coding scheme based on the difficulty reasons users gave, which covered various aspects of task, user, and user-task interaction. This helps us understand search task difficulty, as well as provides a scheme for task difficulty control in experiment task design.
Keywords: Task difficulty reason categories; Task features; Topic knowledge; dept.csc

Software environments for atmospheric lidar remote sensing - Sharma, Nimmi C P; Parikh, Jo Ann (2013)
Research and training in atmospheric lidar remote sensing requires highly versatile software environments for both experimentation and analysis. Experimentation and analysis may be conducted either directly on site at the location of the lidar equipment and/or institutional computer center or remotely from a distant location. The requirements for lidar software environments depend not only on type of user access (remote or onsite) but also on the nature of the teaching or research missions they support and the characteristics of the lidar systems for which they are used. The software environments discussed in this paper have been used to support lidar aerosol studies in settings ranging from urban locations to a remote atmospheric baseline station. Experiments and data analysis studies have been conducted for two different ground-based lidar systems, a monostatic Micro Pulse Lidar system and a bistatic imaging lidar system. © 2013 IEEE.
Keywords: aerosols; dept.csc; laser radar; remote sensing software

Embedding video and assessment forms in online documents - Workman, Robert; Kim, Chang Suk (E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education, 2013)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Information seeking tasks: why do searchers feel them difficult? - Liu, Jingjing; Kim, Chang Suk (Proceedings of HCIR 2012, 2012)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Creating interactive video stories for mobile devices with adobe flash CS5.5: an exploratory mixed methods case study - Workman, Robert; Christ, Thomas W; Yu, Winnie (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, 2012)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Developing structured interactive multimedia applications with HTML5 - Workman, Robert; Podnar, Hrvoje (EdMedia: World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, 2012)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Core node location problem: heuristic solvability via tabu search - Skorin-Kapov, Darko; Skorin-Kapov, Jadranka; Podnar, Hrvoje (2010)
Keywords: dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

A performance model of gossip-based update propagation - Antonios, Imad; Dhar, Reetu; Zhang, Feng; Lipsky, Lester (2010)
We consider the problem of propagating an update to nodes in a distributed system using two gossiping protocols. The first is an idealized algorithm with static and dynamic knowledge of the system, and the second is a simple randomized algorithm. We construct a theoretical model that allows us to derive work and completion time statistics under varying transmission delay distributions. Numerical results are obtained for both exponential and nonexponential transmission times using linear-algebraic queueing theory techniques. Additionally, we present the results of simulation experiments showing that under node churn assumptions, the randomized algorithm's performance is qualitatively different than in a fault-free system. © 2010 IEEE.
Keywords: Algorithms; Completion time; Distributed systems; Gossiping protocols; Linear-algebraic; Numerical results; Performance Model; Queueing theory; Randomized Algorithms; Simulation experiments; Static and dynamic; Theoretical models; Transmission delays; dept.csc

Consumers' optimism bias and responses to risk disclosures in direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertising: the moderating role of subjective health literacy - Ahn, Ho-Young (Anthony); Park, Jin Seong; Haley, Eric (Journal of Consumer Affairs, 2014)
Despite a substantial body of research in direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) for prescription drugs, what is missing from the existing discussion on the risk disclosure in DTCA is a focus on the roles of individual motivation and ability to process risk information. Guided by the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the Motivation-Ability-Opportunity framework, the current study examines the roles of the consumer's optimism bias and subjective health literacy in responding to the risk disclosure in DTCA. By analyzing survey data (N = 404), the study reveals that: (1) consumers who show a tendency to believe that they are at less risk of experiencing adverse reactions to prescription drugs than their peers are less likely to pay attention to the risk disclosure or intend to seek further information about the health risks of drugs, (2) the relationship between optimism bias and information-seeking intentions is stronger for consumers with high subjective health literacy than for those with low health literacy. Implications and recommendations are provided.
Keywords: dept.com

Direct-to-consumer (DTC) antidepressant advertising and consumer misperceptions about the chemical imbalance theory of depression: the moderating role of skepticism - Park, Jin Seong; Ahn, Ho-Young (Health Marketing Quarterly, 2013)
Based on a survey with members of an online consumer panel (N= 699), this study revealed that: (a) a substantial percentage of consumers held misperceptions about the chemical imbalance theory of depression; (b) personal and interpersonal experiences with depression positively related to such misperceptions; (c) overall, exposure to direct-to-consumer (DTC) antidepressant advertising did not significantly relate to misperceptions; and (d) DTC exposure magnified misperceptions when consumers were highly trustful of DTC advertising, whereas exposure diluted misperceptions when consumers were highly skeptical. Theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed, especially in light of the social responsibility of DTC advertising. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: Advertising as Topic; Antidepressive Agents; Brain Chemistry; Depression; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; advertizing; antidepressant agent; attitude to health; brain level; depression; dept.com; direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertising; drug effects; female; health beliefs; human; male; procedures; skepticism toward advertising; social responsibility of advertising

Interaction effects of perceived sponsor motives and facebook credibility on willingness to visit social cause facebook page - Lee, Yoon-Joo; Ahn, Ho-Young (Journal of Interactive Advertising, 2013)
Keywords: dept.com

Communication strategies in cosmetic surgery websites: an application of Taylor's six-segment message strategy wheel. - Ahn, Ho-Young Anthony; Wu, Lei; Taylor, Ronald E (Health marketing quarterly, 2013)
Using Taylor's six-segment message strategy wheel as a theoretical framework, this study examines the communication approach (transmission or ritual) and message strategy (ego, social, sensory, routine, acute need, or ration) of cosmetic surgery websites. A content analysis revealed a fairly even division between transmission and ritual approaches. Ration strategy was the exclusive strategy in the websites adopting a transmission approach. No routine or acute need strategies were observed. Websites incorporating the ritual approach used ego, social, and sensory strategies. Human female models and natural objects were incorporated to deliver emotional persuasion. Implications for cosmetic surgery web marketers are discussed.
Keywords: *Communication; *Marketing of Health Services/mt [Methods]; *Surgery, Plastic; Communication; Emotions; Female; Humans; Internet; Marketing of Health Services; Models, Theoretical; Motivation; Surgery, Plastic; Surgery, Plastic/px [Psychology]; Taylor's six-segment message strategy wheel; United States; article; content analysis; cosmetic surgery; dept.com; emotion; female; financial management; human; interpersonal communication; methodology; motivation; physician advertising; plastic surgery; psychological aspect; theoretical model

6: Enhancing Out-of-Class Communication - Farley‐Lucas, Bonnie S.; Sargent, Margaret M. (To Improve the Academy, 2011)
Out-of-class communication between faculty and students is linked to student learning, engagement, and success. As the source for mentoring, advising, and supplemental instruction, out-of-class communication and its barriers require explicit attention. Using a faculty-student collaborative research approach, we interviewed a diverse group of thirty-three undergraduates regarding behaviors, statements, and practices that contributed to or discouraged out-of-class communication. We found that in-class communication sets the stage for whether students approach faculty outside class and that faculty misbehaviors and disconfirming communication in class almost inevitably lead to out-of-class avoidance.
Keywords: dept.com

Orson welles, harry alan towers, and the many lives of harry lime - Tavares, Frank (Journal of Radio & Audio Media, 2010)
In 1951, prolific radio producer Harry Alan Towers created The Lives of Harry Lime, a 52-episode series starring Orson Welles. It was based on the character Welles made famous in the popular Carol Reed film, The Third Man. Its success was the result of Towers's aptitude for seeing the untapped marketing potential of an existing fictional character, combined with his facility at working through the legal restrictions, and his ability to convince a reluctant Welles to participate. This article traces the genesis, production, and distribution of the only radio series on which Welles played a recurring dramatic role, and examines Welles's limited involvement in his temporary return to radio well after becoming a filmmaker. © 2010 Broadcast Education Association.
Keywords: dept.com

Pediatric feeding in infants with pierre robin sequence following mandibular distraction osteogenesis - Mabry, Kelly (Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 2016)
Keywords: dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Aphasia, alexia, and agraphia - Purdy, Mary (Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology Encyclopedia of Mental Health (Second Edition), 2016)
Aphasia is a general language disorder resulting from brain damage, and alexia and agraphia are specific impairments in reading and writing, respectively. This article describes the symptoms associated with each disorder, the subtypes of each impairment, and the common causes. Assessment and management approaches consistent with the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning (WHO-ICF) are briefly reviewed. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Acquired language disorders; Agraphia; Alexia; Aphasia; Assessment; Communication disorder; Dysgraphia; Dyslexia; Dysphasia; Management; WHO-ICF; dept.cmd

Intensive multimodal communication treatment for people with chronic aphasia - Purdy, Mary; Wallace, Sarah E. (Aphasiology, 2016)
Background: Clinicians often teach persons with aphasia (PWA) non-verbal strategies to compensate for reduced verbal communication. The manner in which they teach the strategies may have an impact on how well PWA generalise and use the strategies. Previously, multimodal communication treatment (MCT) taught multiple modalities simultaneously. While participants demonstrated some increase in the flexible use of strategies, many communication breakdowns continued to occur. Recent research suggests that intensive treatment protocols result in the greatest increase in skills.Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether intensive (2-3hours/day, 5 days/week, for 2 weeks) multimodality communication training for aphasia resulted in increased successful use of verbal and non-verbal communication modalities as well as increased successful communicative repairs during structured communication tasks.Methods & Procedures: Three participants with chronic aphasia completed four baseline sessions, 10 treatment sessions across two phases (i.e., five sessions per phase), and three post-treatment sessions.Outcomes & Results: Two of the three participants demonstrated gains in the acquisition of non-verbal strategies during training and increased use of strategies on a referential communication task.Conclusions: Although MCT delivered intensely resulted in increased use of non-verbal modalities for two out of three participants, the results were similar to that achieved through the use of a non-intensive treatment protocol. Therefore, future research is needed to examine other potential modifications to maximise the gains people with aphasia receive from multimodal interventions.
Keywords: Article; Cognitive Linguistic Quick Test; accuracy; adult; aphasia; case report; cognitive function test; communication; dept.cmd; disease severity; hemiparesis; human; intensive treatment; interrater reliability; male; middle aged; multimodality communication training; nonverbal communication; outcome assessment; peer-reviewed; physiotherapy; strategy usage; training

Perception of speech sounds in school-aged children with speech sound disorders - Preston, Jonathan L.; Irwin, Julia R.; Turcios, Jacqueline (Seminars in Speech and Language, 2015)
Children with speech sound disorders may perceive speech differently than children with typical speech development. The nature of these speech differences is reviewed with an emphasis on assessing phoneme-specific perception for speech sounds that are produced in error. Category goodness judgment, or the ability to judge accurate and inaccurate tokens of speech sounds, plays an important role in phonological development. The software Speech Assessment and Interactive Learning System, which has been effectively used to assess preschoolers' ability to perform goodness judgments, is explored for school-aged children with residual speech errors (RSEs). However, data suggest that this particular, task may not be sensitive to perceptual differences in school-aged children. The need for the development of clinical tools for assessment of speech perception in school-aged children with RSE is highlighted, and clinical suggestions are provided.
Keywords: Child; Female; Humans; Male; Phonetics; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound Disorder; Speech sound disorder; assessment; child; dept.cmd; dept.psy; female; human; male; pathophysiology; phonetics; speech; speech perception; speech sound disorder

Ways of examining speech acts in young african american children: considering inside-out and outside-in approaches. - Dejarnette, Glenda; Rivers, Kenyatta O; Hyter, Yvette D (Topics in Language Disorders, 2015)
To develop a framework for further study of pragmatic behavior in young children from African American English (AAE) speaking backgrounds, one aspect of pragmatic behavior is explored in this article, specifically, speech acts. The aims of this article are to (1) examine examples of how external taxonomies (i.e., an “etic” or “outside-in” approach) have been applied to the speech act behavior of AAE child speakers and to note that etic approaches alone do not identify cultural characteristics that influence the presentation of speech acts in this population; (2) conceptualize a culture-sensitive framework where components of AAE speech act behaviors can be identified as gleaned from existing linguistic research; and (3) explain the utility of analyses of speech act behavior using taxonomies that have emerged from the cultural language style of AAE speakers, that is, an “emic” or “inside-out” approach.
Keywords: English speakers; communicative functions; dept.cmd; language behavior; pragmatic behavior; speech acts; young African American

Pragmatic language of african american children and adolescents: A systematic synthesis of the literature. - Hyter, Yvette D; Rivers, Kenyatta O; Dejarnette, Glenda (Topics in Language Disorders, 2015)
Purpose: A systematic review and synthesis was performed on published articles and dissertations produced between 1970 and 2013 that focused on selected pragmatic language behaviors of African American children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases and hand searches of articles located in the databases were used to identify the published articles and dissertations. Each article or dissertation was reviewed by at least 2 of the authors to determine whether it met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Selected observations of the documents that met criteria for inclusion were recorded on the Primary Research Appraisal Tool (PRAT; DeJarnette, Hyter, & Rivers, 2012), a data gathering and analysis framework developed by the authors specifically for this systematic synthesis. Results: The literature search resulted in 92 research articles and dissertations, 37 of which were eliminated because they did not meet all of the inclusion criteria. The documents that met our inclusion criteria focused primarily on the structure and/or content of narrative discourse rather than speech acts, other forms of discourse (e.g., conversation, expository), and presupposition/perspective taking skills. Six major themes identified in the major findings are used to summarize studies reviewed for this systematic synthesis. Conclusions: We (a) explain the current state of knowledge about African American pragmatic language behaviors, (b) explain major findings and implications of the extant literature in this topical area and how it may inform speech-language pathology practice, and (c) identify directions for future research on pragmatic language of African American children and adolescents.
Keywords: African American; communication functions; dept.cmd; discourse; pragmatic language; presupposition; speech acts; systematic review and synthesis; theory of mind

Phonological complexity in school-aged children who stutter and exhibit a language disorder. - Wolk, Lesley; LaSalle, Lisa R (Journal of fluency disorders, 2015)
PURPOSE: The Index of Phonological Complexity and the Word Complexity Measure are two measures of the phonological complexity of a word. Other phonological measures such as phonological neighborhood density have been used to compare stuttered versus fluent words. It appears that in preschoolers who stutter, the length and complexity of the utterance is more influential than the phonetic features of the stuttered word. The present hypothesis was that in school-age children who stutter, stuttered words would be more phonologically complex than fluent words, when the length and complexity of the utterance containing them is comparable. School-age speakers who stutter were hypothesized to differ from those with a concomitant language disorder., METHODS: Sixteen speakers, six females and ten males (M age=12;3; Range=7;7 to 19;5) available from an online database, were divided into eight who had a concomitant language disorder (S+LD) and eight age- and sex-matched speakers who did not (S-Only)., RESULTS: When all stuttered content words were identified, S+LD speakers produced more repetitions, and S-Only speakers produced more inaudible sound prolongations. When stuttered content words were matched to fluent content words and when talker groups were combined, stuttered words were significantly (p<=0.01) higher in both the Index of Phonological Complexity and the Word Complexity Measure and lower in density ("sparser") than fluent words., CONCLUSIONS: Results corroborate those of previous researchers. Future research directions are suggested, such as cross-sectional designs to evaluate developmental patterns of phonological complexity and stuttering plus language disordered connections., EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: The reader will be able to: (a) Define and describe phonological complexity; (b) Define phonological neighborhood density and summarize the literature on the topic; (c) Describe the Index of Phonological Complexity (IPC) for a given word; (d) Describe the Word Complexity Measure (WCM) for a given word; (e) Summarize two findings from the current study and describe how each relates to studies of phonological complexity and fluency disorders. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Language; *Linguistics; *Phonetics; *Stuttering; Adolescent; Adult; Article; Child; Concomitant disorders; Female; Humans; Language; Language disorders; Linguistics; Male; Phonetics; Phonological complexity; Schools; Speech; Speech Production Measurement; Stuttering; adolescent; adult; child; controlled study; data base; dept.cmd; female; fluency disorder; human; language; language disability; linguistics; male; phoneme; phonetics; school; school child; speech; speech analysis; stuttering

Development of an audiovisual speech perception app for children with autism spectrum disorders - Irwin, Julia; Preston, Jonathan; Brancazio, Lawrence; D'Angelo, Michael; Turcios, Jacqueline (Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 2015)
Perception of spoken language requires attention to acoustic as well as visible phonetic information. This article reviews the known differences in audiovisual speech perception in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and specifies the need for interventions that address this construct. Elements of an audiovisual training program are described. This researcher-developed program delivered via an iPad app presents natural speech in the context of increasing noise, but supported with a speaking face. Children are cued to attend to visible articulatory information to assist in perception of the spoken words. Data from four children with ASD ages 8-10 are presented showing that the children improved their performance on an untrained auditory speech-in-noise task.
Keywords: Attention; Audiovisual Aids; Audiovisual app; Autism spectrum disorder; Child; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive; Comprehension; Humans; Lipreading; Male; Mobile Applications; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Phonetics; Semantics; Speech Perception; Speech perception; attention; audiovisual aid; child; comprehension; dept.cmd; dept.hls; dept.psy; human; lip reading; male; mobile application; pattern recognition; phonetics; psychology; semantics; speech perception

Ultrasound visual feedback treatment and practice variability for residual speech sound errors - Preston, Jonathan L.; McCabe, Patricia; Rivera-Campos, Ahmed; Whittle, Jessica L.; Landry, Erik; Maas, Edwin (Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 2014)
Purpose: The goals were to (a) test the efficacy of a motor-learning-based treatment that includes ultrasound visual feedback for individuals with residual speech sound errors and (b) explore whether the addition of prosodic cueing facilitates speech sound learning. Method: A multiple-baseline, single-subject design was used, replicated across 8 participants. For each participant, 1 sound context was treated with ultrasound plus prosodic cueing for 7 sessions, and another sound context was treated with ultrasound but without prosodic cueing for 7 sessions. Sessions included ultrasound visual feedback as well as non-ultrasound treatment. Word-level probes assessing untreated words were used to evaluate retention and generalization. Results: For most participants, increases in accuracy of target sound contexts at the word level were observed with the treatment program regardless of whether prosodic cueing was included. Generalization between onset singletons and clusters was observed, as was generalization to sentence-level accuracy. There was evidence of retention during posttreatment probes, including at a 2-month follow-up. Conclusion: A motor-based treatment program that includes ultrasound visual feedback can facilitate learning of speech sounds in individuals with residual speech sound errors.
Keywords: Child; Cues; Feedback, Sensory; Female; Humans; Male; Phonetics; Speech; Speech Sound Disorder; Speech Therapy; Ultrasonography; Young Adult; association; child; dept.cmd; diagnostic imaging; echography; female; human; male; pathophysiology; phonetics; physiology; procedures; sensory feedback; speech; speech sound disorder; speech therapy; young adult; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Glutamate and choline levels predict individual differences in reading ability in emergent readers - Pugh, Kenneth R.; Frost, Stephen J.; Rothman, Douglas L.; Hoeft, Fumiko; Tufo, Stephanie N. Del; Mason, Graeme F.; Molfese, Peter J.; Mencl, W. Einar; Grigorenko, Elena L.; Landi, Nicole; Preston, Jonathan L.; Jacobsen, Leslie; et al. (The Journal of Neuroscience, 2014)
Reading disability is a brain-based difficulty in acquiring fluent reading skills that affects significant numbers of children. Although neuroanatomical and neurofunctional networks involved in typical and atypical reading are increasingly well characterized, the underlying neurochemical bases of individual differences in reading development are virtually unknown. The current study is the first to examine neurochemistry in children during the critical period in which the neurocircuits that support skilled reading are still developing. In a longitudinal pediatric sample of emergent readers whose reading indicators range on a continuum from impaired to superior, we examined the relationship between individual differences in reading and reading-related skills and concentrations of neurometabolites measured using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Both continuous and group analyses revealed that choline and glutamate concentrations were negatively correlated with reading and related linguistic measures in phonology and vocabulary (such that higher concentrations were associated with poorer performance). Correlations with behavioral scores obtained 24 months later reveal stability for the relationship between glutamate and reading performance. Implications for neurodevelopmental models of reading and reading disability are discussed, including possible links of choline and glutamate to white matter anomalies and hyperexcitability. These findings point to new directions for research on gene-brain-behavior pathways in human studies of reading disability. © 2014 the authors.
Keywords: 4 aminobutyric acid; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Child; Choline; Decoding; Dyslexia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Individual differences; Individuality; Learning; MRS; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Phonetics; Phonological processing; Predictive Value of Tests; Reading; Reading disability; Vocabulary; article; behavior; child; choline; decoding; dept.cmd; female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; glutamic acid; human; human experiment; individual differences; language ability; linguistics; male; nerve cell differentiation; nerve excitability; normal human; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phonetics; phonological processing; priority journal; reading; reading disability; school child; speech

Structural brain differences in school-age children with residual speech sound errors. - Preston, Jonathan L; Molfese, Peter J; Mencl, W Einar; Frost, Stephen J; Hoeft, Fumiko; Fulbright, Robert K; Landi, Nicole; Grigorenko, Elena L; Seki, Ayumi; Felsenfeld, Susan; Pugh, Kenneth R (Brain and Language, 2014)
The purpose of the study was to identify structural brain differences in school-age children with residual speech sound errors. Voxel based morphometry was used to compare gray and white matter volumes for 23 children with speech sound errors, ages 8;6-11;11, and 54 typically speaking children matched on age, oral language, and IQ. We hypothesized that regions associated with production and perception of speech sounds would differ between groups. Results indicated greater gray matter volumes for the speech sound error group relative to typically speaking controls in bilateral superior temporal gyrus. There was greater white matter volume in the corpus callosum for the speech sound error group, but less white matter volume in right lateral occipital gyrus. Results may indicate delays in neuronal pruning in critical speech regions or differences in the development of networks for speech perception and production. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Brain/pa [Pathology]; *Language Development Disorders/pa [Pathology]; *Phonetics; *Speech Perception; Brain; Child; Children; Humans; Language Development Disorders; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Phonetics; Speech Perception; Speech sound disorders; Speech sound errors; Structural MRI; article; brain region; brain size; child; clinical article; controlled study; corpus callosum; dept.cmd; female; gray matter; human; male; neuroanatomy; occipital gyrus; school child; speech articulation; speech perception; speech sound disorder; speech sound error; superior temporal gyrus; voxel based morphometry; white matter

Ultrasound visual feedback for acquired apraxia of speech: A case report - Preston, Jonathan L; Leaman, Marion (Aphasiology, 2014)
Background: Individuals with acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) can lose precision of articulatory movements, including the ability to achieve correct production of specific sounds or sound sequences. Novel treatment approaches should be explored to enhance treatment outcomes.Aims: To evaluate the clinical feasibility of ultrasound visual feedback of the tongue for addressing errors on rhotics in a patient with AOS. Ultrasound visual feedback was used to provide knowledge of performance to the participant.Methods & Procedures: A multiple baseline single case report is presented to evaluate a treatment programme that uses visual feedback of the participant's tongue from real-time ultrasound images. A blocked practice schedule was implemented during 12 one-hour therapy sessions; 30 minutes involved ultrasound visual feedback (10 minutes of pre-practice and 20 minutes of practice) and 20 minutes involved non-ultrasound practice. Cues were provided to modify tongue shape to achieve perceptually accurate production of rhotics, along with practice trials with increasing levels of phonetic complexity. The feedback type (verbal knowledge of performance and knowledge of results) and feedback frequency (number of trials with feedback) were structured to adhere to principles of motor learning.Outcomes & Results: The participant demonstrated moderate evidence of acquisition of prevocalic rhotics and strong evidence of acquisition of postvocalic rhotics during treatment. There was evidence of retention and generalisation only for postvocalic rhotics. An untreated context was probed regularly and showed no evidence of improvement.Conclusion: The results provide preliminary support for the feasibility of this treatment approach for improving speech accuracy in adults with acquired AOS. The improvements in stimulability for the treated sound sequences could be used to foster further motor learning. © 2014 © Taylor & Francis Group.
Keywords: Apraxia; Articulation; Clinical feasibility; Feedback; Feedback frequency; Feedback type; Generalisation; Motor learning; Patient treatment; Speech; Ultrasonics; Ultrasound; Ultrasound images; Visual communication; Visual feedback; adult; aphasia; apraxia of speech; article; association; ataxic aphasia; case report; cerebrovascular accident; dept.cmd; error; female; human; knowledge; learning; middle aged; peer-reviewed; phonetics; speech and language assessment; speech language pathologist; tongue; ultrasound; visual analysis; visual feedback; vocalization

Neurophysiology of speech differences in childhood apraxia of speech - Preston, Jonathan L; Molfese, Peter J; Gumkowski, Nina; Sorcinelli, Andrea; Harwood, Vanessa; Irwin, Julia; Landi, Nicole (Developmental Neuropsychology, 2014)
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a picture naming task of simple and complex words in children with typical speech and with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Results reveal reduced amplitude prior to speaking complex (multisyllabic) words relative to simple (monosyllabic) words for the CAS group over the right hemisphere during a time window thought to reflect phonological encoding of word forms. Group differences were also observed prior to production of spoken tokens regardless of word complexity during a time window just prior to speech onset (thought to reflect motor planning/programming). Results suggest differences in pre-speech neurolinguistic processes.
Keywords: Adolescent; Apraxias; Child; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Linguistics; Male; Neurophysiology; Speech; adolescent; apraxia; article; child; comparative study; dept.cmd; dept.psy; evoked response; female; human; linguistics; male; neurophysiology; pathophysiology; physiology; speech

A multimodal communication program for aphasia during inpatient rehabilitation: A case study. - Wallace, Sarah E; Purdy, Mary; Skidmore, Elizabeth (NeuroRehabilitation, 2014)
BACKGROUND: Communication is essential for successful rehabilitation, yet few aphasia treatments have been investigated during the acute stroke phase. Alternative modality use including gesturing, writing, or drawing has been shown to increase communicative effectiveness in people with chronic aphasia. Instruction in alternative modality use during acute stroke may increase patient communication and participation, therefore resulting in fewer adverse situations and improved rehabilitation outcomes., OBJECTIVE: The study purpose was to explore a multimodal communication program for aphasia (MCPA) implemented during acute stroke rehabilitation. MCPA aims to improve communication modality production, and to facilitate switching among modalities to resolve communication breakdowns., METHODS: Two adults with severe aphasia completed MCPA beginning at 2 and 3 weeks post onset a single left-hemisphere stroke. Probes completed during each session allowed for evaluation of modality production and modality switching accuracy., RESULTS: Participants completed MCPA (10 and 14 treatment sessions respectively) and their performance on probes suggested increased accuracy in the production of various alternate communication modalities. However, increased switching to an alternate modality was noted for only one participant., CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of multimodal treatment during inpatient rehabilitation is warranted. In particular, comparisons between multimodal and standard treatments would help determine appropriate interventions for this setting.
Keywords: *Aphasia/px [Psychology]; *Aphasia/rh [Rehabilitation]; *Communication; *Communication Aids for Disabled; *Communication Disorders/px [Psychology]; *Communication Disorders/rh [Rehabilitation]; Aphasia; Article; Communication; Communication Aids for Disabled; Communication Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychomotor Performance; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation; Stroke/co [Complications]; Stroke/px [Psychology]; Treatment Outcome; acute rehabilitation; adult; aphasia; case report; cerebrovascular accident; communication aid; complication; dept.cmd; female; hospital patient; human; interpersonal communication; left hemisphere; male; mental performance; middle aged; multimodal treatment; neuropsychological test; psychological rating scale; psychology; psychomotor performance; rehabilitation care; stroke; treatment outcome

Ultrasound biofeedback treatment for persisting childhood apraxia of speech - Preston, Jonathan L.; Brick, Nickole; Landi, Nicole (American Journal of Speech-language Pathology, 2013)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment program that includes ultrasound biofeedback for children with persisting speech sound errors associated with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Method: Six children ages 9-15 years participated in a multiple baseline experiment for 18 treatment sessions during which treatment focused on producing sequences involving lingual sounds. Children were cued to modify their tongue movements using visual feedback from real-time ultrasound images. Probe data were collected before, during, and after treatment to assess word-level accuracy for treated and untreated sound sequences. As participants reached preestablished performance criteria, new sequences were introduced into treatment. Results: All participants met the performance criterion (80% accuracy for 2 consecutive sessions) on at least 2 treated sound sequences. Across the 6 participants, performance criterion was met for 23 of 31 treated sequences in an average of 5 sessions. Some participants showed no improvement in untreated sequences, whereas others showed generalization to untreated sequences that were phonetically similar to the treated sequences. Most gains were maintained 2 months after the end of treatment. The percentage of phonemes correct increased significantly from pretreatment to the 2-month follow-up. Conclusion: A treatment program including ultrasound biofeedback is a viable option for improving speech sound accuracy in children with persisting speech sound errors associated with CAS.
Keywords: Adolescent; Apraxias; Articulation; Biofeedback, Psychology; Child; Childhood apraxia of speech; Children; Cues; Efficacy; Feedback, Sensory; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intervention; Male; Phonetics; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speech Therapy; Speech sound disorders; Tongue; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy; adolescent; apraxia; article; articulation; association; child; childhood apraxia of speech; children; clinical trial; dept.cmd; echography; efficacy; follow up; human; intervention; male; methodology; pathophysiology; phonetics; physiology; psychophysiology; sensory feedback; speech; speech disorder; speech sound disorders; speech therapy; tongue; treatment outcome; ultrasound therapy

Toward improved spectral measures of /s/: results from adolescents - Koenig, Laura L.; Shadle, Christine H.; Preston, Jonathan L.; Mooshammer, Christine R. (Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 2013)
Purpose: This article introduces theoretically driven acoustic measures of /s/ that reflect aerodynamic and articulatory conditions. The measures were evaluated by assessing whether they revealed expected changes over time and labiality effects, along with possible gender differences suggested by past work. Method: Productions of /s/ were extracted from various speaking tasks from typically speaking adolescents (6 boys, 6 girls). Measures were made of relative spectral energies in low-(550-3000 Hz), mid-(3000-7000 Hz), and high-frequency regions (7000-11025 Hz); the mid-frequency amplitude peak; and temporal changes in these parameters. Spectral moments were also obtained to permit comparison with existing work. Results: Spectral balance measures in low-mid and mid-high frequency bands varied over the time course of /s/, capturing the development of sibilance at mid-fricative along with showing some effects of gender and labiality. The mid-frequency spectral peak was significantly higher in nonlabial contexts, and in girls. Temporal variation in the mid-frequency peak differentiated +/- labial contexts while normalizing over gender. Conclusions: The measures showed expected patterns, supporting their validity. Comparison of these data with studies of adults suggests some developmental patterns that call for further study. The measures may also serve to differentiate some cases of typical and misarticulated /s/.
Keywords: Acoustics; Adolescent; Adolescents; Development; Female; Humans; Lip; Male; Phonetics; Reference Values; Sex Characteristics; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Speech production; Verbal Behavior; acoustics; adolescent; adolescents; article; comparative study; dept.cmd; development; female; human; lip; male; phonetics; reference value; sexual development; speech; speech production; verbal behavior

Preschool speech error patterns predict articulation and phonological awareness outcomes in children with histories of speech sound disorders. - Preston, Jonathan L; Hull, Margaret; Edwards, Mary Louise (American journal of speech-language pathology, 2013)
Purpose: To determine if speech error patterns in preschoolers with speech sound disorders (SSDs) predict articulation and phonological awareness (PA) outcomes almost 4 years later. Method: Twenty-five children with histories of preschool SSDs (and normal receptive language) were tested at an average age of 4;6 (years;months) and were followed up at age 8;3. The frequency of occurrence of preschool distortion errors, typical substitution and syllable structure errors, and atypical substitution and syllable structure errors was used to predict later speech sound production, PA, and literacy outcomes. Results: Group averages revealed below-average schoolage articulation scores and low-average PA but ageappropriate reading and spelling. Preschool speech error patterns were related to school-age outcomes. Children for whom >10% of their speech sound errors were atypical had lower PA and literacy scores at school age than children who produced <10% atypical errors. Preschoolers who produced more distortion errors were likely to have lower school-age articulation scores than preschoolers who produced fewer distortion errors. Conclusion: Different preschool speech error patterns predict different school-age clinical outcomes. Many atypical speech sound errors in preschoolers may be indicative of weak phonological representations, leading to long-term PA weaknesses. Preschoolers' distortions may be resistant to change over time, leading to persisting speech sound production problems. © American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
Keywords: *Articulation Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; *Language Tests; *Phonetics; *Speech; *Speech Articulation Tests; Awareness; Child; Child Language; Child, Preschool; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Language Disorders/di [Diagnosis]; Literacy; Male; Outcomes; Phonological awareness; Predictive Value of Tests; Psycholinguistics; Reading; Speech Production Measurement; Speech Sound Disorder; Speech production; Speech sound disorders; dept.cmd

The relationship between phonological and auditory processing and brain organization in beginning readers - Pugh, Kenneth R.; Landi, Nicole; Preston, Jonathan L.; Mencl, W. Einar; Austin, Alison C.; Sibley, Daragh; Fulbright, Robert K.; Seidenberg, Mark S.; Grigorenko, Elena L.; Constable, R. Todd; Molfese, Peter; Frost, Stephen J. (Brain and Language, 2013)
We employed brain-behavior analyses to explore the relationship between performance on tasks measuring phonological awareness, pseudoword decoding, and rapid auditory processing (all predictors of reading (dis)ability) and brain organization for print and speech in beginning readers. For print-related activation, we observed a shared set of skill-correlated regions, including left hemisphere temporoparietal and occipitotemporal sites, as well as inferior frontal, visual, visual attention, and subcortical components. For speech-related activation, shared variance among reading skill measures was most prominently correlated with activation in left hemisphere inferior frontal gyrus and precuneus. Implications for brain-based models of literacy acquisition are discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Awareness; Brain; Brain Mapping; Child; Child, Preschool; Decoding; FMRI; Female; Humans; Individual differences; Male; Phonological awareness; Photic Stimulation; Psychomotor Performance; Rapid auditory processing; Reading; Speech; Speech Perception; Thalamus; Visual Perception; article; attention; child; dept.cmd; female; frontal lobe; hearing; human; human experiment; inferior frontal gyrus; left hemisphere; male; neurophysiology; normal human; occipital lobe; parietal lobe; phonetics; precuneus; preschool child; printing; reading; school child; speech; task performance; temporal lobe; visual cortex; word recognition

Auditory cortical processing in noise in younger and older adults - Mccullagh, Jennifer; Shinn, Jennifer B (Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2013)
Objective: A common clinical complaint among older adults is difficulty hearing in noise, even in those with normal or near-normal peripheral hearing sensitivity. Researchers have demonstrated behavioral hearing in noise deficits in older adults, but to date limited evidence, particularly objective, exists elucidating the effects of age on auditory cortical processing in noise. The purpose of this investigation was to explore age related differences in auditory cortical processing at multiple signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Study design: Twenty normal-hearing young adults and 15 normal-hearing older adults participated in the study. Late auditory evoked potential (N1 and P2) latencies and amplitudes were measured in quiet and at three signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) (+ 20, + 10, and 0 SNR). Repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to determine if statistically significant differences existed. Results: Significant group by listening condition interactions existed for N1 and P2 amplitudes. P2 latencies were significantly longer for the older adult group compared to the younger adult group. In addition, N1 and P2 amplitudes were significantly smaller for the younger adult group compared to the older adult group. Conclusion: Results suggest a possibly greater reduction in the synchronous neuronal response from quiet to noisy conditions in older adults than in younger adults. © 2013 Informa Healthcare.
Keywords: Aging; Auditory late potentials; Hearing in noise; N1; P2; dept.cmd; peer-reviewed

Functional brain activation differences in school-age children with speech sound errors: speech and print processing - Preston, Jonathan L.; Felsenfeld, Susan; Frost, Stephen J.; Mencl, W. Einar; Fulbright, Robert K.; Grigorenko, Elena L.; Landi, Nicole; Seki, Ayumi; Pugh, Kenneth R. (Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 2012)
Purpose: To examine neural response to spoken and printed language in children with speech sound errors (SSE). Method: Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare processing of auditorily and visually presented words and pseudowords in 17 children with SSE, ages 8; 6[years; months] through 10; 10, with 17 matched controls. Results: When processing spoken words and pseudowords, the SSE group showed less activation than typically speaking controls in left middle temporal gyrus. They also showed greater activation than controls in several cortical and subcortical regions (e. g., left superior temporal gyrus, globus pallidus, insula, fusiform, and bilateral parietal regions). In response to printed words and pseudowords, children with SSE had greater activation than controls in regions including bilateral fusiform and anterior cingulate. Some differences were found in both speech and print processing that that may be associated with children with SSE failing to show common patterns of task-induced deactivation and/or attentional resource allocation. Conclusion: Compared with controls, children with SSE appear to rely more on several dorsal speech perception regions and less on ventral speech perception regions. When processing print, numerous regions were observed to be activated more for the SSE group than for controls.
Keywords: Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Female; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Globus Pallidus; Gyrus Cinguli; Humans; Language Development Disorders; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Parietal Lobe; Phonetics; Photic Stimulation; Print processing; Reading; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech perception; Speech sound errors; Temporal Lobe; Visual Cortex; article; brain; brain cortex; child; cingulate gyrus; dept.cmd; female; globus pallidus; human; language disability; male; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; parietal lobe; pathophysiology; phonetics; photostimulation; physiology; reading; speech; speech perception; temporal lobe; visual cortex

Auditory cortical processing in noise in normal-hearing young adults - Mccullagh, Jennifer; Musiek, Frank E; Shinn, Jennifer B (Audiological Medicine, 2012)
Objective: The ability to hear in background noise is related to the processing of the incoming acoustic signal in the peripheral auditory system as well as the central auditory nervous system (CANS). Electrophysiological tests have the ability to demonstrate the underlying neural integrity of the CANS, but to date a lack of literature exists demonstrating the effects of background noise on auditory cortical potentials. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to systematically investigate the effects of white noise on tone burst-evoked late auditory evoked potentials (N1, P2, and P3) in normal hearing young adults. Study Design: Twenty young-adult normal-hearing individuals served as subjects. A comparison of the late auditory evoked potentials (N1, P2, and P3) was made at multiple signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) (quiet, + 20, + 10, 0). N1, P2, and P3 were elicited and both amplitude and latency were measured for each of the potentials. A standard oddball paradigm with binaural stimulation was used to evoke the potentials. Repeated Measures Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted for both the experimental factors of amplitude and latency with within subjects factors of condition (quiet, + 20, + 10, 0). Results: Results indicated no significant differences in N1, P2, or P3 amplitude or latency between the quiet and + 20 SNR condition; however, at poorer SNRs significant N1, P2, and P3 amplitude and/or latency differences were observed. Conclusion: The results indicate a change in higher-order neural function related to the presence of increased noise in the environment. © 2012 Informa Healthcare.
Keywords: Auditory evoked potentials; Central auditory processing; Hearing in noise; Late auditory evoked potentials; N1; P2; P3; Signal to noise ratio; adult; amplitude modulation; article; auditory nervous system; auditory stimulation; central nervous system; controlled study; dept.cmd; electrophysiology; evoked auditory response; female; hearing; human; human experiment; late auditory evoked potential; male; normal human; priority journal; sensory system electrophysiology; signal noise ratio

Searching for Potocki–Lupski syndrome phenotype: A patient with language impairment and no autism - Ercan-Sencicek, A. Gulhan; Wright, Nicole R. Davis; Frost, Stephen J.; Fulbright, Robert K.; Felsenfeld, Susan; Hart, Lesley; Landi, Nicole; Mencl, W. Einar; Sanders, Stephan J.; Pugh, Kenneth R.; State, Matthew W.; Grigorenko, Elena L. (Brain & Development, 2011)
Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS; OMIM 610883) is a genomic syndrome that arises as a result of a duplication of 17p11.2. Although numerous cases of individuals with PTLS have been presented in the literature, its behavioral characterization is still ambiguous. We present a male child with a de novo dup(17)(p11.2p11.2) and he does not possess any autistic features, but is characterized by severe speech and language impairment. In the context of the analyses of this patient and other cases of PTLS, we argue that the central feature of the syndrome appears to be related to diminished speech and language capacity, rather than the specific social deficits central to autism. © 2011.
Keywords: 17p11.2; Autistic Disorder; Child; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; Humans; Inv(8)(q21.3-q24.1); Language Disorders; Language and speech impairment; Male; Phenotype; Potocki Lupski syndrome; Potocki-Lupski syndrome; Smith-Magenis Syndrome; academic achievement; adaptive behavior; article; case report; child; child development; chromosome 17p; chromosome duplication; clinical feature; dept.cmd; functional magnetic resonance imaging; genetic disorder; human; intelligence; language development; language disability; male; malformation syndrome; school child

Does the post-adoption environment significantly improve the verbal performance of young Russian adoptees - Felsenfeld, Susan; Hart, Lesley; Grigorenko, Elena (Behavior Genetics, 2011)
Keywords: dept.cmd; ⛔ No DOI found

Phonetic variability in residual speech sound disorders exploration of subtypes - Preston, Jonathan L.; Koenig, Laura L. (Topics in Language Disorders, 2011)
Purpose: To explore whether subgroups of children with residual speech sound disorders (R-SSDs) can be identified through multiple measures of token-to-token phonetic variability (changes in one spoken production to the next). Method: Children with R-SSDs were recorded during a rapid multisyllabic picture naming task and an oral diadochokinetic task. Transcription-based and acoustic measures of token-to-token variability were derived. Articulation accuracy and general indices of language skills were measured as well. Results: Low correlations were observed between transcription-based and acoustic measures of phonetic variability, and among the acoustic measures themselves. Children who were the most variable on one measure were not necessarily highly variable on other measures. Transcription-based measures of variability were associated with language skills. Conclusions: Measures of phonetic variability did not identify children in the sample as consistently high or low. Data do not support the notion that clear subgroups based on phonetic variability can be reliably identified in children with R-SSDs. The link between highly variable phonetic output (quantified by transcription-based measures) and lower language skills requires further exploration.
Keywords: acoustic analysis; dept.cmd; phonetic variability; residual speech sound disorders

Identifying residual speech sound disorders in bilingual children: A japanese-english case study - Preston, Jonathan L.; Seki, Ayumi (American Journal of Speech-language Pathology, 2011)
Purpose: To describe (a) the assessment of residual speech sound disorders (SSDs) in bilinguals by distinguishing speech patterns associated with second language acquisition from patterns associated with misarticulations and (b) how assessment of domains such as speech motor control and phonological awareness can provide a more complete understanding of SSDs in bilinguals. Method: A review of Japanese phonology is provided to offer a context for understanding the transfer of Japanese to English productions. A case study of an 11-year-old is presented, demonstrating parallel speech assessments in English and Japanese. Speech motor and phonological awareness tasks were conducted in both languages. Results: Several patterns were observed in the participant's English that could be plausibly explained by the influence of Japanese phonology. However, errors indicating a residual SSD were observed in both Japanese and English. A speech motor assessment suggested possible speech motor control problems, and phonological awareness was judged to be within the typical range of performance in both languages. Conclusion: Understanding the phonological characteristics of the native language can help clinicians recognize speech patterns in the second language associated with transfer. Once these differences are understood, patterns associated with a residual SSD can be identified. Supplementing a relational speech analysis with measures of speech motor control and phonological awareness can provide a more comprehensive understanding of a client's strengths and needs.
Keywords: Articulation; Assessment; Bilingualism; Residual speech sound disorders; Speech motor control; dept.cmd

Change in pragmatic language in infant-toddlers with autism spectrum disorder: A retrospective study - Buckingham, Mallory; Newman, Diana B (Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 2011)
Keywords: dept.cmd

Attentional regulation in young twins with probable stuttering, high nonfluency, and typical fluency. - Felsenfeld, Susan; van Beijsterveldt, Catharina Eugenie Maria; Boomsma, Dorret Irene (Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2010)
PURPOSE: Using a sample of 20,445 Dutch twins, this study examined the relationship between speech fluency and attentional regulation in children. A secondary objective was to identify etiological overlap between nonfluency and poor attention using fluency-discordant twin pairs., METHOD: Three fluency groups were created at age 5 using a parent questionnaire: (a) probable stuttering (PS; N=826; 4.0%), highly nonfluent (HNF; N=547; 2.7%), and typically fluent (TF; N=19,072; 93%). Multiple scales assessing attention, primarily self-regulation/inhibition, were obtained from both parents when children were ages 5 and 7 and from teachers when children were age 7., RESULTS: When compared with the TF controls, both the PS and HNF children received higher (i.e., more problematic) scores on parental attention ratings at both ages (p<.002). Effect sizes were moderate for both groups. Teacher and parent ratings were generally comparable. The discordant co-twin analyses suggested that nonfluency and attention were influenced by potentially overlapping genetic and shared environmental factors., CONCLUSIONS: The liability to express both high nonfluency and problems with self-regulation/inhibition may arise from a common set of pathogenic mechanisms. This supports emerging models of stuttering, which propose that poor fluency may be part of a broader network of impaired self-regulatory processes.
Keywords: *Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/co [Complications]; *Attention/ph [Physiology]; *Executive Function/ph [Physiology]; *Speech/ph [Physiology]; *Stuttering/co [Complications]; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/px [Psychology]; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Diseases in Twins; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Inhibition (Psychology); Inhibition, Psychological; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Nonfluency; Reference Values; Self Efficacy; Speech; Speech Production Measurement; Stuttering; Stuttering/pp [Physiopathology]; Stuttering/px [Psychology]; Twins; article; attention; attention deficit disorder; case control study; child; cohort analysis; comparative study; dept.cmd; executive function; female; human; inhibition (psychology); longitudinal study; male; pathophysiology; physiology; preschool child; psychological aspect; reference value; self concept; speech; speech analysis; stuttering; twins; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Impact of chromosome 4p-Syndrome on communication and expressive language skills: A preliminary investigation - Marshall, Althea T (Language, speech, and hearing services in schools, 2010)
PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of Chromosome 4p- syndrome on the communication and expressive language phenotype of a large cross-cultural population of children, adolescents, and adults., METHOD: A large-scale survey study was conducted and a descriptive research design was used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data regarding the communication and expressive language manifestations of 200 children, youth, and adults from 16 countries and Puerto Rico who had been diagnosed with 4p conditions, including Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS), Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome (PRDS), Proximal 4p Deletion syndrome, and complex chromosomal rearrangements associated with 4p-., RESULTS: Individuals with Chromosome 4p- syndrome represent a heterogeneous population with complex phenotypic profiles. The majority of the participants exhibited communication and expressive language skills below the 36-month developmental functioning level. A relatively small cohort of the study population exhibited advanced expressive language skills, a finding not reported in the professional literature., CONCLUSION: Results broaden the spectrum of expressive language skills associated with Chromosome 4p- syndrome and highlight the communication potential of a subset of individuals with 4p abnormalities for development of advanced language structures. It is hypothesized that the largest 4p deletion, which includes the 4p16.3 band and contiguous gene regions, results in the most severely affected expressive language phenotype.
Keywords: *Chromosome Disorders/ge [Genetics]; *Chromosome Disorders/px [Psychology]; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; *Communication; *Language; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromosome Disorders; Chromosome Disorders/co [Complications]; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; Cohort Studies; Communication; Communication Disorders; Communication Disorders/co [Complications]; Communication Disorders/ge [Genetics]; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Developmental disabilities; Female; Genetics; Humans; Infant; Language; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Syndrome; Wolf Hirschhorn syndrome; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome/co [Complications]; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome/ge [Genetics]; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome/px [Psychology]; Young Adult; adolescent; adult; article; child; chromosome 4; chromosome disorder; cohort analysis; communication disorder; complication; cultural factor; dept.cmd; female; genetics; human; infant; interpersonal communication; language; male; middle aged; phenotype; preschool child; psychological aspect; psychology; syndrome; young adult

The handbook of language and speech disorders - delayed language development in preschool children - Weiss, Deborah; Paul, Rhea (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)
Keywords: dept.cmd

Bivariate genetic analyses of stuttering and nonfluency in a large sample of 5-Year-Old twins - Beijsterveldt, Catharina Eugenie Maria Van; Felsenfeld, Susan; Boomsma, Dorret I (Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 2010)
Purpose: Behavioral genetic studies of speech fluency have focused on participants who present with clinical stuttering. Knowledge about genetic influences on the development and regulation of normal speech fluency is limited. The primary aims of this study were to identify the heritability of stuttering and high nonfluency and to assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the correlation between these 2 fluency phenotypes. Method: Information on 6 specific speech fluency behaviors was obtained by maternal report for over 10,500 5-year-old Dutch twin pairs. Results: Genetic analyses revealed that both fluency phenotypes were moderately heritable, with heritability estimates of 42% and 45% for probable stuttering and high nonfluency, respectively. Shared environmental factors were also significant, explaining 44% of the individual differences in probable stuttering and 32% in nonfluency. For both phenotypes, the magnitude of the genetic and environmental influences did not differ between boys and girls. The overlap between the 2 traits was substantial (tetrachoric correlation was .72). A bivariate genetic analysis showed that this overlap was due to both overlapping genetic and environmental influences. Conclusions: These findings provide a foundation to justify further studies in normal fluency control, a scientific area that has received little cross-disciplinary attention.
Keywords: Child Language; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Environment; Female; Heritability; Humans; Male; Models, Genetic; Multivariate Analysis; Netherlands; Nonfluency; Phenotype; Probability; Questionnaires; Sex Factors; Speech Disorders; Stuttering; Twins; Twins, Dizygotic; Twins, Monozygotic; article; biological model; cohort analysis; dept.cmd; dizygotic twins; environment; female; genetics; human; language development; male; monozygotic twins; multivariate analysis; phenotype; preschool child; probability; questionnaire; sex difference; speech disorder; stuttering; twins

Impact and implications of word-finding difficulties in adolescents on listening comprehension assessment - Newman, Diana B (Communication Disorders Quarterly, 2010)
This investigation examined the listening comprehension (LC) performance of two groups of adolescent struggling readers, one group with word-finding difficulties (WFD) and one with no word-finding difficulties (NWFD). Of interest was whether the expressive language difficulties of the WFD group would interfere with their success on a LC assessment that requires oral responses to complete. Findings indicated that whereas the performance of the WFD group was comparable with the NWFD group when LC was measured using a multiple-choice response format, their performance was significantly poorer when LC was measured using an open-ended verbal response format, suggesting that learners' WFD could interfere with their success on such assessments. Practical implications of these findings for the assessment of LC as part of adolescents' reading evaluations are discussed. © 2010 Hammill Institute on Disabilities.
Keywords: adolescent; article; child; comprehension; controlled study; dept.cmd; human; language disability; listening comprehension; mental performance; multiple choice test; priority journal; reading; reading assessments; school child; task performance; word finding difficulty; word recognition; word-finding

Factors influencing AAC usage by individuals with aphasia - Purdy, Mary; Dietz, Aimee (Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2010)
Keywords: dept.cmd

Delayed Language Development in Preschool Children - Weiss, Deborah; Paul, Rhea (The Handbook of Language and Speech Disorders, 2010)
Keywords: "delayed language development" (DLD); "specific language impairment" (SLI); Delayed language development in preschool children; Developing language stage; Intervention for children with DLD; Language development and departure from typical acquisition in preschool children; Linguistic Characteristics of Children with DLD; Speech disorders; Language disorders; Communicative disorders; Speech-language pathologist (SLP)-primarily because their speech contains frequent articulation errors; Targets for vocabulary training for preschoolers with DLD; delayed language development in preschool children; dept.cmd; developing language stage; faculty_collection; intervention for children with DLD; language development and departure from typical acquisition in preschool children; speech-language pathologist (SLP) - primarily because their speech contains frequent articulation errors; targets for vocabulary training for preschoolers with DLD; “delayed language development” (DLD); “specific language impairment” (SLI)

Microwave synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles catalyzed by bismuth chloride in water - Coca, Adiel; Feinn, Liana; Dudley, Joshua (Synthetic Communications, 2015)
(Chemical Equation Presented). Bismuth chloride was used to catalyze the [2 + 3] cycloaddition between sodium azide with aryl nitriles, aliphatic nitriles, and vinyl nitriles. A number of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles were synthesized in water or isopropanol/water mixtures using microwave heating. Good yields were obtained for these reactions when heated for 1 h at 120-160°C in a 3:1 isopropanol/water mixture. A few of the less reactive nitriles required longer reaction times for good yields. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: 2 propanol; 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles; Article; Bismuth chloride; [2+3] cycloaddition; acidification; bismuth derivative; carbon nuclear magnetic resonance; catalyst; chloride; cycloaddition; dept.che; micro-wave; microwave cooking; microwave radiation; nitrile; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; reaction time; sodium azide; solubility; synthesis; tetrazole derivative; vinyl derivative; water

Preparation of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles catalyzed by scandium triflate in water - Coca, Adiel; Turek, Evan; Feinn, Liana (Synthetic Communications, 2015)
Several 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles were prepared in water or isopropanol/water mixtures using microwave heating. Good yields were obtained for the [2 + 3] cycloaddition of sodium azide with aryl nitriles, aliphatic nitriles, and vinyl nitriles when catalyzed by scandium triflate. The reactions were typically heated for 1 h at 160 °C in a 3:1 isopropanol/water mixture to obtain the best yields. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: 2 propanol; 5-substituted 1 H-tetrazoles; Article; [2 + 3] Cycloaddition; carbon nuclear magnetic resonance; catalyst; controlled study; cycloaddition; dept.che; electron; infrared spectroscopy; microwave; microwave radiation; nitrile; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; reaction time; scandium; scandium triflate; sodium azide; substitution reaction; synthesis; temperature; tetrazole derivative; thin layer chromatography; trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; vinyl derivative; water

The role of gender in grade perception in chemistry courses - Karatjas, Andrew; Webb, Jeffrey (Journal of College Science Teaching, 2015)
Keywords: dept.che

Multiple-choice testing using immediate feedback-assessment technique (IF AT®) forms: second-chance guessing vs. second-chance learning? - Merrel, Jeremy D; Cirillo, Pier F; Schwartz, Pauline M; Webb, Jeffrey A (Higher Education Studies, 2015)
Keywords: dept.che

Synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles catalyzed by ytterbium triflate hydrate - Coca, Adiel; Turek, Evan (Tetrahedron Letters, 2014)
Various 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles were synthesized from aryl nitriles, alkyl nitriles, and vinyl nitriles reacting with sodium azide. The tetrazoles were recovered in high yield under mild conditions when the reaction was catalyzed by ytterbium triflate hydrate in dimethylformamide. Other rare-earth and post-transition metal catalysts were also investigated. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: 5-Substituted 1H-tetrazoles; Article; Lewis acid; Nitriles; Ytterbium triflate; article; catalysis; catalyst; cyclization; cycloaddition; dept.che; drug synthesis; electron; n,n dimethylformamide; nitrile; sodium azide; substitution reaction; tetrazole derivative; transition element; trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; unclassified drug; ytterbium; ytterbium triflate hydrate

Comparing college students' self-assessment of knowledge in organic chemistry to their actual performance - Karatjas, Andrew G. (Journal of Chemical Education, 2013)
Student self-assessment surveys were used to assess student study methods in organic chemistry courses. Surveys were given after examinations in the courses. Students that performed well on exams accurately predicted their exam scores. Students that did poorly were significantly off in their expectations.
Keywords: Chemical Education Research; Learning Theories; Organic Chemistry; Second-Year Undergraduate; Student-Centered Learning; Testing/Assessment; dept.che; peer-reviewed

Biochemical Evidence for a Putative Inositol 1,3,4,5-Tetrakisphosphate Receptor in the Olfactory System of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). - Pang, Jiongdong; Rhoads, Dennis E (Neuroscience journal, 2013)
Olfactory receptor neurons in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) appear to use a phosphoinositide-directed phospholipase C (PLC) in odorant signal transduction. The consequences of odor-activated PLC depend on its product, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Therefore, a plasma membrane rich (PMR) fraction, previously characterized from salmon olfactory rosettes, was used to study binding sites for IP3 and its phosphorylation product, inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4). Binding sites for IP3 were present at the lower limit for detection in the PMR fraction but were abundant in a microsomal fraction. Binding sites for IP4 were abundant in the PMR fraction and thus colocalized in the same subcellular fraction with odorant receptors for amino acids and bile acids. Binding of IP4 was saturable and high affinity (K d = 83 nM). The rank order for potency of inhibition of IP4 by other inositol polyphosphates (InsP x ) followed the phosphorylation number with InsP6 > InsP5 > other InsP4 isomers > InsP3 isomers > InsP2 isomers, with the latter showing no activity. The consequences of PLC activity in this system may be dictated in part by a putative receptor for IP4.
Keywords: dept.che

Interference-corrected explicitly-correlated second-order perturbation theory - Vogiatzis, Konstantinos D.; Barnes, Ericka C.; Klopper, Wim (Chemical Physics Letters, 2011)
In the complete-basis-set (CBS) model chemistries, an interference correction is added to the total energy. It is added because the CBS-type extrapolation to the basis-set limit of second-order Møller–Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory usually overestimates the magnitude of the basis-set truncation error at higher levels of electron-correlation treatment. In this Letter, the question is pursued whether the CBS-type interference correction could also improve the computational results when the MP2 basis set limit is approached by means of explicitly-correlated MP2 theory using Slater-type geminals.
Keywords: dept.che

A research methodology for studying what makes some problems difficult to solve - Gulacar, Ozcan; Fynewever, Herb (International Journal of Science Education, 2010)
We present a quantitative model for predicting the level of difficulty subjects will experience with specific problems. The model explicitly accounts for the number of subproblems a problem can be broken into and the difficultly of each subproblem. Although the model builds on previously published models, it is uniquely suited for blending with qualitative methods for the study of problem-solving processes rather than being limited to examination of final answers only. We illustrate the usefulness of the model by analysing the written solutions and think-aloud protocols of 17 subjects engaged with 25 chemical stoichiometry problems. We find that familiar themes for subject difficulty are revealed, including mapping of surface features, lack of interconnected knowledge hierarchy, and algorithmic operations at the expense of conceptual understanding.
Keywords: Chemistry education; Qualitative research; Quantitative research; Reasoning; Science education; dept.che

Increased autism incidence: is there a single cause? - Crawford, Sarah (Journal of Child and Adolescent Behavior, 2016)
Keywords: dept.bio

Rhizosphere microbiome selection by Epichloë endophytes of Festuca arundinacea - Roberts, Elizabeth Lewis; Ferraro, Aileen (Plant and Soil, 2015)
Aims: Loline alkaloids produced by Epichloë spp. are known to deter feeding by insect herbivores while also serving as a significant carbon source for certain epiphytic bacteria on tall fescue leaves. In this study we examined the role of loline alkaloids in attracting certain bacteria to the rhizosphere of tall fescue plants that harbor loline producing fungal endophytes. Methods: Population studies were used to compare the fitness of known loline catabolizing strains to other rhizosphere bacteria. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA fragments compared the composition of bacterial communities inhabiting the endophyte infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) rhizosphere to those of endophyte free fescue plants. Results: Rhizosphere population studies demonstrated that loline catabolizing strains Burkholderia ambifaria 7R and Pseudomonas aureofaciens outcompete and suppress the growth of non-loline catabolizing strains. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA fragments showed greater percentages of certain plant growth promoting bacteria in rhizosperes seeded with B. ambifaria 7R than non-inoculated soils. Rhizospheres of endophyte infected plants showed higher species richness (Shannon diversity index = 4.03) over endophyte free rhizospheres (Shannon diversity index = 3.08) and a greater percentage of Firmicutes. Conclusions: The differences in microbial community composition between endophyte-infected and endophyte-free rhizospheres suggest that the presence of fungal endophytes influences microbial community structure. Loline alkaloid production may be one proxy by which the fungal endophyte shapes microbial communities, as evidenced by increased fitness of loline catabolizing bacteria in the tall fescue rhizosphere. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
Keywords: Bacteria (microorganisms); Burkholderia ambifaria; Endophyte; Epichloë spp; Festuca arundinacea; Firmicutes; Hexapoda; Loline alkaloids; Pseudomonas chlororaphis; Tall fescue; alkaloid; antifeedant; bacterium; community structure; dept.bio; diversity index; endophyte; fitness; fungus; grass; insect; microbial community; microorganism; rhizosphere; species richness

Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment. - Block, Keith I; Gyllenhaal, Charlotte; Lowe, Leroy; Amedei, Amedeo; Amin, A R M Ruhul; Amin, Amr; Aquilano, Katia; Arbiser, Jack; Arreola, Alexandra; Arzumanyan, Alla; Ashraf, S Salman; Azmi, Asfar S; et al. (Seminars in Cancer Biology, 2015)
Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notable successes in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targeted therapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a few disease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistant immortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are not reliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, an international task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspects of relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a wide range of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For these targets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which were phytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed for known effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procarcinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixed evidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of the relationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. This novel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types of cancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for future research is offered. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Genetic Heterogeneity; *Molecular Targeted Therapy; *Neoplasms/th [Therapy]; *Precision Medicine; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/tu [Therapeutic Use]; Cancer hallmarks; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/ge [Genetics]; Genetic Heterogeneity; Humans; Integrative medicine; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Multi-targeted; Neoplasms; Neoplasms/ge [Genetics]; Neoplasms/pa [Pathology]; Neoplasms/pc [Prevention & Control]; Phytochemicals; Precision Medicine; Review; Signal Transduction; Targeted therapy; Tumor Microenvironment; Tumor Microenvironment/ge [Genetics]; anthocyanin; antineoplastic activity; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis; belinostat; berberine; breast cancer; cancer prevention; cancer therapy; cell immortalization; colorectal cancer; curcumin; deguelin; dept.bio; dietary intake; dinaciclib; drug cost; drug efficacy; drug resistance; drug safety; drug targeting; enterolactone; epigallocatechin gallate; gamma linolenic acid; genetic heterogeneity; genetics; genistein; genomic instability; gossypol; human; icosapentaenoic acid; imetelstat; inflammation; integrative medicine; interdisciplinary communication; kaempferol; luteolin; lycopene; melatonin; metastasis; metastasis inhibition; molecularly targeted therapy; naringenin; natural product; nonhuman; palbociclib; patent; pathology; perillyl alcohol; personalized medicine; phenotype; phytochemistry; recurrence risk; resveratrol; risk reduction; romidepsin; selinexor; signal transduction; silibinin; soybean; triptolide; tumor escape; tumor invasion; tumor microenvironment; tumor vascularization; unindexed drug; vorinostat; withaferin A; zerumbone

Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. - Casey, Stephanie C; Amedei, Amedeo; Aquilano, Katia; Azmi, Asfar S; Benencia, Fabian; Bhakta, Dipita; Bilsland, Alan E; Boosani, Chandra S; Chen, Sophie; Ciriolo, Maria Rosa; Crawford, Sarah; Fujii, Hiromasa; et al. (Seminars in Cancer Biology, 2015)
Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Carcinogenesis/de [Drug Effects]; *Neoplasms/dt [Drug Therapy]; *Neovascularization, Pathologic/dt [Drug Therapy]; *Tumor Microenvironment/ge [Genetics]; 5 chloro n2 [1 (5 fluoro 2 pyrimidinyl)ethyl] n4 (5 methyl 1h pyrazol 3 yl) 2,4 pyrimidinediamine; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]; Cancer biology; Cancer prevention; Cancer therapy; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogenesis/ge [Genetics]; Cell Proliferation; Cell Proliferation/de [Drug Effects]; Humans; Janus kinase; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasms; Neoplasms/ge [Genetics]; Neoplasms/pc [Prevention & Control]; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Neovascularization, Pathologic/ge [Genetics]; Neovascularization, Pathologic/pc [Prevention & Control]; Review; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment; Tumor Microenvironment/de [Drug Effects]; Tumor microenvironment; antiinflammatory activity; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant activity; antiproliferative activity; apoptosis; bacterial infection; berberine; bevacizumab; cancer prevention; cancer therapy; candidiasis; carcinogenesis; cell proliferation; cholesterol synthesis; cisplatin; colorectal cancer; curcumin; cytokine production; dendritic cell; dept.bio; desoxyrhapontigenin; drug cytotoxicity; drug effects; drug potentiation; drug structure; drug targeting; endoglin; epigallocatechin gallate; fatty liver; fibrosis; genetics; genistein; genomic instability; glioblastoma; human; hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor; hypercholesterolemia; hyperlipidemia; hypoxia; indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase; interleukin 6; kidney cancer; liver cancer; liver cell carcinoma; lung cancer; lung metastasis; macrophage activation; metastasis inhibition; molecularly targeted therapy; mycosis; naringenin; natural product; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; nonhuman; obesity; oncogene; onionin A; paclitaxel; pancreas tumor; parasitosis; piperine; reactive oxygen metabolite; resveratrol; signal transduction; sorafenib; stomach cancer; sunitinib; tamoxifen; tumor associated leukocyte; tumor escape; tumor invasion; tumor microenvironment

On the origins of autism: The Quantitative Threshold Exposure hypothesis. - Crawford, S (Medical hypotheses, 2015)
The Quantitative Threshold Exposure (QTE) hypothesis is a multifactorial threshold model that accounts for the cumulative effects of risk factor exposure in both the causation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its dramatic increase over the past 30 years. The QTE hypothesis proposes that ASD is triggered by the cumulative effects of high-level exposure to endogenous and environmental factors that act as antigens to impair normal immune system (IS) and associated central nervous system (CNS) functions during critical developmental stages. The quantitative threshold parameters that comprise a cumulative risk for the development of ASD are identified by the assessment of documented epidemiological factors that, in sum, determine the likelihood that ASD will occur as a result of their effects on critically integrated IS and CNS pathways active during prenatal, neo-natal and early childhood brain maturation. The model proposes an explanation for the relationship between critical developmental stages of brain/immune system development in conjunction with the quantitative effects of genetic and environmental risk factors that may interface with these critical developmental windows. This model may be useful even when the individual contributions of specific risk factors cannot be quantified, as it proposes that the combined quantitative level of exposure to risk factors for ASD rather than exposure to any one risk factor per se defines threshold occurrence rates. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Autistic Disorder/ep [Epidemiology]; *Environmental Exposure/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]; *Epidemiologic Methods; *Risk Assessment/mt [Methods]; *Threshold Limit Values; 5 HTT gene; 5 hydroxytryptophan; Article; Autistic Disorder; Causality; DNA polymorphism; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Methods; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Incidence; RLN gene; Risk Assessment; Threshold Limit Values; autism; autoimmune disease; brain dysfunction; brain maturation; cannabinoid 1 receptor; cannabinoid 2 receptor; cannabis use; central nervous system function; childhood disease; childhood feeding; copy number variation; dept.bio; developmental stage; disease association; disease severity; environmental exposure; environmental factor; epidemiological data; evidence based medicine; feeding; feeding behavior; genetic association; genetic predisposition; genetic risk; high risk population; human; hypothesis; immunoreactivity; incidence; infant feeding; intrauterine infection; n acetylgalactosaminidase; nervous system development; nonbiological model; nonhuman; pediatric infectious disease; perinatal period; prevalence; procedures; quantitative threshold exposure hypothesis; reelin; risk assessment; risk factor; statistics and numerical data; tetrahydrocannabinol; threshold limit value; threshold model; unclassified drug; unclassified enzyme; vitamin D deficiency

Physiological responses related to increased grain yield under drought in the first biotechnology‐derived drought‐tolerant maize - Nemali, Krishna S; Bonin, Christopher P; Dohleman, Frank G; Stephens, Mike; Reeves, William; Nelson, Donald E; Castiglioni, Paolo; Whitsel, Joy; Sammons, Bernard; Silady, Rebecca A; Anstrom, Donald; Sharp, Robert E; et al. (Plant Cell and Environment, 2015)
Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) is highly susceptible to drought stress. This work focused on whole-plant physiological mechanisms by which a biotechnology-derived maize event expressing bacterial cold shock protein B (CspB), MON 87460, increased grain yield under drought. Plants of MON 87460 and a conventional control (hereafter 'control') were tested in the field under well-watered (WW) and water-limited (WL) treatments imposed during mid-vegetative to mid-reproductive stages during 2009-2011. Across years, average grain yield increased by 6% in MON 87460 compared with control under WL conditions. This was associated with higher soil water content at 0.5 m depth during the treatment phase, increased ear growth, decreased leaf area, leaf dry weight and sap flow rate during silking, increased kernel number and harvest index in MON 87460 than the control. No consistent differences were observed under WW conditions. This indicates that MON 87460 acclimated better under WL conditions than the control by lowering leaf growth which decreased water use during silking, thereby eliciting lower stress under WL conditions. These physiological responses in MON 87460 under WL conditions resulted in increased ear growth during silking, which subsequently increased the kernel number, harvest index and grain yield compared to the control. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Keywords: *Biotechnology/mt [Methods]; *Droughts; *Zea mays/ph [Physiology]; Bacteria (microorganisms); Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Proteins/ge [Genetics]; Biotechnology; CspB; Droughts; Ear; Edible Grain; Harvest index; Leaf area; Plant Leaves; Plant Leaves/ph [Physiology]; Plants, Genetically Modified; Plants, Genetically Modified/ph [Physiology]; Sap flow; Soil; Soil water content; Soil/ch [Chemistry]; Water use; Yield; Zea mays; acclimation; adaptation; bacterial protein; biotechnology; chemistry; cold-shock protein CspB, Bacteria; crop yield; dept.bio; drought; drought stress; food grain; genetics; index method; leaf area; maize; physiological response; physiology; plant leaf; procedures; protein; sap flow; soil; soil water; tolerance; transgenic plant; water use efficiency

Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant use in long-term maintenance cancer therapy: a new therapeutic approach to disease progression and recurrence. - Crawford, Sarah (Therapeutic advances in medical oncology, 2014)
The chronic, progressive clinical characteristics of many adult solid tumor malignancies suggest that a more effective therapeutic approach to cancer management may require long-term intervention using nontoxic systemic agents that block critical components of abnormal tumor physiology. Two highly promising systemic targets common to the development, progression and recurrence of many common cancers are dysregulated inflammatory and oxidation/reduction (redox) pathways. Compelling clinical data support the use of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents as a therapeutic modality for long-term use in patients diagnosed with several common cancers, including colon cancer and breast cancer. The therapeutic paradigm presented in this paper is the product of a synthesis of what is currently understood about the biological effects of inflammation and oxidative stress that contribute to tumorigenesis, disease progression and recurrence as well as results obtained from research on the use of prophylactics with anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties in cancer prevention and treatment.
Keywords: anti-inflammatory agents; antiinflammatory agent; antioxidant; antioxidants; axitinib; bevacizumab; bosutinib; breast cancer; cabozantinib; cancer epidemiology; cancer growth; cancer recurrence; cancer therapy; cetuximab; chemoprophylaxis; chemotherapy; colon cancer; crizotinib; dasatinib; dept.bio; erlotinib; everolimus; gefitinib; human; imatinib; inflammation; ipilimumab; lapatinib; long term care; long-term maintenance cancer therapy; meta analysis (topic); nilotinib; nonhuman; oxidative stress; panitumumab; pazopanib; ponatinib; priority journal; randomized controlled trial (topic); reactive oxygen metabolite; regorafenib; review; ruxolitinib; sorafenib; sunitinib; systematic review (topic); temsirolimus; tofacitinib; trastuzumab; trastuzumab emtansine; unindexed drug; vandetanib; vemurafenib

Cluster M mycobacteriophages Bongo, PegLeg, and Rey with unusually large repertoires of tRNA isotypes - Pope, Welkin H; Anders, Kirk R; Baird, Madison A; Bowman, Charles A; Boyle, Michelle M; Broussard, Gregory W; Chow, Tiffany W; Clase, Kari; Cooper, Shannon D; Cornely, Kathleen; Dejong, Randall J; Delesalle, Veronique A; et al. (Journal of Virology, 2014)
Genomic analysis of a large set of phages infecting the common host Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155 shows that they span considerable genetic diversity. There are more than 20 distinct types that lack nucleotide similarity with each other, and there is considerable diversity within most of the groups. Three newly isolated temperate mycobacteriophages, Bongo, PegLeg, and Rey, constitute a new group (cluster M), with the closely related phages Bongo and PegLeg forming subcluster M1 and the more distantly related Rey forming subcluster M2. The clusterMmycobacteriophages have siphoviral morphologies with unusually long tails, are homoimmune, and have larger than average genomes (80.2 to 83.7 kbp). They exhibit a variety of features not previously described in other mycobacteriophages, including noncanonical genome architectures and several unusual sets of conserved repeated sequences suggesting novel regulatory systems for both transcription and translation. In addition to containing transfer-messenger RNA and RtcB-like RNA ligase genes, their genomes encode 21 to 24 tRNA genes encompassing complete or nearly complete sets of isotypes. We predict that these tRNAs are used in late lytic growth, likely compensating for the degradation or inadequacy of host tRNAs. They may represent a complete set of tRNAs necessary for late lytic growth, especially when taken together with the apparent lack of codons in the same late genes that correspond to tRNAs that the genomes of the phages do not obviously encode. © 2014, American Society for Microbiology.
Keywords: Base Composition; Base Sequence; Codon; Conserved Sequence; DNA binding motif; DNA sequence; Gene Order; Genome Size; Genome, Viral; Inverted Repeat Sequences; Lysogeny; Multigene Family; Mycobacteriophages; Mycobacterium smegmatis; Open Reading Frames; Phylogeny; RNA cleavage; RNA degradation; RNA translation; RNA, Transfer; RNA, Viral; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Sequence Alignment; Virion; Virus Assembly; article; controlled study; dept.bio; gene cassette; gene control; gene structure; genetic analysis; genetic transcription; genetic variability; membrane protein; mycobacteriophage; mycobacteriophage Bongo; mycobacteriophage M; mycobacteriophage Pegleg; mycobacteriophage Rey; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; priority journal; protein gp19; protein gp23; protein gp24; protein gp26; protein gp30; protein gp31; protein gp39; single stranded DNA binding protein; tmp gene; transfer RNA; unclassified drug; viral genetics; virus assembly; virus classification; virus immunity; virus morphology

Poster session 1. Target identification & validation - Crawford, S.; Malvy, C. P.; Vauthier, Christine; Bertrand, J. R.; Ramon, A. L.; Winkler, J.; Burgess, L.; Laird, Ellen R.; Weaver, D.; Chantry, David; Hernandez, J. C.; Guerrero, C. A.; et al. (Annals of Oncology, 2013)
Keywords: dept.bio

P01.01 a new paradigm for cancer therapy: a targeted systemic preventive/therapeutic approach - Crawford, S (Annals of Oncology, 2013)
Keywords: dept.bio

Postcranial skeleton of Postosuchus kirkpatricki (Archosauria: Paracrocodylomorpha), from the upper Triassic of the United States - Weinbaum, Jonathan C (Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2013)
Postosuchus kirkpatricki is a Late Triassic (Norian) 'rauisuchid' archosaur from North America. The initial description of the Postosuchus type material included elements from two poposaurids. This confusion has prevented adequate description of the material. Recent examination of the type material and other specimens of Postosuchus, and of related taxa, has helped clarify the osteology of Postosuchus. The type specimens represent c. 75% of the skeleton. Together with other referred material, Postosuchus remains one of the most completely known rauisuchids. The paratype skeleton, which is relatively complete, would have been c. 3.5-4 m in length, and the holotype would have been closer to 5-6 m. Analysis of the postcranial skeleton of Postosuchus suggests that it may have been an obligate biped (based in part on limb proportions, which are similar to some theropod dinosaurs, the size of the manus (30% of the size of the pes) and the highly reduced nature of the digits and vertebral measurements). Possible postcranial autapomorphies of Postosuchus include a large, rugose triangular supra-acetabular buttress confluent with the dorsal margin of the iliac blade, and a symmetrical pes with digits two and three being roughly equal in length. © The Geological Society of London 2013.
Keywords: Triassic; United States; dept.bio; osteology; peer-reviewed; reptile; skeleton; taxonomy; type specimen

A taxonomic and biostratigraphic re-evaluation of the Post Quarry vertebrate assemblage from the Cooper Canyon Formation (Dockum Group, Upper Triassic) of southern Garza County, western Texas - Martz, Jeffrey W.; Mueller, Bill D.; Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Stocker, Michelle R.; Parker, William G.; Atanassov, Momchil N.; Fraser, Nicholas C.; Weinbaum, Johnathan; Lehane, James R. (Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 2012)
The Post Quarry, within the lower part of the type section of the Upper Triassic Cooper Canyon Formation in southern Garza County, western Texas, contains a remarkably diverse vertebrate assemblage. The Post Quarry has produced: the small temnospondyl Rileymillerus cosgriffi; the metoposaurid Apachesaurus gregorii; possible dicynodonts and eucynodonts; a clevosaurid sphenodontian; non-archosauriform archosauromorphs (Trilophosaurus dornorum, simiosaurians, and possibly Malerisaurus); the phytosaur Leptosuchus; several aetosaurs (Calyptosuchus wellesi, Typothorax coccinarum, Paratypothorax, and Desmatosuchus smalli); the poposauroid Shuvosaurus inexpectatus (Chatterjeea elegans); the rauisuchid Postosuchus kirkpatricki; an early crocodylomorph; several dinosauromorphs (the lagerpetid Dromomeron gregorii, the silesaurid Technosaurus smalli, a herrerasaurid, and an early neotheropod); and several enigmatic small diapsids. Revised lithostratigraphic correlations of the lower Cooper Canyon Formation with the Tecovas Formation, the occurrence of Leptosuchus, and the overall composition of the assemblage indicate that the Post Quarry falls within the Adamanian biozone, and not the Revueltian biozone. Stratigraphic subdivision of the Adamanian biozone may be possible, and the Post Quarry may be correlative with the upper part of the Adamanian biozone in Arizona. The age of the Post Quarry assemblage is possibly late Lacian or earliest Alaunian (late early Norian or earliest middle Norian), between 220 and 215 Ma. © 2013 The Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Keywords: Adamanian biozone; Dinosauromorpha; Garza County; Leptosuchus; Pseudosuchia; Texas; Triassic; United States; biostratigraphy; biozonation; dept.bio; faunal diversity; fossil assemblage; land vertebrate faunachrons; stratigraphic correlation; taxonomy; type locality; vertebrate; vertebrate locality

A survey of skeletal elements in the orbit of Pseudosuchia and the origin of the crocodylian palpebral - Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Turner, Alan H.; Weinbaum, Jonathan C. (Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 2012)
Keywords: Aetosaurus ferratus; Archosauria; Crocodylomorpha; Postosuchus kirkpatricki; Saurosuchus galilei; crocodilian; dept.bio; evolution; extinction; fossil assemblage; novelty; skeletal remains; supraorbital; taxonomy

The long journey of stem cell therapeutics. - Crawford, Sarah (Genome Medicine, 2012)
A report on the Euroepistem 2011 meeting 'Epigenomic Programming and Stem Cells for Drug Discovery', Paris, France, 21-22 November 2011.
Keywords: Article; dept.bio; embryonic stem cell; epigenetics; gene; gene silencing; human; induced pluripotent stem cell; nonhuman; priority journal; stem cell transplantation; transcription regulation

A new species of Acentrella Bengtsson (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from New York and New England (USA), redescription of the nymph of A. parvula (McDunnough), and key to known adult males of Nearctic Acentrella - Burian, Steven K; Myers, Luke W (Aquatic Insects, 2011)
A new species Acentrella rallatoma (type locality: Connetquot River, Oakdale, NY, USA) is described from nymphs and reared adults. Additional specimens were studied from southeastern New York, southeastern New Hampshire, coastal Connecticut, and Martha's Vineyard, MA, USA. Nymphs can be separated from those of other Nearctic species by: scraper-like outer incisors of mandibles, cerci alternately banded from bases to tips, and row of robust bristle-like setae (with modified tips) on dorsal edge of femora. Male imagos can be separated from those that lack hind wings by: distinctive colour pattern of abdominal terga, and genitalia with pigmented sclerotised penes cover. Comparative analysis of A. rallatoma with other Nearctic species revealed a lack of comparative data on nymphs of its presumptive sister species A. parvula. To facilitate future studies of this group, the nymph of A. parvula is redescribed and regional differences are discussed. Abdominal colour patterns of A. parvula that vary over its range from Florida, USA to Labrador, Canada are illustrated. Problems concerning genus-level diagnostic characters for Acentrella nymphs and adults are discussed to facilitate placement of future taxa. To complement existing keys to Nearctic nymphs of Acentrella a provisional key to the known adult males is given. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: A. parvula; Acentrella; Acentrella parvula; Baetidae; Ephemeroptera; dept.bio; new species

Effect of increased extracellular Ca++ on microvesicle production and tumor spheroid formation - Crawford, Sarah; Diamond, Deanna; Brustolon, Laura; Penarreta, Rafaela (Cancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society, 2011)
Research on the composition of the tumor micro-environment has demonstrated that membrane delimited microvesicles are shed from many types of malignant tumors, in the peripheral blood of cancer patients as well as in culture media of tumor cells propagated in vitro (Ginestra et al. Anticancer Res 18:3433-3437, 1998). Their documented effects involve the activation of signal transduction pathways by cellular cross-talk that are associated with epigenetic mechanisms that may be important in tumor progression, metastasis, and the activation of angiogenesis (Distler et al. Arthritis Rheum 52:3337-3348, 2005). Live cell imaging microscopic studies conducted in our laboratory of the formation of solid tumor spheroids in vitro show that the shedding of microvesicular structures from tumor cells occurs during this process. The observed properties of the tumor microvesicles suggest a role in solid tumor formation and intercellular communication. The tumor associated microvesicles were shown to be non-apoptotic based on the absence of fluorescent nuclear staining by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Increased concentration of extracellular Ca(++) [5-20 mM] resulted in an increase in the production of tumor-derived microvesicles and also to result in the formation of tumor spheroids whose size was considerably smaller than controls. Increased extracellular [Ca(++)] was also observed to induce the rapid dissociation of solid tumor spheroids to smaller cell aggregates in the absence of significant apoptosis.
Keywords: Extracellular Ca++; Live cell imaging; Multicellular tumor spheroid; Tumor associated microvesicle; acridine orange; angiogenesis; apoptosis; article; breast carcinoma; calcium ion; cancer cell culture; cell aggregation; cell nucleus; concentration (parameters); controlled study; cytochemistry; dept.bio; epigenetics; ethidium bromide; extracellular calcium; glioblastoma; human; human cell; in vitro study; membrane vesicle; metastasis potential; microscopy; molecular interaction; osteosarcoma; priority journal; signal transduction; tumor growth; tumor microenvironment; tumor spheroid; tumor vascularization

Technological variation in the earliest Oldowan from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia - Stout, Dietrich; Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael J.; Cauche, Dominique (Journal of Human Evolution, 2010)
Inter-site technological variation in the archaeological record is one of the richest potential sources of information about Plio-Pleistocene hominid behavior and evolution. However, appropriate methods for describing and comparing Oldowan assemblages have yet to be agreed upon, and interpretation of the early record remains highly controversial. Particularly salient is disagreement over whether the Oldowan is a single technological phenomenon or is more accurately divided into multiple regional and/or chronological traditions, perhaps including a less developed Pre-Oldowan phase in the late Pliocene. Some of this disagreement reflects theoretical and methodological differences between research traditions and some is more directly evidential. Here we present a framework for describing and interpreting Oldowan variation and apply it to three Pliocene assemblages (EG-10, EG-12, and OGS-7) from Gona, all dated to c. 2.6 million years (Ma). Results indicate proficient knapping and a full range of Oldowan reduction strategies in these earliest known occurrences, consistent with the idea of an Oldowan “technological stasis” from 2.6–1.6Ma. Patterns of variation in raw material selection and predominant reduction strategy at each site clearly indicate the importance of cultural transmission in the Oldowan, but confounding ecological and economic variation continue to render interpretation in terms of multiple tool making traditions or species inappropriate. We propose that cultural transmission and ecological adaptation should be recognized as complementary, rather than mutually exclusive, mechanisms in future attempts to explain Oldowan technological variation.
Keywords: Animals; Archaeology; Chaîne opératoire; Chi-Square Distribution; Cultural Evolution; Early Stone Age; Environment; Ethiopia; Fossils; Gona; Hominidae; Humans; Lithic technology; Paleolithic; Paleontology; Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary; Pre-Oldowan; Stone Age; Tool Use Behavior; animal; archaeological evidence; archeology; chi square distribution; cultural anthropology; cultural geography; dept.ant; dept.bio; environment; evolution; fossil; geochronology; hominid; human; paleontology; peer-reviewed; spatial variation; technological development; technology adoption; tool use

Abstract 776: Anticancer properties of phytochemical extracts from native New England species of ferns in breast cancers of diverse genetic backgrounds - Crawford, Sarah; Diamond, Deanna; Penarreta, Rafaela; Brustolon, Laura; Wang, Hua; Hanks, Judith Garrison; Barbieri, Zachary (Cancer Research, 2010)
Keywords: dept.bio

The ratio of gametophytes to tetrasporophytes of intertidal chondrus crispus (gigartinaceae) across a salinity gradient - Guidone, Michele; Grace, Sean (Rhodora, 2010)
Keywords: Chondrus; Chondrus crispus; Gigartinaceae; dept.bio

Reproductive behavior in horseshoe crabs: Does density matter? - Mattei, Jennifer; Beekey, Mark A; Rudman, Adam; Woronik, Alyssa (Current Zoology, 2010)
While the four species of horseshoe crabs share many common reproductive traits with respect to their reproductive systems, they do differ with respect to their mating behavior (monogamy vs. polygynandry). Past research has attributed these differences to a number of factors including: spawning densities, operational sex ratios (OSR's), male condition (or age), environmental and/or genetic factors, or a combination thereof. Mating behaviors in the three Asian horseshoe crab species (Tachypleus gigas, T. tridentatus, and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda) with low spawning densities and 1:1 operational sex ratios are typically monogamous. In Limulus polyphemus, mating behavior is more variable ranging from monogamy to polygynandry. Here we provide evidence, through a long term behavioral study, that variation in mating behavior is influenced by population density in L. polyphemus. Our study population on two beaches in Connecticut (Long Island Sound) have a spawning density 400 times less than that found in Delaware Bay (0.002 females/m2 vs. 0.8 females/m2) but similar operational sex ratios. Between 90%-95% of all spawning females in CT were paired with only one male, thus exhibiting monogamous behavior. In contrast, between 30 and 60% of spawning females in Delaware Bay have more than one mate and produce clutches of eggs with multiple paternities. Male condition played no role in mating behavior in CT populations. We also observed that on average 18% of the females on the spawning beaches are single. These results suggest that population density is an important condition that determines mating behavior. Also, low population density may lead to decreased mate finding ability and lost opportunities for spawning [Current Zoology 56 (5): 634-642, 2010]. © 2010 Current Zoology.
Keywords: Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda; Limulus; Limulus polyphemus; Mating behavior; Merostomata; Monogamy; Polygynandry; Population density; Tachypleus gigas; dept.bio

Biotechnological potential of aquatic plant-microbe interactions. - Stout, L; Nusslein, K (Current opinion in biotechnology, 2010)
The rhizosphere in terrestrial systems is the region of soil surrounding plant roots where there is increased microbial activity; in aquatic plants, this definition may be less clear because of diffusion of nutrients in water, but there is still a zone of influence by plant roots in this environment [1]. Within that zone chemical conditions differ from those of the surrounding environment as a consequence of a range of processes that were induced either directly by the activity of plant roots or by the activity of rhizosphere microflora. Recently, there are a number of new studies related to rhizospheres of aquatic plants and specifically their increased potential for remediation of contaminants, especially remediation of metals through aquatic plant-microbial interaction. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Biotechnology/mt [Methods]; *Plants/mi [Microbiology]; 1 aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid; Aquaculture; Aquatic plants; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biotechnology; Chemical conditions; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microbial activities; Microbial interactions; Microflora; New study; Plant Roots; Plant Roots/mi [Microbiology]; Plant roots; Plants; Pollution; Rhizobium leguminosarum; Soils; Surrounding environment; Terrestrial systems; Zone of influences; adenosine triphosphatase; aquatic environment; aquatic flora; bacterial strain; biofilm; biofiltration; biotechnological procedures; biotechnology; cadmium; chromium; cobalt; copper; dept.bio; environmental exposure; heavy metal removal; homeostasis; metallothionein; microorganism; nickel; nonhuman; pH; phytochelatin; phytoremediation; plant growth; plant microorganism interaction; priority journal; process technology; protein binding; protein synthesis; review; rhizofiltration; rhizosphere; siderophore; transgene; volatilization; zinc

Departments in Crisis: What to do when the Department is Threatened - Hlavac, Craig (Academic Chairpersons Conference Proceedings, 2016)
Keywords: dept.a&s; dept.mus; ⛔ No DOI found

The world for a king: pierre desceliers’ map of 1550. by chet van duzer - Serchuk, Camille (Imago Mundi, 2016)
Keywords: dept.art

The Dutch Encounter with Italy - Levine, David A. (The Ashgate Research Companion to Dutch Art of the Seventeenth Century, 2016)
Keywords: dept.art

Discussion board assignments and their impact on creating engaged learning environments in art history online courses - Ter-Stepanian, Anahit (Handbook of Research on Didactic Strategies and Technologies for Education: Incorporating Advancements, 2013)
The adaptation of traditional, face-to-face courses to the online format presents both challenges and opportunities. Many pedagogical practices need to be rethought when designing online courses. A successful online course needs to be intellectually stimulating and engaging. The chapter demonstrates how to create an engaging learning environment without any additional budget. The author describes approaches that she has developed, experimented with, and found to be effective in asynchronous online art history courses, as well as learner engagement strategies she has implemented in the eLearning environment. Advantages of scenario-based discussions board assignments and the effects of role playing in discussion forums are discussed. The author shares examples of personalized discussion board assignments aimed to motivate online learners, create a collaborative learning environment, improve peer-to-peer interaction, and prevent plagiarism.
Keywords: dept.art

Parody, Proverb, and Paradox in Two Late Works by Pieter Bruegel the Elder - Levine, David A. (Parody and Festivity in Early Modern Art, 2012)
Keywords: dept.art

Frans Hals and the Vernacular - Levine, David A. (The Transformation of Vernacular Expression in Early Modern Arts, 2011)
"Frans Hals and the Vernacular" published on 01 Jan 2012 by Brill.
Keywords: dept.art

Medieval Renaissance Baroque: A Cat's Cradle in Honor of Marilyn Aronberg Lavin - Levine, David A.; Freiberg, Jack (Italica Press, Inc., 2010)
"Medieval renaissance Baroque" celebrates Marilyn Aronberg Lavin's breakthrough achievements in both the print and digital realms of art and cultural history. Fifteen friends and colleagues present tributes and essays that reflect every facet of this renowned scholar's brilliant career. Tribute presenters include Ellen Burstyn, Langdon Hammer, Phyllis Lambert, and James Marrow. Contributors include Kirk Alexander, Horst Bredekamp, Nicola Courtright, David Freedberg, Jack Freiberg, Marc Fumaroli, David A. Levine, Daniel T. Michaels, Elizabeth Pilliod, Debra Pincus, and Gary Schwartz. 79 illustrations, bibliography of Marilyn Lavin's works, index.
Keywords: dept.art

“Urbs Aeterna” and Dutch Painting of Roman Ruins - Levine, David A. (Medieval Renaissance Baroque: a cat's cradle for Marilyn Aronberg Lavin, 2010)
"Reflects Marilyn Aronberg Lavin's innovative work in art and cultural history in both the print and digital realms. Contributors: Kirk Alexander, Horst Bredekamp, Nicola Courtright, David Freedberg, Jack Freiberg, Marc Fumaroli, David A. Levine, Daniel T. Michaels, Elizabeth Pilliod, Debra Pincus, Gary Schwartz. Seventy-seven illustrations, bibliography of Lavin's works, index"--Provided by publisher.
Keywords: dept.art

Late Miocene hominin teeth from the Gona Paleoanthropological Research Project area, Afar, Ethiopia. - Simpson, Scott W; Kleinsasser, Lynnette; Quade, Jay; Levin, Naomi E; McIntosh, William C; Dunbar, Nelia; Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael J (Journal of Human Evolution, 2015)
Since 2000, significant collections of Latest Miocene hominin fossils have been recovered from Chad, Kenya, and Ethiopia. These fossils have provided a better understanding of earliest hominin biology and context. Here, we describe five hominin teeth from two periods (ca. 5.4 Million-years-ago and ca. 6.3 Ma) that were recovered from the Adu-Asa Formation in the Gona Paleoanthropological Research Project area in the Afar, Ethiopia that we assign to either Hominina, gen. et sp. indet. or Ardipithecus kadabba. These specimens are compared with extant African ape and other Latest Miocene and Early Pliocene hominin teeth. The derived morphology of the large, non-sectorial maxillary canine and mandibular third premolar links them with later hominins and they are phenetically distinguishable and thus phyletically distinct from extant apes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: *Fossils/ah [Anatomy & Histology]; *Hominidae/ah [Anatomy & Histology]; *Tooth/ah [Anatomy & Histology]; Afar; Animals; Ardipithecus; Ardipithecus kadabba; Ardipithecus ramidus; Biological Evolution; Ethiopia; Fossils; Hominidae; Hominina; Late miocene; Miocene; Orrorin; Tooth; Western ethiopian escarpment; anatomy and histology; animal; anthropology; canid; dept.ant; evolution; fossil; hominid; morphology; peer-reviewed; tooth

The light of knowledge: literacy activism and the politics of writing in south india francis cody (ithaca, NY: cornell university press, 2013) - Mcgill, Kenneth (PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 2015)
Keywords: dept.ant

Informe de las posibles capacochas del asentamiento arqueológico de Choquepujio, Cusco, Perú - Oviedo, Arminda M Gibaja; Mcewan, Gordon F; Chatfield, Melissa; Andrushko, Valerie A (Ñawpa Pacha, 2014)
Keywords: dept.ant; peer-reviewed

Political economy and language: A review of some recent literature - McGill, Kenneth (Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 2013)
Keywords: dept.ant

The African Acheulean - Sahnouni, Mohamed; Semaw, Sileshi; Rogers, Michael (The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology, 2013)
This article argues that the Acheulean is perhaps the longest lasting cultural–technological tradition in human history, dating from around 1.7 to 0.3 Mya and roughly corresponding to the time during which H. Erectus and H. Heidelbergensis lived in Africa. Unlike earlier Oldowan technology, Acheulean cores — handaxes, cleavers, and picks — were standardised, of predetermined shape and made on large cobbles and flakes. The extensive Acheulean archaeological record throughout Africa over 1.4 million years described is testimony to the success of this technology’s makers in different habitats, altitudes, and settings, but also to its apparent conservative cultural nature: a learned tradition passed on through thousands of generations of highly mobile hominin groups with small population sizes. Although there are differences between Early and Late Acheulean technology, the makers of these tools may have undergone more significant changes with respect to the use of other technologies, strategic land use, and social life.
Keywords: dept.ant

Discourse, organization, and the welfare state in the former east berlin - McGill, Kenneth (PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 2013)
In this article, I examine the statements and actions of two key informants, both of whom direct welfare programs in a district of the former East Berlin. I argue that this evidence points to a particular modality of political rationalization, which I dub organizational discourse. The entanglement of organizational discourse and governmentality are explored, as is the place of organizational discourse within both the liberal welfare state and the bygone state socialist regime.
Keywords: Discourse; Germany; Organization; Power; Welfare state; dept.ant

No magic tricks: commodity, empowerment, and the sale of StreetWise in chicago - McGill, Kenneth (Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 2013)
Use-value and exchange-value are pragmatic features of commodity exchange which are apparent from the careful study of specific interactions, as well as from the viewpoint of economic processes at large. While Marx's well-known attempt to describe this pair of concepts in Capital (2001) takes the latter tack, I attempt here to take the formeri.e., to approach the composition of the commodity from the point of view of the pragmatics of interaction. In doing so, I offer a semiotic model of the valuation of commodities which differs from accounts given by Kockelman (2006) and Agha (2011). The ethnographic object at stake in this essay is StreetWise, a Chicago street newspaper said to have empowering effects on its vendors.
Keywords: Commodity; Empowerment; Street newspapers; United States; Value; dept.ant

Patterns of interpersonal violence and warfare in the prehistoric San Francisco Bay Area, California - Bellifemine, Viviana I.; Bartelink, Eric J.; Andrushko, Valerie A.; Nechayev, Irina; Jurmain, Robert (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2012)
Keywords: dept.ant; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Social bioarchaeology - partnerships, pitfalls, and ethical concerns in international bioarchaeology - Turner, Bethany L.; Andrushko, Valerie A. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)
Keywords: dept.ant

Investigating a child sacrifice event from the Inca heartland - Andrushko, Valerie A.; Buzon, Michele R.; Gibaja, Arminda M.; McEwan, Gordon F.; Simonetti, Antonio; Creaser, Robert A. (Journal of Archaeological Science, 2011)
Human sacrifice in the Inca Empire at times took the form of the capacocha, a sacrificial rite involving the most beautiful children in the empire. In this study, we investigate a possible capacocha at the pre-Columbian site of Choquepukio in the Cuzco Valley of Peru. During excavations at Choquepukio in 2004, seven children (aged 3-12 years) were discovered buried together; accompanying them was an elaborate assemblage of high status artifacts similar to those from other recent archaeological finds that are believed to be capacocha sacrifices. Since colonial documents indicate that capacocha children were selected from diverse regions of the empire, we initiated a radiogenic strontium isotope analysis to determine the origins of the children found at Choquepukio. Our analysis showed that, indeed, two children in the assemblage had non-local origins. When considered together, the osteological, archaeological, and isotopic evidence suggest that a capacocha event occurred at Choquepukio, representing the only lower-elevation capacocha to have been found in the Cuzco region. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Andes; Bioarchaeology; Capacocha; Cuzco; Strontium isotope analysis; archaeological evidence; archaeology; artifact; dept.ant; isotopic analysis; strontium isotope

The pathological consequences of cranial vault modification: an analysis of human skeletal remains from Cuzco, Peru - Andrushko, Valerie A.; Messer, Diana Lynn (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2011)
Keywords: dept.ant; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Skeletal evidence for Inca warfare from the Cuzco region of Peru - Andrushko, Valerie A; Torres, Elva C (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2011)
This article addresses the bioarchaeological evidence for Inca warfare through an analysis of 454 adult skeletons from 11 sites in the Inca capital region of Cuzco, Peru. These 11 sites span almost 1000 years (AD 600-1532), which allows for a comparison of the evidence for warfare before the Inca came to power (Middle Horizon AD 600-1000), during the time of Inca ascendency in the Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000-1400), and after the Inca came to power and expanded throughout the Cuzco region and beyond (Inca Imperial Period, AD 1400-1532). The results indicate that 100 of 454 adults (22.0%) showed evidence of cranial trauma. Of these, 23 individuals had major cranial injuries suggestive of warfare, consisting of large, complete, and/or perimortem fractures. There was scant evidence for major injuries during the Middle Horizon (2.8%, 1/36) and Late Intermediate Period (2.5%, 5/199), suggesting that warfare was not prevalent in the Cuzco region before and during the Inca rise to power. Only in the Inca Imperial Period was there a significant rise in major injuries suggestive of warfare (7.8%, 17/219). Despite the significant increase in Inca times, the evidence for major cranial injuries was only sporadically distributed at Cuzco periphery sites and was entirely absent at Cuzco core sites. These findings suggest that while the Inca used warfare as a mechanism for expansion in the Cuzco region, it was only one part of a complex expansion strategy that included economic, political, and ideological means to gain and maintain control. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Keywords: *Archaeology; *Skull/in [Injuries]; *Warfare; Adolescent; Adult; Archaeology; Female; History, 15th Century; History, Medieval; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peru; Skull; War; Weapons; adult; archeology; article; battle injury; bioarchaeology; bone injury; conflict; dept.ant; history; human; imperialism; major clinical study; peer-reviewed; politics; skeletal injury; skeleton; skull injury; trauma; war; weapon

Partnerships, pitfalls, and ethical concerns in international bioarchaeology - Turner, Bethany L; Andrushko, Valerie A (Social Bioarchaeology, 2011)
Keywords: Culturally affiliated descent communities and bioarchaeologists - connections to human remains; Ethical issues, studying human remains - training students in bioarchaeology in united states; Ethical practice, central to bioarchaeology in united states - component of training in the field; Ethics and bioarchaeology in united states - issues of ethical practice in excavation; Human remains analyses - valuable bridges, between past and present; Language barriers and convoluted online submission processes - and additional obstacles; Non-destructive analyses - toward ethical practice in peruvian bioarchaeology; Partnerships, pitfalls and ethical concerns - in international bioarchaeology; Passage of NAGPRA - the native american graves protection and repatriation act of 1990; Practice of bioarchaeology in peru - influenced by cultural and political economic processes; dept.ant

Trophy-taking and dismemberment as warfare strategies in prehistoric central California. - Andrushko, Valerie A; Schwitalla, Al W; Walker, Phillip L (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2010)
We document evidence for trophy-taking and dismemberment with a new bioarchaeological database featuring 13,453 individuals from prehistoric central California sites. Our study reveals 76 individuals with perimortem removal of body parts consistent with trophy-taking or dismemberment; nine of these individuals display multiple types of trophy-taking and dismemberment for a total of 87 cases. Cases span almost 5,000 years, from the Early Period (3000-500 BC) to the Late Period (AD 900-1700). Collectively, these individuals share traits that distinguish them from the rest of the population: a high frequency of young adult males, an increased frequency of associated trauma, and a tendency towards multiple burials and haphazard burial positions. Eight examples of human bone artifacts were also found that appear related to trophy-taking. These characteristics suggest that trophy-taking and dismemberment were an important part of the warfare practices of central Californian tribes. Temporally, the two practices soared in the Early/Middle Transition Period (500-200 BC), which may have reflected a more complex sociopolitical system that encouraged the use of trophies for status acquisition, as well as the migration of outside groups that resulted in intensified conflict. Overall, trophy-taking and dismemberment appear to have been the product of the social geography of prehistoric central California, where culturally differentiated tribes lived in close proximity to their enemies.
Keywords: *Corpse Dismemberment/hi [History]; *Fossils; *Social Behavior; Bioarchaeology; California; Corpse Dismemberment; Cutmarks; Fossils; History, Ancient; Humans; Male; Native American; Social Behavior; Trauma; United States; Violence; War; Warfare; article; artifact; autopsy; dept.ant; ethnic group; ethnicity; female; geography; human; injury; major clinical study; male; migration; peer-reviewed; physical anthropology; posthumous care

Colorings, cliques and relaxations of planarity - Pinciu, Val (Matemática Contemporânea, 2019)
A conjecture by Albertson states that if χ(G) ≥ n then cr(G) ≥ cr(Kn), where χ(G) is the chromatic number of G and cr(G) is the crossing number of G. This conjecture is true for positive integers n ≤ 16, but it is still open for n ≥ 17. In this paper we consider the statements corresponding to this conjecture where the crossing number of G is replaced with the skewness µ(G) (the minimum number of edges whose removal makes G planar), the genus γ(G) (the minimum genus of the orientable surface on which G is embeddable), and the thickness θ(G) (the minimum number of planar subgraphs of G whose union is G.) We show that the corresponding statements are true for all positive integers n when cr(G) is replaced with µ(G) or γ(G). We also show that the corresponding statement is true for inﬁnitely many values of n, but not for all n, when cr(G) is replaced with θ(G).
Keywords: dept.mat; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Genus, skewness, thickness and coloring theorems - Pinciu, Valeriu (Southeastern International Conference on Combinatorics, Graph Theory & Computing, 2019)
Keywords: dept.mat; ⛔ No DOI found

On the minimum skewness of certain classes of graphs - Pinciu, Valeriu (BGW 2019, 2019)
Keywords: dept.mat; ⛔ No DOI found

Skewness, minimum degree and chromatic number - Pinciu, Valeriu (Congressus Numerantium, 2017)
Keywords: dept.mat; ⛔ No DOI found

The Folklore of Deinstitutionalization: Popular Film and the Death of the Asylum, 1973–1979 - Rondinone, Troy (Journal of American Studies, 2019)
The demise of America's state mental hospital system, or “deinstitutionalization,” has received much attention from sociologists and historians of medicine. Less understood is the manner in which the public experienced and came to terms with it. Using elements of folklore and horror studies, I will examine how popular films accommodated audiences to institutional decline and confirmed popular antistatist pessimism. The Exorcist (1973), One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), Halloween (1978), and When a Stranger Calls (1979) helped weave a tapestry of distrust. By endorsing popular conceptions of institutional failure and presenting mythical narratives of individualist triumph, these films helped pave a path towards the conservative Reagan era to come.
Keywords: dept.his; peer-reviewed

Lovecraft Meets the Mummy: Orientalism, Race, and Monstrous Egypt in “Imprisoned with the haraohs” and “Out of the Aeons” - Rondinone, Troy (Lovecraftian Proceedings No. 3., 2019)
Keywords: dept.his; faculty_collection

Evaluation of Biofouling Communities on Wind Turbine Foundations at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island - Grace, Sean P.; LaFrance-Bartley, M.; English, P.; King, J. W.; Kahn, A. A. (OCS Study BOEM, 2019)
Keywords: dept.bio

Can color-coded word-families flashcards facilitate word recognition in kindergarteners? - Durwin, Cheryl C.; Moore, Dina (Reading Improvement, 2019)
Three novel experiments investigated the effectiveness of color-coded word-families flashcards for facilitating kindergarteners' word recognition skills. Flashcards were constructed with the rime of the word family (vowel and remaining consonant sounds) printed in black ink, indicating that words with this spelling pattern sound the same, and the onsets (initial consonant sounds) shown in different colors, indicating the sound changes from word to word. All experiments involved preand post-testing on word recognition and phonological awareness and random assignment to intervention or control conditions. The length of intervention and type of control condition differed among experiments. Results suggested that word-families may facilitate word recognition skill development and that factors such as amount of practice, phonological awareness, and socioeconomic status impact the efficacy of the intervention.
Keywords: dept.psy; early literacy; elementary schools; peer-reviewed; phonological awareness; reading instructors; reading intervention; ⛔ No DOI found

The genocidal legacy of Radovan Karadžić - Pettigrew, David (Etnické komunity: hrdinové, šibalové a antagonisté Balkánu, 2017)
Keywords: dept.phi

Milton - Rosso, G. A. (William Blake in Context, 2019)
Keywords: dept.eng; faculty_collection

Attention on adolescent mental disorders: the long-term effects on labor market outcomes - Yu, Jia (International Journal of Applied Economics, 2019)
According to a presidential task force about national college health in 2005, 14.9% of college students have been diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorders. Almost 75% of them experienced mental health problems during their early childhood or adolescence. Specifically, this paper examines the longitudinal effects of learning disability and attention disorder, and behavior disorder, of children born in 1980 – 1984, on their labor market outcomes as young adults. This study applies data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), which documents the transition from school to work, and from adolescence to adulthood. By applying a family fixed effects model with Heckman selection procedure and multinomial logistic regression, the research results show that experiencing mental health illness during childhood is associated with a decreased risk of employment, an increased risk of unemployment, and decreased weekly paid working hours. This effect is strong and significant for males, and barely discernible for females. Hence, childhood mental disorder is an important determinant of individual’s labor market outcomes. Targeting the improvement for boys’ mental illness situation might be beneficial for improving their labor market participation.
Keywords: dept.eco; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Voices from the desks: exploring student experiences in counselor education - Foss-Kelly, Louisa L.; Protivnak, Jake J. (The Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 2017)
The purpose of the qualitative study was to explore the themes that counselor education master’s students perceived as impacting their experience within a counseling program. Counselor education master’s students provided their perceptions of what they attributed to helping or hindering their progress. Themes identified as impacting their experiences were academic environment, finances, job preparation, self-care, life role balance, support, mentoring and advising, and personal growth. Recommendations are provided for counselor educators to consider when structuring programs and interacting with master’s students.
Keywords: dept.csp

Timing Prediction for Dynamic Application Migration on Multi-core Embedded Systems - Li, Zheng; Wu, Hao; He, Shuibing (2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), IEEE International Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing, (HPSC) and IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IDS), 2018)
To accommodate execution mode change and hardware malfunction, dynamic system reconfiguration, which invokes application migration across different processing cores, needs to be supported on multi-core embedded systems. Different application migration strategies will impact system's timing behaviors in different manners, it is important to select an appropriate one such that the system's timing performance after the migration process is still acceptable. The focus of our research is to predict the system's timing change of possible migration strategies and upon which to choose the optimal one. Extensive experiments have been set up by running multiple benchmarks and experimental results validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Keywords: Application Migration; Application migrations; Big data; Dynamic applications; Dynamic system reconfigurations; Embedded systems; Forecasting; Kernel; Migration process; Migration strategy; Multi Core; Multi core; Multi-core embedded systems; Multicore processing; Network security; Predictive models; Timing; Timing Prediction; Timing circuits; Timing performance; Training; Training data; dept.csc; dynamic application migration; dynamic system reconfiguration; embedded systems; execution mode; hardware malfunction; multicore embedded systems; multiprocessing systems; systems timing behaviors; timing prediction

Optimizing System Quality of Service through Rejuvenation for Long-Running Applications with Real-Time Constraints - Guo, Chunhui; Wu, Hao; Hua, Xiayu; Ren, Shangping; Nogiec, Jerzy (arXiv:1811.08047 [cs], 2018)
Reliability, longevity, availability, and deadline guarantees are the four most important metrics to measure the QoS of long-running safety-critical real-time applications. Software aging is one of the major factors that impact the safety of long-running real-time applications as the degraded performance and increased failure rate caused by software aging can lead to deadline missing and catastrophic consequences. Software rejuvenation is one of the most commonly used approaches to handle issues caused by software aging. In this paper, we study the optimal time when software rejuvenation shall take place so that the system's reliability, longevity, and availability are maximized, and application delays caused by software rejuvenation is minimized. In particular, we formally analyze the relationships between software rejuvenation frequency and system reliability, longevity, and availability. Based on the theoretic analysis, we develop approaches to maximizing system reliability, longevity, and availability, and use simulation to evaluate the developed approaches. In addition, we design the MIN-DELAY semi-priority-driven scheduling algorithm to minimize application delays caused by rejuvenation processes. The simulation experiments show that the developed semi-priority-driven scheduling algorithm reduces application delays by 9.01% and 14.24% over the earliest deadline first (EDF) and least release time (LRT) scheduling algorithms, respectively.
Keywords: Computer Science - Distributed; Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing; Computer Science - Performance; Computer Science - Software Engineering; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control; Parallel; and Cluster Computing; dept.csc; ⛔ No DOI found

Schedulability Analysis for Real-Time Task Set on Resource with Performance Degradation and Dual-Level Periodic Rejuvenations - Hua, Xiayu; Guo, Chunhui; Wu, Hao; Lautner, Douglas; Ren, Shangping (IEEE Transactions on Computers, 2017)
Researches in real-time scheduling often assume that the performance of a computing resource does not change overtime. However, as system softwares and system architectures become increasingly complex, resource performance degradation over time becomes more evident. In this paper, we study the schedulability of a hard real-time task set on a resource which has performance degradation over time with a known pattern and use both cold and warm periodic rejuvenations as countermeasures. Such resource model is referred to as P2D-resource model for performance degradation and periodic rejuvenation with dual-levels. In this paper, we study (1) the formal specification of the P2D-resource model, (2) P2D-resource supply analysis, and (3) task set utilization bounds of a P2D-resource under Earliest Deadline First (EDF) and Rate Monotonic (RM) scheduling policies.
Keywords: Aging; Analytical models; Computational modeling; Degradation; EDF; P2D-resource model; P2D-resource supply analysis; RM scheduling policies; Real-time system; Real-time systems; Software; System performance; dept.csc; dual-level periodic rejuvenations; earliest deadline first; formal specification; periodic resource; program diagnostics; rate monotonic scheduling policies; real-time scheduling; real-time systems; real-time task set; resource performance degradation; schedulability analysis; scheduling; software aging; software architecture; software maintenance; software performance evaluation; software rejuvenation; system architectures; system softwares; task set utilization bounds

Using technology to prompt good questions about distributions in statistics - Nabbout-Cheiban, Marie; Fisher, Forest; Edwards, Michael Todd (The Mathematics Teacher, 2017)
Revisions of a textbook problem enhance the underlying tasks and foster conceptual understanding.
Keywords: dept.edu; peer-reviewed

Intuitive thinking and misconceptions of independent events: a case study of us and french pre-service teachers - Nabbout-Cheiban, Marie (International Journal of Research in Undergraduate Mathematics Education, 2016)
In this article we study the conceptions of an American and a French group of undergraduate pre-service teachers regarding the concept of independent events. Specifically, we study the role that intuition plays in their answers, ascertain the presence of probabilistic biases, and compare the findings with previous results collected on a different population. Participants were asked to provide essay-type answers to a three-part questionnaire that asked them to solve problems, react to hypothetical students’ answers, and answer direct questions. The concept of independent events was problematic for most participants as was the distinction between mutually exclusive and independent events. In addition, representativeness bias and the Falk Phenomenon were observed among several participants.
Keywords: dept.edu

Management and Leadership in Social Work: A Competency Based Approach - Rofuth, Todd W.; Piepenbring, Julie M. (Springer Publishing Company, LLC, Springer Publishing Company, 2019)
The authors have had many years of leadership and management experience in a variety of settings and have discovered that there are few books that cover the majority of topics related to leadership and management specifically for social work education and practice. This book covers all the main areas of expertise required in a typical social work leadership and management experience. It incorporates all 21 competencies and 126 practice behaviors from the Network on Social Work Management (NSWM) and nine competencies and 29 practice behaviors espoused by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) and can serve as a textbook for social work programs at the graduate level. The book has many unique features. It provides a comprehensive list of leadership and management competencies from the NSWM and the CSWE along with a list of competencies and practice behaviors. The book presents leadership and management competencies and practice behaviors each chapter along with cases, examples, and activities of how to use them in practice situations. It discusses in detail the differences between management and leadership along with best management and leadership practices. The book provides examples of how to motive and successfully work with different age cohorts. It presents effective communication and marketing strategies. The book discusses in detail how to effectively work with groups and give examples of how to make meetings productive. It exhibits specific problem-solving and decision-making strategies along with examples. The book summarizes how to manage a range of organizational functions. It discusses the importance of collaborating with community groups and other stakeholders to succeed in making a difference. The book contains five parts that replicate the <abbrev>NSWM</abbrev>’s four domains of leadership: executive leadership in social work; resources management practices; strategic management and administrative skills for organizational growth and success; community collaboration; and supplemental materials.
Keywords: Leadership; Vocational qualifications; Social Work; dept.swk; faculty_collection; methods; Efficiency, Organizational; organization & administration; Leadership; Professional Competence; Personnel Management

Approximation of the time alignment error for measurements in electricity grids - Antonios, I.; Schwefel, H.-P.; Lipsky, L. (15th European Dependable Computing Conference, 2019)
Measurements of parameters in electricity grids are frequently captured as average values over some time interval. In scenarios of distributed measurements such as in distribution grids, offsets of local clocks can result in misaligned averaging intervals. This paper investigates the properties of the so-called time alignment error of such measurands that is caused by shifts of the averaging interval. We extend a previously derived Markov-modulated model and provide an approximation of the variance of the time alignment error. The model accounts for slow-decaying correlation structure found in actual traces of electrical measures. We compare results of three electrical measures for 20 traces with numerical results and simulations from the the fitted Markov model. © 2019 IEEE.
Keywords: Alignment; Clock Synchronization; Clock synchronization; Clocks; Decaying correlations; Distributed measurements; Distribution grid; Electric power transmission networks; Electric variables measurement; Electrical distribution; Electrical distribution grids; Electricity grids; Errors; Markov processes; Measurement errors; Modulated model; Numerical results; dept.csc

Correlates and Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Graduate Students - Barton, Barbara A.; Bulmer, Sandra M. (Health Educator, 2017)
Depression and anxiety are increasingly prevalent on college campuses; however, few studies have explored these disorders among graduate students. Purpose of this study was to examine prevalence, correlates and predictors of depression and anxiety among graduate students. This cross-sectional study used secondary data (N=4477) collected as part of the Healthy Minds Study. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was used as the screening instrument. Multiple logistic regression examined the effect of demographic and social variables on the outcome of screening positive. Results showed 14.0% screened positive for depression, 9.5% for anxiety, 19.1% for either, and 4.4% for both. Depression correlates included: race/ethnicity, nationality, living situation, relationship status and finances growing up. Anxiety correlates included: sex, nationality, sexual orientation, and current finances. Validated predictors for depression were relationship status and finances growing up. Validated predictor for anxiety was identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ), while being male and international status were protective. These findings suggest depression and anxiety are as prevalent among graduates as undergraduates and provide insight into the social and demographic influences of screening positive. Health educators can use these findings to inform policy and programming for graduate students that will provide an appropriate combination of services.
Keywords: Anxiety Disorders; Case Studies; Correlation; Depression (Psychology); Ethnicity; Family Income; Foreign Students; Gender Differences; Graduate Students; Health Education; Health Services; Interpersonal Relationship; Minority Groups; Money Management; Place of Residence; Predictor Variables; Race; Sexual Identity; Sexual Orientation; dept.hhs; ⛔ No DOI found

The mid-network mayfly maxima (MMM): A general pattern of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) species richness within drainage networks and what we can learn from it - Burian, Steven K. (Zoosymposia, 2019)
For the last 93 years mayfly diversity has been studied at all taxonomic levels from families to populations and all spatial and temporal scales. This has resulted in the description of almost every possible pattern with regard to latitude, elevation, habitat, climate, and season. However, if the focus is on species and sampling restricted to nymphs and the spatial scale limited to drainage networks, then a single recurring pattern appears—the hump-shaped Mid-network Mayfly Maxima (MMM). Past studies have attempted to explain this hump-shaped pattern with regards to some combination of ecologic, hydrologic, climatic, anthropogenic, or historic variables. There is wide agreement that some of these variables are important to the occurrence and distribution of individual species, but there is no consensus as to what combination of these variables comprises the best general explanation of the humped-shaped pattern. Because of the lack of agreement on how to explain this recurring pattern for mayflies and an unwillingness to acknowledge it as a general feature of drainage networks, where mayflies occur, we have become stuck trying to tease out a cause and have failed to recognize that although knowing a cause is important it may not be relevant to the broader use of this information for biomonitoring, climate monitoring, habitat management, and conservation now. I believe that there is sufficient evidence that the MMM exists and occurs in almost every major drainage system and is reasonably predictable using basic attributes of drainage networks pertinent to the aquatic life stage (nymphs). Herein I will summarize pertinent studies that support this contention; reexamine some results from one of the most comprehensive recent studies that included mayfly taxa along altitudinal gradients in North America by Gill et al. (2014), as well as a test dataset from a river in western Maine, USA; comment on information needed to estimate the location of MMM in any drainage network and how the MMM can be used; and discuss how the extent of common vs. rare species affect the perceptions of the regional species pool and the MMM.
Keywords: Ephemeroptera; Mayfly; dept.bio; peer-reviewed; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Understanding the why of college student food insecurity - Zigmont, Victoria A.; Linsmeier, Abigail M.; Gallup, Peggy (Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 2019)
This study sought to understand why college students are food insecure and what the impact is on their academics. A generic qualitative study design was utilized that consisted of written surveys and semi-structured interviews. Participants (n = 19) self-identified as food insecure based upon their answers to the 6-item Short Form Food Security Survey Module. Two researchers independently coded the data for themes and patterns. Risk factors for food insecurity included finances, time, and lack of resources/skills to provide for healthy eating. Time and money put commuter students at risk for food insecurity. While students within this convenience sample reported negative impacts on their academic achievement from food insecurity, their coping mechanisms prioritized cost and convenience over food quality, possibly exacerbating their situation.College food insecurity is a complex issue and raw measurements may not paint a complete picture. Conflicting priorities in addition to income and time pressures mean that interventions should be tailored from current approaches. Colleges may need to find unique ways to ensure food security for at risk students within financial aid packages and/or university programs to ensure student success.
Keywords: College students; dept.pch; food insecurity; higher education; hunger; peer-reviewed; university students

Diel and tidal pCO2 × O2 fluctuations provide physiological refuge to early life stages of a coastal forage fish - Cross, Emma L.; Murray, Christopher S.; Baumann, Hannes (Scientific Reports, 2019)
Coastal ecosystems experience substantial natural fluctuations in pCO2 and dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions on diel, tidal, seasonal and interannual timescales. Rising carbon dioxide emissions and anthropogenic nutrient input are expected to increase these pCO2 and DO cycles in severity and duration of acidification and hypoxia. How coastal marine organisms respond to natural pCO2 × DO variability and future climate change remains largely unknown. Here, we assess the impact of static and cycling pCO2 × DO conditions of various magnitudes and frequencies on early life survival and growth of an important coastal forage fish, Menidia menidia. Static low DO conditions severely decreased embryo survival, larval survival, time to 50% hatch, size at hatch and post-larval growth rates. Static elevated pCO2 did not affect most response traits, however, a synergistic negative effect did occur on embryo survival under hypoxic conditions (3.0 mg L-1). Cycling pCO2 × DO, however, reduced these negative effects of static conditions on all response traits with the magnitude of fluctuations influencing the extent of this reduction. This indicates that fluctuations in pCO2 and DO may benefit coastal organisms by providing periodic physiological refuge from stressful conditions, which could promote species adaptability to climate change.
Keywords: dept.egm

Diagnostic and treatment outcomes for an adolescent with left functional hemispherectomy - McCullagh, Jennifer; Dilaj, K (Adult Audiology Casebook, 2019)
Keywords: dept.cmd; faculty_collection

Dichotic listening training following neurological injury in adults: a pilot study - Purdy, Mary; McCullagh, Jennifer (Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2019)
Purpose: Injury to the dominant left brain hemisphere can lead to specific language deficits such as aphasia, or to the cognitive processes that support language such as attention and working memory. Language is heavily supported through the auditory modality, which is a key area of deficit in acquired language disorders, and recovery of auditory processing is a prerequisite to recovery of other language modalities. A specific auditory processing deficit that has been identified following neurologic injury is dichotic listening. Some researchers have suggested that dichotic listening can be strengthened through the use of a dichotic listening training paradigm, although the impact of this training for adults with neurological injury is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dichotic listening training improved dichotic listening performance as well as auditory comprehension in individuals with neurological injuries.Method: Five individuals with a history of acquired language deficits who met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in the dichotic listening training for four to six weeks. Dichotic listening and language comprehension skills were evaluated pre- and post-training.Results: Results indicated all participants progressed through a range of dichotic listening tasks during training, and four of the five individuals improved on at least one of the dichotic listening tests post-treatment. All of the participants demonstrated some improvement in auditory processing/comprehension of complex commands.Conclusions: Dichotic listening training has the potential to positively influence dichotic listening and auditory comprehension skills in adults with neurological injury.
Keywords: Article; Dichotic listening; adult; auditory processing; auditory processing disorder; auditory rehabilitation; brain injury; cerebrovascular accident; clinical article; comprehension; dept.cmd; dichotic listening; distortion product otoacoustic emission; hearing impairment; human; language ability; language disability; male; neurologic; peer-reviewed; pilot study; priority journal; pure tone audiometry; treatment; tympanometry

Concentrations in school psychology: Can specialization empower the evolution of the profession? - Starling, N.; Elias, E.; Coleman, M. (Contemporary School Psychology, 2019)
How can school psychologists effectively address and respond to the myriad needs of students in our nation’s schools? As these needs are ever-growing and diversifying, should the profession of school psychology consider mirroring this diversification through the promotion of specialized skill sets? Such efforts would echo the development of related disciplines of education, medicine, and psychology, disciplines that have long recognized the need for the division of skills and services in specified areas to meet the developing needs of their profession. We present and discuss questions related to specializations in school psychology under a broad subject of the potential for additional concentrated skill-based training to better impact service delivery and student outcomes. In exploring these questions, consideration is given to the ever-increasing needs of the schools coupled with the goal of school psychology: to empower school psychologists to promote the learning, behavior, and mental health of all children and youth. With very preliminary data in mind, the following areas are presented, with no particular order or emphasis, as potential topics and areas from which to build communities of discussion and exploration: bilingual–multilingual, behavior analytic, autism, and counseling, with introduction to other areas such as research, preschool/early childhood, neuropsychology, and leadership. Implications and recommendations for future directions are also discussed.
Keywords: dept.csp

Charge-dependent pair correlations relative to a third particle in p + Au and d + Au collisions at RHIC - STAR Collaboration (Physics Letters B, 2019)
Quark interactions with topological gluon configurations can induce chirality imbalance and local parity violation in quantum chromodynamics. This can lead to electric charge separation along the strong magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions – the chiral magnetic effect (CME). We report measurements by the STAR collaboration of a CME-sensitive observable in p+Au and d+Au collisions at 200 GeV, where the CME is not expected, using charge-dependent pair correlations relative to a third particle. We observe strong charge-dependent correlations similar to those measured in heavy-ion collisions. This bears important implications for the interpretation of the heavy-ion data.
Keywords: dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Food in correctional facilities: A scoping review - Smoyer, Amy B. (Appetite, 2019)
In the last 20 years, there has been an exponential increase in research about food in prison. Given this growing interest, it is appropriate to take stock of the field by mapping and synthesizing existing knowledge in order to identify gaps in knowledge and make recommendations for future research. Specifically, the purpose of this scoping review is to understand the experiences of incarcerated people with food in order to inform interventions that will promote positive outcomes for justice-involved individuals and correctional facilities. This review identified 38 peer-reviewed research articles about food in correctional facilities. This sample included qualitative (n = 28) and quantitative (n = 10) research that explored the both the pragmatic and symbolic dimensions of food in these settings. Taken together, this body of research provides a rich description of prison food practices and the implications of these practices on medical, psychological, and sociological outcomes. Moving forward, collaboration between academics, incarcerated people, and correctional practitioners is encouraged in order to develop programs that use this research to improve individual and intuitional outcomes. In addition, while emerging research has begun to develop knowledge about prison food in developing countries, the literature focuses primarily on the US, Canada and Western Europe and there is a need to expand the geographic scope of this inquiry.
Keywords: *Food Services; *Prisons; Canada; Consumer Behavior; Europe; Food Services; Humans; Nutritive Value; Prisons; United States; Western Europe; adult; article; catering service; clinical article; consumer attitude; dept.swk; developing country; female; human; justice; male; nutritional value; peer-reviewed; physician; prison

Hygge: Food and the construction of safety among incarcerated women in Denmark - Smoyer, Amy B.; Minke, Linda Kjær (Appetite, 2019)
Knowledge about women's socio-emotional experience of incarceration is sparse. To address this gap in the research, open-ended interviews were conducted with 9 incarcerated women in Denmark. The inquiry focused on their experiences with prison food and eating, including questions about hygge-related practices. Hygge is a cherished part of Danish culture that encourages people to create cozy environments by sharing food and fellowship. While this warm and comforting practice may seem incongruent with prison, contemporary theory about carceral geography suggests a wide range of emotional spaces within prisons and identifies the central role of incarcerated people and external norms on constructing these spaces. The participants’ narratives describe and explain the role of hygge in Danish prisons. Participants report using food and other props to construct hygge in their cells, in common areas, and with visitors, in order to build safety and manage the harshness of prison life. While these experiences are fleeting, findings suggest that the ability of these women to engage in hygge practices has a deeply positive impact on their lived experience of incarceration. The findings expand understanding about the role of food in prison and inform the practices of correctional facilities.
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

A quantitative exploration of students’ mindsets and behaviors: A whole child academic, emotional, and career development - Yavuz, Olcay (International Journal of Educational Reform, 2019)
The demands of the 21st century require a systemic and collaborative perspective to promote the long-term development and success of all children. The purpose of this international comparative study is to investigate students’ mindsets and behaviors for school, college, and career success. The results revealed that there are key factors significantly impact on the students’ perceptions on academic, emotional, and career development. The author hopes this study will add to the limited existent research on educating the whole child. Also, this study should assist in future policies and practices by providing explorative analyses for students’ attitudes or beliefs for achieving their college and career goals.
Keywords: academic success; career readiness; dept.edl; emotional development; peer-reviewed

The unforgettable age: young in Costa Rica of XX century - Coury Kordick, Carmen Coury (Americas, 2019)
Keywords: dept.his; peer-reviewed

Validity and reliability of the lode excalibur sport cycle ergometer for the wingate anaerobic test - Lunn, William R.; Axtell, Robert S. (The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2019)
Lunn, WR and Axtell, RS. Validity and reliability of the Lode Excalibur Sport cycle ergometer for the Wingate Anaerobic Test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2019—Although multiple testing devices advertise Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), capability, reliability, and validity data are sparse. The purpose was to determine whether the Lode Excalibur Sport cycle ergometer is a reliable and valid instrument to conduct the 30-second WAnT when compared with the Monark 894e Peak Bike ergometer. Recreationally active men (n = 49; 20.6 ± 2.5 years; 1.75 ± 0.07 m; and 79.1 ± 9.8 kg) completed four 30-second WAnTs: 2 each on the Lode and the Monark ergometers for peak power (PP), mean power (MP), minimum power (MinP), fatigue index (FI), and peak cadence (vmax) measurement. Interday and interunit correlation, multivariate analysis of variance, regression, and Bland-Altman analysis determined reliability and validity. Cohen's d was used to determine effect size. Relative reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) with 95% confidence interval for Monark and Lode was very high for PP, MP, MinP, and vmax and high for FI (r > 0.83; coefficient of variation ≤ 27.0%; p < 0.01). Interunit correlation was strong for PP, MP, MinP, and vmax (r > 0.75; p < 0.001) and moderate for FI (p = 0.001). Lode PP and FI values were significantly less (p < 0.001; d > 1.18) and MinP, MP, and vmax significantly greater (p ≤ 0.001; d > 0.51) than Monark. Proportional bias was demonstrated for all variables (p < 0.04; d > 2.68) except vmax. The Lode ergometer reliably provides WAnT outcomes and correlates well to the Monark ergometer. However, differences in power values and proportional bias between differently braked instruments prevent use of the Lode ergometer for comparison of WAnT data with normative data generated by the Monark ergometer.
Keywords: dept.hms; peer-reviewed

A kinematically cold structure of candidate young OB stars toward the anticenter - Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I.; Girard, Terrence M. (The Astrophysical Journal, 2019)
We combine Galaxy Evolution Explorer and Gaia DR2 catalogs to track star formation in the outskirts of our Galaxy. Using photometry, proper motions, and parallaxes we identify a structure of ∼300 OB-type candidates located between 12 and 15 kpc from the Galactic center that are kinematically cold. The structure is located between l =120° and 200°, above the plane up to ∼700 pc and below the plane to ∼1 kpc. The bulk motion is disklike; however, we measure a mean upward vertical motion of 5.7 +0.4 km s-1, and a mean outward radial motion of between 8 and 16 km s-1. The velocity dispersion along the least dispersed of its proper-motion axes (perpendicular to the Galactic disk) is 6.0 +0.3 km s-1, confirming the young age of this structure. While spatially encompassing the outer spiral arm of the Galaxy, this structure is not a spiral arm. Its explanation as the Milky Way warp is equally unsatisfactory. The structure's vertical extent, mean kinematics, and asymmetry with respect to the plane indicate that its origin is more akin to a wobble generated by a massive satellite perturbing the Galaxy's disk. The mean stellar ages in this outer structure indicate the event took place some 200 Myr ago. © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..
Keywords: dept.phy

TOI-150b and TOI-163b: two transiting hot Jupiters, one eccentric and one inflated, revealed by TESS near and at the edge of the JWST CVZ - Kossakowski, Diana; Espinoza, Néstor; Brahm, Rafael; Jordán, Andrés; Henning, Thomas; Rojas, Felipe; Kürster, Martin; Sarkis, Paula; Schlecker, Martin; Pozuelos, F. J.; Barkaoui, Khalid; Jehin, Emmanuel; et al. (Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2019)
We present the discovery of TYC9191-519-1b (TOI-150b, TIC 271893367) and HD271181b (TOI-163b, TIC 179317684), two hot Jupiters initially detected using 30-min cadence Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry from Sector 1 and thoroughly characterized through follow-up photometry (CHAT, Hazelwood, LCO/CTIO, El Sauce, TRAPPIST-S), high-resolution spectroscopy (FEROS, CORALIE), and speckle imaging (Gemini/DSSI), confirming the planetary nature of the two signals. A simultaneous joint fit of photometry and radial velocity using a new fitting package JULIET reveals that TOI-150b is a 1.254 ± 0.016 RJ, massive (2.61+−001912 MJ) hot Jupiter in a 5.857-d orbit, while TOI-163b is an inflated (RP = 1.478+−00022029 RJ, MP = 1.219 ± 0.11 MJ) hot Jupiter on a P = 4.231-d orbit; both planets orbit F-type stars. A particularly interesting result is that TOI-150b shows an eccentric orbit (e = 0.262+−00045037), which is quite uncommon among hot Jupiters. We estimate that this is consistent, however, with the circularization time-scale, which is slightly larger than the age of the system. These two hot Jupiters are both prime candidates for further characterization – in particular, both are excellent candidates for determining spin-orbit alignments via the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect and for characterizing atmospheric thermal structures using secondary eclipse observations considering they are both located closely to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Continuous Viewing Zone (CVZ). © 2018 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Keywords: Planets and satellites: detection; Stars: individual: HD271181; Stars: individual: TIC 179317684; Stars: individual: TIC 271893367; Stars: individual: TYC9191-519-1; Techniques: photometric; dept.phy; peer-reviewed

Social determinants of health: the how, who, and where screenings are occurring; a systematic review - O’Brien, Kyle H. (Social Work in Health Care, 2019)
Screening for social determinants of health allows health care teams to assess and address social factors that influence one’s health, mental health, and access to care. These social factors include poverty, health literacy, social support, exposure to trauma, food insecurity, and housing instability. The objective of this study was to examine what screening tools for social determinants of health are being used, in what contexts, and with what populations. Findings suggest that health literacy is the most commonly screened for, followed by trauma history, social support, food insecurity and housing across diverse contexts and populations. Results from this study can be used to inform providers of available screening tools and resources that can be readily utilized in practice. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
Keywords: Food Supply; Health Literacy; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status Indicators; Housing; Humans; Poverty; Social Determinants of Health; Social determinants of health; catering service; dept.hls; dept.rec; dept.swk; health care; health care delivery; health literacy; health status indicator; housing; human; integrated care; interprofessional practice; peer-reviewed; poverty; primary care; screening tools; social determinants of health

Morphological attrition - Schmitt, Elena (The Oxford Handbook of Language Attrition, 2019)
This volume is the first handbook dedicated to language attrition, the study of how a speaker's language may be affected by crosslinguistic interference and non-use. The effects of language attrition can be felt in all aspects of language knowledge, processing, and production, and can offer unique insights into the mind of bilingual language users. In this book, international experts in the field explore a comprehensive range of topics in language attrition, examining its theoretical implications, psycho- and neurolinguistic approaches, linguistic and extralinguistic factors, L2 attrition, and heritage languages. The chapters summarize current research and draw on insights from related fields such as child language development, language contact, language change, pathological developments, and second language acquisition.
Keywords: dept.wll; faculty_collection

Cryptocurrencies for the payment of products or services: Risks, accounting practices and regulations - Allen, David; Aselta, James; Engel, Russell (Accounting and Finance Research, 2019)
This paper examines the risks, accounting practices and disclosures of companies who accept cryptocurrency for the payment of products or services. We provide a brief history of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology that allows the reader to deepen their understanding of the subject before moving on to a discussion of how regulatory bodies such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) are treating the accounting for cryptocurrency transactions.
Keywords: dept.acc; peer-reviewed

Tracing home address exemptions in state FOI laws - Gil, Jodie (The Journal of Civic Information, 2019)
Privacy concerns have prompted many states to close off once-public information from release through the freedom of information process. This study looks at the personal privacy exemptions for home addresses in 50 states and Washington, D.C., in both 2011 and 2019. There were 16 instances of a change in state law during that time – only three toward more transparency. Voter registration records were the most open of the three categories reviewed, with more than half the states requiring disclosure of home addresses in 2019. This study can help guide journalists, policy makers and records holders as they navigate proposed changes to FOI laws.
Keywords: dept.jrn; peer-reviewed

So You Want to Start an Institutional Biosafety Committee - Schniederberend, Maren; Fontes, Benjamin; Jeffrey, Rachel (Applied Biosafety, 2019)
Introduction: The number of institutions engaging in research with potentially biohazardous materials has increased, indicating a need for newly formed Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBCs) in the United States and for similar biorisk management committees located outside the United States. Our institution identified the need for an IBC due to the growth of pertinent activities on campus. Objectives: This article shares our experiences creating a new IBC at our institution from September 2017 to April 2019. Our lessons learned and approaches to the challenges faced may be helpful to others finding themselves with similar needs. Methods: In this case study, we outline IBC membership, documents, relationships with federal agencies and within the institution, creation of registration forms, and the review process. Along with our account, we have included links to helpful resources from federal agencies. Results: At the time of the submission of this article, we have established our IBC and reviewed two registrations. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates the successful creation of an IBC that works for our current institutional needs. © ABSA International 2019.
Keywords: BMBL; EHS; IBC; NIH Guidelines; biorisk management; dept.bio; peer-reviewed; standard operating procedure

Voices should be heard: what personal stories of homelessness teach us about practice - Schneider, Dana A.; Cretella, Jill; Ranaudo, Sarah; Constantino, Daniel; Cota, Catherine F. (Families in society-The journal of contemporary social services, 2019)
The Voices Should Be Heard community-based participatory research project provided a platform for individuals experiencing homelessness to share their life stories and experiences. Participants offered their reflections on the oppression of homelessness and how the service delivery system could be improved. This article synthesizes these reflections and offers recommendations for practice aimed at reducing the oppression of homelessness and promoting social change. Using a strengths-based perspective, we offer points of entry for working with individuals experiencing homelessness.
Keywords: client-worker relationship; client–worker relationship; dept.swk; homelessness and housing; methods and analytics; modes of practice; peer-reviewed; professional issues; qualitative research; strengths-based practice; subjects of practice; working alliance

Hope, courage, and resilience in the lives of transgender women of color - Ruff, Nadine; Smoyer, Amy; Breny, Jean (The Qualitative Report, 2019)
There is a lack of qualitative and strengths-based knowledge about the lived experience of transgender women of color in the US. To address this research gap, a Photovoice project was undertaken with five transgender women living in a small urban area. Thematic analysis of the participants' discussion of their photographs identified three major themes: Hope, courage, and resilience. Analysis suggests a framework for understanding these women's lived experiences and the psychosocial tools that they use to negotiate their daily lives and persevere in the face of interpersonal and structural oppression. © 2019 Nova Southeastern University. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Courage; Hope; Photovoice; Resilience; Transgender Women; Women of Color; dept.pch; dept.swk; peer-reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

High-resolution imaging transit photometry of Kepler-13AB - Howell, Steve B.; Scott, Nicholas J.; Matson, Rachel A.; Horch, Elliott P.; Stephens, Andrew (The Astronomical Journal, 2019)
Using the high-resolution imaging instrument, 'Alopeke, at the Gemini-N telescope, we obtained simultaneous two-channel time-series observations of the binary exoplanet host star Kepler13-AB. Our optical observations were obtained during a transit event of the exoplanet Kepler-13b and light curves were produced using both speckle interferometric and aperture photometry techniques. Both techniques confirm that the transiting object orbits the star Kepler-13A while different transit depths are seen across the optical wavelength range, being ∼2 times deeper in the blue. These measurements, as well as mass determinations in the literature, are consistent with Kepler-13b being a highly irradiated gas giant with a bloated atmosphere. Our observations highlight the ability of high-resolution speckle imaging to not only assess binarity in exoplanet host stars but robustly determine which of the stars the transiting object actually orbits. © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Keywords: binaries: close; dept.phy; galaxies: photometry; instrumentation: high angular resolution; peer-reviewed; planetary systems; techniques: image processing

Principles of racial integration vs. perceptions of non-White neighborhoods: Comparing hypothetical and real neighborhood choice - Meyerhoffer, Cassi A.; Kenty-Drane, Jessica (Journal of Urban Affairs, 2019)
Using qualitative interview data, we examine the consistency of White residents' responses to questions about their preferences for the racial composition of their neighborhoods when comparing hypothetical showcards and maps of real neighborhoods in respondents' cities. This approach allows for an examination of how residents' preferences for real neighborhoods align with preferences for idealized neighborhoods and the explanations people give when describing their preferences for neighborhoods of color. Data come from qualitative interviews conducted in Buffalo, New York, and Ogden, Utah.
Keywords: Buffalo; New York [New York (STT)]; New York [United States]; Ogden; United States; Utah; data set; dept.soc; neighborhood; peer-reviewed; perception; qualitative analysis; racial disparity; racial segregation

Contesting the Origins of the First World War: An Historiographical Argument - Paddock, Troy R. E. (Routledge, 2019)
Contesting the Origins of the First World War challenges the Anglophone emphasis on Germany as bearing the primary responsibility in causing the conflict and instead builds upon new perspectives to reconsider the roles of the other Great Powers. Using the work of Terrance Zuber, Sean McMeekin, and Stefan Schmidt as building blocks, this book reassesses the origins of the First World War and offers an explanation as to why this reassessment did not come about earlier. Troy R.E. Paddock argues that historians need to redraw the historiographical map that has charted the origins of the war. His analysis creates a more balanced view of German actions by also noting the actions and inaction of other nations. Recent works about the roles of the five Great Powers involved in the events leading up to the war are considered, and Paddock concludes that Germany does not bear the primary responsibility. This book provides a unique historiographical analysis of key texts published on the origins of the First World War, and its narrative encourages students to engage with and challenge historical perspectives.
Keywords: dept.his

Opportunity and responsibility for health - Cavallero, Eric (The Journal of Ethics, 2019)
Wealth and income are highly predictive of health and longevity. Egalitarians who maintain that this “socioeconomic-status gradient” in health is unjust are challenged by the fact that a significant component of it is owed to the higher prevalence of certain kinds of voluntary risk-taking among members of lower socioeconomic groups. Some egalitarians have argued that these apparently free personal choices are not genuinely free, and that those who make them should not be held morally responsible for the resulting harms to their health. I argue to the contrary that such choices usually are fully free, and that those who make them are responsible for their consequences. This does not imply, however, that society cannot also be responsible for those consequences. It is responsible for them if they are statistically foreseeable and avoidable outcomes of unjust public institutions and policies. I show that many of the harms to health that contribute to the voluntary behavioral component of the SES health gradient satisfy that description. Society can therefore be morally responsible for those harms, even though the individuals who suffer them are also fully responsible for them.
Keywords: Equality of opportunity; Health; Personal responsibility; SES gradient in health; Social responsibility; dept.phi; peer-reviewed

Understanding the role of the brick-and-mortar classroom in course design and implementation of the “flipped” classroom: An exploratory case study - Counselman-Carpenter, Elisabeth; Redcay, Alex (Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology, 2019)
Keywords: dept.swk; peer-reviewed

J. Newman: to Siri with love: A mother, her autistic son, and the kindness of machines - Raccio, Alexandra (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019)
Keywords: dept.sed

All is quiet on the Russian front: ceasefires and the pursuit of legitimacy by self-proclaimed “republics” in Ukraine - Lennon, Olena; Adams, Gregory (Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2019)
This paper examines the pursuit of legitimacy by the self-proclaimed “republics” in Ukraine. While these “republics” are illegal, questions of their legitimacy are commonly discussed almost entirely through Weberian rule-conformity. We argue that this one-dimensional view of legitimacy overlooks the rich context of normative aspects of power relationships. If the occupied Donbas is to be reintegrated into Ukraine, it is essential to understand the perceived legitimation of the political institutions in this region. We use David Beetham’s framework of legitimacy—consisting of legality, morality, and consent—to analyze the “republics’” pursuit of legitimacy. Our analysis leads to the proposition that while the “republics” are illegal, their supporters’ normative perceptions of the right to govern have ascribed more validity to the fake “governments” than what would have been expected from a legal point of view. Additionally, while a ceasefire between the Russian proxies and Ukraine’s forces has reduced violence, it has also levied temporal effect on the legitimation of illegitimate institutions. Our treatment of the process of legitimation over time helps us identify potential strategies of delegitimization should DPR and LPR reincorporate with Ukraine-controlled territory. Without dismantling internal perceptions of institutional legitimacy among inhabitants of nongovernment-controlled areas, a re-integration could not be accomplished.
Keywords: Russia; Ukraine; conflict management; de facto states; dept.soc; institutional framework; legislation; legitimacy; peer-reviewed; political conflict; political power; reconciliation; secessionism; separatism

CEO archetype identity drives organization culture - Prince, Melvin; Forr, James; Wardlaw, Jim; Plummer, Joseph (Journal of Leadership Studies, 2019)
In the current study the relationships between CEO archetypes and organizational climate were examined. Archetypes are historical, mythical, and cultural representations that are shared in our collective unconscious. Data were collected from a CEO and his employees, using a mixed methods research approach which involved the Zaltman Metaphorical Elicitation Technique (ZMET), as well as personality measures and quantitative assessments of organizational climate. The CEO archetype as perceived by employees is that of a benevolent patriarch which mirrors the CEO's self-concept as caring for the well-being of employees. Employees ascribed the stress-free and nurturing organizational climate to the CEO's archetypical leadership style. However, their organizational climate, in principle, leads to excessive employee familistic dependence on the CEO for making important organizational decisions and supplying creative ideation. The present study of a CEO archetype and its bearing on organizational climate is unique, filling an important gap in management knowledge. Implications of the study involve the channeling of its insights about the archetype-embedded organizational climate, so as to better select administrative managers, improve organizational communication trust and openness, stimulate creative innovation, handle organizational crises, and generally promote employee well-being. © 2019 University of Phoenix
Keywords: dept.mkt; peer-reviewed

Ephemeroptera - Burian, Steven K. (An introduction to the aquatic insects of North America, 2019)
"As with previous editions, this new one is intended to serve as a standard guide to the aquatic and semiaquatic insects of North America"--Preface, xi.
Keywords: dept.bio; faculty_collection